hotspot/src/os/windows/vm/os_windows.cpp
changeset 1 489c9b5090e2
child 234 4da9c1bbc810
child 193 171c404abf72
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/hotspot/src/os/windows/vm/os_windows.cpp	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,3872 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifdef _WIN64
+// Must be at least Windows 2000 or XP to use VectoredExceptions
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x500
+#endif
+
+// do not include precompiled header file
+# include "incls/_os_windows.cpp.incl"
+
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+#include <crtdbg.h>
+#endif
+
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/timeb.h>
+#include <objidl.h>
+#include <shlobj.h>
+
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <direct.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <process.h>              // For _beginthreadex(), _endthreadex()
+#include <imagehlp.h>             // For os::dll_address_to_function_name
+
+/* for enumerating dll libraries */
+#include <tlhelp32.h>
+#include <vdmdbg.h>
+
+// for timer info max values which include all bits
+#define ALL_64_BITS CONST64(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+
+// For DLL loading/load error detection
+// Values of PE COFF
+#define IMAGE_FILE_PTR_TO_SIGNATURE 0x3c
+#define IMAGE_FILE_SIGNATURE_LENGTH 4
+
+static HANDLE main_process;
+static HANDLE main_thread;
+static int    main_thread_id;
+
+static FILETIME process_creation_time;
+static FILETIME process_exit_time;
+static FILETIME process_user_time;
+static FILETIME process_kernel_time;
+
+#ifdef _WIN64
+PVOID  topLevelVectoredExceptionHandler = NULL;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+#define __CPU__ ia64
+#elif _M_AMD64
+#define __CPU__ amd64
+#else
+#define __CPU__ i486
+#endif
+
+// save DLL module handle, used by GetModuleFileName
+
+HINSTANCE vm_lib_handle;
+static int getLastErrorString(char *buf, size_t len);
+
+BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinst, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
+  switch (reason) {
+    case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
+      vm_lib_handle = hinst;
+      if(ForceTimeHighResolution)
+        timeBeginPeriod(1L);
+      break;
+    case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
+      if(ForceTimeHighResolution)
+        timeEndPeriod(1L);
+#ifdef _WIN64
+      if (topLevelVectoredExceptionHandler != NULL) {
+        RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(topLevelVectoredExceptionHandler);
+        topLevelVectoredExceptionHandler = NULL;
+      }
+#endif
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static inline double fileTimeAsDouble(FILETIME* time) {
+  const double high  = (double) ((unsigned int) ~0);
+  const double split = 10000000.0;
+  double result = (time->dwLowDateTime / split) +
+                   time->dwHighDateTime * (high/split);
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Implementation of os
+
+bool os::getenv(const char* name, char* buffer, int len) {
+ int result = GetEnvironmentVariable(name, buffer, len);
+ return result > 0 && result < len;
+}
+
+
+// No setuid programs under Windows.
+bool os::have_special_privileges() {
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+// This method is  a periodic task to check for misbehaving JNI applications
+// under CheckJNI, we can add any periodic checks here.
+// For Windows at the moment does nothing
+void os::run_periodic_checks() {
+  return;
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+LONG WINAPI Handle_FLT_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo);
+#endif
+void os::init_system_properties_values() {
+  /* sysclasspath, java_home, dll_dir */
+  {
+      char *home_path;
+      char *dll_path;
+      char *pslash;
+      char *bin = "\\bin";
+      char home_dir[MAX_PATH];
+
+      if (!getenv("_ALT_JAVA_HOME_DIR", home_dir, MAX_PATH)) {
+          os::jvm_path(home_dir, sizeof(home_dir));
+          // Found the full path to jvm[_g].dll.
+          // Now cut the path to <java_home>/jre if we can.
+          *(strrchr(home_dir, '\\')) = '\0';  /* get rid of \jvm.dll */
+          pslash = strrchr(home_dir, '\\');
+          if (pslash != NULL) {
+              *pslash = '\0';                 /* get rid of \{client|server} */
+              pslash = strrchr(home_dir, '\\');
+              if (pslash != NULL)
+                  *pslash = '\0';             /* get rid of \bin */
+          }
+      }
+
+      home_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(home_dir) + 1);
+      if (home_path == NULL)
+          return;
+      strcpy(home_path, home_dir);
+      Arguments::set_java_home(home_path);
+
+      dll_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(home_dir) + strlen(bin) + 1);
+      if (dll_path == NULL)
+          return;
+      strcpy(dll_path, home_dir);
+      strcat(dll_path, bin);
+      Arguments::set_dll_dir(dll_path);
+
+      if (!set_boot_path('\\', ';'))
+          return;
+  }
+
+  /* library_path */
+  #define EXT_DIR "\\lib\\ext"
+  #define BIN_DIR "\\bin"
+  #define PACKAGE_DIR "\\Sun\\Java"
+  {
+    /* Win32 library search order (See the documentation for LoadLibrary):
+     *
+     * 1. The directory from which application is loaded.
+     * 2. The current directory
+     * 3. The system wide Java Extensions directory (Java only)
+     * 4. System directory (GetSystemDirectory)
+     * 5. Windows directory (GetWindowsDirectory)
+     * 6. The PATH environment variable
+     */
+
+    char *library_path;
+    char tmp[MAX_PATH];
+    char *path_str = ::getenv("PATH");
+
+    library_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, MAX_PATH * 5 + sizeof(PACKAGE_DIR) +
+        sizeof(BIN_DIR) + (path_str ? strlen(path_str) : 0) + 10);
+
+    library_path[0] = '\0';
+
+    GetModuleFileName(NULL, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+    *(strrchr(tmp, '\\')) = '\0';
+    strcat(library_path, tmp);
+
+    strcat(library_path, ";.");
+
+    GetWindowsDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+    strcat(library_path, ";");
+    strcat(library_path, tmp);
+    strcat(library_path, PACKAGE_DIR BIN_DIR);
+
+    GetSystemDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+    strcat(library_path, ";");
+    strcat(library_path, tmp);
+
+    GetWindowsDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+    strcat(library_path, ";");
+    strcat(library_path, tmp);
+
+    if (path_str) {
+        strcat(library_path, ";");
+        strcat(library_path, path_str);
+    }
+
+    Arguments::set_library_path(library_path);
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, library_path);
+  }
+
+  /* Default extensions directory */
+  {
+    char path[MAX_PATH];
+    char buf[2 * MAX_PATH + 2 * sizeof(EXT_DIR) + sizeof(PACKAGE_DIR) + 1];
+    GetWindowsDirectory(path, MAX_PATH);
+    sprintf(buf, "%s%s;%s%s%s", Arguments::get_java_home(), EXT_DIR,
+        path, PACKAGE_DIR, EXT_DIR);
+    Arguments::set_ext_dirs(buf);
+  }
+  #undef EXT_DIR
+  #undef BIN_DIR
+  #undef PACKAGE_DIR
+
+  /* Default endorsed standards directory. */
+  {
+    #define ENDORSED_DIR "\\lib\\endorsed"
+    size_t len = strlen(Arguments::get_java_home()) + sizeof(ENDORSED_DIR);
+    char * buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
+    sprintf(buf, "%s%s", Arguments::get_java_home(), ENDORSED_DIR);
+    Arguments::set_endorsed_dirs(buf);
+    #undef ENDORSED_DIR
+  }
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(Handle_FLT_Exception);
+#endif
+
+  // Done
+  return;
+}
+
+void os::breakpoint() {
+  DebugBreak();
+}
+
+// Invoked from the BREAKPOINT Macro
+extern "C" void breakpoint() {
+  os::breakpoint();
+}
+
+// Returns an estimate of the current stack pointer. Result must be guaranteed
+// to point into the calling threads stack, and be no lower than the current
+// stack pointer.
+
+address os::current_stack_pointer() {
+  int dummy;
+  address sp = (address)&dummy;
+  return sp;
+}
+
+// os::current_stack_base()
+//
+//   Returns the base of the stack, which is the stack's
+//   starting address.  This function must be called
+//   while running on the stack of the thread being queried.
+
+address os::current_stack_base() {
+  MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
+  address stack_bottom;
+  size_t stack_size;
+
+  VirtualQuery(&minfo, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
+  stack_bottom =  (address)minfo.AllocationBase;
+  stack_size = minfo.RegionSize;
+
+  // Add up the sizes of all the regions with the same
+  // AllocationBase.
+  while( 1 )
+  {
+    VirtualQuery(stack_bottom+stack_size, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
+    if ( stack_bottom == (address)minfo.AllocationBase )
+      stack_size += minfo.RegionSize;
+    else
+      break;
+  }
+
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+  // IA64 has memory and register stacks
+  stack_size = stack_size / 2;
+#endif
+  return stack_bottom + stack_size;
+}
+
+size_t os::current_stack_size() {
+  size_t sz;
+  MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
+  VirtualQuery(&minfo, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
+  sz = (size_t)os::current_stack_base() - (size_t)minfo.AllocationBase;
+  return sz;
+}
+
+
+LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo);
+
+// Thread start routine for all new Java threads
+static unsigned __stdcall java_start(Thread* thread) {
+  // Try to randomize the cache line index of hot stack frames.
+  // This helps when threads of the same stack traces evict each other's
+  // cache lines. The threads can be either from the same JVM instance, or
+  // from different JVM instances. The benefit is especially true for
+  // processors with hyperthreading technology.
+  static int counter = 0;
+  int pid = os::current_process_id();
+  _alloca(((pid ^ counter++) & 7) * 128);
+
+  OSThread* osthr = thread->osthread();
+  assert(osthr->get_state() == RUNNABLE, "invalid os thread state");
+
+  if (UseNUMA) {
+    int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
+    if (lgrp_id != -1) {
+      thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  if (UseVectoredExceptions) {
+    // If we are using vectored exception we don't need to set a SEH
+    thread->run();
+  }
+  else {
+    // Install a win32 structured exception handler around every thread created
+    // by VM, so VM can genrate error dump when an exception occurred in non-
+    // Java thread (e.g. VM thread).
+    __try {
+       thread->run();
+    } __except(topLevelExceptionFilter(
+               (_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)_exception_info())) {
+        // Nothing to do.
+    }
+  }
+
+  // One less thread is executing
+  // When the VMThread gets here, the main thread may have already exited
+  // which frees the CodeHeap containing the Atomic::add code
+  if (thread != VMThread::vm_thread() && VMThread::vm_thread() != NULL) {
+    Atomic::dec_ptr((intptr_t*)&os::win32::_os_thread_count);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static OSThread* create_os_thread(Thread* thread, HANDLE thread_handle, int thread_id) {
+  // Allocate the OSThread object
+  OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
+  if (osthread == NULL) return NULL;
+
+  // Initialize support for Java interrupts
+  HANDLE interrupt_event = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);
+  if (interrupt_event == NULL) {
+    delete osthread;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  osthread->set_interrupt_event(interrupt_event);
+
+  // Store info on the Win32 thread into the OSThread
+  osthread->set_thread_handle(thread_handle);
+  osthread->set_thread_id(thread_id);
+
+  if (UseNUMA) {
+    int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
+    if (lgrp_id != -1) {
+      thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Initial thread state is INITIALIZED, not SUSPENDED
+  osthread->set_state(INITIALIZED);
+
+  return osthread;
+}
+
+
+bool os::create_attached_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  thread->verify_not_published();
+#endif
+  HANDLE thread_h;
+  if (!DuplicateHandle(main_process, GetCurrentThread(), GetCurrentProcess(),
+                       &thread_h, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, false, 0)) {
+    fatal("DuplicateHandle failed\n");
+  }
+  OSThread* osthread = create_os_thread(thread, thread_h,
+                                        (int)current_thread_id());
+  if (osthread == NULL) {
+     return false;
+  }
+
+  // Initial thread state is RUNNABLE
+  osthread->set_state(RUNNABLE);
+
+  thread->set_osthread(osthread);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool os::create_main_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  thread->verify_not_published();
+#endif
+  if (_starting_thread == NULL) {
+    _starting_thread = create_os_thread(thread, main_thread, main_thread_id);
+     if (_starting_thread == NULL) {
+        return false;
+     }
+  }
+
+  // The primordial thread is runnable from the start)
+  _starting_thread->set_state(RUNNABLE);
+
+  thread->set_osthread(_starting_thread);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Allocate and initialize a new OSThread
+bool os::create_thread(Thread* thread, ThreadType thr_type, size_t stack_size) {
+  unsigned thread_id;
+
+  // Allocate the OSThread object
+  OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
+  if (osthread == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Initialize support for Java interrupts
+  HANDLE interrupt_event = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);
+  if (interrupt_event == NULL) {
+    delete osthread;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  osthread->set_interrupt_event(interrupt_event);
+  osthread->set_interrupted(false);
+
+  thread->set_osthread(osthread);
+
+  if (stack_size == 0) {
+    switch (thr_type) {
+    case os::java_thread:
+      // Java threads use ThreadStackSize which default value can be changed with the flag -Xss
+      if (JavaThread::stack_size_at_create() > 0)
+        stack_size = JavaThread::stack_size_at_create();
+      break;
+    case os::compiler_thread:
+      if (CompilerThreadStackSize > 0) {
+        stack_size = (size_t)(CompilerThreadStackSize * K);
+        break;
+      } // else fall through:
+        // use VMThreadStackSize if CompilerThreadStackSize is not defined
+    case os::vm_thread:
+    case os::pgc_thread:
+    case os::cgc_thread:
+    case os::watcher_thread:
+      if (VMThreadStackSize > 0) stack_size = (size_t)(VMThreadStackSize * K);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Create the Win32 thread
+  //
+  // Contrary to what MSDN document says, "stack_size" in _beginthreadex()
+  // does not specify stack size. Instead, it specifies the size of
+  // initially committed space. The stack size is determined by
+  // PE header in the executable. If the committed "stack_size" is larger
+  // than default value in the PE header, the stack is rounded up to the
+  // nearest multiple of 1MB. For example if the launcher has default
+  // stack size of 320k, specifying any size less than 320k does not
+  // affect the actual stack size at all, it only affects the initial
+  // commitment. On the other hand, specifying 'stack_size' larger than
+  // default value may cause significant increase in memory usage, because
+  // not only the stack space will be rounded up to MB, but also the
+  // entire space is committed upfront.
+  //
+  // Finally Windows XP added a new flag 'STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION'
+  // for CreateThread() that can treat 'stack_size' as stack size. However we
+  // are not supposed to call CreateThread() directly according to MSDN
+  // document because JVM uses C runtime library. The good news is that the
+  // flag appears to work with _beginthredex() as well.
+
+#ifndef STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION
+#define STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION  (0x10000)
+#endif
+
+  HANDLE thread_handle =
+    (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,
+                           (unsigned)stack_size,
+                           (unsigned (__stdcall *)(void*)) java_start,
+                           thread,
+                           CREATE_SUSPENDED | STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION,
+                           &thread_id);
+  if (thread_handle == NULL) {
+    // perhaps STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION is not supported, try again
+    // without the flag.
