/*

 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

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 * questions.

 *

 */

#ifndef CPU_ARM_NATIVEINST_ARM_32_HPP

#define CPU_ARM_NATIVEINST_ARM_32_HPP

#include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"

#include "code/codeCache.hpp"

#include "runtime/icache.hpp"

#include "runtime/os.hpp"

#include "runtime/thread.hpp"

#include "register_arm.hpp"

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// Some experimental projects extend the ARM back-end by implementing

// what the front-end usually assumes is a single native instruction

// with a sequence of instructions.

//

// The 'Raw' variants are the low level initial code (usually one

// instruction wide but some of them were already composed

// instructions). They should be used only by the back-end.

//

// The non-raw classes are the front-end entry point, hiding potential

// back-end extensions or the actual instructions size.

class NativeInstruction;

class NativeCall;

class RawNativeInstruction {

 public:

  enum ARM_specific {

    instruction_size = Assembler::InstructionSize

  };

  enum InstructionKind {

    instr_ldr_str    = 0x50,

    instr_ldrh_strh  = 0x10,

    instr_fld_fst    = 0xd0

  };

  // illegal instruction used by NativeJump::patch_verified_entry

  // permanently undefined (UDF): 0xe << 28 | 0b1111111 << 20 | 0b1111 << 4

  static const int zombie_illegal_instruction = 0xe7f000f0;

  static int decode_rotated_imm12(int encoding) {

    int base = encoding & 0xff;

    int right_rotation = (encoding & 0xf00) >> 7;

    int left_rotation = 32 - right_rotation;

    int val = (base >> right_rotation) | (base << left_rotation);

    return val;

  }

  address addr_at(int offset)        const { return (address)this + offset; }

  address instruction_address()      const { return addr_at(0); }

  address next_raw_instruction_address() const { return addr_at(instruction_size); }

  static RawNativeInstruction* at(address address) {

    return (RawNativeInstruction*)address;

  }

  RawNativeInstruction* next_raw() const {

    return at(next_raw_instruction_address());

  }

 public:

  int encoding()                     const { return *(int*)this; }

  void set_encoding(int value) {

    int old = *(int*)this;

    if (old != value) {

      *(int*)this = value;

      ICache::invalidate_word((address)this);

    }

  }

  InstructionKind kind() const {

    return (InstructionKind) ((encoding() >> 20) & 0xf2);

  }

  bool is_nop()            const { return encoding() == (int)0xe1a00000; }

  bool is_b()              const { return (encoding() & 0x0f000000) == 0x0a000000; }

  bool is_bx()             const { return (encoding() & 0x0ffffff0) == 0x012fff10; }

  bool is_bl()             const { return (encoding() & 0x0f000000) == 0x0b000000; }

  bool is_blx()            const { return (encoding() & 0x0ffffff0) == 0x012fff30; }

  bool is_fat_call()       const {

    return (is_add_lr() && next_raw()->is_jump());

  }

  bool is_ldr_call()       const {

    return (is_add_lr() && next_raw()->is_ldr_pc());

  }

  bool is_jump()           const { return is_b() || is_ldr_pc(); }

  bool is_call()           const { return is_bl() || is_fat_call(); }

  bool is_branch()         const { return is_b() || is_bl(); }

  bool is_far_branch()     const { return is_movw() || is_ldr_literal(); }

  bool is_ldr_literal()    const {

    // ldr Rx, [PC, #offset] for positive or negative offsets

    return (encoding() & 0x0f7f0000) == 0x051f0000;

  }

  bool is_ldr()    const {

    // ldr Rd, [Rn, #offset] for positive or negative offsets

    return (encoding() & 0x0f700000) == 0x05100000;

  }

  int ldr_offset() const {

    assert(is_ldr(), "must be");

    int offset = encoding() & 0xfff;

    if (encoding() & (1 << 23)) {

      // positive offset

    } else {

      // negative offset

      offset = -offset;

    }

    return offset;

  }

  // is_ldr_pc: ldr PC, PC, #offset

  bool is_ldr_pc()         const { return (encoding() & 0x0f7ff000) == 0x051ff000; }

  // is_setting_pc(): ldr PC, Rxx, #offset

  bool is_setting_pc()         const { return (encoding() & 0x0f70f000) == 0x0510f000; }

  bool is_add_lr()         const { return (encoding() & 0x0ffff000) == 0x028fe000; }

  bool is_add_pc()         const { return (encoding() & 0x0fff0000) == 0x028f0000; }

  bool is_sub_pc()         const { return (encoding() & 0x0fff0000) == 0x024f0000; }

  bool is_pc_rel()         const { return is_add_pc() || is_sub_pc(); }

  bool is_movw()           const { return (encoding() & 0x0ff00000) == 0x03000000; }

  bool is_movt()           const { return (encoding() & 0x0ff00000) == 0x03400000; }

