/*

 * Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this

 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided

 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

 * questions.

 */

package jdk.nashorn.api.scripting;

import static jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ECMAErrors.referenceError;

import static jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptRuntime.UNDEFINED;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.Reader;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

import java.net.URL;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.security.AccessController;

import java.security.PrivilegedAction;

import java.security.PrivilegedActionException;

import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;

import javax.script.AbstractScriptEngine;

import javax.script.Bindings;

import javax.script.Compilable;

import javax.script.CompiledScript;

import javax.script.Invocable;

import javax.script.ScriptContext;

import javax.script.ScriptEngine;

import javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory;

import javax.script.ScriptException;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ErrorManager;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.GlobalObject;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Property;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptFunction;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptObject;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptRuntime;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Source;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.linker.JavaAdapterFactory;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.options.Options;

/**

 * JSR-223 compliant script engine for Nashorn. Instances are not created directly, but rather returned through

 * {@link NashornScriptEngineFactory#getScriptEngine()}. Note that this engine implements the {@link Compilable} and

 * {@link Invocable} interfaces, allowing for efficient precompilation and repeated execution of scripts.

 * @see NashornScriptEngineFactory

 */

public final class NashornScriptEngine extends AbstractScriptEngine implements Compilable, Invocable {

    private final ScriptEngineFactory factory;

    private final Context             nashornContext;

    private final ScriptObject        global;

    // initialized bit late to be made 'final'. Property object for "context"

    // property of global object

    private Property                  contextProperty;

    // default options passed to Nashorn Options object

    private static final String[] DEFAULT_OPTIONS = new String[] { "-scripting", "-doe" };

    NashornScriptEngine(final NashornScriptEngineFactory factory, final ClassLoader appLoader) {

        this(factory, DEFAULT_OPTIONS, appLoader);

    }

    NashornScriptEngine(final NashornScriptEngineFactory factory, final String[] args, final ClassLoader appLoader) {

        this.factory = factory;

        final Options options = new Options("nashorn");

        options.process(args);

        // throw ParseException on first error from script

        final ErrorManager errMgr = new Context.ThrowErrorManager();

        // create new Nashorn Context

        this.nashornContext = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Context>() {

            @Override

            public Context run() {

                try {

                    return new Context(options, errMgr, appLoader);

                } catch (final RuntimeException e) {

                    if (Context.DEBUG) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                    }

                    throw e;

                }

            }

        });

        // create new global object

        this.global = createNashornGlobal();

        // set the default engine scope for the default context

        context.setBindings(new ScriptObjectMirror(global, global), ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);

        // evaluate engine initial script

        try {

            evalEngineScript();

        } catch (final ScriptException e) {

            if (Context.DEBUG) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

            throw new RuntimeException(e);

        }

    }

    @Override

    public Object eval(final Reader reader, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        try {

            if (reader instanceof URLReader) {

                final URL url = ((URLReader)reader).getURL();

                final Charset cs = ((URLReader)reader).getCharset();

                return evalImpl(compileImpl(new Source(url.toString(), url, cs), ctxt), ctxt);

            }

            return evalImpl(Source.readFully(reader), ctxt);

        } catch (final IOException e) {

            throw new ScriptException(e);

        }

    }

    @Override

    public Object eval(final String script, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        return evalImpl(script.toCharArray(), ctxt);

    }

    @Override

    public ScriptEngineFactory getFactory() {

        return factory;

    }

    @Override

    public Bindings createBindings() {

        final ScriptObject newGlobal = createNashornGlobal();

        return new ScriptObjectMirror(newGlobal, newGlobal);

    }

    // Compilable methods

    @Override

    public CompiledScript compile(final Reader reader) throws ScriptException {

        try {

            return asCompiledScript(compileImpl(Source.readFully(reader), context));

        } catch (final IOException e) {

            throw new ScriptException(e);

        }

    }

    @Override

    public CompiledScript compile(final String str) throws ScriptException {

        return asCompiledScript(compileImpl(str.toCharArray(), context));

    }

    // Invocable methods

    @Override

    public Object invokeFunction(final String name, final Object... args)

            throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {

        return invokeImpl(null, name, args);

    }

    @Override

    public Object invokeMethod(final Object self, final String name, final Object... args)

            throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (self == null) {

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("script object can not be null");

        }

        return invokeImpl(self, name, args);

    }

    private <T> T getInterfaceInner(final Object self, final Class<T> clazz) {

        if (clazz == null || !clazz.isInterface()) {

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface Class expected");

        }

        // perform security access check as early as possible

        final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

        if (sm != null) {

            if (! Modifier.isPublic(clazz.getModifiers())) {

                throw new SecurityException("attempt to implement non-public interfce: " + clazz);