+    thread_handle =
+    (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,
+                           (unsigned)stack_size,
+                           (unsigned (__stdcall *)(void*)) java_start,
+                           thread,
+                           CREATE_SUSPENDED,
+                           &thread_id);
+  }
+  if (thread_handle == NULL) {
+    // Need to clean up stuff we've allocated so far
+    CloseHandle(osthread->interrupt_event());
+    thread->set_osthread(NULL);
+    delete osthread;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  Atomic::inc_ptr((intptr_t*)&os::win32::_os_thread_count);
+
+  // Store info on the Win32 thread into the OSThread
+  osthread->set_thread_handle(thread_handle);
+  osthread->set_thread_id(thread_id);
+
+  // Initial thread state is INITIALIZED, not SUSPENDED
+  osthread->set_state(INITIALIZED);
+
+  // The thread is returned suspended (in state INITIALIZED), and is started higher up in the call chain
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+// Free Win32 resources related to the OSThread
+void os::free_thread(OSThread* osthread) {
+  assert(osthread != NULL, "osthread not set");
+  CloseHandle(osthread->thread_handle());
+  CloseHandle(osthread->interrupt_event());
+  delete osthread;
+}
+
+
+static int    has_performance_count = 0;
+static jlong first_filetime;
+static jlong initial_performance_count;
+static jlong performance_frequency;
+
+
+jlong as_long(LARGE_INTEGER x) {
+  jlong result = 0; // initialization to avoid warning
+  set_high(&result, x.HighPart);
+  set_low(&result,  x.LowPart);
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+jlong os::elapsed_counter() {
+  LARGE_INTEGER count;
+  if (has_performance_count) {
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(&count);
+    return as_long(count) - initial_performance_count;
+  } else {
+    FILETIME wt;
+    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
+    return (jlong_from(wt.dwHighDateTime, wt.dwLowDateTime) - first_filetime);
+  }
+}
+
+
+jlong os::elapsed_frequency() {
+  if (has_performance_count) {
+    return performance_frequency;
+  } else {
+   // the FILETIME time is the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since January 1,1601.
+   return 10000000;
+  }
+}
+
+
+julong os::available_memory() {
+  return win32::available_memory();
+}
+
+julong os::win32::available_memory() {
+  // FIXME: GlobalMemoryStatus() may return incorrect value if total memory
+  // is larger than 4GB
+  MEMORYSTATUS ms;
+  GlobalMemoryStatus(&ms);
+
+  return (julong)ms.dwAvailPhys;
+}
+
+julong os::physical_memory() {
+  return win32::physical_memory();
+}
+
+julong os::allocatable_physical_memory(julong size) {
+  return MIN2(size, (julong)1400*M);
+}
+
+// VC6 lacks DWORD_PTR
+#if _MSC_VER < 1300
+typedef UINT_PTR DWORD_PTR;
+#endif
+
+int os::active_processor_count() {
+  DWORD_PTR lpProcessAffinityMask = 0;
+  DWORD_PTR lpSystemAffinityMask = 0;
+  int proc_count = processor_count();
+  if (proc_count <= sizeof(UINT_PTR) * BitsPerByte &&
+      GetProcessAffinityMask(GetCurrentProcess(), &lpProcessAffinityMask, &lpSystemAffinityMask)) {
+    // Nof active processors is number of bits in process affinity mask
+    int bitcount = 0;
+    while (lpProcessAffinityMask != 0) {
+      lpProcessAffinityMask = lpProcessAffinityMask & (lpProcessAffinityMask-1);
+      bitcount++;
+    }
+    return bitcount;
+  } else {
+    return proc_count;
+  }
+}
+
+bool os::distribute_processes(uint length, uint* distribution) {
+  // Not yet implemented.
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool os::bind_to_processor(uint processor_id) {
+  // Not yet implemented.
+  return false;
+}
+
+static void initialize_performance_counter() {
+  LARGE_INTEGER count;
+  if (QueryPerformanceFrequency(&count)) {
+    has_performance_count = 1;
+    performance_frequency = as_long(count);
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(&count);
+    initial_performance_count = as_long(count);
+  } else {
+    has_performance_count = 0;
+    FILETIME wt;
+    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
+    first_filetime = jlong_from(wt.dwHighDateTime, wt.dwLowDateTime);
+  }
+}
+
+
+double os::elapsedTime() {
+  return (double) elapsed_counter() / (double) elapsed_frequency();
+}
+
+
+// Windows format:
+//   The FILETIME structure is a 64-bit value representing the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since January 1, 1601.
+// Java format:
+//   Java standards require the number of milliseconds since 1/1/1970
+
+// Constant offset - calculated using offset()
+static jlong  _offset   = 116444736000000000;
+// Fake time counter for reproducible results when debugging
+static jlong  fake_time = 0;
+
+#ifdef ASSERT
+// Just to be safe, recalculate the offset in debug mode
+static jlong _calculated_offset = 0;
+static int   _has_calculated_offset = 0;
+
+jlong offset() {
+  if (_has_calculated_offset) return _calculated_offset;
+  SYSTEMTIME java_origin;
+  java_origin.wYear          = 1970;
+  java_origin.wMonth         = 1;
+  java_origin.wDayOfWeek     = 0; // ignored
+  java_origin.wDay           = 1;
+  java_origin.wHour          = 0;
+  java_origin.wMinute        = 0;
+  java_origin.wSecond        = 0;
+  java_origin.wMilliseconds  = 0;
+  FILETIME jot;
+  if (!SystemTimeToFileTime(&java_origin, &jot)) {
+    fatal1("Error = %d\nWindows error", GetLastError());
+  }
+  _calculated_offset = jlong_from(jot.dwHighDateTime, jot.dwLowDateTime);
+  _has_calculated_offset = 1;
+  assert(_calculated_offset == _offset, "Calculated and constant time offsets must be equal");
+  return _calculated_offset;
+}
+#else
+jlong offset() {
+  return _offset;
+}
+#endif
+
+jlong windows_to_java_time(FILETIME wt) {
+  jlong a = jlong_from(wt.dwHighDateTime, wt.dwLowDateTime);
+  return (a - offset()) / 10000;
+}
+
+FILETIME java_to_windows_time(jlong l) {
+  jlong a = (l * 10000) + offset();
+  FILETIME result;
+  result.dwHighDateTime = high(a);
+  result.dwLowDateTime  = low(a);
+  return result;
+}
+
+jlong os::timeofday() {
+  FILETIME wt;
+  GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
+  return windows_to_java_time(wt);
+}
+
+
+// Must return millis since Jan 1 1970 for JVM_CurrentTimeMillis
+// _use_global_time is only set if CacheTimeMillis is true
+jlong os::javaTimeMillis() {
+  if (UseFakeTimers) {
+    return fake_time++;
+  } else {
+    return (_use_global_time ? read_global_time() : timeofday());
+  }
+}
+
+#define NANOS_PER_SEC         CONST64(1000000000)
+#define NANOS_PER_MILLISEC    1000000
+jlong os::javaTimeNanos() {
+  if (!has_performance_count) {
+    return javaTimeMillis() * NANOS_PER_MILLISEC; // the best we can do.
+  } else {
+    LARGE_INTEGER current_count;
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(&current_count);
+    double current = as_long(current_count);
+    double freq = performance_frequency;
+    jlong time = (jlong)((current/freq) * NANOS_PER_SEC);
+    return time;
+  }
+}
+
+void os::javaTimeNanos_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+  if (!has_performance_count) {
+    // javaTimeMillis() doesn't have much percision,
+    // but it is not going to wrap -- so all 64 bits
+    info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
+
+    // this is a wall clock timer, so may skip
+    info_ptr->may_skip_backward = true;
+    info_ptr->may_skip_forward = true;
+  } else {
+    jlong freq = performance_frequency;
+    if (freq < NANOS_PER_SEC) {
+      // the performance counter is 64 bits and we will
+      // be multiplying it -- so no wrap in 64 bits
+      info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
+    } else if (freq > NANOS_PER_SEC) {
+      // use the max value the counter can reach to
+      // determine the max value which could be returned
+      julong max_counter = (julong)ALL_64_BITS;
+      info_ptr->max_value = (jlong)(max_counter / (freq / NANOS_PER_SEC));
+    } else {
+      // the performance counter is 64 bits and we will
+      // be using it directly -- so no wrap in 64 bits
+      info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
+    }
+
+    // using a counter, so no skipping
+    info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;
+    info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;
+  }
+  info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_ELAPSED;                // elapsed not CPU time
+}
+
+char* os::local_time_string(char *buf, size_t buflen) {
+  SYSTEMTIME st;
+  GetLocalTime(&st);
+  jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d",
+               st.wYear, st.wMonth, st.wDay, st.wHour, st.wMinute, st.wSecond);
+  return buf;
+}
+
+bool os::getTimesSecs(double* process_real_time,
+                     double* process_user_time,
+                     double* process_system_time) {
+  HANDLE h_process = GetCurrentProcess();
+  FILETIME create_time, exit_time, kernel_time, user_time;
+  BOOL result = GetProcessTimes(h_process,
+                               &create_time,
+                               &exit_time,
+                               &kernel_time,
+                               &user_time);
+  if (result != 0) {
+    FILETIME wt;
+    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
+    jlong rtc_millis = windows_to_java_time(wt);
+    jlong user_millis = windows_to_java_time(user_time);
+    jlong system_millis = windows_to_java_time(kernel_time);
+    *process_real_time = ((double) rtc_millis) / ((double) MILLIUNITS);
+    *process_user_time = ((double) user_millis) / ((double) MILLIUNITS);
+    *process_system_time = ((double) system_millis) / ((double) MILLIUNITS);
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+void os::shutdown() {
+
+  // allow PerfMemory to attempt cleanup of any persistent resources
+  perfMemory_exit();
+
+  // flush buffered output, finish log files
+  ostream_abort();
+
+  // Check for abort hook
+  abort_hook_t abort_hook = Arguments::abort_hook();
+  if (abort_hook != NULL) {
+    abort_hook();
+  }
+}
+
+void os::abort(bool dump_core)
+{
+  os::shutdown();
+  // no core dump on Windows
+  ::exit(1);
+}
+
+// Die immediately, no exit hook, no abort hook, no cleanup.
+void os::die() {
+  _exit(-1);
+}
+
+// Directory routines copied from src/win32/native/java/io/dirent_md.c
+//  * dirent_md.c       1.15 00/02/02
+//
+// The declarations for DIR and struct dirent are in jvm_win32.h.
+
+/* Caller must have already run dirname through JVM_NativePath, which removes
+   duplicate slashes and converts all instances of '/' into '\\'. */
+
+DIR *
+os::opendir(const char *dirname)
+{
+    assert(dirname != NULL, "just checking");   // hotspot change
+    DIR *dirp = (DIR *)malloc(sizeof(DIR));
+    DWORD fattr;                                // hotspot change
+    char alt_dirname[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+
+    if (dirp == 0) {
+        errno = ENOMEM;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Win32 accepts "\" in its POSIX stat(), but refuses to treat it
+     * as a directory in FindFirstFile().  We detect this case here and
+     * prepend the current drive name.
+     */
+    if (dirname[1] == '\0' && dirname[0] == '\\') {
+        alt_dirname[0] = _getdrive() + 'A' - 1;
+        alt_dirname[1] = ':';
+        alt_dirname[2] = '\\';
+        alt_dirname[3] = '\0';
+        dirname = alt_dirname;
+    }
+
+    dirp->path = (char *)malloc(strlen(dirname) + 5);
+    if (dirp->path == 0) {
+        free(dirp);
+        errno = ENOMEM;
+        return 0;
+    }
+    strcpy(dirp->path, dirname);
+
+    fattr = GetFileAttributes(dirp->path);
+    if (fattr == 0xffffffff) {
+        free(dirp->path);
+        free(dirp);
+        errno = ENOENT;
+        return 0;
+    } else if ((fattr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) == 0) {
+        free(dirp->path);
+        free(dirp);
+        errno = ENOTDIR;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Append "*.*", or possibly "\\*.*", to path */
+    if (dirp->path[1] == ':'
+        && (dirp->path[2] == '\0'
+            || (dirp->path[2] == '\\' && dirp->path[3] == '\0'))) {
+        /* No '\\' needed for cases like "Z:" or "Z:\" */
+        strcat(dirp->path, "*.*");
+    } else {
+        strcat(dirp->path, "\\*.*");
+    }
+
+    dirp->handle = FindFirstFile(dirp->path, &dirp->find_data);
+    if (dirp->handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        if (GetLastError() != ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
+            free(dirp->path);
+            free(dirp);
+            errno = EACCES;
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return dirp;
+}
+
+/* parameter dbuf unused on Windows */
+
+struct dirent *
+os::readdir(DIR *dirp, dirent *dbuf)
+{
+    assert(dirp != NULL, "just checking");      // hotspot change
+    if (dirp->handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    strcpy(dirp->dirent.d_name, dirp->find_data.cFileName);
+
+    if (!FindNextFile(dirp->handle, &dirp->find_data)) {
+        if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE) {
+            errno = EBADF;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        FindClose(dirp->handle);
+        dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    return &dirp->dirent;
+}
+
+int
+os::closedir(DIR *dirp)
+{
+    assert(dirp != NULL, "just checking");      // hotspot change
+    if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        if (!FindClose(dirp->handle)) {
+            errno = EBADF;
+            return -1;
+        }
+        dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    }
+    free(dirp->path);
+    free(dirp);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+const char* os::dll_file_extension() { return ".dll"; }
+
+const char * os::get_temp_directory()
+{
+    static char path_buf[MAX_PATH];
+    if (GetTempPath(MAX_PATH, path_buf)>0)
+      return path_buf;
+    else{
+      path_buf[0]='\0';
+      return path_buf;
+    }
+}
+
+// Needs to be in os specific directory because windows requires another
+// header file <direct.h>
+const char* os::get_current_directory(char *buf, int buflen) {
+  return _getcwd(buf, buflen);
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------
+// Helper functions for fatal error handler
+
+// The following library functions are resolved dynamically at runtime:
+
+// PSAPI functions, for Windows NT, 2000, XP
+
+// psapi.h doesn't come with Visual Studio 6; it can be downloaded as Platform
+// SDK from Microsoft.  Here are the definitions copied from psapi.h
+typedef struct _MODULEINFO {
+    LPVOID lpBaseOfDll;
+    DWORD SizeOfImage;
+    LPVOID EntryPoint;
+} MODULEINFO, *LPMODULEINFO;
+
+static BOOL  (WINAPI *_EnumProcessModules)  ( HANDLE, HMODULE *, DWORD, LPDWORD );
+static DWORD (WINAPI *_GetModuleFileNameEx) ( HANDLE, HMODULE, LPTSTR, DWORD );
+static BOOL  (WINAPI *_GetModuleInformation)( HANDLE, HMODULE, LPMODULEINFO, DWORD );
+
+// ToolHelp Functions, for Windows 95, 98 and ME
+
+static HANDLE(WINAPI *_CreateToolhelp32Snapshot)(DWORD,DWORD) ;
+static BOOL  (WINAPI *_Module32First)           (HANDLE,LPMODULEENTRY32) ;
+static BOOL  (WINAPI *_Module32Next)            (HANDLE,LPMODULEENTRY32) ;
+
+bool _has_psapi;
+bool _psapi_init = false;
+bool _has_toolhelp;
+
+static bool _init_psapi() {
+  HINSTANCE psapi = LoadLibrary( "PSAPI.DLL" ) ;
+  if( psapi == NULL ) return false ;
+
+  _EnumProcessModules = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      BOOL(WINAPI *)(HANDLE, HMODULE *, DWORD, LPDWORD),
+      GetProcAddress(psapi, "EnumProcessModules")) ;
+  _GetModuleFileNameEx = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      DWORD (WINAPI *)(HANDLE, HMODULE, LPTSTR, DWORD),
+      GetProcAddress(psapi, "GetModuleFileNameExA"));
+  _GetModuleInformation = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      BOOL (WINAPI *)(HANDLE, HMODULE, LPMODULEINFO, DWORD),
+      GetProcAddress(psapi, "GetModuleInformation"));
+
+  _has_psapi = (_EnumProcessModules && _GetModuleFileNameEx && _GetModuleInformation);
+  _psapi_init = true;
+  return _has_psapi;
+}
+
+static bool _init_toolhelp() {
+  HINSTANCE kernel32 = LoadLibrary("Kernel32.DLL") ;
+  if (kernel32 == NULL) return false ;
+
+  _CreateToolhelp32Snapshot = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      HANDLE(WINAPI *)(DWORD,DWORD),
+      GetProcAddress(kernel32, "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot"));
+  _Module32First = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      BOOL(WINAPI *)(HANDLE,LPMODULEENTRY32),
+      GetProcAddress(kernel32, "Module32First" ));
+  _Module32Next = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(
+      BOOL(WINAPI *)(HANDLE,LPMODULEENTRY32),
+      GetProcAddress(kernel32, "Module32Next" ));
+
+  _has_toolhelp = (_CreateToolhelp32Snapshot && _Module32First && _Module32Next);
+  return _has_toolhelp;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN64
+// Helper routine which returns true if address in
+// within the NTDLL address space.
