8000694: Add generation of lambda implementation code: invokedynamic call, lambda method, adaptor methods
authorrfield
Mon, 29 Oct 2012 10:39:49 -0700
changeset 14365 20f388573215
parent 14364 d79536133493
child 14366 af625e568667
8000694: Add generation of lambda implementation code: invokedynamic call, lambda method, adaptor methods Summary: Add lambda implementation code with calling/supporting code elsewhere in the compiler Reviewed-by: mcimadamore, jjg
langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java
langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java
langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransTypes.java
langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/JavaCompiler.java
langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java
--- a/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java	Fri Oct 26 18:40:13 2012 -0700
+++ b/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Symtab.java	Mon Oct 29 10:39:49 2012 -0700
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@
     public final Type cloneableType;
     public final Type serializableType;
     public final Type methodHandleType;
+    public final Type methodHandleLookupType;
     public final Type methodTypeType;
     public final Type nativeHeaderType;
     public final Type throwableType;
@@ -158,6 +159,7 @@
     public final Type systemType;
     public final Type autoCloseableType;
     public final Type trustMeType;
+    public final Type lambdaMetafactory;
     public final Type containedByType;
     public final Type containerForType;
     public final Type documentedType;
@@ -456,6 +458,7 @@
         throwableType = enterClass("java.lang.Throwable");
         serializableType = enterClass("java.io.Serializable");
         methodHandleType = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle");
+        methodHandleLookupType = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup");
         methodTypeType = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.MethodType");
         errorType = enterClass("java.lang.Error");
         illegalArgumentExceptionType = enterClass("java.lang.IllegalArgumentException");
@@ -503,10 +506,12 @@
                              autoCloseableType.tsym);
         trustMeType = enterClass("java.lang.SafeVarargs");
         nativeHeaderType = enterClass("javax.tools.annotation.GenerateNativeHeader");
+        lambdaMetafactory = enterClass("java.lang.invoke.LambdaMetafactory");
 
         synthesizeEmptyInterfaceIfMissing(autoCloseableType);
         synthesizeEmptyInterfaceIfMissing(cloneableType);
         synthesizeEmptyInterfaceIfMissing(serializableType);
+        synthesizeEmptyInterfaceIfMissing(lambdaMetafactory);
         synthesizeBoxTypeIfMissing(doubleType);
         synthesizeBoxTypeIfMissing(floatType);
         synthesizeBoxTypeIfMissing(voidType);
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/LambdaToMethod.java	Mon Oct 29 10:39:49 2012 -0700
@@ -0,0 +1,1398 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package com.sun.tools.javac.comp;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCMemberReference.ReferenceKind;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeMaker;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeScanner;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeTranslator;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.ClassSymbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.DynamicMethodSymbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.MethodSymbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.VarSymbol;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symtab;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.ClassType;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.MethodType;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Types;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.comp.LambdaToMethod.LambdaAnalyzer.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
+import com.sun.source.tree.MemberReferenceTree.ReferenceMode;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.comp.LambdaToMethod.LambdaSymbolKind.*;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.*;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.BOT;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.NONE;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.VOID;
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;
+
+/**
+ * This pass desugars lambda expressions into static methods
+ *
+ *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
+ *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
+ *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
+ *  deletion without notice.</b>
+ */
+public class LambdaToMethod extends TreeTranslator {
+
+    private Names names;
+    private Symtab syms;
+    private Resolve rs;
+    private TreeMaker make;
+    private Types types;
+    private TransTypes transTypes;
+    private Env<AttrContext> attrEnv;
+
+    /** the analyzer scanner */
+    private LambdaAnalyzer analyzer;
+
+    /** map from lambda trees to translation contexts */
+    private Map<JCTree, TranslationContext<?>> contextMap;
+
+    /** current translation context (visitor argument) */
+    private TranslationContext<?> context;
+
+    /** list of translated methods
+     **/
+    private ListBuffer<JCTree> translatedMethodList;
+
+    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Instantiating">
+    private static final Context.Key<LambdaToMethod> unlambdaKey =
+            new Context.Key<LambdaToMethod>();
+
+    public static LambdaToMethod instance(Context context) {
+        LambdaToMethod instance = context.get(unlambdaKey);
+        if (instance == null) {
+            instance = new LambdaToMethod(context);
+        }
+        return instance;
+    }
+
+    private LambdaToMethod(Context context) {
+        names = Names.instance(context);
+        syms = Symtab.instance(context);
+        rs = Resolve.instance(context);
+        make = TreeMaker.instance(context);
+        types = Types.instance(context);
+        transTypes = TransTypes.instance(context);
+        this.analyzer = makeAnalyzer();
+    }
+
+    private LambdaAnalyzer makeAnalyzer() {
+        return new LambdaAnalyzer();
+    }
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="translate methods">
+    @Override
+    public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree) {
+        TranslationContext<?> newContext = contextMap.get(tree);
+        return translate(tree, newContext != null ? newContext : context);
+    }
+
+    public <T extends JCTree> T translate(T tree, TranslationContext<?> newContext) {
+        TranslationContext<?> prevContext = context;
+        try {
+            context = newContext;
+            return super.translate(tree);
+        }
+        finally {
+            context = prevContext;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public <T extends JCTree> List<T> translate(List<T> trees, TranslationContext<?> newContext) {
+        ListBuffer<T> buf = ListBuffer.lb();
+        for (T tree : trees) {
+            buf.append(translate(tree, newContext));
+        }
+        return buf.toList();
+    }
+
+    public JCTree translateTopLevelClass(Env<AttrContext> env, JCTree cdef, TreeMaker make) {
+        this.make = make;
+        this.attrEnv = env;
+        this.context = null;
+        this.contextMap = new HashMap<JCTree, TranslationContext<?>>();
+        return translate(cdef);
+    }
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="visitor methods">
+    /**
+     * Visit a class.
+     * Maintain the translatedMethodList across nested classes.
+     * Append the translatedMethodList to the class after it is translated.
