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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

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package com.sun.security.auth.module;

import java.io.*;

import java.security.AccessController;

import java.security.PrivilegedAction;

import java.text.MessageFormat;

import java.util.*;

import javax.security.auth.*;

import javax.security.auth.kerberos.KerberosTicket;

import javax.security.auth.kerberos.KerberosPrincipal;

import javax.security.auth.kerberos.KerberosKey;

import javax.security.auth.kerberos.KeyTab;

import javax.security.auth.callback.*;

import javax.security.auth.login.*;

import javax.security.auth.spi.*;

import sun.security.krb5.*;

import sun.security.jgss.krb5.Krb5Util;

import sun.security.krb5.Credentials;

import sun.security.util.HexDumpEncoder;

/**

 * This {@code LoginModule} authenticates users using

 * Kerberos protocols.

 *

 * <p> The configuration entry for {@code Krb5LoginModule} has

 * several options that control the authentication process and

 * additions to the {@code Subject}'s private credential

 * set. Irrespective of these options, the {@code Subject}'s

 * principal set and private credentials set are updated only when

 * {@code commit} is called.

 * When {@code commit} is called, the {@code KerberosPrincipal}

 * is added to the {@code Subject}'s principal set (unless the

 * {@code principal} is specified as "*"). If {@code isInitiator}

 * is true, the {@code KerberosTicket} is

 * added to the {@code Subject}'s private credentials.

 *

 * <p> If the configuration entry for {@code KerberosLoginModule}

 * has the option {@code storeKey} set to true, then

 * {@code KerberosKey} or {@code KeyTab} will also be added to the

 * subject's private credentials. {@code KerberosKey}, the principal's

 * key(s) will be derived from user's password, and {@code KeyTab} is

 * the keytab used when {@code useKeyTab} is set to true. The

 * {@code KeyTab} object is restricted to be used by the specified

 * principal unless the principal value is "*".

 *

 * <p> This {@code LoginModule} recognizes the {@code doNotPrompt}

 * option. If set to true the user will not be prompted for the password.

 *

 * <p> The user can  specify the location of the ticket cache by using

 * the option {@code ticketCache} in the configuration entry.

 *

 * <p>The user can specify the keytab location by using

 * the option {@code keyTab}

 * in the configuration entry.

 *

 * <p> The principal name can be specified in the configuration entry

 * by using the option {@code principal}. The principal name

 * can either be a simple user name, a service name such as

 * {@code host/mission.eng.sun.com}, or "*". The principal can also

 * be set using the system property {@code sun.security.krb5.principal}.

 * This property is checked during login. If this property is not set, then

 * the principal name from the configuration is used. In the

 * case where the principal property is not set and the principal

 * entry also does not exist, the user is prompted for the name.

 * When this property of entry is set, and {@code useTicketCache}

 * is set to true, only TGT belonging to this principal is used.

 *

 * <p> The following is a list of configuration options supported

 * for {@code Krb5LoginModule}:

 * <blockquote><dl>

 * <dt>{@code refreshKrb5Config}:</dt>

 * <dd> Set this to true, if you want the configuration

 * to be refreshed before the {@code login} method is called.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code useTicketCache}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true, if you want the

 * TGT to be obtained from the ticket cache. Set this option

 * to false if you do not want this module to use the ticket cache.

 * (Default is False).

 * This module will search for the ticket

 * cache in the following locations: On Solaris and Linux

 * it will look for the ticket cache in /tmp/krb5cc_{@code uid}

 * where the uid is numeric user identifier. If the ticket cache is

 * not available in the above location, or if we are on a

 * Windows platform, it will look for the cache as

 * {user.home}{file.separator}krb5cc_{user.name}.

 * You can override the ticket cache location by using

 * {@code ticketCache}.

 * For Windows, if a ticket cannot be retrieved from the file ticket cache,

 * it will use Local Security Authority (LSA) API to get the TGT.

 * <dt>{@code ticketCache}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to the name of the ticket

 * cache that  contains user's TGT.

 * If this is set,  {@code useTicketCache}

 * must also be set to true; Otherwise a configuration error will

 * be returned.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code renewTGT}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true, if you want to renew the TGT when it's more than

 * half-way expired (the time until expiration is less than the time

 * since start time). If this is set, {@code useTicketCache} must also be

 * set to true; otherwise a configuration error will be returned.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code doNotPrompt}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true if you do not want to be

 * prompted for the password

 * if credentials can not be obtained from the cache, the keytab,

 * or through shared state.(Default is false)

 * If set to true, credential must be obtained through cache, keytab,

 * or shared state. Otherwise, authentication will fail.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code useKeyTab}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true if you

 * want the module to get the principal's key from the

 * the keytab.(default value is False)

 * If {@code keytab} is not set then

 * the module will locate the keytab from the

 * Kerberos configuration file.