+//
+static bool _addr_in_ntdll( address addr )
+{
+  HMODULE hmod;
+  MODULEINFO minfo;
+
+  hmod = GetModuleHandle("NTDLL.DLL");
+  if ( hmod == NULL ) return false;
+  if ( !_GetModuleInformation( GetCurrentProcess(), hmod,
+                               &minfo, sizeof(MODULEINFO)) )
+    return false;
+
+  if ( (addr >= minfo.lpBaseOfDll) &&
+       (addr < (address)((uintptr_t)minfo.lpBaseOfDll + (uintptr_t)minfo.SizeOfImage)))
+    return true;
+  else
+    return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+// Enumerate all modules for a given process ID
+//
+// Notice that Windows 95/98/Me and Windows NT/2000/XP have
+// different API for doing this. We use PSAPI.DLL on NT based
+// Windows and ToolHelp on 95/98/Me.
+
+// Callback function that is called by enumerate_modules() on
+// every DLL module.
+// Input parameters:
+//    int       pid,
+//    char*     module_file_name,
+//    address   module_base_addr,
+//    unsigned  module_size,
+//    void*     param
+typedef int (*EnumModulesCallbackFunc)(int, char *, address, unsigned, void *);
+
+// enumerate_modules for Windows NT, using PSAPI
+static int _enumerate_modules_winnt( int pid, EnumModulesCallbackFunc func, void * param)
+{
+  HANDLE   hProcess ;
+
+# define MAX_NUM_MODULES 128
+  HMODULE     modules[MAX_NUM_MODULES];
+  static char filename[ MAX_PATH ];
+  int         result = 0;
+
+  if (!_has_psapi && (_psapi_init || !_init_psapi())) return 0;
+
+  hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_READ,
+                         FALSE, pid ) ;
+  if (hProcess == NULL) return 0;
+
+  DWORD size_needed;
+  if (!_EnumProcessModules(hProcess, modules,
+                           sizeof(modules), &size_needed)) {
+      CloseHandle( hProcess );
+      return 0;
+  }
+
+  // number of modules that are currently loaded
+  int num_modules = size_needed / sizeof(HMODULE);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < MIN2(num_modules, MAX_NUM_MODULES); i++) {
+    // Get Full pathname:
+    if(!_GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, modules[i],
+                             filename, sizeof(filename))) {
+        filename[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    MODULEINFO modinfo;
+    if (!_GetModuleInformation(hProcess, modules[i],
+                               &modinfo, sizeof(modinfo))) {
+        modinfo.lpBaseOfDll = NULL;
+        modinfo.SizeOfImage = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Invoke callback function
+    result = func(pid, filename, (address)modinfo.lpBaseOfDll,
+                  modinfo.SizeOfImage, param);
+    if (result) break;
+  }
+
+  CloseHandle( hProcess ) ;
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+// enumerate_modules for Windows 95/98/ME, using TOOLHELP
+static int _enumerate_modules_windows( int pid, EnumModulesCallbackFunc func, void *param)
+{
+  HANDLE                hSnapShot ;
+  static MODULEENTRY32  modentry ;
+  int                   result = 0;
+
+  if (!_has_toolhelp) return 0;
+
+  // Get a handle to a Toolhelp snapshot of the system
+  hSnapShot = _CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, pid ) ;
+  if( hSnapShot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) {
+      return FALSE ;
+  }
+
+  // iterate through all modules
+  modentry.dwSize = sizeof(MODULEENTRY32) ;
+  bool not_done = _Module32First( hSnapShot, &modentry ) != 0;
+
+  while( not_done ) {
+    // invoke the callback
+    result=func(pid, modentry.szExePath, (address)modentry.modBaseAddr,
+                modentry.modBaseSize, param);
+    if (result) break;
+
+    modentry.dwSize = sizeof(MODULEENTRY32) ;
+    not_done = _Module32Next( hSnapShot, &modentry ) != 0;
+  }
+
+  CloseHandle(hSnapShot);
+  return result;
+}
+
+int enumerate_modules( int pid, EnumModulesCallbackFunc func, void * param )
+{
+  // Get current process ID if caller doesn't provide it.
+  if (!pid) pid = os::current_process_id();
+
+  if (os::win32::is_nt()) return _enumerate_modules_winnt  (pid, func, param);
+  else                    return _enumerate_modules_windows(pid, func, param);
+}
+
+struct _modinfo {
+   address addr;
+   char*   full_path;   // point to a char buffer
+   int     buflen;      // size of the buffer
+   address base_addr;
+};
+
+static int _locate_module_by_addr(int pid, char * mod_fname, address base_addr,
+                                  unsigned size, void * param) {
+   struct _modinfo *pmod = (struct _modinfo *)param;
+   if (!pmod) return -1;
+
+   if (base_addr     <= pmod->addr &&
+       base_addr+size > pmod->addr) {
+     // if a buffer is provided, copy path name to the buffer
+     if (pmod->full_path) {
+       jio_snprintf(pmod->full_path, pmod->buflen, "%s", mod_fname);
+     }
+     pmod->base_addr = base_addr;
+     return 1;
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+bool os::dll_address_to_library_name(address addr, char* buf,
+                                     int buflen, int* offset) {
+// NOTE: the reason we don't use SymGetModuleInfo() is it doesn't always
+//       return the full path to the DLL file, sometimes it returns path
+//       to the corresponding PDB file (debug info); sometimes it only
+//       returns partial path, which makes life painful.
+
+   struct _modinfo mi;
+   mi.addr      = addr;
+   mi.full_path = buf;
+   mi.buflen    = buflen;
+   int pid = os::current_process_id();
+   if (enumerate_modules(pid, _locate_module_by_addr, (void *)&mi)) {
+      // buf already contains path name
+      if (offset) *offset = addr - mi.base_addr;
+      return true;
+   } else {
+      if (buf) buf[0] = '\0';
+      if (offset) *offset = -1;
+      return false;
+   }
+}
+
+bool os::dll_address_to_function_name(address addr, char *buf,
+                                      int buflen, int *offset) {
+  // Unimplemented on Windows - in order to use SymGetSymFromAddr(),
+  // we need to initialize imagehlp/dbghelp, then load symbol table
+  // for every module. That's too much work to do after a fatal error.
+  // For an example on how to implement this function, see 1.4.2.
+  if (offset)  *offset  = -1;
+  if (buf) buf[0] = '\0';
+  return false;
+}
+
+// save the start and end address of jvm.dll into param[0] and param[1]
+static int _locate_jvm_dll(int pid, char* mod_fname, address base_addr,
+                    unsigned size, void * param) {
+   if (!param) return -1;
+
+   if (base_addr     <= (address)_locate_jvm_dll &&
+       base_addr+size > (address)_locate_jvm_dll) {
+         ((address*)param)[0] = base_addr;
+         ((address*)param)[1] = base_addr + size;
+         return 1;
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+address vm_lib_location[2];    // start and end address of jvm.dll
+
+// check if addr is inside jvm.dll
+bool os::address_is_in_vm(address addr) {
+  if (!vm_lib_location[0] || !vm_lib_location[1]) {
+    int pid = os::current_process_id();
+    if (!enumerate_modules(pid, _locate_jvm_dll, (void *)vm_lib_location)) {
+      assert(false, "Can't find jvm module.");
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (vm_lib_location[0] <= addr) && (addr < vm_lib_location[1]);
+}
+
+// print module info; param is outputStream*
+static int _print_module(int pid, char* fname, address base,
+                         unsigned size, void* param) {
+   if (!param) return -1;
+
+   outputStream* st = (outputStream*)param;
+
+   address end_addr = base + size;
+   st->print(PTR_FORMAT " - " PTR_FORMAT " \t%s\n", base, end_addr, fname);
+   return 0;
+}
+
+// Loads .dll/.so and
+// in case of error it checks if .dll/.so was built for the
+// same architecture as Hotspot is running on
+void * os::dll_load(const char *name, char *ebuf, int ebuflen)
+{
+  void * result = LoadLibrary(name);
+  if (result != NULL)
+  {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  long errcode = GetLastError();
+  if (errcode == ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND) {
+    strncpy(ebuf, "Can't find dependent libraries", ebuflen-1);
+    ebuf[ebuflen-1]='\0';
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  // Parsing dll below
+  // If we can read dll-info and find that dll was built
+  // for an architecture other than Hotspot is running in
+  // - then print to buffer "DLL was built for a different architecture"
+  // else call getLastErrorString to obtain system error message
+
+  // Read system error message into ebuf
+  // It may or may not be overwritten below (in the for loop and just above)
+  getLastErrorString(ebuf, (size_t) ebuflen);
+  ebuf[ebuflen-1]='\0';
+  int file_descriptor=::open(name, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY, 0);
+  if (file_descriptor<0)
+  {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  uint32_t signature_offset;
+  uint16_t lib_arch=0;
+  bool failed_to_get_lib_arch=
+  (
+    //Go to position 3c in the dll
+    (os::seek_to_file_offset(file_descriptor,IMAGE_FILE_PTR_TO_SIGNATURE)<0)
+    ||
+    // Read loacation of signature
+    (sizeof(signature_offset)!=
+      (os::read(file_descriptor, (void*)&signature_offset,sizeof(signature_offset))))
+    ||
+    //Go to COFF File Header in dll
+    //that is located after"signature" (4 bytes long)
+    (os::seek_to_file_offset(file_descriptor,
+      signature_offset+IMAGE_FILE_SIGNATURE_LENGTH)<0)
+    ||
+    //Read field that contains code of architecture
+    // that dll was build for
+    (sizeof(lib_arch)!=
+      (os::read(file_descriptor, (void*)&lib_arch,sizeof(lib_arch))))
+  );
+
+  ::close(file_descriptor);
+  if (failed_to_get_lib_arch)
+  {
+    // file i/o error - report getLastErrorString(...) msg
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  typedef struct
+  {
+    uint16_t arch_code;
+    char* arch_name;
+  } arch_t;
+
+  static const arch_t arch_array[]={
+    {IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386,      (char*)"IA 32"},
+    {IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64,     (char*)"AMD 64"},
+    {IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_IA64,      (char*)"IA 64"}
+  };
+  #if   (defined _M_IA64)
+    static const uint16_t running_arch=IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_IA64;
+  #elif (defined _M_AMD64)
+    static const uint16_t running_arch=IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64;
+  #elif (defined _M_IX86)
+    static const uint16_t running_arch=IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386;
+  #else
+    #error Method os::dll_load requires that one of following \
+           is defined :_M_IA64,_M_AMD64 or _M_IX86
+  #endif
+
+
+  // Obtain a string for printf operation
+  // lib_arch_str shall contain string what platform this .dll was built for
+  // running_arch_str shall string contain what platform Hotspot was built for
+  char *running_arch_str=NULL,*lib_arch_str=NULL;
+  for (unsigned int i=0;i<ARRAY_SIZE(arch_array);i++)
+  {
+    if (lib_arch==arch_array[i].arch_code)
+      lib_arch_str=arch_array[i].arch_name;
+    if (running_arch==arch_array[i].arch_code)
+      running_arch_str=arch_array[i].arch_name;
+  }
+
+  assert(running_arch_str,
+    "Didn't find runing architecture code in arch_array");
+
+  // If the architure is right
+  // but some other error took place - report getLastErrorString(...) msg
+  if (lib_arch == running_arch)
+  {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (lib_arch_str!=NULL)
+  {
+    ::_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen-1,
+      "Can't load %s-bit .dll on a %s-bit platform",
+      lib_arch_str,running_arch_str);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    // don't know what architecture this dll was build for
+    ::_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen-1,
+      "Can't load this .dll (machine code=0x%x) on a %s-bit platform",
+      lib_arch,running_arch_str);
+  }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+void os::print_dll_info(outputStream *st) {
+   int pid = os::current_process_id();
+   st->print_cr("Dynamic libraries:");
+   enumerate_modules(pid, _print_module, (void *)st);
+}
+
+void os::print_os_info(outputStream* st) {
+   st->print("OS:");
+
+   OSVERSIONINFOEX osvi;
+   ZeroMemory(&osvi, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX));
+   osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX);
+
+   if (!GetVersionEx((OSVERSIONINFO *)&osvi)) {
+      st->print_cr("N/A");
+      return;
+   }
+
+   int os_vers = osvi.dwMajorVersion * 1000 + osvi.dwMinorVersion;
+
+   if (osvi.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT) {
+     switch (os_vers) {
+       case 3051: st->print(" Windows NT 3.51"); break;
+       case 4000: st->print(" Windows NT 4.0"); break;
+       case 5000: st->print(" Windows 2000"); break;
+       case 5001: st->print(" Windows XP"); break;
+       case 5002: st->print(" Windows Server 2003 family"); break;
+       case 6000: st->print(" Windows Vista"); break;
+       default: // future windows, print out its major and minor versions
+                st->print(" Windows NT %d.%d", osvi.dwMajorVersion, osvi.dwMinorVersion);
+     }
+   } else {
+     switch (os_vers) {
+       case 4000: st->print(" Windows 95"); break;
+       case 4010: st->print(" Windows 98"); break;
+       case 4090: st->print(" Windows Me"); break;
+       default: // future windows, print out its major and minor versions
+                st->print(" Windows %d.%d", osvi.dwMajorVersion, osvi.dwMinorVersion);
+     }
+   }
+
+   st->print(" Build %d", osvi.dwBuildNumber);
+   st->print(" %s", osvi.szCSDVersion);           // service pack
+   st->cr();
+}
+
+void os::print_memory_info(outputStream* st) {
+  st->print("Memory:");
+  st->print(" %dk page", os::vm_page_size()>>10);
+
+  // FIXME: GlobalMemoryStatus() may return incorrect value if total memory
+  // is larger than 4GB
+  MEMORYSTATUS ms;
+  GlobalMemoryStatus(&ms);
+
+  st->print(", physical %uk", os::physical_memory() >> 10);
+  st->print("(%uk free)", os::available_memory() >> 10);
+
+  st->print(", swap %uk", ms.dwTotalPageFile >> 10);
+  st->print("(%uk free)", ms.dwAvailPageFile >> 10);
+  st->cr();
+}
+
+void os::print_siginfo(outputStream *st, void *siginfo) {
+  EXCEPTION_RECORD* er = (EXCEPTION_RECORD*)siginfo;
+  st->print("siginfo:");
+  st->print(" ExceptionCode=0x%x", er->ExceptionCode);
+
+  if (er->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION &&
+      er->NumberParameters >= 2) {
+      switch (er->ExceptionInformation[0]) {
+      case 0: st->print(", reading address"); break;
+      case 1: st->print(", writing address"); break;
+      default: st->print(", ExceptionInformation=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
+                            er->ExceptionInformation[0]);
+      }
+      st->print(" " INTPTR_FORMAT, er->ExceptionInformation[1]);
+  } else if (er->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR &&
+             er->NumberParameters >= 2 && UseSharedSpaces) {
+    FileMapInfo* mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
+    if (mapinfo->is_in_shared_space((void*)er->ExceptionInformation[1])) {
+      st->print("\n\nError accessing class data sharing archive."       \
+                " Mapped file inaccessible during execution, "          \
+                " possible disk/network problem.");
+    }
+  } else {
+    int num = er->NumberParameters;
+    if (num > 0) {
+      st->print(", ExceptionInformation=");
+      for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+        st->print(INTPTR_FORMAT " ", er->ExceptionInformation[i]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  st->cr();
+}
+
+void os::print_signal_handlers(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
+  // do nothing
+}
+
+static char saved_jvm_path[MAX_PATH] = {0};
+
+// Find the full path to the current module, jvm.dll or jvm_g.dll
+void os::jvm_path(char *buf, jint buflen) {
+  // Error checking.