  // c2 doesn't use fixed registers for safepoint poll address

  bool is_safepoint_poll() const { return (encoding() & 0xfff0ffff) == 0xe590c000; }

  // For unit tests

  static void test() {}

};

inline RawNativeInstruction* rawNativeInstruction_at(address address) {

  return (RawNativeInstruction*)address;

}

// Base class exported to the front-end

class NativeInstruction: public RawNativeInstruction {

public:

  static NativeInstruction* at(address address) {

    return (NativeInstruction*)address;

  }

public:

  // No need to consider indirections while parsing NativeInstruction

  address next_instruction_address() const {

    return next_raw_instruction_address();

  }

  // next() is no longer defined to avoid confusion.

  //

  // The front end and most classes except for those defined in nativeInst_arm

  // or relocInfo_arm should only use next_instruction_address(), skipping

  // over composed instruction and ignoring back-end extensions.

  //

  // The back-end can use next_raw() when it knows the instruction sequence

  // and only wants to skip a single native instruction.

};

inline NativeInstruction* nativeInstruction_at(address address) {

  return (NativeInstruction*)address;

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// Raw b() or bl() instructions, not used by the front-end.

class RawNativeBranch: public RawNativeInstruction {

 public:

  address destination(int adj = 0) const {

    return instruction_address() + (encoding() << 8 >> 6) + 8 + adj;

  }

  void set_destination(address dest) {

    int new_offset = (int)(dest - instruction_address() - 8);

    assert(new_offset < 0x2000000 && new_offset > -0x2000000, "encoding constraint");

    set_encoding((encoding() & 0xff000000) | ((unsigned int)new_offset << 6 >> 8));

  }

};

inline RawNativeBranch* rawNativeBranch_at(address address) {

  assert(rawNativeInstruction_at(address)->is_branch(), "must be");

  return (RawNativeBranch*)address;

}

class NativeBranch: public RawNativeBranch {

};

inline NativeBranch* nativeBranch_at(address address) {

  return (NativeBranch *) rawNativeBranch_at(address);

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// NativeGeneralJump is for patchable internal (near) jumps

// It is used directly by the front-end and must be a single instruction wide

// (to support patching to other kind of instructions).

class NativeGeneralJump: public RawNativeInstruction {

 public:

  address jump_destination() const {

    return rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->destination();

  }

  void set_jump_destination(address dest) {

    return rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->set_destination(dest);

  }

  static void insert_unconditional(address code_pos, address entry);

  static void replace_mt_safe(address instr_addr, address code_buffer) {

    assert(((int)instr_addr & 3) == 0 && ((int)code_buffer & 3) == 0, "must be aligned");

    // Writing a word is atomic on ARM, so no MT-safe tricks are needed

    rawNativeInstruction_at(instr_addr)->set_encoding(*(int*)code_buffer);

  }

};

inline NativeGeneralJump* nativeGeneralJump_at(address address) {

  assert(rawNativeInstruction_at(address)->is_jump(), "must be");

  return (NativeGeneralJump*)address;

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

class RawNativeJump: public NativeInstruction {

 public:

  address jump_destination(int adj = 0) const {

    address a;

    if (is_b()) {

      a = rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->destination(adj);

      // Jump destination -1 is encoded as a jump to self

      if (a == instruction_address()) {

        return (address)-1;

      }

    } else {

      assert(is_ldr_pc(), "must be");

      int offset = this->ldr_offset();

      a = *(address*)(instruction_address() + 8 + offset);

    }

    return a;

  }

  void set_jump_destination(address dest) {

    address a;

    if (is_b()) {

      // Jump destination -1 is encoded as a jump to self

      if (dest == (address)-1) {

        dest = instruction_address();

      }

      rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->set_destination(dest);

    } else {

      assert(is_ldr_pc(), "must be");

      int offset = this->ldr_offset();

      *(address*)(instruction_address() + 8 + offset) = dest;

      OrderAccess::storeload(); // overkill if caller holds lock?