 * If it is not specified in the Kerberos configuration file

 * then it will look for the file

 * {@code {user.home}{file.separator}}krb5.keytab.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code keyTab}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to the file name of the

 * keytab to get principal's secret key.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code storeKey}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true to if you want the keytab or the

 * principal's key to be stored in the Subject's private credentials.

 * For {@code isInitiator} being false, if {@code principal}

 * is "*", the {@link KeyTab} stored can be used by anyone, otherwise,

 * it's restricted to be used by the specified principal only.</dd>

 * <dt>{@code principal}:</dt>

 * <dd>The name of the principal that should

 * be used. The principal can be a simple username such as

 * "{@code testuser}" or a service name such as

 * "{@code host/testhost.eng.sun.com}". You can use the

 * {@code principal}  option to set the principal when there are

 * credentials for multiple principals in the

 * {@code keyTab} or when you want a specific ticket cache only.

 * The principal can also be set using the system property

 * {@code sun.security.krb5.principal}. In addition, if this

 * system property is defined, then it will be used. If this property

 * is not set, then the principal name from the configuration will be

 * used.

 * The principal name can be set to "*" when {@code isInitiator} is false.

 * In this case, the acceptor is not bound to a single principal. It can

 * act as any principal an initiator requests if keys for that principal

 * can be found. When {@code isInitiator} is true, the principal name

 * cannot be set to "*".

 * </dd>

 * <dt>{@code isInitiator}:</dt>

 * <dd>Set this to true, if initiator. Set this to false, if acceptor only.

 * (Default is true).

 * Note: Do not set this value to false for initiators.</dd>

 * </dl></blockquote>

 *

 * <p> This {@code LoginModule} also recognizes the following additional

 * {@code Configuration}

 * options that enable you to share username and passwords across different

 * authentication modules:

 * <blockquote><dl>

 *

 *    <dt>{@code useFirstPass}:</dt>

 *                   <dd>if, true, this LoginModule retrieves the

 *                   username and password from the module's shared state,

 *                   using "javax.security.auth.login.name" and

 *                   "javax.security.auth.login.password" as the respective

 *                   keys. The retrieved values are used for authentication.

 *                   If authentication fails, no attempt for a retry

 *                   is made, and the failure is reported back to the

 *                   calling application.</dd>

 *

 *    <dt>{@code tryFirstPass}:</dt>

 *                   <dd>if, true, this LoginModule retrieves the

 *                   the username and password from the module's shared

 *                   state using "javax.security.auth.login.name" and

 *                   "javax.security.auth.login.password" as the respective

 *                   keys.  The retrieved values are used for

 *                   authentication.

 *                   If authentication fails, the module uses the

 *                   CallbackHandler to retrieve a new username

 *                   and password, and another attempt to authenticate

 *                   is made. If the authentication fails,

 *                   the failure is reported back to the calling application</dd>

 *

 *    <dt>{@code storePass}:</dt>

 *                   <dd>if, true, this LoginModule stores the username and

 *                   password obtained from the CallbackHandler in the

 *                   modules shared state, using

 *                   "javax.security.auth.login.name" and

 *                   "javax.security.auth.login.password" as the respective

 *                   keys.  This is not performed if existing values already

 *                   exist for the username and password in the shared

 *                   state, or if authentication fails.</dd>

 *

 *    <dt>{@code clearPass}:</dt>

 *                   <dd>if, true, this LoginModule clears the

 *                   username and password stored in the module's shared

 *                   state  after both phases of authentication

 *                   (login and commit) have completed.</dd>

 * </dl></blockquote>

 * <p>If the principal system property or key is already provided, the value of

 * "javax.security.auth.login.name" in the shared state is ignored.

 * <p>When multiple mechanisms to retrieve a ticket or key is provided, the

 * preference order is:

 * <ol>

 * <li>ticket cache

 * <li>keytab

 * <li>shared state

 * <li>user prompt

 * </ol>

 *

 * <p>Note that if any step fails, it will fallback to the next step.

