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 * Copyright (c) 2015, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this

 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided

 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

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package java.net.http;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.URI;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;

/**

 * A WebSocket Client.

 *

 * <p> {@code WebSocket} instances are created through {@link WebSocket.Builder}.

 *

 * <p> WebSocket has an input and an output sides. These sides are independent

 * from each other. A side can either be open or closed. Once closed, the side

 * remains closed. WebSocket messages are sent through a {@code WebSocket} and

 * received through a {@code WebSocket.Listener} associated with it. Messages

 * can be sent until the WebSocket's output is closed, and received until the

 * WebSocket's input is closed.

 *

 * <p> A send method is any of the {@code sendText}, {@code sendBinary},

 * {@code sendPing}, {@code sendPong} and {@code sendClose} methods of

 * {@code WebSocket}. A send method initiates a send operation and returns a

 * {@code CompletableFuture} which completes once the operation has completed.

 * If the {@code CompletableFuture} completes normally the operation is

 * considered succeeded. If the {@code CompletableFuture} completes

 * exceptionally, the operation is considered failed. An operation that has been

 * initiated but not yet completed is considered pending.

 *

 * <p> A receive method is any of the {@code onText}, {@code onBinary},

 * {@code onPing}, {@code onPong} and {@code onClose} methods of

 * {@code Listener}. WebSocket initiates a receive operation by invoking a

 * receive method on the listener. The listener then must return a

 * {@code CompletionStage} which completes once the operation has completed.

 *

 *

 * <p> Unless otherwise stated, {@code null} arguments will cause methods

 * of {@code WebSocket} to throw {@code NullPointerException}, similarly,

 * {@code WebSocket} will not pass {@code null} arguments to methods of

 * {@code Listener}. The state of a WebSocket is not changed by the invocations

 * that throw or return a {@code CompletableFuture} that completes with one of

 * the {@code NullPointerException}, {@code IllegalArgumentException},

 * {@code IllegalStateException} exceptions.

 *

 * <p> {@code WebSocket} handles received Ping and Close messages automatically

 * (as per the WebSocket Protocol) by replying with Pong and Close messages. If

 * the listener receives Ping or Close messages, no mandatory actions from the

 * listener are required.

 *

 * @apiNote The relationship between a WebSocket and the associated Listener is

 * analogous to that of a Subscription and the associated Subscriber of type

 * {@link java.util.concurrent.Flow}.

 *

 * @since 11

 */

public interface WebSocket {

    /**

     * The WebSocket Close message status code (<code>{@value}</code>),

     * indicating normal closure, meaning that the purpose for which the

     * connection was established has been fulfilled.

     *

     * @see #sendClose(int, String)

     * @see Listener#onClose(WebSocket, int, String)

     */

    int NORMAL_CLOSURE = 1000;

    /**

     * A builder of {@linkplain WebSocket WebSocket Clients}.

     *

     * <p> Builders are created by invoking

     * {@link HttpClient#newWebSocketBuilder HttpClient.newWebSocketBuilder}.

     * The intermediate (setter-like) methods change the state of the builder

     * and return the same builder they have been invoked on. If an intermediate

     * method is not invoked, an appropriate default value (or behavior) will be

     * assumed. A {@code Builder} is not safe for use by multiple threads

     * without external synchronization.

     *

     * @since 11

     */

    interface Builder {

        /**

         * Adds the given name-value pair to the list of additional HTTP headers

         * sent during the opening handshake.

         *

         * <p> Headers defined in the

         * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-11.3">WebSocket

         * Protocol</a> are illegal. If this method is not invoked, no

         * additional HTTP headers will be sent.

         *

         * @param name

         *         the header name

         * @param value

         *         the header value

         *

         * @return this builder

         */

        Builder header(String name, String value);

        /**

         * Sets a timeout for establishing a WebSocket connection.