    }

  }

  static void check_verified_entry_alignment(address entry, address verified_entry);

  static void patch_verified_entry(address entry, address verified_entry, address dest);

};

inline RawNativeJump* rawNativeJump_at(address address) {

  assert(rawNativeInstruction_at(address)->is_jump(), "must be");

  return (RawNativeJump*)address;

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

class RawNativeCall: public NativeInstruction {

  // See IC calls in LIR_Assembler::ic_call(): ARM v5/v6 doesn't use a

  // single bl for IC calls.

 public:

  address return_address() const {

    if (is_bl()) {

      return addr_at(instruction_size);

    } else {

      assert(is_fat_call(), "must be");

      int offset = encoding() & 0xff;

      return addr_at(offset + 8);

    }

  }

  address destination(int adj = 0) const {

    if (is_bl()) {

      return rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->destination(adj);

    } else {

      assert(is_add_lr(), "must be"); // fat_call

      RawNativeJump *next = rawNativeJump_at(next_raw_instruction_address());

      return next->jump_destination(adj);

    }

  }

  void set_destination(address dest) {

    if (is_bl()) {

      return rawNativeBranch_at(instruction_address())->set_destination(dest);

    } else {

      assert(is_add_lr(), "must be"); // fat_call

      RawNativeJump *next = rawNativeJump_at(next_raw_instruction_address());

      return next->set_jump_destination(dest);

    }

  }

  void set_destination_mt_safe(address dest) {

    assert(CodeCache::contains(dest), "external destination might be too far");

    set_destination(dest);

  }

  void verify() {

    assert(RawNativeInstruction::is_call() || (!VM_Version::supports_movw() && RawNativeInstruction::is_jump()), "must be");

  }

  void verify_alignment() {

    // Nothing to do on ARM

  }

  static bool is_call_before(address return_address);

};

inline RawNativeCall* rawNativeCall_at(address address) {

  assert(rawNativeInstruction_at(address)->is_call(), "must be");

  return (RawNativeCall*)address;

}

NativeCall* rawNativeCall_before(address return_address);

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// NativeMovRegMem need not be extended with indirection support.

// (field access patching is handled differently in that case)

class NativeMovRegMem: public NativeInstruction {

 public:

  enum arm_specific_constants {

    instruction_size = 8

  };

  int num_bytes_to_end_of_patch() const { return instruction_size; }

  int offset() const;

  void set_offset(int x);

  void add_offset_in_bytes(int add_offset) {

    set_offset(offset() + add_offset);

  }

};

inline NativeMovRegMem* nativeMovRegMem_at(address address) {

  NativeMovRegMem* instr = (NativeMovRegMem*)address;

  assert(instr->kind() == NativeInstruction::instr_ldr_str   ||

         instr->kind() == NativeInstruction::instr_ldrh_strh ||

         instr->kind() == NativeInstruction::instr_fld_fst, "must be");

  return instr;

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// NativeMovConstReg is primarily for loading oops and metadata

class NativeMovConstReg: public NativeInstruction {

 public:

  intptr_t data() const;

  void set_data(intptr_t x, address pc = 0);

  bool is_pc_relative() {

    return !is_movw();

  }

  void set_pc_relative_offset(address addr, address pc);

  address next_instruction_address() const {

    // NOTE: CompiledStaticCall::set_to_interpreted() calls this but

    // are restricted to single-instruction ldr. No need to jump over

    // several instructions.

    assert(is_ldr_literal(), "Should only use single-instructions load");

    return next_raw_instruction_address();

  }

};

inline NativeMovConstReg* nativeMovConstReg_at(address address) {

  NativeInstruction* ni = nativeInstruction_at(address);

  assert(ni->is_ldr_literal() || ni->is_pc_rel() ||

         ni->is_movw() && VM_Version::supports_movw(), "must be");

  return (NativeMovConstReg*)address;

}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------

// Front end classes, hiding experimental back-end extensions.

// Extension to support indirections

class NativeJump: public RawNativeJump {

 public:

};

inline NativeJump* nativeJump_at(address address) {

  assert(nativeInstruction_at(address)->is_jump(), "must be");

  return (NativeJump*)address;

}

class NativeCall: public RawNativeCall {

public:

  // NativeCall::next_instruction_address() is used only to define the

  // range where to look for the relocation information. We need not

  // walk over composed instructions (as long as the relocation information

  // is associated to the first instruction).

  address next_instruction_address() const {

    return next_raw_instruction_address();

  }

};

inline NativeCall* nativeCall_at(address address) {

  assert(nativeInstruction_at(address)->is_call() ||

         (!VM_Version::supports_movw() && nativeInstruction_at(address)->is_jump()), "must be");

  return (NativeCall*)address;

}

inline NativeCall* nativeCall_before(address return_address) {

  return (NativeCall *) rawNativeCall_before(return_address);

}

#endif // CPU_ARM_NATIVEINST_ARM_32_HPP