+     * @param tree
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
+        if (tree.sym.owner.kind == PCK) {
+            //analyze class
+            analyzer.analyzeClass(tree);
+        }
+        ListBuffer<JCTree> prevTranslated = translatedMethodList;
+        try {
+            translatedMethodList = ListBuffer.lb();
+            super.visitClassDef(tree);
+            //add all translated instance methods here
+            tree.defs = tree.defs.appendList(translatedMethodList.toList());
+            for (JCTree lambda : translatedMethodList) {
+                tree.sym.members().enter(((JCMethodDecl)lambda).sym);
+            }
+            result = tree;
+        } finally {
+            translatedMethodList = prevTranslated;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Translate a lambda into a method to be inserted into the class.
+     * Then replace the lambda site with an invokedynamic call of to lambda
+     * meta-factory, which will use the lambda method.
+     * @param tree
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
+        LambdaTranslationContext localContext = (LambdaTranslationContext)context;
+        MethodSymbol sym = (MethodSymbol)localContext.translatedSym;
+        MethodType lambdaType = (MethodType) sym.type;
+
+        //create the method declaration hoisting the lambda body
+        JCMethodDecl lambdaDecl = make.MethodDef(make.Modifiers(sym.flags_field),
+                sym.name,
+                make.QualIdent(lambdaType.getReturnType().tsym),
+                List.<JCTypeParameter>nil(),
+                localContext.syntheticParams,
+                lambdaType.getThrownTypes() == null ?
+                    List.<JCExpression>nil() :
+                    make.Types(lambdaType.getThrownTypes()),
+                null,
+                null);
+        lambdaDecl.sym = sym;
+        lambdaDecl.type = lambdaType;
+
+        //translate lambda body
+        //As the lambda body is translated, all references to lambda locals,
+        //captured variables, enclosing members are adjusted accordingly
+        //to refer to the static method parameters (rather than i.e. acessing to
+        //captured members directly).
+        lambdaDecl.body = translate(makeLambdaBody(tree, lambdaDecl));
+
+        //Add the method to the list of methods to be added to this class.
+        translatedMethodList = translatedMethodList.prepend(lambdaDecl);
+
+        //now that we have generated a method for the lambda expression,
+        //we can translate the lambda into a method reference pointing to the newly
+        //created method.
+        //
+        //Note that we need to adjust the method handle so that it will match the
+        //signature of the SAM descriptor - this means that the method reference
+        //should be added the following synthetic arguments:
+        //
+        // * the "this" argument if it is an instance method
+        // * enclosing locals captured by the lambda expression
+
+        ListBuffer<JCExpression> syntheticInits = ListBuffer.lb();
+
+        if (!sym.isStatic()) {
+            syntheticInits.append(makeThis(
+                    sym.owner.asType(),
+                    localContext.owner.enclClass()));
+        }
+
+        //add captured locals
+        for (Symbol fv : localContext.getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_VAR).keySet()) {
+            if (fv != localContext.self) {
+                JCTree captured_local = make.Ident(fv).setType(fv.type);
+                syntheticInits.append((JCExpression) captured_local);
+            }
+        }
+
+        //then, determine the arguments to the indy call
+        List<JCExpression> indy_args = translate(syntheticInits.toList(), localContext.prev);
+
+        //build a sam instance using an indy call to the meta-factory
+        int refKind = referenceKind(sym);
+
+        //convert to an invokedynamic call
+        result = makeMetaFactoryIndyCall(tree, tree.targetType, refKind, sym, indy_args);
+    }
+
+    private JCIdent makeThis(Type type, Symbol owner) {
+        VarSymbol _this = new VarSymbol(PARAMETER | FINAL | SYNTHETIC,
+                names._this,
+                type,
+                owner);
+        return make.Ident(_this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Translate a method reference into an invokedynamic call to the
+     * meta-factory.
+     * @param tree
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
+        ReferenceTranslationContext localContext = (ReferenceTranslationContext)context;
+
+        //first determine the method symbol to be used to generate the sam instance
+        //this is either the method reference symbol, or the bridged reference symbol
+        Symbol refSym = localContext.needsBridge() ?
+            localContext.bridgeSym :
+            tree.sym;
+
+        //build the bridge method, if needed
+        if (localContext.needsBridge()) {
+            bridgeMemberReference(tree, localContext);
+        }
+
+        //the qualifying expression is treated as a special captured arg
+        JCExpression init;
+        switch(tree.kind) {
+
+            case IMPLICIT_INNER:    /** Inner # new */
+            case SUPER:             /** super # instMethod */
+                init = makeThis(
+                    localContext.owner.owner.asType(),
+                    localContext.owner);
+                break;
+
+            case BOUND:             /** Expr # instMethod */
+                init = tree.getQualifierExpression();
+                break;
+
+            case STATIC_EVAL:       /** Expr # staticMethod */
+            case UNBOUND:           /** Type # instMethod */
+            case STATIC:            /** Type # staticMethod */
+            case TOPLEVEL:          /** Top level # new */
+                init = null;
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                throw new InternalError("Should not have an invalid kind");
+        }
+
+        List<JCExpression> indy_args = init==null? List.<JCExpression>nil() : translate(List.of(init), localContext.prev);
+
+
+        //build a sam instance using an indy call to the meta-factory
+        result = makeMetaFactoryIndyCall(tree, tree.targetType, localContext.referenceKind(), refSym, indy_args);
+
+        //if we had a static reference with non-static qualifier, add a let
+        //expression to force the evaluation of the qualifier expr
+        if (tree.hasKind(ReferenceKind.STATIC_EVAL)) {
+            VarSymbol rec = new VarSymbol(0, names.fromString("rec$"), tree.getQualifierExpression().type, localContext.owner);
+            JCVariableDecl recDef = make.VarDef(rec, tree.getQualifierExpression());
+            result = make.LetExpr(recDef, result).setType(tree.type);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Translate identifiers within a lambda to the mapped identifier
+     * @param tree
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
+        if (context == null || !analyzer.lambdaIdentSymbolFilter(tree.sym)) {
+            super.visitIdent(tree);
+        } else {
+            LambdaTranslationContext lambdaContext = (LambdaTranslationContext) context;
+            if (lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(PARAM).containsKey(tree.sym)) {
+                Symbol translatedSym = lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(PARAM).get(tree.sym);
+                result = make.Ident(translatedSym).setType(tree.type);
+            } else if (lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(LOCAL_VAR).containsKey(tree.sym)) {
+                Symbol translatedSym = lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(LOCAL_VAR).get(tree.sym);
+                result = make.Ident(translatedSym).setType(tree.type);
+            } else if (lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_VAR).containsKey(tree.sym)) {
+                Symbol translatedSym = lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_VAR).get(tree.sym);
+                result = make.Ident(translatedSym).setType(tree.type);
+            } else {
+                if (tree.sym.owner.kind == Kinds.TYP) {
+                    for (Map.Entry<Symbol, Symbol> encl_entry : lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_THIS).entrySet()) {
+                        if (tree.sym.isMemberOf((ClassSymbol) encl_entry.getKey(), types)) {
+                            JCExpression enclRef = make.Ident(encl_entry.getValue());
+                            result = tree.sym.name == names._this
+                                    ? enclRef.setType(tree.type)
+                                    : make.Select(enclRef, tree.sym).setType(tree.type);
+                            result = tree;
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                //access to untranslated symbols (i.e. compile-time constants,
+                //members defined inside the lambda body, etc.) )
+                super.visitIdent(tree);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
+        LambdaTranslationContext lambdaContext = (LambdaTranslationContext)context;
+        if (context != null && lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(LOCAL_VAR).containsKey(tree.sym)) {
+            JCExpression init = translate(tree.init);
+            result = make.VarDef((VarSymbol)lambdaContext.getSymbolMap(LOCAL_VAR).get(tree.sym), init);
+        } else {
+            super.visitVarDef(tree);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Translation helper methods">
+
+    private JCBlock makeLambdaBody(JCLambda tree, JCMethodDecl lambdaMethodDecl) {
+        return tree.getBodyKind() == JCLambda.BodyKind.EXPRESSION ?