         *

         * <p> If the connection is not established within the specified

         * duration then building of the {@code WebSocket} will fail with

         * {@link HttpTimeoutException}. If this method is not invoked then the

         * infinite timeout is assumed.

         *

         * @param timeout

         *         the timeout, non-{@linkplain Duration#isNegative() negative},

         *         non-{@linkplain Duration#ZERO ZERO}

         *

         * @return this builder

         */

        Builder connectTimeout(Duration timeout);

        /**

         * Sets a request for the given subprotocols.

         *

         * <p> After the {@code WebSocket} has been built, the actual

         * subprotocol can be queried through

         * {@link WebSocket#getSubprotocol WebSocket.getSubprotocol()}.

         *

         * <p> Subprotocols are specified in the order of preference. The most

         * preferred subprotocol is specified first. If there are any additional

         * subprotocols they are enumerated from the most preferred to the least

         * preferred.

         *

         * <p> Subprotocols not conforming to the syntax of subprotocol

         * identifiers are illegal. If this method is not invoked then no

         * subprotocols will be requested.

         *

         * @param mostPreferred

         *         the most preferred subprotocol

         * @param lesserPreferred

         *         the lesser preferred subprotocols

         *

         * @return this builder

         */

        Builder subprotocols(String mostPreferred, String... lesserPreferred);

        /**

         * Builds a {@link WebSocket} connected to the given {@code URI} and

         * associated with the given {@code Listener}.

         *

         * <p> Returns a {@code CompletableFuture} which will either complete

         * normally with the resulting {@code WebSocket} or complete

         * exceptionally with one of the following errors:

         * <ul>

         * <li> {@link IOException} -

         *          if an I/O error occurs

         * <li> {@link WebSocketHandshakeException} -

         *          if the opening handshake fails

         * <li> {@link HttpTimeoutException} -

         *          if the opening handshake does not complete within

         *          the timeout

         * <li> {@link InterruptedException} -

         *          if the operation is interrupted

         * <li> {@link SecurityException} -

         *          if a security manager has been installed and it denies

         *          {@link java.net.URLPermission access} to {@code uri}.

         *          <a href="HttpRequest.html#securitychecks">Security checks</a>

         *          contains more information relating to the security context

         *          in which the the listener is invoked.

         * <li> {@link IllegalArgumentException} -

         *          if any of the arguments of this builder's methods are

         *          illegal

         * </ul>

         *

         * @param uri

         *         the WebSocket URI

         * @param listener

         *         the listener

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletableFuture} with the {@code WebSocket}

         */

        CompletableFuture<WebSocket> buildAsync(URI uri, Listener listener);

    }

    /**

     * The receiving interface of {@code WebSocket}.

     *

     * <p> A {@code WebSocket} invokes methods of the associated listener

     * passing itself as an argument. When data has been received, the

     * {@code WebSocket} invokes a receive method. Methods {@code onText},

     * {@code onBinary}, {@code onPing} and {@code onPong} must return a

     * {@code CompletionStage} that completes once the message has been received

     * by the listener.

     *

     * <p> An {@code IOException} raised in {@code WebSocket} will result in an

     * invocation of {@code onError} with that exception (if the input is not

     * closed). Unless otherwise stated if the listener's method throws an

     * exception or a {@code CompletionStage} returned from a method completes

     * exceptionally, the WebSocket will invoke {@code onError} with this

     * exception.

     *

     * <p> If a listener's method returns {@code null} rather than a

     * {@code CompletionStage}, {@code WebSocket} will behave as if the listener

     * returned a {@code CompletionStage} that is already completed normally.

     *

     * @apiNote Careful attention may be required if a listener is associated

     * with more than a single {@code WebSocket}. In this case invocations

     * related to different instances of {@code WebSocket} may not be ordered

     * and may even happen concurrently.

     *

     * <p> {@code CompletionStage}s returned from the receive methods have

     * nothing to do with the

     * <a href="WebSocket.html#counter">counter of invocations</a>.