            }

        }

        final ScriptObject realSelf;

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(context);

        if(self == null) {

            realSelf = ctxtGlobal;

        } else if (!(self instanceof ScriptObject)) {

            realSelf = (ScriptObject)ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(self, ctxtGlobal);

        } else {

            realSelf = (ScriptObject)self;

        }

        try {

            final ScriptObject oldGlobal = getNashornGlobal();

            try {

                if(oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal) {

                    setNashornGlobal(ctxtGlobal);

                }

                if (! isInterfaceImplemented(clazz, realSelf)) {

                    return null;

                }

                return clazz.cast(JavaAdapterFactory.getConstructor(realSelf.getClass(), clazz).invoke(realSelf));

            } finally {

                if(oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal) {

                    setNashornGlobal(oldGlobal);

                }

            }

        } catch(final RuntimeException|Error e) {

            throw e;

        } catch(final Throwable t) {

            throw new RuntimeException(t);

        }

    }

    @Override

    public <T> T getInterface(final Class<T> clazz) {

        return getInterfaceInner(null, clazz);

    }

    @Override

    public <T> T getInterface(final Object self, final Class<T> clazz) {

        if (self == null) {

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("script object can not be null");

        }

        return getInterfaceInner(self, clazz);

    }

    // These are called from the "engine.js" script

    /**

     * This hook is used to search js global variables exposed from Java code.

     *

     * @param self 'this' passed from the script

     * @param ctxt current ScriptContext in which name is searched

     * @param name name of the variable searched

     * @return the value of the named variable

     */

    public Object __noSuchProperty__(final Object self, final ScriptContext ctxt, final String name) {

        final int scope = ctxt.getAttributesScope(name);

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);

        if (scope != -1) {

            return ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(ctxt.getAttribute(name, scope), ctxtGlobal);

        }

        if (self == UNDEFINED) {

            // scope access and so throw ReferenceError

            throw referenceError(ctxtGlobal, "not.defined", name);

        }

        return UNDEFINED;

    }

    private ScriptObject getNashornGlobalFrom(final ScriptContext ctxt) {

        final Bindings bindings = ctxt.getBindings(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);

        if (bindings instanceof ScriptObjectMirror) {

             ScriptObject sobj = ((ScriptObjectMirror)bindings).getScriptObject();

             if (sobj instanceof GlobalObject) {

                 return sobj;

             }

        }

        // didn't find global object from context given - return the engine-wide global

        return global;

    }

    private ScriptObject createNashornGlobal() {

        final ScriptObject newGlobal = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<ScriptObject>() {

            @Override

            public ScriptObject run() {

                try {

                    return nashornContext.newGlobal();

                } catch (final RuntimeException e) {

                    if (Context.DEBUG) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                    }

                    throw e;

                }

            }

        });

        nashornContext.initGlobal(newGlobal);

        final int NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT = Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE | Property.NOT_CONFIGURABLE | Property.NOT_WRITABLE;

        // current ScriptContext exposed as "context"

        // "context" is non-writable from script - but script engine still

        // needs to set it and so save the context Property object

        contextProperty = newGlobal.addOwnProperty("context", NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT, UNDEFINED);

        // current ScriptEngine instance exposed as "engine". We added @SuppressWarnings("LeakingThisInConstructor") as

        // NetBeans identifies this assignment as such a leak - this is a false positive as we're setting this property

        // in the Global of a Context we just created - both the Context and the Global were just created and can not be

        // seen from another thread outside of this constructor.

        newGlobal.addOwnProperty("engine", NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT, this);

        // global script arguments with undefined value

        newGlobal.addOwnProperty("arguments", Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE, UNDEFINED);

        // file name default is null

        newGlobal.addOwnProperty(ScriptEngine.FILENAME, Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE, null);

        return newGlobal;

    }

    private void evalEngineScript() throws ScriptException {

        evalSupportScript("resources/engine.js", NashornException.ENGINE_SCRIPT_SOURCE_NAME);

    }

    private void evalSupportScript(final String script, final String name) throws ScriptException {

        try {

            final InputStream is = AccessController.doPrivileged(

                    new PrivilegedExceptionAction<InputStream>() {

                        @Override

                        public InputStream run() throws Exception {

                            final URL url = NashornScriptEngine.class.getResource(script);

                            return url.openStream();

                        }

                    });

            put(ScriptEngine.FILENAME, name);

            try (final InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is)) {

                eval(isr);

            }

        } catch (final PrivilegedActionException | IOException e) {

            throw new ScriptException(e);

        } finally {

            put(ScriptEngine.FILENAME, null);

        }

    }

    // scripts should see "context" and "engine" as variables

    private void setContextVariables(final ScriptContext ctxt) {

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);