+  if (buflen < MAX_PATH) {
+    assert(false, "must use a large-enough buffer");
+    buf[0] = '\0';
+    return;
+  }
+  // Lazy resolve the path to current module.
+  if (saved_jvm_path[0] != 0) {
+    strcpy(buf, saved_jvm_path);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  GetModuleFileName(vm_lib_handle, buf, buflen);
+  strcpy(saved_jvm_path, buf);
+}
+
+
+void os::print_jni_name_prefix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  st->print("_");
+#endif
+}
+
+
+void os::print_jni_name_suffix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  st->print("@%d", args_size  * sizeof(int));
+#endif
+}
+
+// sun.misc.Signal
+// NOTE that this is a workaround for an apparent kernel bug where if
+// a signal handler for SIGBREAK is installed then that signal handler
+// takes priority over the console control handler for CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT.
+// See bug 4416763.
+static void (*sigbreakHandler)(int) = NULL;
+
+static void UserHandler(int sig, void *siginfo, void *context) {
+  os::signal_notify(sig);
+  // We need to reinstate the signal handler each time...
+  os::signal(sig, (void*)UserHandler);
+}
+
+void* os::user_handler() {
+  return (void*) UserHandler;
+}
+
+void* os::signal(int signal_number, void* handler) {
+  if ((signal_number == SIGBREAK) && (!ReduceSignalUsage)) {
+    void (*oldHandler)(int) = sigbreakHandler;
+    sigbreakHandler = (void (*)(int)) handler;
+    return (void*) oldHandler;
+  } else {
+    return (void*)::signal(signal_number, (void (*)(int))handler);
+  }
+}
+
+void os::signal_raise(int signal_number) {
+  raise(signal_number);
+}
+
+// The Win32 C runtime library maps all console control events other than ^C
+// into SIGBREAK, which makes it impossible to distinguish ^BREAK from close,
+// logoff, and shutdown events.  We therefore install our own console handler
+// that raises SIGTERM for the latter cases.
+//
+static BOOL WINAPI consoleHandler(DWORD event) {
+  switch(event) {
+    case CTRL_C_EVENT:
+      if (is_error_reported()) {
+        // Ctrl-C is pressed during error reporting, likely because the error
+        // handler fails to abort. Let VM die immediately.
+        os::die();
+      }
+
+      os::signal_raise(SIGINT);
+      return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case CTRL_BREAK_EVENT:
+      if (sigbreakHandler != NULL) {
+        (*sigbreakHandler)(SIGBREAK);
+      }
+      return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT:
+    case CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT:
+    case CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT:
+      os::signal_raise(SIGTERM);
+      return TRUE;
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The following code is moved from os.cpp for making this
+ * code platform specific, which it is by its very nature.
+ */
+
+// Return maximum OS signal used + 1 for internal use only
+// Used as exit signal for signal_thread
+int os::sigexitnum_pd(){
+  return NSIG;
+}
+
+// a counter for each possible signal value, including signal_thread exit signal
+static volatile jint pending_signals[NSIG+1] = { 0 };
+static HANDLE sig_sem;
+
+void os::signal_init_pd() {
+  // Initialize signal structures
+  memset((void*)pending_signals, 0, sizeof(pending_signals));
+
+  sig_sem = ::CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, NSIG+1, NULL);
+
+  // Programs embedding the VM do not want it to attempt to receive
+  // events like CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT, which are used to implement the
+  // shutdown hooks mechanism introduced in 1.3.  For example, when
+  // the VM is run as part of a Windows NT service (i.e., a servlet
+  // engine in a web server), the correct behavior is for any console
+  // control handler to return FALSE, not TRUE, because the OS's
+  // "final" handler for such events allows the process to continue if
+  // it is a service (while terminating it if it is not a service).
+  // To make this behavior uniform and the mechanism simpler, we
+  // completely disable the VM's usage of these console events if -Xrs
+  // (=ReduceSignalUsage) is specified.  This means, for example, that
+  // the CTRL-BREAK thread dump mechanism is also disabled in this
+  // case.  See bugs 4323062, 4345157, and related bugs.
+
+  if (!ReduceSignalUsage) {
+    // Add a CTRL-C handler
+    SetConsoleCtrlHandler(consoleHandler, TRUE);
+  }
+}
+
+void os::signal_notify(int signal_number) {
+  BOOL ret;
+
+  Atomic::inc(&pending_signals[signal_number]);
+  ret = ::ReleaseSemaphore(sig_sem, 1, NULL);
+  assert(ret != 0, "ReleaseSemaphore() failed");
+}
+
+static int check_pending_signals(bool wait_for_signal) {
+  DWORD ret;
+  while (true) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < NSIG + 1; i++) {
+      jint n = pending_signals[i];
+      if (n > 0 && n == Atomic::cmpxchg(n - 1, &pending_signals[i], n)) {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!wait_for_signal) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    JavaThread *thread = JavaThread::current();
+
+    ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(thread);
+
+    bool threadIsSuspended;
+    do {
+      thread->set_suspend_equivalent();
+      // cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or java_suspend_self()
+      ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(sig_sem, INFINITE);
+      assert(ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0, "WaitForSingleObject() failed");
+
+      // were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
+      threadIsSuspended = thread->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition();
+      if (threadIsSuspended) {
+        //
+        // The semaphore has been incremented, but while we were waiting
+        // another thread suspended us. We don't want to continue running
+        // while suspended because that would surprise the thread that
+        // suspended us.
+        //
+        ret = ::ReleaseSemaphore(sig_sem, 1, NULL);
+        assert(ret != 0, "ReleaseSemaphore() failed");
+
+        thread->java_suspend_self();
+      }
+    } while (threadIsSuspended);
+  }
+}
+
+int os::signal_lookup() {
+  return check_pending_signals(false);
+}
+
+int os::signal_wait() {
+  return check_pending_signals(true);
+}
+
+// Implicit OS exception handling
+
+LONG Handle_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo, address handler) {
+  JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
+  // Save pc in thread
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+  thread->set_saved_exception_pc((address)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->StIIP);
+  // Set pc to handler
+  exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->StIIP = (DWORD64)handler;
+#elif _M_AMD64
+  thread->set_saved_exception_pc((address)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip);
+  // Set pc to handler
+  exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip = (DWORD64)handler;
+#else
+  thread->set_saved_exception_pc((address)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip);
+  // Set pc to handler
+  exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip = (LONG)handler;
+#endif
+
+  // Continue the execution
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+}
+
+
+// Used for PostMortemDump
+extern "C" void safepoints();
+extern "C" void find(int x);
+extern "C" void events();
+
+// According to Windows API documentation, an illegal instruction sequence should generate
+// the 0xC000001C exception code. However, real world experience shows that occasionnaly
+// the execution of an illegal instruction can generate the exception code 0xC000001E. This
+// seems to be an undocumented feature of Win NT 4.0 (and probably other Windows systems).
+
+#define EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION_2 0xC000001E
+
+// From "Execution Protection in the Windows Operating System" draft 0.35
+// Once a system header becomes available, the "real" define should be
+// included or copied here.
+#define EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION 0x08
+
+#define def_excpt(val) #val, val
+
+struct siglabel {
+  char *name;
+  int   number;
+};
+
+struct siglabel exceptlabels[] = {
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION_2),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_GUARD_PAGE),
+    def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INVALID_HANDLE),
+    NULL, 0
+};
+
+const char* os::exception_name(int exception_code, char *buf, size_t size) {
+  for (int i = 0; exceptlabels[i].name != NULL; i++) {
+    if (exceptlabels[i].number == exception_code) {
+       jio_snprintf(buf, size, "%s", exceptlabels[i].name);
+       return buf;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LONG Handle_IDiv_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
+  // handle exception caused by idiv; should only happen for -MinInt/-1
+  // (division by zero is handled explicitly)
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+  assert(0, "Fix Handle_IDiv_Exception");
+#elif _M_AMD64
+  PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
+  address pc = (address)ctx->Rip;
+  NOT_PRODUCT(Events::log("idiv overflow exception at " INTPTR_FORMAT , pc));
+  assert(pc[0] == 0xF7, "not an idiv opcode");
+  assert((pc[1] & ~0x7) == 0xF8, "cannot handle non-register operands");
+  assert(ctx->Rax == min_jint, "unexpected idiv exception");
+  // set correct result values and continue after idiv instruction
+  ctx->Rip = (DWORD)pc + 2;        // idiv reg, reg  is 2 bytes
+  ctx->Rax = (DWORD)min_jint;      // result
+  ctx->Rdx = (DWORD)0;             // remainder
+  // Continue the execution
+#else
+  PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
+  address pc = (address)ctx->Eip;
+  NOT_PRODUCT(Events::log("idiv overflow exception at " INTPTR_FORMAT , pc));
+  assert(pc[0] == 0xF7, "not an idiv opcode");
+  assert((pc[1] & ~0x7) == 0xF8, "cannot handle non-register operands");
+  assert(ctx->Eax == min_jint, "unexpected idiv exception");
+  // set correct result values and continue after idiv instruction
+  ctx->Eip = (DWORD)pc + 2;        // idiv reg, reg  is 2 bytes
+  ctx->Eax = (DWORD)min_jint;      // result
+  ctx->Edx = (DWORD)0;             // remainder
+  // Continue the execution
+#endif
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+}
+
+#ifndef  _WIN64
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LONG WINAPI Handle_FLT_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
+  // handle exception caused by native mothod modifying control word
+  PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
+  DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
+
+  switch (exception_code) {
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK:
+    case EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW:
+      jint fp_control_word = (* (jint*) StubRoutines::addr_fpu_cntrl_wrd_std());
+      if (fp_control_word != ctx->FloatSave.ControlWord) {
+        // Restore FPCW and mask out FLT exceptions
+        ctx->FloatSave.ControlWord = fp_control_word | 0xffffffc0;
+        // Mask out pending FLT exceptions
+        ctx->FloatSave.StatusWord &=  0xffffff00;
+        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+      }
+  }
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+#else //_WIN64
+/*
+  On Windows, the mxcsr control bits are non-volatile across calls
+  See also CR 6192333
+  If EXCEPTION_FLT_* happened after some native method modified
+  mxcsr - it is not a jvm fault.
+  However should we decide to restore of mxcsr after a faulty
+  native method we can uncomment following code
+      jint MxCsr = INITIAL_MXCSR;
+        // we can't use StubRoutines::addr_mxcsr_std()
+        // because in Win64 mxcsr is not saved there
+      if (MxCsr != ctx->MxCsr) {
+        ctx->MxCsr = MxCsr;
+        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+      }
+
+*/
+#endif //_WIN64
+
+
+// Fatal error reporting is single threaded so we can make this a
+// static and preallocated.  If it's more than MAX_PATH silently ignore
+// it.
+static char saved_error_file[MAX_PATH] = {0};
+
+void os::set_error_file(const char *logfile) {
+  if (strlen(logfile) <= MAX_PATH) {
+    strncpy(saved_error_file, logfile, MAX_PATH);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void report_error(Thread* t, DWORD exception_code,
+                                address addr, void* siginfo, void* context) {
+  VMError err(t, exception_code, addr, siginfo, context);
+  err.report_and_die();
+
+  // If UseOsErrorReporting, this will return here and save the error file
+  // somewhere where we can find it in the minidump.
+}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
+  if (InterceptOSException) return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+  DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+  address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->StIIP;
+#elif _M_AMD64
+  address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip;
+#else
+  address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip;
+#endif
+  Thread* t = ThreadLocalStorage::get_thread_slow();          // slow & steady
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  // Execution protection violation - win32 running on AMD64 only
+  // Handled first to avoid misdiagnosis as a "normal" access violation;
+  // This is safe to do because we have a new/unique ExceptionInformation
+  // code for this condition.
+  if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
+    PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
+    int exception_subcode = (int) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0];
+    address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+
+    if (exception_subcode == EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION) {
+      int page_size = os::vm_page_size();
+
+      // Make sure the pc and the faulting address are sane.
+      //
+      // If an instruction spans a page boundary, and the page containing
+      // the beginning of the instruction is executable but the following
+      // page is not, the pc and the faulting address might be slightly
+      // different - we still want to unguard the 2nd page in this case.
+      //
+      // 15 bytes seems to be a (very) safe value for max instruction size.
+      bool pc_is_near_addr =
+        (pointer_delta((void*) addr, (void*) pc, sizeof(char)) < 15);
+      bool instr_spans_page_boundary =
+        (align_size_down((intptr_t) pc ^ (intptr_t) addr,
+                         (intptr_t) page_size) > 0);
+
+      if (pc == addr || (pc_is_near_addr && instr_spans_page_boundary)) {
+        static volatile address last_addr =
+          (address) os::non_memory_address_word();
+
+        // In conservative mode, don't unguard unless the address is in the VM
+        if (UnguardOnExecutionViolation > 0 && addr != last_addr &&
+            (UnguardOnExecutionViolation > 1 || os::address_is_in_vm(addr))) {
+
+          // Unguard and retry
+          address page_start =
+            (address) align_size_down((intptr_t) addr, (intptr_t) page_size);
+          bool res = os::unguard_memory((char*) page_start, page_size);
+
+          if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+            char buf[256];
+            jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Execution protection violation "
+                         "at " INTPTR_FORMAT
+                         ", unguarding " INTPTR_FORMAT ": %s", addr,
+                         page_start, (res ? "success" : strerror(errno)));
+            tty->print_raw_cr(buf);
+          }
+
+          // Set last_addr so if we fault again at the same address, we don't
+          // end up in an endless loop.
+          //
+          // There are two potential complications here.  Two threads trapping
+          // at the same address at the same time could cause one of the
+          // threads to think it already unguarded, and abort the VM.  Likely
+          // very rare.
+          //
+          // The other race involves two threads alternately trapping at
+          // different addresses and failing to unguard the page, resulting in
+          // an endless loop.  This condition is probably even more unlikely
+          // than the first.
+          //
+          // Although both cases could be avoided by using locks or thread
+          // local last_addr, these solutions are unnecessary complication:
+          // this handler is a best-effort safety net, not a complete solution.
+          // It is disabled by default and should only be used as a workaround
+          // in case we missed any no-execute-unsafe VM code.