+                makeLambdaExpressionBody((JCExpression)tree.body, lambdaMethodDecl) :
+                makeLambdaStatementBody((JCBlock)tree.body, lambdaMethodDecl, tree.canCompleteNormally);
+    }
+
+    private JCBlock makeLambdaExpressionBody(JCExpression expr, JCMethodDecl lambdaMethodDecl) {
+        Type restype = lambdaMethodDecl.type.getReturnType();
+        boolean isLambda_void = expr.type.hasTag(VOID);
+        boolean isTarget_void = restype.hasTag(VOID);
+        boolean isTarget_Void = types.isSameType(restype, types.boxedClass(syms.voidType).type);
+        if (isTarget_void) {
+            //target is void:
+            // BODY;
+            JCStatement stat = make.Exec(expr);
+            return make.Block(0, List.<JCStatement>of(stat));
+        } else if (isLambda_void && isTarget_Void) {
+            //void to Void conversion:
+            // BODY; return null;
+            ListBuffer<JCStatement> stats = ListBuffer.lb();
+            stats.append(make.Exec(expr));
+            stats.append(make.Return(make.Literal(BOT, null).setType(syms.botType)));
+            return make.Block(0, stats.toList());
+        } else {
+            //non-void to non-void conversion:
+            // return (TYPE)BODY;
+            JCExpression retExpr = transTypes.coerce(attrEnv, expr, restype);
+            return make.Block(0, List.<JCStatement>of(make.Return(retExpr)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private JCBlock makeLambdaStatementBody(JCBlock block, final JCMethodDecl lambdaMethodDecl, boolean completeNormally) {
+        final Type restype = lambdaMethodDecl.type.getReturnType();
+        final boolean isTarget_void = restype.hasTag(VOID);
+        boolean isTarget_Void = types.isSameType(restype, types.boxedClass(syms.voidType).type);
+
+        class LambdaBodyTranslator extends TreeTranslator {
+
+            @Override
+            public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
+                //do NOT recurse on any inner classes
+                result = tree;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
+                //do NOT recurse on any nested lambdas
+                result = tree;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
+                boolean isLambda_void = tree.expr == null;
+                if (isTarget_void && !isLambda_void) {
+                    //Void to void conversion:
+                    // { TYPE $loc = RET-EXPR; return; }
+                    VarSymbol loc = makeSyntheticVar(0, names.fromString("$loc"), tree.expr.type, lambdaMethodDecl.sym);
+                    JCVariableDecl varDef = make.VarDef(loc, tree.expr);
+                    result = make.Block(0, List.<JCStatement>of(varDef, make.Return(null)));
+                } else if (!isTarget_void || !isLambda_void) {
+                    //non-void to non-void conversion:
+                    // return (TYPE)RET-EXPR;
+                    tree.expr = transTypes.coerce(attrEnv, tree.expr, restype);
+                    result = tree;
+                } else {
+                    result = tree;
+                }
+
+            }
+        }
+
+        JCBlock trans_block = new LambdaBodyTranslator().translate(block);
+        if (completeNormally && isTarget_Void) {
+            //there's no return statement and the lambda (possibly inferred)
+            //return type is java.lang.Void; emit a synthetic return statement
+            trans_block.stats = trans_block.stats.append(make.Return(make.Literal(BOT, null).setType(syms.botType)));
+        }
+        return trans_block;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create new synthetic method with given flags, name, type, owner
+     */
+    private MethodSymbol makeSyntheticMethod(long flags, Name name, Type type, Symbol owner) {
+        return new MethodSymbol(flags | SYNTHETIC, name, type, owner);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create new synthetic variable with given flags, name, type, owner
+     */
+    private VarSymbol makeSyntheticVar(long flags, String name, Type type, Symbol owner) {
+        return makeSyntheticVar(flags, names.fromString(name), type, owner);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create new synthetic variable with given flags, name, type, owner
+     */
+    private VarSymbol makeSyntheticVar(long flags, Name name, Type type, Symbol owner) {
+        return new VarSymbol(flags | SYNTHETIC, name, type, owner);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set varargsElement field on a given tree (must be either a new class tree
+     * or a method call tree)
+     */
+    private void setVarargsIfNeeded(JCTree tree, Type varargsElement) {
+        if (varargsElement != null) {
+            switch (tree.getTag()) {
+                case APPLY: ((JCMethodInvocation)tree).varargsElement = varargsElement; break;
+                case NEWCLASS: ((JCNewClass)tree).varargsElement = varargsElement; break;
+                default: throw new AssertionError();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert method/constructor arguments by inserting appropriate cast
+     * as required by type-erasure - this is needed when bridging a lambda/method
+     * reference, as the bridged signature might require downcast to be compatible
+     * with the generated signature.