        // set "context" global variable via contextProperty - because this

        // property is non-writable

        contextProperty.setObjectValue(ctxtGlobal, ctxtGlobal, ctxt, false);

        Object args = ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(ctxt.getAttribute("arguments"), ctxtGlobal);

        if (args == null || args == UNDEFINED) {

            args = ScriptRuntime.EMPTY_ARRAY;

        }

        // if no arguments passed, expose it

        args = ((GlobalObject)ctxtGlobal).wrapAsObject(args);

        ctxtGlobal.set("arguments", args, false);

    }

    private Object invokeImpl(final Object selfObject, final String name, final Object... args) throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {

        final ScriptObject oldGlobal     = getNashornGlobal();

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal    = getNashornGlobalFrom(context);

        final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal);

        Object self = globalChanged? ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(selfObject, oldGlobal) : selfObject;

        try {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(ctxtGlobal);

            }

            ScriptObject sobj;

            Object       value = null;

            self = ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(self, ctxtGlobal);

            // FIXME: should convert when self is not ScriptObject

            if (self instanceof ScriptObject) {

                sobj = (ScriptObject)self;

                value = sobj.get(name);

            } else if (self == null) {

                self  = ctxtGlobal;

                sobj  = ctxtGlobal;

                value = sobj.get(name);

            }

            if (value instanceof ScriptFunction) {

                final Object res;

                try {

                    final Object[] modArgs = globalChanged? ScriptObjectMirror.wrapArray(args, oldGlobal) : args;

                    res = ScriptRuntime.checkAndApply((ScriptFunction)value, self, ScriptObjectMirror.unwrapArray(modArgs, ctxtGlobal));

                } catch (final Exception e) {

                    throwAsScriptException(e);

                    throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");

                }

                return ScriptObjectMirror.translateUndefined(ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(res, ctxtGlobal));

            }

            throw new NoSuchMethodException(name);

        } finally {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(oldGlobal);

            }

        }

    }

    private Object evalImpl(final char[] buf, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        return evalImpl(compileImpl(buf, ctxt), ctxt);

    }

    private Object evalImpl(final ScriptFunction script, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        if (script == null) {

            return null;

        }

        final ScriptObject oldGlobal = getNashornGlobal();

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);

        final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal);

        try {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(ctxtGlobal);

            }

            setContextVariables(ctxt);

            return ScriptObjectMirror.translateUndefined(ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(ScriptRuntime.apply(script, ctxtGlobal), ctxtGlobal));

        } catch (final Exception e) {

            throwAsScriptException(e);

            throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");

        } finally {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(oldGlobal);

            }

        }

    }

    private static void throwAsScriptException(final Exception e) throws ScriptException {

        if (e instanceof ScriptException) {

            throw (ScriptException)e;

        } else if (e instanceof NashornException) {

            final NashornException ne = (NashornException)e;

            final ScriptException se = new ScriptException(

                ne.getMessage(), ne.getFileName(),

                ne.getLineNumber(), ne.getColumnNumber());

            se.initCause(e);

            throw se;

        } else if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {

            throw (RuntimeException)e;

        } else {

            // wrap any other exception as ScriptException

            throw new ScriptException(e);

        }

    }

    private CompiledScript asCompiledScript(final ScriptFunction script) {

        return new CompiledScript() {

            @Override

            public Object eval(final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

                return evalImpl(script, ctxt);

            }

            @Override

            public ScriptEngine getEngine() {

                return NashornScriptEngine.this;

            }

        };

    }

    private ScriptFunction compileImpl(final char[] buf, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        final Object val = ctxt.getAttribute(ScriptEngine.FILENAME);

        final String fileName = (val != null) ? val.toString() : "<eval>";

        return compileImpl(new Source(fileName, buf), ctxt);

    }

    private ScriptFunction compileImpl(final Source source, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {

        final ScriptObject oldGlobal = getNashornGlobal();

        final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);

        final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal);

        try {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(ctxtGlobal);

            }

            return nashornContext.compileScript(source, ctxtGlobal);

        } catch (final Exception e) {

            throwAsScriptException(e);

            throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");

        } finally {

            if (globalChanged) {

                setNashornGlobal(oldGlobal);

            }

        }

    }

    private static boolean isInterfaceImplemented(final Class<?> iface, final ScriptObject sobj) {

        for (final Method method : iface.getMethods()) {

            // ignore methods of java.lang.Object class

            if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {

                continue;

            }

            Object obj = sobj.get(method.getName());

            if (! (obj instanceof ScriptFunction)) {

                return false;

            }

        }

        return true;

    }

    // don't make this public!!

    static ScriptObject getNashornGlobal() {

        return Context.getGlobal();