     * Namely, a {@code CompletionStage} does not have to be completed in order

     * to receive more invocations of the listener's methods.

     * Here is an example of a listener that requests invocations, one at a

     * time, until a complete message has been accumulated, then processes

     * the result, and completes the {@code CompletionStage}:

     * <pre>{@code     WebSocket.Listener listener = new WebSocket.Listener() {

     *

     *        List<CharSequence> parts = new ArrayList<>();

     *        CompletableFuture<?> accumulatedMessage = new CompletableFuture<>();

     *

     *        public CompletionStage<?> onText(WebSocket webSocket,

     *                                         CharSequence message,

     *                                         boolean last) {

     *            parts.add(message);

     *            webSocket.request(1);

     *            if (last) {

     *                processWholeText(parts);

     *                parts = new ArrayList<>();

     *                accumulatedMessage.complete(null);

     *                CompletionStage<?> cf = accumulatedMessage;

     *                accumulatedMessage = new CompletableFuture<>();

     *                return cf;

     *            }

     *            return accumulatedMessage;

     *        }

     *    ...

     *    } } </pre>

     *

     * @since 11

     */

    interface Listener {

        /**

         * A {@code WebSocket} has been connected.

         *

         * <p> This is the initial invocation and it is made once. It is

         * typically used to make a request for more invocations.

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation is equivalent to:

         * <pre>{@code     webSocket.request(1); }</pre>

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket that has been connected

         */

        default void onOpen(WebSocket webSocket) { webSocket.request(1); }

        /**

         * A textual data has been received.

         *

         * <p> Return a {@code CompletionStage} which will be used by the

         * {@code WebSocket} as an indication it may reclaim the

         * {@code CharSequence}. Do not access the {@code CharSequence} after

         * this {@code CompletionStage} has completed.

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation is equivalent to:

         * <pre>{@code     webSocket.request(1);

         *    return null; }</pre>

         *

         * @implNote The {@code data} is always a legal UTF-16 sequence.

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the data has been received

         * @param data

         *         the data

         * @param last

         *         whether this invocation completes the message

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletionStage} which completes when the

         * {@code CharSequence} may be reclaimed; or {@code null} if it may be

         * reclaimed immediately

         */

        default CompletionStage<?> onText(WebSocket webSocket,

                                          CharSequence data,

                                          boolean last) {

            webSocket.request(1);

            return null;

        }

        /**

         * A binary data has been received.

         *

         * <p> This data is located in bytes from the buffer's position to its

         * limit.

         *

         * <p> Return a {@code CompletionStage} which will be used by the

         * {@code WebSocket} as an indication it may reclaim the

         * {@code ByteBuffer}. Do not access the {@code ByteBuffer} after

         * this {@code CompletionStage} has completed.

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation is equivalent to:

         * <pre>{@code     webSocket.request(1);

         *    return null; }</pre>

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the data has been received

         * @param data

         *         the data

         * @param last

         *         whether this invocation completes the message

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletionStage} which completes when the

         * {@code ByteBuffer} may be reclaimed; or {@code null} if it may be

         * reclaimed immediately

         */

        default CompletionStage<?> onBinary(WebSocket webSocket,

                                            ByteBuffer data,

                                            boolean last) {

            webSocket.request(1);

            return null;

        }

        /**

         * A Ping message has been received.

         *

         * <p> As guaranteed by the WebSocket Protocol, the message consists of

         * not more than {@code 125} bytes. These bytes are located from the

         * buffer's position to its limit.

         *

         * <p> Given that the WebSocket implementation will automatically send a

         * reciprocal pong when a ping is received, it is rarely required to

         * send a pong message explicitly when a ping is received.

         *

         * <p> Return a {@code CompletionStage} which will be used by the

         * {@code WebSocket} as a signal it may reclaim the

         * {@code ByteBuffer}. Do not access the {@code ByteBuffer} after

         * this {@code CompletionStage} has completed.

