jdk/src/share/classes/java/lang/reflect/AccessibleObject.java
author alanb
Fri, 02 Nov 2012 15:50:11 +0000
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7197491: update copyright year to match last edit in jdk8 jdk repository Reviewed-by: chegar, ksrini
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/*
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 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 *
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 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
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 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
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 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
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 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
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 *
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 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
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 * accompanied this code).
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 *
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 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
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 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
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 *
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 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
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 * questions.
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 */
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package java.lang.reflect;
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import java.security.AccessController;
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import sun.reflect.Reflection;
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import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
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import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
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/**
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 * The AccessibleObject class is the base class for Field, Method and
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 * Constructor objects.  It provides the ability to flag a reflected
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 * object as suppressing default Java language access control checks
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 * when it is used.  The access checks--for public, default (package)
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 * access, protected, and private members--are performed when Fields,
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 * Methods or Constructors are used to set or get fields, to invoke
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 * methods, or to create and initialize new instances of classes,
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 * respectively.
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 *
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 * <p>Setting the {@code accessible} flag in a reflected object
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 * permits sophisticated applications with sufficient privilege, such
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 * as Java Object Serialization or other persistence mechanisms, to
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 * manipulate objects in a manner that would normally be prohibited.
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 *
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 * <p>By default, a reflected object is <em>not</em> accessible.
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 *
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 * @see Field
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 * @see Method
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 * @see Constructor
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 * @see ReflectPermission
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 *
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 * @since 1.2
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 */
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public class AccessibleObject implements AnnotatedElement {
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    /**
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     * The Permission object that is used to check whether a client
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     * has sufficient privilege to defeat Java language access
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     * control checks.
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     */
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    static final private java.security.Permission ACCESS_PERMISSION =
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        new ReflectPermission("suppressAccessChecks");
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    /**
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     * Convenience method to set the {@code accessible} flag for an
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     * array of objects with a single security check (for efficiency).
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     *
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     * <p>First, if there is a security manager, its
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     * {@code checkPermission} method is called with a
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     * {@code ReflectPermission("suppressAccessChecks")} permission.
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     *
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     * <p>A {@code SecurityException} is raised if {@code flag} is
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     * {@code true} but accessibility of any of the elements of the input
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     * {@code array} may not be changed (for example, if the element
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     * object is a {@link Constructor} object for the class {@link
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     * java.lang.Class}).  In the event of such a SecurityException, the
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     * accessibility of objects is set to {@code flag} for array elements
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     * upto (and excluding) the element for which the exception occurred; the
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     * accessibility of elements beyond (and including) the element for which
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     * the exception occurred is unchanged.
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     *
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     * @param array the array of AccessibleObjects
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     * @param flag  the new value for the {@code accessible} flag
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     *              in each object
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     * @throws SecurityException if the request is denied.
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     * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
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     * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
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     */
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    public static void setAccessible(AccessibleObject[] array, boolean flag)
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        throws SecurityException {
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        SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
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        if (sm != null) sm.checkPermission(ACCESS_PERMISSION);
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        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
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            setAccessible0(array[i], flag);
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        }
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    }
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    /**
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     * Set the {@code accessible} flag for this object to
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     * the indicated boolean value.  A value of {@code true} indicates that
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     * the reflected object should suppress Java language access
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     * checking when it is used.  A value of {@code false} indicates
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     * that the reflected object should enforce Java language access checks.
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     *
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     * <p>First, if there is a security manager, its
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     * {@code checkPermission} method is called with a
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     * {@code ReflectPermission("suppressAccessChecks")} permission.
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     *
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     * <p>A {@code SecurityException} is raised if {@code flag} is
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     * {@code true} but accessibility of this object may not be changed
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     * (for example, if this element object is a {@link Constructor} object for
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     * the class {@link java.lang.Class}).
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     *
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     * <p>A {@code SecurityException} is raised if this object is a {@link
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     * java.lang.reflect.Constructor} object for the class
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     * {@code java.lang.Class}, and {@code flag} is true.
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     *
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     * @param flag the new value for the {@code accessible} flag
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     * @throws SecurityException if the request is denied.