+     */
+    private List<JCExpression> convertArgs(Symbol meth, List<JCExpression> args, Type varargsElement) {
+       Assert.check(meth.kind == Kinds.MTH);
+       List<Type> formals = types.erasure(meth.type).getParameterTypes();
+       if (varargsElement != null) {
+           Assert.check((meth.flags() & VARARGS) != 0);
+       }
+       return transTypes.translateArgs(args, formals, varargsElement, attrEnv);
+    }
+
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    private MethodSymbol makeSamDescriptor(Type targetType) {
+        return (MethodSymbol)types.findDescriptorSymbol(targetType.tsym);
+    }
+
+    private Type makeFunctionalDescriptorType(Type targetType, MethodSymbol samDescriptor, boolean erased) {
+        Type descType = types.memberType(targetType, samDescriptor);
+        return erased ? types.erasure(descType) : descType;
+    }
+
+    private Type makeFunctionalDescriptorType(Type targetType, boolean erased) {
+        return makeFunctionalDescriptorType(targetType, makeSamDescriptor(targetType), erased);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate an adapter method "bridge" for a method reference which cannot
+     * be used directly.
+     */
+    private class MemberReferenceBridger {
+
+        private final JCMemberReference tree;
+        private final ReferenceTranslationContext localContext;
+        private final ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = ListBuffer.lb();
+        private final ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = ListBuffer.lb();
+
+        MemberReferenceBridger(JCMemberReference tree, ReferenceTranslationContext localContext) {
+            this.tree = tree;
+            this.localContext = localContext;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Generate the bridge
+         */
+        JCMethodDecl bridge() {
+            int prevPos = make.pos;
+            try {
+                make.at(tree);
+                Type samDesc = localContext.bridgedRefSig();
+                List<Type> samPTypes = samDesc.getParameterTypes();
+
+                //an extra argument is prepended to the signature of the bridge in case
+                //the member reference is an instance method reference (in which case
+                //the receiver expression is passed to the bridge itself).
+                Type recType = null;
+                switch (tree.kind) {
+                    case IMPLICIT_INNER:
+                        recType = tree.sym.owner.type.getEnclosingType();
+                        break;
+                    case BOUND:
+                        recType = tree.getQualifierExpression().type;
+                        break;
+                    case UNBOUND:
+                        recType = samPTypes.head;
+                        samPTypes = samPTypes.tail;
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                //generate the parameter list for the bridged member reference - the
+                //bridge signature will match the signature of the target sam descriptor
+
+                VarSymbol rcvr = (recType == null)
+                        ? null
+                        : addParameter("rec$", recType, false);
+
+                List<Type> refPTypes = tree.sym.type.getParameterTypes();
+                int refSize = refPTypes.size();
+                int samSize = samPTypes.size();
+                int last = localContext.needsVarArgsConversion() ? refSize - 1 : refSize;   // Last parameter to copy from referenced method
+
+                List<Type> l = refPTypes;
+                // Use parameter types of the referenced method, excluding final var args
+                for (int i = 0; l.nonEmpty() && i < last; ++i) {
+                    addParameter("x$" + i, l.head, true);
+                    l = l.tail;
+                }
+                // Flatten out the var args
+                for (int i = last; i < samSize; ++i) {
+                    addParameter("xva$" + i, tree.varargsElement, true);
+                }
+
+                //generate the bridge method declaration
+                JCMethodDecl bridgeDecl = make.MethodDef(make.Modifiers(localContext.bridgeSym.flags()),
+                        localContext.bridgeSym.name,
+                        make.QualIdent(samDesc.getReturnType().tsym),
+                        List.<JCTypeParameter>nil(),
+                        params.toList(),
+                        tree.sym.type.getThrownTypes() == null
+                        ? List.<JCExpression>nil()
+                        : make.Types(tree.sym.type.getThrownTypes()),
+                        null,
+                        null);
+                bridgeDecl.sym = (MethodSymbol) localContext.bridgeSym;
+                bridgeDecl.type = localContext.bridgeSym.type = types.createMethodTypeWithParameters(samDesc, TreeInfo.types(params.toList()));
+
+                //bridge method body generation - this can be either a method call or a
+                //new instance creation expression, depending on the member reference kind
+                JCExpression bridgeExpr = (tree.getMode() == ReferenceMode.INVOKE)
+                        ? bridgeExpressionInvoke(rcvr)
+                        : bridgeExpressionNew();
+
+                //the body is either a return expression containing a method call,
+                //or the method call itself, depending on whether the return type of
+                //the bridge is non-void/void.
+                bridgeDecl.body = makeLambdaExpressionBody(bridgeExpr, bridgeDecl);
+
+                return bridgeDecl;
+            } finally {
+                make.at(prevPos);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * determine the receiver of the bridged method call - the receiver can
+         * be either the synthetic receiver parameter or a type qualifier; the
+         * original qualifier expression is never used here, as it might refer
+         * to symbols not available in the static context of the bridge
+         */
+        private JCExpression bridgeExpressionInvoke(VarSymbol rcvr) {
+            JCExpression qualifier =
+                    tree.sym.isStatic() ?
+                        make.Type(tree.sym.owner.type) :
+                        (rcvr != null) ?