+
+          last_addr = addr;
+
+          return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Last unguard failed or not unguarding
+      tty->print_raw_cr("Execution protection violation");
+      report_error(t, exception_code, addr, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                   exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+      return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+    }
+  }
+#endif // _WIN64
+
+  // Check to see if we caught the safepoint code in the
+  // process of write protecting the memory serialization page.
+  // It write enables the page immediately after protecting it
+  // so just return.
+  if ( exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION ) {
+    JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) t;
+    PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
+    address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+    if ( os::is_memory_serialize_page(thread, addr) ) {
+      // Block current thread until the memory serialize page permission restored.
+      os::block_on_serialize_page_trap();
+      return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  if (t != NULL && t->is_Java_thread()) {
+    JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) t;
+    bool in_java = thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_Java;
+
+    // Handle potential stack overflows up front.
+    if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW) {
+      if (os::uses_stack_guard_pages()) {
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+        //
+        // If it's a legal stack address continue, Windows will map it in.
+        //
+        PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
+        address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+        if (addr > thread->stack_yellow_zone_base() && addr < thread->stack_base() )
+          return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+
+        // The register save area is the same size as the memory stack
+        // and starts at the page just above the start of the memory stack.
+        // If we get a fault in this area, we've run out of register
+        // stack.  If we are in java, try throwing a stack overflow exception.
+        if (addr > thread->stack_base() &&
+                      addr <= (thread->stack_base()+thread->stack_size()) ) {
+          char buf[256];
+          jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+                       "Register stack overflow, addr:%p, stack_base:%p\n",
+                       addr, thread->stack_base() );
+          tty->print_raw_cr(buf);
+          // If not in java code, return and hope for the best.
+          return in_java ? Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+            SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW))
+            :  EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+        }
+#endif
+        if (thread->stack_yellow_zone_enabled()) {
+          // Yellow zone violation.  The o/s has unprotected the first yellow
+          // zone page for us.  Note:  must call disable_stack_yellow_zone to
+          // update the enabled status, even if the zone contains only one page.
+          thread->disable_stack_yellow_zone();
+          // If not in java code, return and hope for the best.
+          return in_java ? Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+            SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW))
+            :  EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+        } else {
+          // Fatal red zone violation.
+          thread->disable_stack_red_zone();
+          tty->print_raw_cr("An unrecoverable stack overflow has occurred.");
+          report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                       exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+          return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+        }
+      } else if (in_java) {
+        // JVM-managed guard pages cannot be used on win95/98.  The o/s provides
+        // a one-time-only guard page, which it has released to us.  The next
+        // stack overflow on this thread will result in an ACCESS_VIOLATION.
+        return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+          SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW));
+      } else {
+        // Can only return and hope for the best.  Further stack growth will
+        // result in an ACCESS_VIOLATION.
+        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+      }
+    } else if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
+      // Either stack overflow or null pointer exception.
+      if (in_java) {
+        PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
+        address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+        address stack_end = thread->stack_base() - thread->stack_size();
+        if (addr < stack_end && addr >= stack_end - os::vm_page_size()) {
+          // Stack overflow.
+          assert(!os::uses_stack_guard_pages(),
+            "should be caught by red zone code above.");
+          return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+            SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW));
+        }
+        //
+        // Check for safepoint polling and implicit null
+        // We only expect null pointers in the stubs (vtable)
+        // the rest are checked explicitly now.
+        //
+        CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
+        if (cb != NULL) {
+          if (os::is_poll_address(addr)) {
+            address stub = SharedRuntime::get_poll_stub(pc);
+            return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, stub);
+          }
+        }
+        {
+#ifdef _WIN64
+          //
+          // If it's a legal stack address map the entire region in
+          //
+          PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
+          address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+          if (addr > thread->stack_yellow_zone_base() && addr < thread->stack_base() ) {
+                  addr = (address)((uintptr_t)addr &
+                         (~((uintptr_t)os::vm_page_size() - (uintptr_t)1)));
+                  os::commit_memory( (char *)addr, thread->stack_base() - addr );
+                  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+          }
+          else
+#endif
+          {
+            // Null pointer exception.
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+            // We catch register stack overflows in compiled code by doing
+            // an explicit compare and executing a st8(G0, G0) if the
+            // BSP enters into our guard area.  We test for the overflow
+            // condition and fall into the normal null pointer exception
+            // code if BSP hasn't overflowed.
+            if ( in_java ) {
+              if(thread->register_stack_overflow()) {
+                assert((address)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->IntS3 ==
+                                thread->register_stack_limit(),
+                               "GR7 doesn't contain register_stack_limit");
+                // Disable the yellow zone which sets the state that
+                // we've got a stack overflow problem.
+                if (thread->stack_yellow_zone_enabled()) {
+                  thread->disable_stack_yellow_zone();
+                }
+                // Give us some room to process the exception
+                thread->disable_register_stack_guard();
+                // Update GR7 with the new limit so we can continue running
+                // compiled code.
+                exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->IntS3 =
+                               (ULONGLONG)thread->register_stack_limit();
+                return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+                       SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW));
+              } else {
+                //
+                // Check for implicit null
+                // We only expect null pointers in the stubs (vtable)
+                // the rest are checked explicitly now.
+                //
+                CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
+                if (cb != NULL) {
+                  if (VtableStubs::stub_containing(pc) != NULL) {
+                    if (((uintptr_t)addr) < os::vm_page_size() ) {
+                      // an access to the first page of VM--assume it is a null pointer
+                      return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+                        SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_NULL));
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            } // in_java
+
+            // IA64 doesn't use implicit null checking yet. So we shouldn't
+            // get here.
+            tty->print_raw_cr("Access violation, possible null pointer exception");
+            report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                         exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+            return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+#else /* !IA64 */
+
+            // Windows 98 reports faulting addresses incorrectly
+            if (!MacroAssembler::needs_explicit_null_check((intptr_t)addr) ||
+                !os::win32::is_nt()) {
+              return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
+                  SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_NULL));
+            }
+            report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                         exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+            return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+#endif
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+#ifdef _WIN64
+      // Special care for fast JNI field accessors.
+      // jni_fast_Get<Primitive>Field can trap at certain pc's if a GC kicks
+      // in and the heap gets shrunk before the field access.
+      if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
+        address addr = JNI_FastGetField::find_slowcase_pc(pc);
+        if (addr != (address)-1) {
+          return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, addr);
+        }
+      }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN64
+      // Windows will sometimes generate an access violation
+      // when we call malloc.  Since we use VectoredExceptions
+      // on 64 bit platforms, we see this exception.  We must
+      // pass this exception on so Windows can recover.
+      // We check to see if the pc of the fault is in NTDLL.DLL
+      // if so, we pass control on to Windows for handling.
+      if (UseVectoredExceptions && _addr_in_ntdll(pc)) return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+#endif
+
+      // Stack overflow or null pointer exception in native code.
+      report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                   exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+      return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+    }
+
+    if (in_java) {
+      switch (exception_code) {
+      case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
+        return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO));
+
+      case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
+        return Handle_IDiv_Exception(exceptionInfo);
+
+      } // switch
+    }
+#ifndef _WIN64
+    if ((thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_Java) ||
+        (thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native) )
+    {
+      LONG result=Handle_FLT_Exception(exceptionInfo);
+      if (result==EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION) return result;
+    }
+#endif //_WIN64
+  }
+
+  if (exception_code != EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT) {
+#ifndef _WIN64
+    report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+#else
+    // Itanium Windows uses a VectoredExceptionHandler
+    // Which means that C++ programatic exception handlers (try/except)
+    // will get here.  Continue the search for the right except block if
+    // the exception code is not a fatal code.
+    switch ( exception_code ) {
+      case EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION:
+      case EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW:
+      case EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION:
+      case EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION_2:
+      case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
+      case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
+      {  report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
+                       exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
+      }
+        break;
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+#endif
+  }
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+// Special care for fast JNI accessors.
+// jni_fast_Get<Primitive>Field can trap at certain pc's if a GC kicks in and
+// the heap gets shrunk before the field access.
+// Need to install our own structured exception handler since native code may
+// install its own.
+LONG WINAPI fastJNIAccessorExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
+  DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
+  if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
+    address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip;
+    address addr = JNI_FastGetField::find_slowcase_pc(pc);
+    if (addr != (address)-1) {
+      return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, addr);
+    }
+  }
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(Return,Fieldname,Result) \
+Return JNICALL jni_fast_Get##Result##Field_wrapper(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jfieldID fieldID) { \
+  __try { \
+    return (*JNI_FastGetField::jni_fast_Get##Result##Field_fp)(env, obj, fieldID); \
+  } __except(fastJNIAccessorExceptionFilter((_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)_exception_info())) { \
+  } \
+  return 0; \
+}
+
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jboolean, bool,   Boolean)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jbyte,    byte,   Byte)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jchar,    char,   Char)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jshort,   short,  Short)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jint,     int,    Int)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jlong,    long,   Long)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jfloat,   float,  Float)
+DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jdouble,  double, Double)
+
+address os::win32::fast_jni_accessor_wrapper(BasicType type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case T_BOOLEAN: return (address)jni_fast_GetBooleanField_wrapper;
+    case T_BYTE:    return (address)jni_fast_GetByteField_wrapper;
+    case T_CHAR:    return (address)jni_fast_GetCharField_wrapper;
+    case T_SHORT:   return (address)jni_fast_GetShortField_wrapper;
+    case T_INT:     return (address)jni_fast_GetIntField_wrapper;
+    case T_LONG:    return (address)jni_fast_GetLongField_wrapper;
+    case T_FLOAT:   return (address)jni_fast_GetFloatField_wrapper;
+    case T_DOUBLE:  return (address)jni_fast_GetDoubleField_wrapper;
+    default:        ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+  return (address)-1;
+}
+#endif
+
+// Virtual Memory
+
+int os::vm_page_size() { return os::win32::vm_page_size(); }
+int os::vm_allocation_granularity() {
+  return os::win32::vm_allocation_granularity();
+}
+
+// Windows large page support is available on Windows 2003. In order to use
+// large page memory, the administrator must first assign additional privilege
+// to the user:
+//   + select Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Local Security Policy
+//   + select Local Policies -> User Rights Assignment
+//   + double click "Lock pages in memory", add users and/or groups
+//   + reboot
+// Note the above steps are needed for administrator as well, as administrators
+// by default do not have the privilege to lock pages in memory.
+//
+// Note about Windows 2003: although the API supports committing large page
+// memory on a page-by-page basis and VirtualAlloc() returns success under this
+// scenario, I found through experiment it only uses large page if the entire
+// memory region is reserved and committed in a single VirtualAlloc() call.
+// This makes Windows large page support more or less like Solaris ISM, in
+// that the entire heap must be committed upfront. This probably will change
+// in the future, if so the code below needs to be revisited.
+
+#ifndef MEM_LARGE_PAGES
+#define MEM_LARGE_PAGES 0x20000000
+#endif
+
+// GetLargePageMinimum is only available on Windows 2003. The other functions
+// are available on NT but not on Windows 98/Me. We have to resolve them at
+// runtime.
+typedef SIZE_T (WINAPI *GetLargePageMinimum_func_type) (void);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *AdjustTokenPrivileges_func_type)
+             (HANDLE, BOOL, PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES, DWORD, PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES, PDWORD);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *OpenProcessToken_func_type) (HANDLE, DWORD, PHANDLE);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *LookupPrivilegeValue_func_type) (LPCTSTR, LPCTSTR, PLUID);
+
+static GetLargePageMinimum_func_type   _GetLargePageMinimum;
+static AdjustTokenPrivileges_func_type _AdjustTokenPrivileges;
+static OpenProcessToken_func_type      _OpenProcessToken;
+static LookupPrivilegeValue_func_type  _LookupPrivilegeValue;
+
+static HINSTANCE _kernel32;
+static HINSTANCE _advapi32;
+static HANDLE    _hProcess;
+static HANDLE    _hToken;
+
+static size_t _large_page_size = 0;
+
+static bool resolve_functions_for_large_page_init() {
+  _kernel32 = LoadLibrary("kernel32.dll");
+  if (_kernel32 == NULL) return false;
+
+  _GetLargePageMinimum   = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(GetLargePageMinimum_func_type,
+                            GetProcAddress(_kernel32, "GetLargePageMinimum"));
+  if (_GetLargePageMinimum == NULL) return false;
+
+  _advapi32 = LoadLibrary("advapi32.dll");
+  if (_advapi32 == NULL) return false;
+
+  _AdjustTokenPrivileges = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(AdjustTokenPrivileges_func_type,
+                            GetProcAddress(_advapi32, "AdjustTokenPrivileges"));
+  _OpenProcessToken      = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(OpenProcessToken_func_type,
+                            GetProcAddress(_advapi32, "OpenProcessToken"));
+  _LookupPrivilegeValue  = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(LookupPrivilegeValue_func_type,
+                            GetProcAddress(_advapi32, "LookupPrivilegeValueA"));
+  return _AdjustTokenPrivileges != NULL &&
+         _OpenProcessToken      != NULL &&
+         _LookupPrivilegeValue  != NULL;
+}
+
+static bool request_lock_memory_privilege() {
+  _hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE,
+                                os::current_process_id());
+
+  LUID luid;
+  if (_hProcess != NULL &&
+      _OpenProcessToken(_hProcess, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES, &_hToken) &&
+      _LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, "SeLockMemoryPrivilege", &luid)) {
+
+    TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp;
+    tp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
+    tp.Privileges[0].Luid = luid;
+    tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
+
+    // AdjustTokenPrivileges() may return TRUE even when it couldn't change the
+    // privilege. Check GetLastError() too. See MSDN document.
+    if (_AdjustTokenPrivileges(_hToken, false, &tp, sizeof(tp), NULL, NULL) &&
+        (GetLastError() == ERROR_SUCCESS)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+static void cleanup_after_large_page_init() {
+  _GetLargePageMinimum = NULL;
+  _AdjustTokenPrivileges = NULL;
+  _OpenProcessToken = NULL;
+  _LookupPrivilegeValue = NULL;
+  if (_kernel32) FreeLibrary(_kernel32);
+  _kernel32 = NULL;
+  if (_advapi32) FreeLibrary(_advapi32);
+  _advapi32 = NULL;
+  if (_hProcess) CloseHandle(_hProcess);
+  _hProcess = NULL;
+  if (_hToken) CloseHandle(_hToken);
+  _hToken = NULL;
+}
+
+bool os::large_page_init() {
+  if (!UseLargePages) return false;
+
+  // print a warning if any large page related flag is specified on command line
+  bool warn_on_failure = !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) ||
+                         !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LargePageSizeInBytes);
+  bool success = false;
+
+# define WARN(msg) if (warn_on_failure) { warning(msg); }
+  if (resolve_functions_for_large_page_init()) {
+    if (request_lock_memory_privilege()) {
+      size_t s = _GetLargePageMinimum();
+      if (s) {
+#if defined(IA32) || defined(AMD64)
+        if (s > 4*M || LargePageSizeInBytes > 4*M) {
+          WARN("JVM cannot use large pages bigger than 4mb.");
+        } else {
+#endif
+          if (LargePageSizeInBytes && LargePageSizeInBytes % s == 0) {
+            _large_page_size = LargePageSizeInBytes;
+          } else {
+            _large_page_size = s;
+          }
+          success = true;
+#if defined(IA32) || defined(AMD64)
+        }
+#endif
+      } else {
+        WARN("Large page is not supported by the processor.");
+      }
+    } else {
+      WARN("JVM cannot use large page memory because it does not have enough privilege to lock pages in memory.");
+    }
+  } else {
+    WARN("Large page is not supported by the operating system.");
+  }
+#undef WARN
+
+  const size_t default_page_size = (size_t) vm_page_size();
+  if (success && _large_page_size > default_page_size) {
+    _page_sizes[0] = _large_page_size;
+    _page_sizes[1] = default_page_size;
+    _page_sizes[2] = 0;
+  }
+
+  cleanup_after_large_page_init();
+  return success;
+}
+
+// On win32, one cannot release just a part of reserved memory, it's an
+// all or nothing deal.  When we split a reservation, we must break the
+// reservation into two reservations.