 * There's only one exception, if the shared state step fails and

 * {@code useFirstPass = true}, no user prompt is made.

 * <p>Examples of some configuration values for Krb5LoginModule in

 * JAAS config file and the results are:

 * <blockquote><dl>

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * This is an illegal combination since none of {@code useTicketCache,

 * useKeyTab, useFirstPass} and {@code tryFirstPass}

 * is set and the user can not be prompted for the password.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * ticketCache = <filename>}</pre>

 * This is an illegal combination since {@code useTicketCache}

 * is not set to true and the ticketCache is set. A configuration error

 * will occur.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * renewTGT = true}</pre>

 * This is an illegal combination since {@code useTicketCache} is

 * not set to true and renewTGT is set. A configuration error will occur.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * storeKey = true  useTicketCache = true  doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * This is an illegal combination since  {@code storeKey} is set to

 * true but the key can not be obtained either by prompting the user or from

 * the keytab, or from the shared state. A configuration error will occur.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * keyTab = <filename>  doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * This is an illegal combination since useKeyTab is not set to true and

 * the keyTab is set. A configuration error will occur.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * debug = true}</pre>

 * Prompt the user for the principal name and the password.

 * Use the authentication exchange to get TGT from the KDC and

 * populate the {@code Subject} with the principal and TGT.

 * Output debug messages.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useTicketCache = true  doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * Check the default cache for TGT and populate the {@code Subject}

 * with the principal and TGT. If the TGT is not available,

 * do not prompt the user, instead fail the authentication.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * principal = <name>  useTicketCache = true  doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * Get the TGT from the default cache for the principal and populate the

 * Subject's principal and private creds set. If ticket cache is

 * not available or does not contain the principal's TGT

 * authentication will fail.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useTicketCache = true

 * ticketCache = <file name>

 * useKeyTab = true

 * keyTab = <keytab filename>

 * principal = <principal name>

 * doNotPrompt = true}</pre>

 * Search the cache for the principal's TGT. If it is not available

 * use the key in the keytab to perform authentication exchange with the

 * KDC and acquire the TGT.

 * The Subject will be populated with the principal and the TGT.

 * If the key is not available or valid then authentication will fail.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useTicketCache = true  ticketCache = <filename>}</pre>

 * The TGT will be obtained from the cache specified.

 * The Kerberos principal name used will be the principal name in

 * the Ticket cache. If the TGT is not available in the

 * ticket cache the user will be prompted for the principal name

 * and the password. The TGT will be obtained using the authentication

 * exchange with the KDC.

 * The Subject will be populated with the TGT.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useKeyTab = true  keyTab=<keytab filename>  principal = <principal name>  storeKey = true}</pre>

 * The key for the principal will be retrieved from the keytab.

 * If the key is not available in the keytab the user will be prompted

 * for the principal's password. The Subject will be populated

 * with the principal's key either from the keytab or derived from the

 * password entered.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useKeyTab = true  keyTab = <keytabname>  storeKey = true  doNotPrompt = false}</pre>

 * The user will be prompted for the service principal name.

 * If the principal's

 * longterm key is available in the keytab , it will be added to the

 * Subject's private credentials. An authentication exchange will be

 * attempted with the principal name and the key from the Keytab.

 * If successful the TGT will be added to the

 * Subject's private credentials set. Otherwise the authentication will fail.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * isInitiator = false  useKeyTab = true  keyTab = <keytabname>  storeKey = true  principal = *}</pre>

 * The acceptor will be an unbound acceptor and it can act as any principal

 * as long that principal has keys in the keytab.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * useTicketCache = true

 * ticketCache = <file name>

 * useKeyTab = true

 * keyTab = <file name>

 * storeKey = true

 * principal = <principal name>}</pre>

 * The client's TGT will be retrieved from the ticket cache and added to the

 * {@code Subject}'s private credentials. If the TGT is not available

 * in the ticket cache, or the TGT's client name does not match the principal

 * name, Java will use a secret key to obtain the TGT using the authentication

 * exchange and added to the Subject's private credentials.

 * This secret key will be first retrieved from the keytab. If the key

 * is not available, the user will be prompted for the password. In either

 * case, the key derived from the password will be added to the

 * Subject's private credentials set.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * isInitiator = false}</pre>

 * Configured to act as acceptor only, credentials are not acquired

 * via AS exchange. For acceptors only, set this value to false.