+                            make.Ident(rcvr) :
+                            tree.getQualifierExpression();
+
+            //create the qualifier expression
+            JCFieldAccess select = make.Select(qualifier, tree.sym.name);
+            select.sym = tree.sym;
+            select.type = tree.sym.erasure(types);
+
+            //create the method call expression
+            JCExpression apply = make.Apply(List.<JCExpression>nil(), select,
+                    convertArgs(tree.sym, args.toList(), tree.varargsElement)).setType(tree.sym.erasure(types).getReturnType());
+
+            apply = transTypes.coerce(apply, localContext.generatedRefSig().getReturnType());
+            setVarargsIfNeeded(apply, tree.varargsElement);
+            return apply;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * the enclosing expression is either 'null' (no enclosing type) or set
+         * to the first bridge synthetic parameter
+         */
+        private JCExpression bridgeExpressionNew() {
+            JCExpression encl = null;
+            switch (tree.kind) {
+                case UNBOUND:
+                case IMPLICIT_INNER:
+                    encl = make.Ident(params.first());
+            }
+
+            //create the instance creation expression
+            JCNewClass newClass = make.NewClass(encl,
+                    List.<JCExpression>nil(),
+                    make.Type(tree.getQualifierExpression().type),
+                    convertArgs(tree.sym, args.toList(), tree.varargsElement),
+                    null);
+            newClass.constructor = tree.sym;
+            newClass.constructorType = tree.sym.erasure(types);
+            newClass.type = tree.getQualifierExpression().type;
+            setVarargsIfNeeded(newClass, tree.varargsElement);
+            return newClass;
+        }
+
+        private VarSymbol addParameter(String name, Type p, boolean genArg) {
+            VarSymbol vsym = new VarSymbol(0, names.fromString(name), p, localContext.bridgeSym);
+            params.append(make.VarDef(vsym, null));
+            if (genArg) {
+                args.append(make.Ident(vsym));
+            }
+            return vsym;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Bridges a member reference - this is needed when:
+     * * Var args in the referenced method need to be flattened away
+     * * super is used
+     */
+    private void bridgeMemberReference(JCMemberReference tree, ReferenceTranslationContext localContext) {
+        JCMethodDecl bridgeDecl = (new MemberReferenceBridger(tree, localContext).bridge());
+        translatedMethodList = translatedMethodList.prepend(bridgeDecl);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate an indy method call to the meta factory
+     */
+    private JCExpression makeMetaFactoryIndyCall(JCExpression tree, Type targetType, int refKind, Symbol refSym, List<JCExpression> indy_args) {
+        //determine the static bsm args
+        Type mtype = makeFunctionalDescriptorType(targetType, true);
+        List<Object> staticArgs = List.<Object>of(
+                new Pool.MethodHandle(ClassFile.REF_invokeInterface, types.findDescriptorSymbol(targetType.tsym)),
+                new Pool.MethodHandle(refKind, refSym),
+                new MethodType(mtype.getParameterTypes(),
+                        mtype.getReturnType(),
+                        mtype.getThrownTypes(),
+                        syms.methodClass));
+
+        //computed indy arg types
+        ListBuffer<Type> indy_args_types = ListBuffer.lb();
+        for (JCExpression arg : indy_args) {
+            indy_args_types.append(arg.type);
+        }
+
+        //finally, compute the type of the indy call
+        MethodType indyType = new MethodType(indy_args_types.toList(),
+                tree.type,
+                List.<Type>nil(),
+                syms.methodClass);
+
+        return makeIndyCall(tree, syms.lambdaMetafactory, names.metaFactory, staticArgs, indyType, indy_args);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate an indy method call with given name, type and static bootstrap
+     * arguments types
+     */
+    private JCExpression makeIndyCall(DiagnosticPosition pos, Type site, Name bsmName, List<Object> staticArgs, MethodType indyType, List<JCExpression> indyArgs) {
+        int prevPos = make.pos;
+        try {
+            make.at(pos);
+            List<Type> bsm_staticArgs = List.of(syms.methodHandleLookupType,
+                    syms.stringType,
+                    syms.methodTypeType).appendList(bsmStaticArgToTypes(staticArgs));
+
+            Symbol bsm = rs.resolveInternalMethod(pos, attrEnv, site,
+                    bsmName, bsm_staticArgs, List.<Type>nil());
+
+            DynamicMethodSymbol dynSym =
+                    new DynamicMethodSymbol(names.lambda,
+                                            syms.noSymbol,
+                                            bsm.isStatic() ? ClassFile.REF_invokeStatic : ClassFile.REF_invokeVirtual,
+                                            (MethodSymbol)bsm,
+                                            indyType,
+                                            staticArgs.toArray());
+
+            JCFieldAccess qualifier = make.Select(make.QualIdent(site.tsym), bsmName);
+            qualifier.sym = dynSym;
+            qualifier.type = indyType.getReturnType();
+
+            JCMethodInvocation proxyCall = make.Apply(List.<JCExpression>nil(), qualifier, indyArgs);
+            proxyCall.type = indyType.getReturnType();
+            return proxyCall;
+        } finally {
+            make.at(prevPos);
+        }
+    }
+    //where
+    private List<Type> bsmStaticArgToTypes(List<Object> args) {
+        ListBuffer<Type> argtypes = ListBuffer.lb();
+        for (Object arg : args) {
+            argtypes.append(bsmStaticArgToType(arg));
+        }
+        return argtypes.toList();
+    }
+
+    private Type bsmStaticArgToType(Object arg) {
+        Assert.checkNonNull(arg);
+        if (arg instanceof ClassSymbol) {
+            return syms.classType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof Integer) {
+            return syms.intType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof Long) {
+            return syms.longType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof Float) {
+            return syms.floatType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof Double) {
+            return syms.doubleType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof String) {
+            return syms.stringType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof Pool.MethodHandle) {
+            return syms.methodHandleType;
+        } else if (arg instanceof MethodType) {
+            return syms.methodTypeType;
+        } else {
+            Assert.error("bad static arg " + arg.getClass());
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the opcode associated with this method reference
+     */
+    private int referenceKind(Symbol refSym) {
+        if (refSym.isConstructor()) {
+            return ClassFile.REF_newInvokeSpecial;
+        } else {
+            if (refSym.isStatic()) {
+                return ClassFile.REF_invokeStatic;
+            } else if (refSym.enclClass().isInterface()) {
+                return ClassFile.REF_invokeInterface;
+            } else {
+                return ClassFile.REF_invokeVirtual;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Lambda/reference analyzer">\
+    /**
+     * This visitor collects information about translation of a lambda expression.
+     * More specifically, it keeps track of the enclosing contexts and captured locals
+     * accessed by the lambda being translated (as well as other useful info).