+void os::split_reserved_memory(char *base, size_t size, size_t split,
+                              bool realloc) {
+  if (size > 0) {
+    release_memory(base, size);
+    if (realloc) {
+      reserve_memory(split, base);
+    }
+    if (size != split) {
+      reserve_memory(size - split, base + split);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+char* os::reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr, size_t alignment_hint) {
+  assert((size_t)addr % os::vm_allocation_granularity() == 0,
+         "reserve alignment");
+  assert(bytes % os::vm_allocation_granularity() == 0, "reserve block size");
+  char* res = (char*)VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_RESERVE,
+                                  PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
+  assert(res == NULL || addr == NULL || addr == res,
+         "Unexpected address from reserve.");
+  return res;
+}
+
+// Reserve memory at an arbitrary address, only if that area is
+// available (and not reserved for something else).
+char* os::attempt_reserve_memory_at(size_t bytes, char* requested_addr) {
+  // Windows os::reserve_memory() fails of the requested address range is
+  // not avilable.
+  return reserve_memory(bytes, requested_addr);
+}
+
+size_t os::large_page_size() {
+  return _large_page_size;
+}
+
+bool os::can_commit_large_page_memory() {
+  // Windows only uses large page memory when the entire region is reserved
+  // and committed in a single VirtualAlloc() call. This may change in the
+  // future, but with Windows 2003 it's not possible to commit on demand.
+  return false;
+}
+
+char* os::reserve_memory_special(size_t bytes) {
+  DWORD flag = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT | MEM_LARGE_PAGES;
+  char * res = (char *)VirtualAlloc(NULL, bytes, flag, PAGE_READWRITE);
+  return res;
+}
+
+bool os::release_memory_special(char* base, size_t bytes) {
+  return release_memory(base, bytes);
+}
+
+void os::print_statistics() {
+}
+
+bool os::commit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    // Don't bother the OS with noops.
+    return true;
+  }
+  assert((size_t) addr % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "commit on page boundaries");
+  assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "commit in page-sized chunks");
+  // Don't attempt to print anything if the OS call fails. We're
+  // probably low on resources, so the print itself may cause crashes.
+  return VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE) != NULL;
+}
+
+bool os::commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, size_t alignment_hint) {
+  return commit_memory(addr, size);
+}
+
+bool os::uncommit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    // Don't bother the OS with noops.
+    return true;
+  }
+  assert((size_t) addr % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "uncommit on page boundaries");
+  assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "uncommit in page-sized chunks");
+  return VirtualFree(addr, bytes, MEM_DECOMMIT) != 0;
+}
+
+bool os::release_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  return VirtualFree(addr, 0, MEM_RELEASE) != 0;
+}
+
+bool os::protect_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  DWORD old_status;
+  return VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_READONLY, &old_status) != 0;
+}
+
+bool os::guard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  DWORD old_status;
+  return VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE | PAGE_GUARD, &old_status) != 0;
+}
+
+bool os::unguard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  DWORD old_status;
+  return VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &old_status) != 0;
+}
+
+void os::realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint) { }
+void os::free_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes)         { }
+void os::numa_make_global(char *addr, size_t bytes)    { }
+void os::numa_make_local(char *addr, size_t bytes)     { }
+bool os::numa_topology_changed()                       { return false; }
+size_t os::numa_get_groups_num()                       { return 1; }
+int os::numa_get_group_id()                            { return 0; }
+size_t os::numa_get_leaf_groups(int *ids, size_t size) {
+  if (size > 0) {
+    ids[0] = 0;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+bool os::get_page_info(char *start, page_info* info) {
+  return false;
+}
+
+char *os::scan_pages(char *start, char* end, page_info* page_expected, page_info* page_found) {
+  return end;
+}
+
+char* os::non_memory_address_word() {
+  // Must never look like an address returned by reserve_memory,
+  // even in its subfields (as defined by the CPU immediate fields,
+  // if the CPU splits constants across multiple instructions).
+  return (char*)-1;
+}
+
+#define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 100
+#define SYS_THREAD_ERROR 0xffffffffUL
+
+void os::pd_start_thread(Thread* thread) {
+  DWORD ret = ResumeThread(thread->osthread()->thread_handle());
+  // Returns previous suspend state:
+  // 0:  Thread was not suspended
+  // 1:  Thread is running now
+  // >1: Thread is still suspended.
+  assert(ret != SYS_THREAD_ERROR, "StartThread failed"); // should propagate back
+}
+
+size_t os::read(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes) {
+  return ::read(fd, buf, nBytes);
+}
+
+class HighResolutionInterval {
+  // The default timer resolution seems to be 10 milliseconds.
+  // (Where is this written down?)
+  // If someone wants to sleep for only a fraction of the default,
+  // then we set the timer resolution down to 1 millisecond for
+  // the duration of their interval.
+  // We carefully set the resolution back, since otherwise we
+  // seem to incur an overhead (3%?) that we don't need.
+  // CONSIDER: if ms is small, say 3, then we should run with a high resolution time.
+  // Buf if ms is large, say 500, or 503, we should avoid the call to timeBeginPeriod().
+  // Alternatively, we could compute the relative error (503/500 = .6%) and only use
+  // timeBeginPeriod() if the relative error exceeded some threshold.
+  // timeBeginPeriod() has been linked to problems with clock drift on win32 systems and
+  // to decreased efficiency related to increased timer "tick" rates.  We want to minimize
+  // (a) calls to timeBeginPeriod() and timeEndPeriod() and (b) time spent with high
+  // resolution timers running.
+private:
+    jlong resolution;
+public:
+  HighResolutionInterval(jlong ms) {
+    resolution = ms % 10L;
+    if (resolution != 0) {
+      MMRESULT result = timeBeginPeriod(1L);
+    }
+  }
+  ~HighResolutionInterval() {
+    if (resolution != 0) {
+      MMRESULT result = timeEndPeriod(1L);
+    }
+    resolution = 0L;
+  }
+};
+
+int os::sleep(Thread* thread, jlong ms, bool interruptable) {
+  jlong limit = (jlong) MAXDWORD;
+
+  while(ms > limit) {
+    int res;
+    if ((res = sleep(thread, limit, interruptable)) != OS_TIMEOUT)
+      return res;
+    ms -= limit;
+  }
+
+  assert(thread == Thread::current(),  "thread consistency check");
+  OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+  OSThreadWaitState osts(osthread, false /* not Object.wait() */);
+  int result;
+  if (interruptable) {
+    assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "must be java thread");
+    JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *) thread;
+    ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
+
+    jt->set_suspend_equivalent();
+    // cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or
+    // java_suspend_self() via check_and_wait_while_suspended()
+
+    HANDLE events[1];
+    events[0] = osthread->interrupt_event();
+    HighResolutionInterval *phri=NULL;
+    if(!ForceTimeHighResolution)
+      phri = new HighResolutionInterval( ms );
+    if (WaitForMultipleObjects(1, events, FALSE, (DWORD)ms) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+      result = OS_TIMEOUT;
+    } else {
+      ResetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
+      osthread->set_interrupted(false);
+      result = OS_INTRPT;
+    }
+    delete phri; //if it is NULL, harmless
+
+    // were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
+    jt->check_and_wait_while_suspended();
+  } else {
+    assert(!thread->is_Java_thread(), "must not be java thread");
+    Sleep((long) ms);
+    result = OS_TIMEOUT;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Sleep forever; naked call to OS-specific sleep; use with CAUTION
+void os::infinite_sleep() {
+  while (true) {    // sleep forever ...
+    Sleep(100000);  // ... 100 seconds at a time
+  }
+}
+
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI * STTSignature)(void) ;
+
+os::YieldResult os::NakedYield() {
+  // Use either SwitchToThread() or Sleep(0)
+  // Consider passing back the return value from SwitchToThread().
+  // We use GetProcAddress() as ancient Win9X versions of windows doen't support SwitchToThread.
+  // In that case we revert to Sleep(0).
+  static volatile STTSignature stt = (STTSignature) 1 ;
+
+  if (stt == ((STTSignature) 1)) {
+    stt = (STTSignature) ::GetProcAddress (LoadLibrary ("Kernel32.dll"), "SwitchToThread") ;
+    // It's OK if threads race during initialization as the operation above is idempotent.
+  }
+  if (stt != NULL) {
+    return (*stt)() ? os::YIELD_SWITCHED : os::YIELD_NONEREADY ;
+  } else {
+    Sleep (0) ;
+  }
+  return os::YIELD_UNKNOWN ;
+}
+
+void os::yield() {  os::NakedYield(); }
+
+void os::yield_all(int attempts) {
+  // Yields to all threads, including threads with lower priorities
+  Sleep(1);
+}
+
+// Win32 only gives you access to seven real priorities at a time,
+// so we compress Java's ten down to seven.  It would be better
+// if we dynamically adjusted relative priorities.
+
+int os::java_to_os_priority[MaxPriority + 1] = {
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE,                         // 0  Entry should never be used
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST,                       // 1  MinPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST,                       // 2
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL,                 // 3
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL,                 // 4
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL,                       // 5  NormPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL,                       // 6
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL,                 // 7
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL,                 // 8
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST,                      // 9  NearMaxPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST                       // 10 MaxPriority
+};
+
+int prio_policy1[MaxPriority + 1] = {
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE,                         // 0  Entry should never be used
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST,                       // 1  MinPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST,                       // 2
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL,                 // 3
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL,                 // 4
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL,                       // 5  NormPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL,                 // 6
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL,                 // 7
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST,                      // 8
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST,                      // 9  NearMaxPriority
+  THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL                 // 10 MaxPriority
+};
+
+static int prio_init() {
+  // If ThreadPriorityPolicy is 1, switch tables
+  if (ThreadPriorityPolicy == 1) {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < MaxPriority + 1; i++) {
+      os::java_to_os_priority[i] = prio_policy1[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+OSReturn os::set_native_priority(Thread* thread, int priority) {
+  if (!UseThreadPriorities) return OS_OK;
+  bool ret = SetThreadPriority(thread->osthread()->thread_handle(), priority) != 0;
+  return ret ? OS_OK : OS_ERR;
+}
+
+OSReturn os::get_native_priority(const Thread* const thread, int* priority_ptr) {
+  if ( !UseThreadPriorities ) {
+    *priority_ptr = java_to_os_priority[NormPriority];
+    return OS_OK;
+  }
+  int os_prio = GetThreadPriority(thread->osthread()->thread_handle());
+  if (os_prio == THREAD_PRIORITY_ERROR_RETURN) {
+    assert(false, "GetThreadPriority failed");
+    return OS_ERR;
+  }
+  *priority_ptr = os_prio;
+  return OS_OK;
+}
+
+
+// Hint to the underlying OS that a task switch would not be good.
+// Void return because it's a hint and can fail.
+void os::hint_no_preempt() {}
+
+void os::interrupt(Thread* thread) {
+  assert(!thread->is_Java_thread() || Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
+         "possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
+
+  OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+  osthread->set_interrupted(true);
+  // More than one thread can get here with the same value of osthread,
+  // resulting in multiple notifications.  We do, however, want the store
+  // to interrupted() to be visible to other threads before we post
+  // the interrupt event.
+  OrderAccess::release();
+  SetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
+  // For JSR166:  unpark after setting status
+  if (thread->is_Java_thread())
+    ((JavaThread*)thread)->parker()->unpark();
+
+  ParkEvent * ev = thread->_ParkEvent ;
+  if (ev != NULL) ev->unpark() ;
+
+}
+
+
+bool os::is_interrupted(Thread* thread, bool clear_interrupted) {
+  assert(!thread->is_Java_thread() || Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
+         "possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
+
+  OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+  bool interrupted;
+  interrupted = osthread->interrupted();
+  if (clear_interrupted == true) {
+    osthread->set_interrupted(false);
+    ResetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
+  } // Otherwise leave the interrupted state alone
+
+  return interrupted;
+}
+
+// Get's a pc (hint) for a running thread. Currently used only for profiling.
+ExtendedPC os::get_thread_pc(Thread* thread) {
+  CONTEXT context;
+  context.ContextFlags = CONTEXT_CONTROL;
+  HANDLE handle = thread->osthread()->thread_handle();
+#ifdef _M_IA64
+  assert(0, "Fix get_thread_pc");
+  return ExtendedPC(NULL);
+#else
+  if (GetThreadContext(handle, &context)) {
+#ifdef _M_AMD64
+    return ExtendedPC((address) context.Rip);
+#else
+    return ExtendedPC((address) context.Eip);
+#endif
+  } else {
+    return ExtendedPC(NULL);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+// GetCurrentThreadId() returns DWORD
+intx os::current_thread_id()          { return GetCurrentThreadId(); }
+
+static int _initial_pid = 0;
+
+int os::current_process_id()
+{
+  return (_initial_pid ? _initial_pid : _getpid());
+}
+
+int    os::win32::_vm_page_size       = 0;
+int    os::win32::_vm_allocation_granularity = 0;
+int    os::win32::_processor_type     = 0;
+// Processor level is not available on non-NT systems, use vm_version instead
+int    os::win32::_processor_level    = 0;
+julong os::win32::_physical_memory    = 0;
+size_t os::win32::_default_stack_size = 0;
+
+         intx os::win32::_os_thread_limit    = 0;
+volatile intx os::win32::_os_thread_count    = 0;
+
+bool   os::win32::_is_nt              = false;
+
+
+void os::win32::initialize_system_info() {
+  SYSTEM_INFO si;
+  GetSystemInfo(&si);
+  _vm_page_size    = si.dwPageSize;
+  _vm_allocation_granularity = si.dwAllocationGranularity;
+  _processor_type  = si.dwProcessorType;
+  _processor_level = si.wProcessorLevel;
+  _processor_count = si.dwNumberOfProcessors;
+
+  MEMORYSTATUS ms;
+  // also returns dwAvailPhys (free physical memory bytes), dwTotalVirtual, dwAvailVirtual,
+  // dwMemoryLoad (% of memory in use)
+  GlobalMemoryStatus(&ms);
+  _physical_memory = ms.dwTotalPhys;
+
+  OSVERSIONINFO oi;
+  oi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
+  GetVersionEx(&oi);
+  switch(oi.dwPlatformId) {
+    case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS: _is_nt = false; break;
+    case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT:      _is_nt = true;  break;
+    default: fatal("Unknown platform");
+  }
+
+  _default_stack_size = os::current_stack_size();
+  assert(_default_stack_size > (size_t) _vm_page_size, "invalid stack size");
+  assert((_default_stack_size & (_vm_page_size - 1)) == 0,
+    "stack size not a multiple of page size");
+
+  initialize_performance_counter();
+
+  // Win95/Win98 scheduler bug work-around. The Win95/98 scheduler is
+  // known to deadlock the system, if the VM issues to thread operations with
+  // a too high frequency, e.g., such as changing the priorities.
+  // The 6000 seems to work well - no deadlocks has been notices on the test
+  // programs that we have seen experience this problem.