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     * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
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     * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
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     */
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    public void setAccessible(boolean flag) throws SecurityException {
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        SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
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        if (sm != null) sm.checkPermission(ACCESS_PERMISSION);
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        setAccessible0(this, flag);
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    }
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    /* Check that you aren't exposing java.lang.Class.<init>. */
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    private static void setAccessible0(AccessibleObject obj, boolean flag)
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        throws SecurityException
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    {
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        if (obj instanceof Constructor && flag == true) {
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            Constructor<?> c = (Constructor<?>)obj;
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            if (c.getDeclaringClass() == Class.class) {
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                throw new SecurityException("Can not make a java.lang.Class" +
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                                            " constructor accessible");
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            }
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        }
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        obj.override = flag;
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    }
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    /**
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     * Get the value of the {@code accessible} flag for this object.
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     *
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     * @return the value of the object's {@code accessible} flag
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     */
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    public boolean isAccessible() {
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        return override;
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    }
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    /**
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     * Constructor: only used by the Java Virtual Machine.
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     */
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    protected AccessibleObject() {}
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    // Indicates whether language-level access checks are overridden
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    // by this object. Initializes to "false". This field is used by
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    // Field, Method, and Constructor.
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    //
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    // NOTE: for security purposes, this field must not be visible
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    // outside this package.
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    boolean override;
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    // Reflection factory used by subclasses for creating field,
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    // method, and constructor accessors. Note that this is called
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    // very early in the bootstrapping process.
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    static final ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory =
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        AccessController.doPrivileged(
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            new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
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    /**
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     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
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     * @since 1.5
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     */
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    public <T extends Annotation> T getAnnotation(Class<T> annotationClass) {
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        throw new AssertionError("All subclasses should override this method");
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    }
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    /**
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     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
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     * @since 1.5
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     */
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    public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
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        Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
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        return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
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    }
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    /**
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     * @since 1.5
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     */
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    public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
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        return getDeclaredAnnotations();
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    }
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    /**
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     * @since 1.5
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     */
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    public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()  {
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        throw new AssertionError("All subclasses should override this method");
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    }
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    // Shared access checking logic.
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    // For non-public members or members in package-private classes,
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    // it is necessary to perform somewhat expensive security checks.
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    // If the security check succeeds for a given class, it will
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    // always succeed (it is not affected by the granting or revoking
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    // of permissions); we speed up the check in the common case by
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    // remembering the last Class for which the check succeeded.
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    //
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    // The simple security check for Constructor is to see if
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    // the caller has already been seen, verified, and cached.
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    // (See also Class.newInstance(), which uses a similar method.)
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    //
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    // A more complicated security check cache is needed for Method and Field
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    // The cache can be either null (empty cache), a 2-array of {caller,target},
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    // or a caller (with target implicitly equal to this.clazz).
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    // In the 2-array case, the target is always different from the clazz.
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    volatile Object securityCheckCache;
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    void checkAccess(Class<?> caller, Class<?> clazz, Object obj, int modifiers)
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        throws IllegalAccessException
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    {
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        if (caller == clazz) {  // quick check
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            return;             // ACCESS IS OK
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        }
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        Object cache = securityCheckCache;  // read volatile
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        Class<?> targetClass = clazz;
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        if (obj != null
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            && Modifier.isProtected(modifiers)
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            && ((targetClass = obj.getClass()) != clazz)) {
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            // Must match a 2-list of { caller, targetClass }.
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            if (cache instanceof Class[]) {
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                Class<?>[] cache2 = (Class<?>[]) cache;
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                if (cache2[1] == targetClass &&
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                    cache2[0] == caller) {
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                    return;     // ACCESS IS OK
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                }
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                // (Test cache[1] first since range check for [1]
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                // subsumes range check for [0].)
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            }
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        } else if (cache == caller) {
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            // Non-protected case (or obj.class == this.clazz).
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            return;             // ACCESS IS OK
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        }
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        // If no return, fall through to the slow path.
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        slowCheckMemberAccess(caller, clazz, obj, modifiers, targetClass);
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    }
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    // Keep all this slow stuff out of line:
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    void slowCheckMemberAccess(Class<?> caller, Class<?> clazz, Object obj, int modifiers,
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                               Class<?> targetClass)
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        throws IllegalAccessException
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    {
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        Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, clazz, obj, modifiers);
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        // Success: Update the cache.
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        Object cache = ((targetClass == clazz)
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                        ? caller
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                        : new Class<?>[] { caller, targetClass });
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        // Note:  The two cache elements are not volatile,
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        // but they are effectively final.  The Java memory model
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        // guarantees that the initializing stores for the cache
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        // elements will occur before the volatile write.
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        securityCheckCache = cache;         // write volatile
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    }
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}