+     */
+    class LambdaAnalyzer extends TreeScanner {
+
+        /** the frame stack - used to reconstruct translation info about enclosing scopes */
+        private List<Frame> frameStack;
+
+        /**
+         * keep the count of lambda expression (used to generate unambiguous
+         * names)
+         */
+        private int lambdaCount = 0;
+
+        private void analyzeClass(JCClassDecl tree) {
+            frameStack = List.nil();
+            scan(tree);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitBlock(JCBlock tree) {
+            List<Frame> prevStack = frameStack;
+            try {
+                if (frameStack.nonEmpty() && frameStack.head.tree.hasTag(CLASSDEF)) {
+                    frameStack = frameStack.prepend(new Frame(tree));
+                }
+                super.visitBlock(tree);
+            }
+            finally {
+                frameStack = prevStack;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
+            List<Frame> prevStack = frameStack;
+            try {
+                if (frameStack.nonEmpty() && enclosingLambda() != null) {
+                    tree.sym.owner = owner();
+                    LambdaTranslationContext lambdaContext = (LambdaTranslationContext)contextMap.get(enclosingLambda());
+                    Type encl = lambdaContext.enclosingType();
+                    if (encl.hasTag(NONE)) {
+                        //if the translated lambda body occurs in a static context,
+                        //any class declaration within it must be made static
+                        tree.sym.flags_field |= STATIC;
+                        ((ClassType)tree.sym.type).setEnclosingType(Type.noType);
+                    } else {
+                        //if the translated lambda body is in an instance context
+                        //the enclosing type of any class declaration within it
+                        //must be updated to point to the new enclosing type (if any)
+                        ((ClassType)tree.sym.type).setEnclosingType(encl);
+                    }
+                }
+                frameStack = frameStack.prepend(new Frame(tree));
+                super.visitClassDef(tree);
+            }
+            finally {
+                frameStack = prevStack;
+            }
+            if (frameStack.nonEmpty() && enclosingLambda() != null) {
+                // Any class defined within a lambda is an implicit 'this' reference
+                // because its constructor will reference the enclosing class
+                ((LambdaTranslationContext) context()).addSymbol(tree.sym.type.getEnclosingType().tsym, CAPTURED_THIS);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
+            if (context() == null || !lambdaIdentSymbolFilter(tree.sym)) {
+                super.visitIdent(tree);
+            } else {
+                if (tree.sym.kind == VAR &&
+                        tree.sym.owner.kind == MTH &&
+                        tree.type.constValue() == null) {
+                    TranslationContext<?> localContext = context();
+                    while (localContext != null) {
+                        if (localContext.tree.getTag() == LAMBDA) {
+                            JCTree block = capturedDecl(localContext.depth, tree.sym);
+                            if (block == null) break;
+                            ((LambdaTranslationContext)localContext).addSymbol(tree.sym, CAPTURED_VAR);
+                        }
+                        localContext = localContext.prev;
+                    }
+                } else if (tree.sym.owner.kind == TYP) {
+                    TranslationContext<?> localContext = context();
+                    while (localContext != null) {
+                        if (localContext.tree.hasTag(LAMBDA)) {
+                            JCTree block = capturedDecl(localContext.depth, tree.sym);
+                            if (block == null) break;
+                            switch (block.getTag()) {
+                                case CLASSDEF:
+                                    JCClassDecl cdecl = (JCClassDecl)block;
+                                    ((LambdaTranslationContext)localContext).addSymbol(cdecl.sym, CAPTURED_THIS);
+                                    break;
+                                default:
+                                    Assert.error("bad block kind");
+                            }
+                        }
+                        localContext = localContext.prev;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
+            List<Frame> prevStack = frameStack;
+            try {
+                LambdaTranslationContext context = (LambdaTranslationContext)makeLambdaContext(tree);
+                frameStack = frameStack.prepend(new Frame(tree));
+                for (JCVariableDecl param : tree.params) {
+                    context.addSymbol(param.sym, PARAM);
+                    frameStack.head.addLocal(param.sym);
+                }
+                contextMap.put(tree, context);
+                scan(tree.body);
+                context.complete();
+            }
+            finally {
+                frameStack = prevStack;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
+            List<Frame> prevStack = frameStack;
+            try {
+                frameStack = frameStack.prepend(new Frame(tree));
+                super.visitMethodDef(tree);
+            }
+            finally {
+                frameStack = prevStack;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
+            if (lambdaNewClassFilter(context(), tree)) {
+                ((LambdaTranslationContext) context()).addSymbol(tree.type.getEnclosingType().tsym, CAPTURED_THIS);
+            }
+            super.visitNewClass(tree);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
+            scan(tree.getQualifierExpression());
+            contextMap.put(tree, makeReferenceContext(tree));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
+            if (context() != null && lambdaSelectSymbolFilter(tree.sym)) {
+                TranslationContext<?> localContext = context();
+                while (localContext != null) {
+                    if (localContext.tree.hasTag(LAMBDA)) {
+                        JCClassDecl clazz = (JCClassDecl)capturedDecl(localContext.depth, tree.sym);
+                        if (clazz == null) break;
+                        ((LambdaTranslationContext)localContext).addSymbol(clazz.sym, CAPTURED_THIS);
+                    }
+                    localContext = localContext.prev;
+                }
+                scan(tree.selected);
+            } else {
+                super.visitSelect(tree);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
+            if (frameStack.head.tree.hasTag(LAMBDA)) {
+                ((LambdaTranslationContext)context()).addSymbol(tree.sym, LOCAL_VAR);
+            }
+            List<Frame> prevStack = frameStack;
+            try {
+                if (tree.sym.owner.kind == MTH) {
+                    frameStack.head.addLocal(tree.sym);
+                }
+                frameStack = frameStack.prepend(new Frame(tree));
+                super.visitVarDef(tree);
+            }
+            finally {
+                frameStack = prevStack;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Name lambdaName() {
+            return names.lambda.append(names.fromString("$" + lambdaCount++));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a valid owner given the current declaration stack
+         * (required to skip synthetic lambda symbols)
+         */
+        private Symbol owner() {
+            List<Frame> frameStack2 = frameStack;
+            while (frameStack2.nonEmpty()) {
+                switch (frameStack2.head.tree.getTag()) {
+                    case VARDEF:
+                        if (((JCVariableDecl)frameStack2.head.tree).sym.isLocal()) {
+                            frameStack2 = frameStack2.tail;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        JCClassDecl cdecl = (JCClassDecl)frameStack2.tail.head.tree;
+                        return makeSyntheticMethod(((JCVariableDecl)frameStack2.head.tree).sym.flags() & STATIC, names.empty, null, cdecl.sym);
+                    case BLOCK:
+                        JCClassDecl cdecl2 = (JCClassDecl)frameStack2.tail.head.tree;
+                        return makeSyntheticMethod(((JCBlock)frameStack2.head.tree).flags & STATIC | Flags.BLOCK, names.empty, null, cdecl2.sym);
+                    case CLASSDEF:
+                        return ((JCClassDecl)frameStack2.head.tree).sym;
+                    case METHODDEF:
+                        return ((JCMethodDecl)frameStack2.head.tree).sym;
+                    case LAMBDA:
+                        return ((LambdaTranslationContext)contextMap.get(frameStack2.head.tree)).translatedSym;
+                    default:
+                        frameStack2 = frameStack2.tail;
+                }
+            }
+            Assert.error();
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private JCTree enclosingLambda() {
+            List<Frame> frameStack2 = frameStack;
+            while (frameStack2.nonEmpty()) {
+                switch (frameStack2.head.tree.getTag()) {
+                    case CLASSDEF:
+                    case METHODDEF:
+                        return null;
+                    case LAMBDA:
+                        return frameStack2.head.tree;
+                    default:
+                        frameStack2 = frameStack2.tail;
+                }
+            }
+            Assert.error();
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the declaration corresponding to a symbol in the enclosing
+         * scope; the depth parameter is used to filter out symbols defined
+         * in nested scopes (which do not need to undergo capture).