 * For initiators, do not set this value to false.</dd>

 *

 * <dd><pre>{@code

 * isInitiator = true}</pre>

 * Configured to act as initiator, credentials are acquired

 * via AS exchange. For initiators, set this value to true, or leave this

 * option unset, in which case default value (true) will be used.</dd>

 *

 * </dl></blockquote>

 *

 * @author Ram Marti

 */

public class Krb5LoginModule implements LoginModule {

    // initial state

    private Subject subject;

    private CallbackHandler callbackHandler;

    private Map<String, Object> sharedState;

    private Map<String, ?> options;

    // configurable option

    private boolean debug = false;

    private boolean storeKey = false;

    private boolean doNotPrompt = false;

    private boolean useTicketCache = false;

    private boolean useKeyTab = false;

    private String ticketCacheName = null;

    private String keyTabName = null;

    private String princName = null;

    private boolean useFirstPass = false;

    private boolean tryFirstPass = false;

    private boolean storePass = false;

    private boolean clearPass = false;

    private boolean refreshKrb5Config = false;

    private boolean renewTGT = false;

    // specify if initiator.

    // perform authentication exchange if initiator

    private boolean isInitiator = true;

    // the authentication status

    private boolean succeeded = false;

    private boolean commitSucceeded = false;

    private String username;

    // Encryption keys calculated from password. Assigned when storekey == true

    // and useKeyTab == false (or true but not found)

    private EncryptionKey[] encKeys = null;

    KeyTab ktab = null;

    private Credentials cred = null;

    private PrincipalName principal = null;

    private KerberosPrincipal kerbClientPrinc = null;

    private KerberosTicket kerbTicket = null;

    private KerberosKey[] kerbKeys = null;

    private StringBuffer krb5PrincName = null;

    private boolean unboundServer = false;

    private char[] password = null;

    private static final String NAME = "javax.security.auth.login.name";

    private static final String PWD = "javax.security.auth.login.password";

    private static final ResourceBundle rb = AccessController.doPrivileged(

            new PrivilegedAction<ResourceBundle>() {

                public ResourceBundle run() {

                    return ResourceBundle.getBundle(

                            "sun.security.util.AuthResources",

                            sun.security.util.ResourcesMgr.class.getModule());

                }

            }

    );

    /**

     * Initialize this {@code LoginModule}.

     *

     * @param subject the {@code Subject} to be authenticated.

     *

     * @param callbackHandler a {@code CallbackHandler} for

     *                  communication with the end user (prompting for

     *                  usernames and passwords, for example).

     *

     * @param sharedState shared {@code LoginModule} state.

     *

     * @param options options specified in the login

     *                  {@code Configuration} for this particular

     *                  {@code LoginModule}.

     */

    // Unchecked warning from (Map<String, Object>)sharedState is safe

    // since javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext passes a raw HashMap.

    // Unchecked warnings from options.get(String) are safe since we are

    // passing known keys.

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

    public void initialize(Subject subject,

                           CallbackHandler callbackHandler,

                           Map<String, ?> sharedState,

                           Map<String, ?> options) {

        this.subject = subject;

        this.callbackHandler = callbackHandler;

        this.sharedState = (Map<String, Object>)sharedState;

        this.options = options;

        // initialize any configured options

        debug = "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("debug"));

        storeKey = "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("storeKey"));

        doNotPrompt = "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get

                                              ("doNotPrompt"));

        useTicketCache = "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get

                                                 ("useTicketCache"));

        useKeyTab = "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("useKeyTab"));

        ticketCacheName = (String)options.get("ticketCache");

        keyTabName = (String)options.get("keyTab");

        if (keyTabName != null) {

            keyTabName = sun.security.krb5.internal.ktab.KeyTab.normalize(

                         keyTabName);

        }

        princName = (String)options.get("principal");

        refreshKrb5Config =

            "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("refreshKrb5Config"));

        renewTGT =

            "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("renewTGT"));

        // check isInitiator value

        String isInitiatorValue = ((String)options.get("isInitiator"));

        if (isInitiatorValue == null) {

            // use default, if value not set

        } else {

            isInitiator = "true".equalsIgnoreCase(isInitiatorValue);

        }

        tryFirstPass =

            "true".equalsIgnoreCase

            ((String)options.get("tryFirstPass"));

        useFirstPass =

            "true".equalsIgnoreCase

            ((String)options.get("useFirstPass"));

        storePass =

            "true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)options.get("storePass"));

        clearPass =