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation is equivalent to:

         * <pre>{@code     webSocket.request(1);

         *    return null; }</pre>

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the message has been received

         * @param message

         *         the message

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletionStage} which completes when the

         * {@code ByteBuffer} may be reclaimed; or {@code null} if it may be

         * reclaimed immediately

         */

        default CompletionStage<?> onPing(WebSocket webSocket,

                                          ByteBuffer message) {

            webSocket.request(1);

            return null;

        }

        /**

         * A Pong message has been received.

         *

         * <p> As guaranteed by the WebSocket Protocol, the message consists of

         * not more than {@code 125} bytes. These bytes are located from the

         * buffer's position to its limit.

         *

         * <p> Return a {@code CompletionStage} which will be used by the

         * {@code WebSocket} as a signal it may reclaim the

         * {@code ByteBuffer}. Do not access the {@code ByteBuffer} after

         * this {@code CompletionStage} has completed.

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation is equivalent to:

         * <pre>{@code     webSocket.request(1);

         *    return null; }</pre>

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the message has been received

         * @param message

         *         the message

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletionStage} which completes when the

         * {@code ByteBuffer} may be reclaimed; or {@code null} if it may be

         * reclaimed immediately

         */

        default CompletionStage<?> onPong(WebSocket webSocket,

                                          ByteBuffer message) {

            webSocket.request(1);

            return null;

        }

        /**

         * Receives a Close message indicating the WebSocket's input has been

         * closed.

         *

         * <p> This is the last invocation from the specified {@code WebSocket}.

         * By the time this invocation begins the WebSocket's input will have

         * been closed.

         *

         * <p> A Close message consists of a status code and a reason for

         * closing. The status code is an integer from the range

         * {@code 1000 <= code <= 65535}. The {@code reason} is a string which

         * has a UTF-8 representation not longer than {@code 123} bytes.

         *

         * <p> If the WebSocket's output is not already closed, the

         * {@code CompletionStage} returned by this method will be used as an

         * indication that the WebSocket's output may be closed. The WebSocket

         * will close its output at the earliest of completion of the returned

         * {@code CompletionStage} or invoking either of the {@code sendClose}

         * or {@code abort} methods.

         *

         * @apiNote Returning a {@code CompletionStage} that never completes,

         * effectively disables the reciprocating closure of the output.

         *

         * <p> To specify a custom closure code or reason code the

         * {@code sendClose} method may be invoked from inside the

         * {@code onClose} invocation:

         * <pre>{@code     public CompletionStage<?> onClose(WebSocket webSocket,

         *                                      int statusCode,

         *                                      String reason) {

         *        webSocket.sendClose(CUSTOM_STATUS_CODE, CUSTOM_REASON);

         *        return new CompletableFuture<Void>();

         *    } } </pre>

         *

         * @implSpec The default implementation of this method returns

         * {@code null}, indicating that the output should be closed

         * immediately.

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the message has been received

         * @param statusCode

         *         the status code

         * @param reason

         *         the reason

         *

         * @return a {@code CompletionStage} which completes when the

         * {@code WebSocket} may be closed; or {@code null} if it may be

         * closed immediately

         */

        default CompletionStage<?> onClose(WebSocket webSocket,

                                           int statusCode,

                                           String reason) {

            return null;

        }

        /**

         * An error has occurred.

         *

         * <p> This is the last invocation from the specified WebSocket. By the

         * time this invocation begins both the WebSocket's input and output

         * will have been closed. A WebSocket may invoke this method on the

         * associated listener at any time after it has invoked {@code onOpen},

         * regardless of whether or not any invocations have been requested from

         * the WebSocket.

         *

         * <p> If an exception is thrown from this method, resulting behavior is

         * undefined.

         *

         * @param webSocket

         *         the WebSocket on which the error has occurred

         * @param error

         *         the error

         */

        default void onError(WebSocket webSocket, Throwable error) { }

    }