+         */
+        private JCTree capturedDecl(int depth, Symbol sym) {
+            int currentDepth = frameStack.size() - 1;
+            for (Frame block : frameStack) {
+                switch (block.tree.getTag()) {
+                    case CLASSDEF:
+                        ClassSymbol clazz = ((JCClassDecl)block.tree).sym;
+                        if (sym.isMemberOf(clazz, types)) {
+                            return currentDepth > depth ? null : block.tree;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case VARDEF:
+                        if (((JCVariableDecl)block.tree).sym == sym &&
+                                sym.owner.kind == MTH) { //only locals are captured
+                            return currentDepth > depth ? null : block.tree;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case BLOCK:
+                    case METHODDEF:
+                    case LAMBDA:
+                        if (block.locals != null && block.locals.contains(sym)) {
+                            return currentDepth > depth ? null : block.tree;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        Assert.error("bad decl kind " + block.tree.getTag());
+                }
+                currentDepth--;
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private TranslationContext<?> context() {
+            for (Frame frame : frameStack) {
+                TranslationContext<?> context = contextMap.get(frame.tree);
+                if (context != null) {
+                    return context;
+                }
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         *  This is used to filter out those identifiers that needs to be adjusted
+         *  when translating away lambda expressions
+         */
+        private boolean lambdaIdentSymbolFilter(Symbol sym) {
+            return (sym.kind == VAR || sym.kind == MTH)
+                    && !sym.isStatic()
+                    && sym.name != names.init;
+        }
+
+        private boolean lambdaSelectSymbolFilter(Symbol sym) {
+            return (sym.kind == VAR || sym.kind == MTH) &&
+                        !sym.isStatic() &&
+                        (sym.name == names._this ||
+                        sym.name == names._super);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This is used to filter out those new class expressions that need to
+         * be qualified with an enclosing tree
+         */
+        private boolean lambdaNewClassFilter(TranslationContext<?> context, JCNewClass tree) {
+            if (context != null
+                    && tree.encl == null
+                    && tree.def == null
+                    && tree.type.getEnclosingType().hasTag(NONE)) {
+                Type encl = tree.type.getEnclosingType();
+                Type current = context.owner.enclClass().type;
+                while (current.hasTag(NONE)) {
+                    if (current.tsym.isSubClass(encl.tsym, types)) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    current = current.getEnclosingType();
+                }
+                return false;
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private TranslationContext<JCLambda> makeLambdaContext(JCLambda tree) {
+            return new LambdaTranslationContext(tree);
+        }
+
+        private TranslationContext<JCMemberReference> makeReferenceContext(JCMemberReference tree) {
+            return new ReferenceTranslationContext(tree);
+        }
+
+        private class Frame {
+            final JCTree tree;
+            List<Symbol> locals;
+
+            public Frame(JCTree tree) {
+                this.tree = tree;
+            }
+
+            void addLocal(Symbol sym) {
+                if (locals == null) {
+                    locals = List.nil();
+                }
+                locals = locals.prepend(sym);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This class is used to store important information regarding translation of
+         * lambda expression/method references (see subclasses).
+         */
+        private abstract class TranslationContext<T extends JCTree> {
+
+            /** the underlying (untranslated) tree */
+            T tree;
+
+            /** points to the adjusted enclosing scope in which this lambda/mref expression occurs */
+            Symbol owner;
+
+            /** the depth of this lambda expression in the frame stack */
+            int depth;
+
+            /** the enclosing translation context (set for nested lambdas/mref) */
+            TranslationContext<?> prev;
+
+            TranslationContext(T tree) {
+                this.tree = tree;
+                this.owner = owner();
+                this.depth = frameStack.size() - 1;
+                this.prev = context();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This class retains all the useful information about a lambda expression;
+         * the contents of this class are filled by the LambdaAnalyzer visitor,
+         * and the used by the main translation routines in order to adjust references
+         * to captured locals/members, etc.