+  if (!os::win32::is_nt()) {
+    StarvationMonitorInterval = 6000;
+  }
+}
+
+
+void os::win32::setmode_streams() {
+  _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
+  _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
+  _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
+}
+
+
+int os::message_box(const char* title, const char* message) {
+  int result = MessageBox(NULL, message, title,
+                          MB_YESNO | MB_ICONERROR | MB_SYSTEMMODAL | MB_DEFAULT_DESKTOP_ONLY);
+  return result == IDYES;
+}
+
+int os::allocate_thread_local_storage() {
+  return TlsAlloc();
+}
+
+
+void os::free_thread_local_storage(int index) {
+  TlsFree(index);
+}
+
+
+void os::thread_local_storage_at_put(int index, void* value) {
+  TlsSetValue(index, value);
+  assert(thread_local_storage_at(index) == value, "Just checking");
+}
+
+
+void* os::thread_local_storage_at(int index) {
+  return TlsGetValue(index);
+}
+
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+#ifndef _WIN64
+// Helpers to check whether NX protection is enabled
+int nx_exception_filter(_EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pex) {
+  if (pex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION &&
+      pex->ExceptionRecord->NumberParameters > 0 &&
+      pex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0] ==
+      EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION) {
+    return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
+  }
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+
+void nx_check_protection() {
+  // If NX is enabled we'll get an exception calling into code on the stack
+  char code[] = { (char)0xC3 }; // ret
+  void *code_ptr = (void *)code;
+  __try {
+    __asm call code_ptr
+  } __except(nx_exception_filter((_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)_exception_info())) {
+    tty->print_raw_cr("NX protection detected.");
+  }
+}
+#endif // _WIN64
+#endif // PRODUCT
+
+// this is called _before_ the global arguments have been parsed
+void os::init(void) {
+  _initial_pid = _getpid();
+
+  init_random(1234567);
+
+  win32::initialize_system_info();
+  win32::setmode_streams();
+  init_page_sizes((size_t) win32::vm_page_size());
+
+  // For better scalability on MP systems (must be called after initialize_system_info)
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  if (is_MP()) {
+    NoYieldsInMicrolock = true;
+  }
+#endif
+  // Initialize main_process and main_thread
+  main_process = GetCurrentProcess();  // Remember main_process is a pseudo handle
+  if (!DuplicateHandle(main_process, GetCurrentThread(), main_process,
+                       &main_thread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, false, 0)) {
+    fatal("DuplicateHandle failed\n");
+  }
+  main_thread_id = (int) GetCurrentThreadId();
+}
+
+// To install functions for atexit processing
+extern "C" {
+  static void perfMemory_exit_helper() {
+    perfMemory_exit();
+  }
+}
+
+
+// this is called _after_ the global arguments have been parsed
+jint os::init_2(void) {
+  // Allocate a single page and mark it as readable for safepoint polling
+  address polling_page = (address)VirtualAlloc(NULL, os::vm_page_size(), MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READONLY);
+  guarantee( polling_page != NULL, "Reserve Failed for polling page");
+
+  address return_page  = (address)VirtualAlloc(polling_page, os::vm_page_size(), MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READONLY);
+  guarantee( return_page != NULL, "Commit Failed for polling page");
+
+  os::set_polling_page( polling_page );
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  if( Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous )
+    tty->print("[SafePoint Polling address: " INTPTR_FORMAT "]\n", (intptr_t)polling_page);
+#endif
+
+  if (!UseMembar) {
+    address mem_serialize_page = (address)VirtualAlloc(NULL, os::vm_page_size(), MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
+    guarantee( mem_serialize_page != NULL, "Reserve Failed for memory serialize page");
+
+    return_page  = (address)VirtualAlloc(mem_serialize_page, os::vm_page_size(), MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
+    guarantee( return_page != NULL, "Commit Failed for memory serialize page");
+
+    os::set_memory_serialize_page( mem_serialize_page );
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+    if(Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous)
+      tty->print("[Memory Serialize  Page address: " INTPTR_FORMAT "]\n", (intptr_t)mem_serialize_page);
+#endif
+}
+
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, os::large_page_init());
+
+  // Setup Windows Exceptions
+
+  // On Itanium systems, Structured Exception Handling does not
+  // work since stack frames must be walkable by the OS.  Since
+  // much of our code is dynamically generated, and we do not have
+  // proper unwind .xdata sections, the system simply exits
+  // rather than delivering the exception.  To work around
+  // this we use VectorExceptions instead.
+#ifdef _WIN64
+  if (UseVectoredExceptions) {
+    topLevelVectoredExceptionHandler = AddVectoredExceptionHandler( 1, topLevelExceptionFilter);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // for debugging float code generation bugs
+  if (ForceFloatExceptions) {
+#ifndef  _WIN64
+    static long fp_control_word = 0;
+    __asm { fstcw fp_control_word }
+    // see Intel PPro Manual, Vol. 2, p 7-16
+    const long precision = 0x20;
+    const long underflow = 0x10;
+    const long overflow  = 0x08;
+    const long zero_div  = 0x04;
+    const long denorm    = 0x02;
+    const long invalid   = 0x01;
+    fp_control_word |= invalid;
+    __asm { fldcw fp_control_word }
+#endif
+  }
+
+  // Initialize HPI.
+  jint hpi_result = hpi::initialize();
+  if (hpi_result != JNI_OK) { return hpi_result; }
+
+  // If stack_commit_size is 0, windows will reserve the default size,
+  // but only commit a small portion of it.
+  size_t stack_commit_size = round_to(ThreadStackSize*K, os::vm_page_size());
+  size_t default_reserve_size = os::win32::default_stack_size();
+  size_t actual_reserve_size = stack_commit_size;
+  if (stack_commit_size < default_reserve_size) {
+    // If stack_commit_size == 0, we want this too
+    actual_reserve_size = default_reserve_size;
+  }
+
+  JavaThread::set_stack_size_at_create(stack_commit_size);
+
+  // Calculate theoretical max. size of Threads to guard gainst artifical
+  // out-of-memory situations, where all available address-space has been
+  // reserved by thread stacks.
+  assert(actual_reserve_size != 0, "Must have a stack");
+
+  // Calculate the thread limit when we should start doing Virtual Memory
+  // banging. Currently when the threads will have used all but 200Mb of space.
+  //
+  // TODO: consider performing a similar calculation for commit size instead
+  // as reserve size, since on a 64-bit platform we'll run into that more
+  // often than running out of virtual memory space.  We can use the
+  // lower value of the two calculations as the os_thread_limit.
+  size_t max_address_space = ((size_t)1 << (BitsPerOop - 1)) - (200 * K * K);
+  win32::_os_thread_limit = (intx)(max_address_space / actual_reserve_size);
+
+  // at exit methods are called in the reverse order of their registration.
+  // there is no limit to the number of functions registered. atexit does
+  // not set errno.
+
+  if (PerfAllowAtExitRegistration) {
+    // only register atexit functions if PerfAllowAtExitRegistration is set.
+    // atexit functions can be delayed until process exit time, which
+    // can be problematic for embedded VM situations. Embedded VMs should
+    // call DestroyJavaVM() to assure that VM resources are released.
+
+    // note: perfMemory_exit_helper atexit function may be removed in
+    // the future if the appropriate cleanup code can be added to the
+    // VM_Exit VMOperation's doit method.
+    if (atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) != 0) {
+      warning("os::init_2 atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) failed");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // initialize PSAPI or ToolHelp for fatal error handler
+  if (win32::is_nt()) _init_psapi();
+  else _init_toolhelp();
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  // Print something if NX is enabled (win32 on AMD64)
+  NOT_PRODUCT(if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) nx_check_protection());
+#endif
+
+  // initialize thread priority policy
+  prio_init();
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+
+// Mark the polling page as unreadable
+void os::make_polling_page_unreadable(void) {
+  DWORD old_status;
+  if( !VirtualProtect((char *)_polling_page, os::vm_page_size(), PAGE_NOACCESS, &old_status) )
+    fatal("Could not disable polling page");
+};
+
+// Mark the polling page as readable
+void os::make_polling_page_readable(void) {
+  DWORD old_status;
+  if( !VirtualProtect((char *)_polling_page, os::vm_page_size(), PAGE_READONLY, &old_status) )
+    fatal("Could not enable polling page");
+};
+
+
+int os::stat(const char *path, struct stat *sbuf) {
+  char pathbuf[MAX_PATH];
+  if (strlen(path) > MAX_PATH - 1) {
+    errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+    return -1;
+  }
+  hpi::native_path(strcpy(pathbuf, path));
+  int ret = ::stat(pathbuf, sbuf);
+  if (sbuf != NULL && UseUTCFileTimestamp) {
+    // Fix for 6539723.  st_mtime returned from stat() is dependent on
+    // the system timezone and so can return different values for the
+    // same file if/when daylight savings time changes.  This adjustment
+    // makes sure the same timestamp is returned regardless of the TZ.
+    //
+    // See:
+    // http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/
+    //   default.asp?url=/library/en-us/sysinfo/base/
+    //   time_zone_information_str.asp
+    // and
+    // http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=
+    //   /library/en-us/sysinfo/base/settimezoneinformation.asp
+    //
+    // NOTE: there is a insidious bug here:  If the timezone is changed
+    // after the call to stat() but before 'GetTimeZoneInformation()', then
+    // the adjustment we do here will be wrong and we'll return the wrong
+    // value (which will likely end up creating an invalid class data
+    // archive).  Absent a better API for this, or some time zone locking
+    // mechanism, we'll have to live with this risk.
+    TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tz;
+    DWORD tzid = GetTimeZoneInformation(&tz);
+    int daylightBias =
+      (tzid == TIME_ZONE_ID_DAYLIGHT) ?  tz.DaylightBias : tz.StandardBias;
+    sbuf->st_mtime += (tz.Bias + daylightBias) * 60;
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+#define FT2INT64(ft) \
+  ((jlong)((jlong)(ft).dwHighDateTime << 32 | (julong)(ft).dwLowDateTime))
+
+
+// current_thread_cpu_time(bool) and thread_cpu_time(Thread*, bool)
+// are used by JVM M&M and JVMTI to get user+sys or user CPU time
+// of a thread.
+//
+// current_thread_cpu_time() and thread_cpu_time(Thread*) returns
+// the fast estimate available on the platform.
+
+// current_thread_cpu_time() is not optimized for Windows yet
+jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time() {
+  // return user + sys since the cost is the same
+  return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), true /* user+sys */);
+}
+
+jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread* thread) {
+  // consistent with what current_thread_cpu_time() returns.
+  return os::thread_cpu_time(thread, true /* user+sys */);
+}
+
+jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time(bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
+  return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), user_sys_cpu_time);
+}
+
+jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread* thread, bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
+  // This code is copy from clasic VM -> hpi::sysThreadCPUTime
+  // If this function changes, os::is_thread_cpu_time_supported() should too
+  if (os::win32::is_nt()) {
+    FILETIME CreationTime;
+    FILETIME ExitTime;
+    FILETIME KernelTime;
+    FILETIME UserTime;
+
+    if ( GetThreadTimes(thread->osthread()->thread_handle(),
+                    &CreationTime, &ExitTime, &KernelTime, &UserTime) == 0)
+      return -1;
+    else
+      if (user_sys_cpu_time) {
+        return (FT2INT64(UserTime) + FT2INT64(KernelTime)) * 100;
+      } else {
+        return FT2INT64(UserTime) * 100;
+      }
+  } else {
+    return (jlong) timeGetTime() * 1000000;
+  }
+}
+
+void os::current_thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+  info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;        // the max value -- all 64 bits
+  info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;      // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
+  info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;       // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
+  info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU;   // user+system time is returned
+}
+
+void os::thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+  info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;        // the max value -- all 64 bits
+  info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;      // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
+  info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;       // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
+  info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU;   // user+system time is returned
+}
+
+bool os::is_thread_cpu_time_supported() {
+  // see os::thread_cpu_time
+  if (os::win32::is_nt()) {
+    FILETIME CreationTime;
+    FILETIME ExitTime;
+    FILETIME KernelTime;
+    FILETIME UserTime;
+
+    if ( GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(),
+                    &CreationTime, &ExitTime, &KernelTime, &UserTime) == 0)
+      return false;
+    else
+      return true;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+// Windows does't provide a loadavg primitive so this is stubbed out for now.
+// It does have primitives (PDH API) to get CPU usage and run queue length.
+// "\\Processor(_Total)\\% Processor Time", "\\System\\Processor Queue Length"
+// If we wanted to implement loadavg on Windows, we have a few options:
+//
+// a) Query CPU usage and run queue length and "fake" an answer by
+//    returning the CPU usage if it's under 100%, and the run queue
+//    length otherwise.  It turns out that querying is pretty slow
+//    on Windows, on the order of 200 microseconds on a fast machine.
+//    Note that on the Windows the CPU usage value is the % usage
+//    since the last time the API was called (and the first call
+//    returns 100%), so we'd have to deal with that as well.
+//
+// b) Sample the "fake" answer using a sampling thread and store
+//    the answer in a global variable.  The call to loadavg would
+//    just return the value of the global, avoiding the slow query.
+//
+// c) Sample a better answer using exponential decay to smooth the
+//    value.  This is basically the algorithm used by UNIX kernels.
+//
+// Note that sampling thread starvation could affect both (b) and (c).
+int os::loadavg(double loadavg[], int nelem) {
+  return -1;
+}
+
+
+// DontYieldALot=false by default: dutifully perform all yields as requested by JVM_Yield()
+bool os::dont_yield() {
+  return DontYieldALot;
+}
+
+// Is a (classpath) directory empty?
+bool os::dir_is_empty(const char* path) {
+  WIN32_FIND_DATA fd;
+  HANDLE f = FindFirstFile(path, &fd);
+  if (f == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  FindClose(f);
+  return false;
+}
+
+// create binary file, rewriting existing file if required
+int os::create_binary_file(const char* path, bool rewrite_existing) {
+  int oflags = _O_CREAT | _O_WRONLY | _O_BINARY;
+  if (!rewrite_existing) {
+    oflags |= _O_EXCL;
+  }
+  return ::open(path, oflags, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE);
+}
+
+// return current position of file pointer
+jlong os::current_file_offset(int fd) {
+  return (jlong)::_lseeki64(fd, (__int64)0L, SEEK_CUR);
+}
+
+// move file pointer to the specified offset
+jlong os::seek_to_file_offset(int fd, jlong offset) {
+  return (jlong)::_lseeki64(fd, (__int64)offset, SEEK_SET);
+}
+
+
+// Map a block of memory.
+char* os::map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
+                     char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
+                     bool allow_exec) {
+  HANDLE hFile;
+  char* base;
+
+  hFile = CreateFile(file_name, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,
+                     OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+  if (hFile == NULL) {
+    if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+      DWORD err = GetLastError();
+      tty->print_cr("CreateFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.");
+    }
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (allow_exec) {
+    // CreateFileMapping/MapViewOfFileEx can't map executable memory
+    // unless it comes from a PE image (which the shared archive is not.)
+    // Even VirtualProtect refuses to give execute access to mapped memory
+    // that was not previously executable.
+    //
+    // Instead, stick the executable region in anonymous memory.  Yuck.
+    // Penalty is that ~4 pages will not be shareable - in the future
+    // we might consider DLLizing the shared archive with a proper PE
+    // header so that mapping executable + sharing is possible.
+
+    base = (char*) VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE,
+                                PAGE_READWRITE);
+    if (base == NULL) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("VirtualAlloc() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+      }
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    DWORD bytes_read;
+    OVERLAPPED overlapped;
+    overlapped.Offset = (DWORD)file_offset;
+    overlapped.OffsetHigh = 0;
+    overlapped.hEvent = NULL;
+    // ReadFile guarantees that if the return value is true, the requested
+    // number of bytes were read before returning.
+    bool res = ReadFile(hFile, base, (DWORD)bytes, &bytes_read, &overlapped) != 0;
+    if (!res) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("ReadFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+      }
+      release_memory(base, bytes);
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  } else {
+    HANDLE hMap = CreateFileMapping(hFile, NULL, PAGE_WRITECOPY, 0, 0,
+                                    NULL /*file_name*/);
+    if (hMap == NULL) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("CreateFileMapping() failed: GetLastError->%ld.");
+      }
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    DWORD access = read_only ? FILE_MAP_READ : FILE_MAP_COPY;
+    base = (char*)MapViewOfFileEx(hMap, access, 0, (DWORD)file_offset,
+                                  (DWORD)bytes, addr);
+    if (base == NULL) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("MapViewOfFileEx() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+      }
+      CloseHandle(hMap);
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (CloseHandle(hMap) == 0) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("CloseHandle(hMap) failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+      }
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return base;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (allow_exec) {
+    DWORD old_protect;
+    DWORD exec_access = read_only ? PAGE_EXECUTE_READ : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE;
+    bool res = VirtualProtect(base, bytes, exec_access, &old_protect) != 0;
+
+    if (!res) {
+      if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+        DWORD err = GetLastError();
+        tty->print_cr("VirtualProtect() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+      }
+      // Don't consider this a hard error, on IA32 even if the
+      // VirtualProtect fails, we should still be able to execute
+      CloseHandle(hFile);
+      return base;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (CloseHandle(hFile) == 0) {
+    if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+      DWORD err = GetLastError();
+      tty->print_cr("CloseHandle(hFile) failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+    }
+    return base;
+  }
+
+  return base;
+}
+
+
+// Remap a block of memory.
+char* os::remap_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
+                       char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
+                       bool allow_exec) {
+  // This OS does not allow existing memory maps to be remapped so we
+  // have to unmap the memory before we remap it.
+  if (!os::unmap_memory(addr, bytes)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  // There is a very small theoretical window between the unmap_memory()
+  // call above and the map_memory() call below where a thread in native
+  // code may be able to access an address that is no longer mapped.
+
+  return os::map_memory(fd, file_name, file_offset, addr, bytes, read_only,
+                        allow_exec);
+}
+
+
+// Unmap a block of memory.
+// Returns true=success, otherwise false.
+
+bool os::unmap_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+  BOOL result = UnmapViewOfFile(addr);
+  if (result == 0) {
+    if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) {
+      DWORD err = GetLastError();
+      tty->print_cr("UnmapViewOfFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", err);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void os::pause() {
+  char filename[MAX_PATH];
+  if (PauseAtStartupFile && PauseAtStartupFile[0]) {
+    jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, PauseAtStartupFile);
+  } else {
+    jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, "./vm.paused.%d", current_process_id());
+  }
+
+  int fd = ::open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+  if (fd != -1) {
+    struct stat buf;
+    close(fd);
+    while (::stat(filename, &buf) == 0) {
+      Sleep(100);
+    }
+  } else {
+    jio_fprintf(stderr,
+      "Could not open pause file '%s', continuing immediately.\n", filename);
+  }
+}
+
+// An Event wraps a win32 "CreateEvent" kernel handle.
+//
+// We have a number of choices regarding "CreateEvent" win32 handle leakage:
+//
+// 1:  When a thread dies return the Event to the EventFreeList, clear the ParkHandle
+//     field, and call CloseHandle() on the win32 event handle.  Unpark() would
+//     need to be modified to tolerate finding a NULL (invalid) win32 event handle.
+//     In addition, an unpark() operation might fetch the handle field, but the
+//     event could recycle between the fetch and the SetEvent() operation.
+//     SetEvent() would either fail because the handle was invalid, or inadvertently work,
+//     as the win32 handle value had been recycled.  In an ideal world calling SetEvent()
+//     on an stale but recycled handle would be harmless, but in practice this might
+//     confuse other non-Sun code, so it's not a viable approach.
+//
+// 2:  Once a win32 event handle is associated with an Event, it remains associated
+//     with the Event.  The event handle is never closed.  This could be construed
+//     as handle leakage, but only up to the maximum # of threads that have been extant
+//     at any one time.  This shouldn't be an issue, as windows platforms typically
+//     permit a process to have hundreds of thousands of open handles.
+//
+// 3:  Same as (1), but periodically, at stop-the-world time, rundown the EventFreeList
+//     and release unused handles.
+//
+// 4:  Add a CRITICAL_SECTION to the Event to protect LD+SetEvent from LD;ST(null);CloseHandle.
+//     It's not clear, however, that we wouldn't be trading one type of leak for another.
+//
+// 5.  Use an RCU-like mechanism (Read-Copy Update).
+//     Or perhaps something similar to Maged Michael's "Hazard pointers".
+//
+// We use (2).
+//
+// TODO-FIXME:
+// 1.  Reconcile Doug's JSR166 j.u.c park-unpark with the objectmonitor implementation.
+// 2.  Consider wrapping the WaitForSingleObject(Ex) calls in SEH try/finally blocks
+//     to recover from (or at least detect) the dreaded Windows 841176 bug.
+// 3.  Collapse the interrupt_event, the JSR166 parker event, and the objectmonitor ParkEvent
+//     into a single win32 CreateEvent() handle.
+//
+// _Event transitions in park()
+//   -1 => -1 : illegal
+//    1 =>  0 : pass - return immediately
+//    0 => -1 : block
+//
+// _Event serves as a restricted-range semaphore :
+//    -1 : thread is blocked
+//     0 : neutral  - thread is running or ready
+//     1 : signaled - thread is running or ready
+//
+// Another possible encoding of _Event would be
+// with explicit "PARKED" and "SIGNALED" bits.
+
+int os::PlatformEvent::park (jlong Millis) {
+    guarantee (_ParkHandle != NULL , "Invariant") ;
+    guarantee (Millis > 0          , "Invariant") ;
+    int v ;
+
+    // CONSIDER: defer assigning a CreateEvent() handle to the Event until
+    // the initial park() operation.
+
+    for (;;) {
+        v = _Event ;
+        if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+    }
+    guarantee ((v == 0) || (v == 1), "invariant") ;
+    if (v != 0) return OS_OK ;
+
+    // Do this the hard way by blocking ...
+    // TODO: consider a brief spin here, gated on the success of recent
+    // spin attempts by this thread.
+    //
+    // We decompose long timeouts into series of shorter timed waits.
+    // Evidently large timo values passed in WaitForSingleObject() are problematic on some
+    // versions of Windows.  See EventWait() for details.  This may be superstition.  Or not.
+    // We trust the WAIT_TIMEOUT indication and don't track the elapsed wait time
+    // with os::javaTimeNanos().  Furthermore, we assume that spurious returns from
+    // ::WaitForSingleObject() caused by latent ::setEvent() operations will tend
+    // to happen early in the wait interval.  Specifically, after a spurious wakeup (rv ==
+    // WAIT_OBJECT_0 but _Event is still < 0) we don't bother to recompute Millis to compensate
+    // for the already waited time.  This policy does not admit any new outcomes.
+    // In the future, however, we might want to track the accumulated wait time and
+    // adjust Millis accordingly if we encounter a spurious wakeup.
+
+    const int MAXTIMEOUT = 0x10000000 ;
+    DWORD rv = WAIT_TIMEOUT ;
+    while (_Event < 0 && Millis > 0) {
+       DWORD prd = Millis ;     // set prd = MAX (Millis, MAXTIMEOUT)
+       if (Millis > MAXTIMEOUT) {
+          prd = MAXTIMEOUT ;
+       }
+       rv = ::WaitForSingleObject (_ParkHandle, prd) ;
+       assert (rv == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || rv == WAIT_TIMEOUT, "WaitForSingleObject failed") ;
+       if (rv == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+           Millis -= prd ;
+       }
+    }
+    v = _Event ;
+    _Event = 0 ;
+    OrderAccess::fence() ;
+    // If we encounter a nearly simultanous timeout expiry and unpark()
+    // we return OS_OK indicating we awoke via unpark().
+    // Implementor's license -- returning OS_TIMEOUT would be equally valid, however.
+    return (v >= 0) ? OS_OK : OS_TIMEOUT ;
+}
+
+void os::PlatformEvent::park () {
+    guarantee (_ParkHandle != NULL, "Invariant") ;
+    // Invariant: Only the thread associated with the Event/PlatformEvent
+    // may call park().
+    int v ;
+    for (;;) {
+        v = _Event ;
+        if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+    }
+    guarantee ((v == 0) || (v == 1), "invariant") ;
+    if (v != 0) return ;
+
+    // Do this the hard way by blocking ...
+    // TODO: consider a brief spin here, gated on the success of recent
+    // spin attempts by this thread.
+    while (_Event < 0) {
+       DWORD rv = ::WaitForSingleObject (_ParkHandle, INFINITE) ;
+       assert (rv == WAIT_OBJECT_0, "WaitForSingleObject failed") ;
+    }
+
+    // Usually we'll find _Event == 0 at this point, but as
+    // an optional optimization we clear it, just in case can
+    // multiple unpark() operations drove _Event up to 1.
+    _Event = 0 ;
+    OrderAccess::fence() ;
+    guarantee (_Event >= 0, "invariant") ;
+}
+
+void os::PlatformEvent::unpark() {
+  guarantee (_ParkHandle != NULL, "Invariant") ;
+  int v ;
+  for (;;) {
+      v = _Event ;      // Increment _Event if it's < 1.
+      if (v > 0) {
+         // If it's already signaled just return.
+         // The LD of _Event could have reordered or be satisfied
+         // by a read-aside from this processor's write buffer.
+         // To avoid problems execute a barrier and then
+         // ratify the value.  A degenerate CAS() would also work.
+         // Viz., CAS (v+0, &_Event, v) == v).
+         OrderAccess::fence() ;
+         if (_Event == v) return ;
+         continue ;
+      }
+      if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v+1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+  }
+  if (v < 0) {
+     ::SetEvent (_ParkHandle) ;
+  }
+}
+
+
+// JSR166
+// -------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+ * The Windows implementation of Park is very straightforward: Basic
+ * operations on Win32 Events turn out to have the right semantics to
+ * use them directly. We opportunistically resuse the event inherited
+ * from Monitor.
+ */
+
+
+void Parker::park(bool isAbsolute, jlong time) {
+  guarantee (_ParkEvent != NULL, "invariant") ;
+  // First, demultiplex/decode time arguments
+  if (time < 0) { // don't wait
+    return;
+  }
+  else if (time == 0) {
+    time = INFINITE;
+  }
+  else if  (isAbsolute) {
+    time -= os::javaTimeMillis(); // convert to relative time
+    if (time <= 0) // already elapsed
+      return;
+  }
+  else { // relative
+    time /= 1000000; // Must coarsen from nanos to millis
+    if (time == 0)   // Wait for the minimal time unit if zero
+      time = 1;
+  }
+
+  JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)(Thread::current());
+  assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "Must be JavaThread");
+  JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *)thread;
+
+  // Don't wait if interrupted or already triggered
+  if (Thread::is_interrupted(thread, false) ||
+    WaitForSingleObject(_ParkEvent, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
+    ResetEvent(_ParkEvent);
+    return;
+  }
+  else {
+    ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
+    OSThreadWaitState osts(thread->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
+    jt->set_suspend_equivalent();
+
+    WaitForSingleObject(_ParkEvent,  time);
+    ResetEvent(_ParkEvent);
+
+    // If externally suspended while waiting, re-suspend
+    if (jt->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition()) {
+      jt->java_suspend_self();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Parker::unpark() {
+  guarantee (_ParkEvent != NULL, "invariant") ;
+  SetEvent(_ParkEvent);
+}
+
+// Run the specified command in a separate process. Return its exit value,
+// or -1 on failure (e.g. can't create a new process).
+int os::fork_and_exec(char* cmd) {
+  STARTUPINFO si;
+  PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
+
+  memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
+  si.cb = sizeof(si);
+  memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
+  BOOL rslt = CreateProcess(NULL,   // executable name - use command line
+                            cmd,    // command line
+                            NULL,   // process security attribute
+                            NULL,   // thread security attribute
+                            TRUE,   // inherits system handles
+                            0,      // no creation flags
+                            NULL,   // use parent's environment block
+                            NULL,   // use parent's starting directory
+                            &si,    // (in) startup information
+                            &pi);   // (out) process information
+
+  if (rslt) {
+    // Wait until child process exits.
+    WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
+
+    DWORD exit_code;
+    GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &exit_code);
+
+    // Close process and thread handles.
+    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
+    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
+
+    return (int)exit_code;
+  } else {
+    return -1;
+  }
+}
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Non-product code
+
+static int mallocDebugIntervalCounter = 0;
+static int mallocDebugCounter = 0;
+bool os::check_heap(bool force) {
+  if (++mallocDebugCounter < MallocVerifyStart && !force) return true;
+  if (++mallocDebugIntervalCounter >= MallocVerifyInterval || force) {
+    // Note: HeapValidate executes two hardware breakpoints when it finds something
+    // wrong; at these points, eax contains the address of the offending block (I think).
+    // To get to the exlicit error message(s) below, just continue twice.
+    HANDLE heap = GetProcessHeap();
+    { HeapLock(heap);
+      PROCESS_HEAP_ENTRY phe;
+      phe.lpData = NULL;
+      while (HeapWalk(heap, &phe) != 0) {
+        if ((phe.wFlags & PROCESS_HEAP_ENTRY_BUSY) &&
+            !HeapValidate(heap, 0, phe.lpData)) {
+          tty->print_cr("C heap has been corrupted (time: %d allocations)", mallocDebugCounter);
+          tty->print_cr("corrupted block near address %#x, length %d", phe.lpData, phe.cbData);
+          fatal("corrupted C heap");
+        }
+      }
+      int err = GetLastError();
+      if (err != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS && err != ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED) {
+        fatal1("heap walk aborted with error %d", err);
+      }
+      HeapUnlock(heap);
+    }
+    mallocDebugIntervalCounter = 0;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+bool os::find(address addr) {
+  // Nothing yet
+  return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+LONG WINAPI os::win32::serialize_fault_filter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* e) {
+  DWORD exception_code = e->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
+
+  if ( exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION ) {
+    JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)ThreadLocalStorage::get_thread_slow();
+    PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = e->ExceptionRecord;
+    address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+
+    if (os::is_memory_serialize_page(thread, addr))
+      return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
+  }
+
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+
+static int getLastErrorString(char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+    long errval;
+
+    if ((errval = GetLastError()) != 0)
+    {
+      /* DOS error */
+      size_t n = (size_t)FormatMessage(
+            FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
+            NULL,
+            errval,
+            0,
+            buf,
+            (DWORD)len,
+            NULL);
+      if (n > 3) {
+        /* Drop final '.', CR, LF */
+        if (buf[n - 1] == '\n') n--;
+        if (buf[n - 1] == '\r') n--;
+        if (buf[n - 1] == '.') n--;
+        buf[n] = '\0';
+      }
+      return (int)n;
+    }
+
+    if (errno != 0)
+    {
+      /* C runtime error that has no corresponding DOS error code */
+      const char *s = strerror(errno);
+      size_t n = strlen(s);
+      if (n >= len) n = len - 1;
+      strncpy(buf, s, n);
+      buf[n] = '\0';
+      return (int)n;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}