+         */
+        private class LambdaTranslationContext extends TranslationContext<JCLambda> {
+
+            /** variable in the enclosing context to which this lambda is assigned */
+            Symbol self;
+
+            /** map from original to translated lambda parameters */
+            Map<Symbol, Symbol> lambdaParams = new LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol>();
+
+            /** map from original to translated lambda locals */
+            Map<Symbol, Symbol> lambdaLocals = new LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol>();
+
+            /** map from variables in enclosing scope to translated synthetic parameters */
+            Map<Symbol, Symbol> capturedLocals  = new LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol>();
+
+            /** map from class symbols to translated synthetic parameters (for captured member access) */
+            Map<Symbol, Symbol> capturedThis = new LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol>();
+
+            /** the synthetic symbol for the method hoisting the translated lambda */
+            Symbol translatedSym;
+
+            List<JCVariableDecl> syntheticParams;
+
+            LambdaTranslationContext(JCLambda tree) {
+                super(tree);
+                Frame frame = frameStack.head;
+                if (frame.tree.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
+                    self = ((JCVariableDecl)frame.tree).sym;
+                }
+                this.translatedSym = makeSyntheticMethod(0, lambdaName(), null, owner.enclClass());
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Translate a symbol of a given kind into something suitable for the
+             * synthetic lambda body
+             */
+            Symbol translate(String name, Symbol sym, LambdaSymbolKind skind) {
+                if (skind == CAPTURED_THIS) {
+                    return sym;  // self represented
+                } else {
+                    return makeSyntheticVar(FINAL, name, types.erasure(sym.type), translatedSym);
+                }
+            }
+
+            void addSymbol(Symbol sym, LambdaSymbolKind skind) {
+                Map<Symbol, Symbol> transMap = null;
+                String preferredName;
+                switch (skind) {
+                    case CAPTURED_THIS:
+                        transMap = capturedThis;
+                        preferredName = "encl$" + capturedThis.size();
+                        break;
+                    case CAPTURED_VAR:
+                        transMap = capturedLocals;
+                        preferredName = "cap$" + capturedLocals.size();
+                        break;
+                    case LOCAL_VAR:
+                        transMap = lambdaLocals;
+                        preferredName = sym.name.toString();
+                        break;
+                    case PARAM:
+                        transMap = lambdaParams;
+                        preferredName = sym.name.toString();
+                        break;
+                    default: throw new AssertionError();
+                }
+                if (!transMap.containsKey(sym)) {
+                    transMap.put(sym, translate(preferredName, sym, skind));
+                }
+            }
+
+            Map<Symbol, Symbol> getSymbolMap(LambdaSymbolKind... skinds) {
+                LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol> translationMap = new LinkedHashMap<Symbol, Symbol>();
+                for (LambdaSymbolKind skind : skinds) {
+                    switch (skind) {
+                        case CAPTURED_THIS:
+                            translationMap.putAll(capturedThis);
+                            break;
+                        case CAPTURED_VAR:
+                            translationMap.putAll(capturedLocals);
+                            break;
+                        case LOCAL_VAR:
+                            translationMap.putAll(lambdaLocals);
+                            break;
+                        case PARAM:
+                            translationMap.putAll(lambdaParams);
+                            break;
+                        default: throw new AssertionError();
+                    }
+                }
+                return translationMap;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * The translatedSym is not complete/accurate until the analysis is
+             * finished.  Once the analysis is finished, the translatedSym is
+             * "completed" -- updated with type information, access modifiers,
+             * and full parameter list.
+             */
+            void complete() {
+                if (syntheticParams != null) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                boolean inInterface = translatedSym.owner.isInterface();
+                boolean thisReferenced = !getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_THIS).isEmpty();
+                boolean needInstance = thisReferenced || inInterface;
+
+                // If instance access isn't needed, make it static
+                // Interface methods much be public default methods, otherwise make it private
+                translatedSym.flags_field = SYNTHETIC | (needInstance? 0 : STATIC) | (inInterface? PUBLIC | DEFAULT : PRIVATE);
+
+                //compute synthetic params
+                ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = ListBuffer.lb();
+
+                // The signature of the method is augmented with the following
+                // synthetic parameters:
+                //
+                // 1) reference to enclosing contexts captured by the lambda expression
+                // 2) enclosing locals captured by the lambda expression
+                for (Symbol thisSym : getSymbolMap(CAPTURED_VAR, PARAM).values()) {
+                    params.append(make.VarDef((VarSymbol) thisSym, null));
+                }
+
+                syntheticParams = params.toList();
+
+                //prepend synthetic args to translated lambda method signature
+                translatedSym.type = (MethodType) types.createMethodTypeWithParameters(
+                        (MethodType) generatedLambdaSig(),
+                        TreeInfo.types(syntheticParams));
+            }
+
+            Type enclosingType() {
+                //local inner classes defined inside a lambda are always non-static
+                return owner.enclClass().type;
+            }
+
+            Type generatedLambdaSig() {
+                return types.erasure(types.findDescriptorType(tree.targetType));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This class retains all the useful information about a method reference;
+         * the contents of this class are filled by the LambdaAnalyzer visitor,
+         * and the used by the main translation routines in order to adjust method
+         * references (i.e. in case a bridge is needed)
+         */
+        private class ReferenceTranslationContext extends TranslationContext<JCMemberReference> {
+
+            final boolean isSuper;
+            final Symbol bridgeSym;
+
+            ReferenceTranslationContext(JCMemberReference tree) {
+                super(tree);
+                this.isSuper = tree.hasKind(ReferenceKind.SUPER);
+                this.bridgeSym = needsBridge()
+                        ? makeSyntheticMethod(isSuper ? 0 : STATIC,
+                                              lambdaName().append(names.fromString("$bridge")), null,
+                                              owner.enclClass())
+                        : null;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Get the opcode associated with this method reference
+             */
+            int referenceKind() {
+                return LambdaToMethod.this.referenceKind(needsBridge() ? bridgeSym : tree.sym);
+            }
+
+            boolean needsVarArgsConversion() {
+                return tree.varargsElement != null;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * @return Is this an array operation like clone()
+             */
+            boolean isArrayOp() {
+                return tree.sym.owner == syms.arrayClass;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Does this reference needs a bridge (i.e. var args need to be
+             * expanded or "super" is used)
+             */
+            final boolean needsBridge() {
+                return isSuper || needsVarArgsConversion() || isArrayOp();
+            }
+
+            Type generatedRefSig() {
+                return types.erasure(tree.sym.type);
+            }
+
+            Type bridgedRefSig() {
+                return types.erasure(types.findDescriptorSymbol(tree.targetType.tsym).type);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // </editor-fold>
+
+    enum LambdaSymbolKind {
+        CAPTURED_VAR,
+        CAPTURED_THIS,
+        LOCAL_VAR,
+        PARAM;
+    }
+}
--- a/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransTypes.java	Fri Oct 26 18:40:13 2012 -0700
+++ b/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/comp/TransTypes.java	Mon Oct 29 10:39:49 2012 -0700
@@ -120,6 +120,16 @@
      *  @param tree    The expression tree.
      *  @param target  The target type.
      */
+    public JCExpression coerce(Env<AttrContext> env, JCExpression tree, Type target) {
+        Env<AttrContext> prevEnv = this.env;
+        try {
+            this.env = env;
+            return coerce(tree, target);
+        }
+        finally {
+            this.env = prevEnv;
+        }
+    }
     JCExpression coerce(JCExpression tree, Type target) {
         Type btarget = target.baseType();
         if (tree.type.isPrimitive() == target.isPrimitive()) {
@@ -196,6 +206,20 @@
         return _args;
     }
 
+    public <T extends JCTree> List<T> translateArgs(List<T> _args,
+                                           List<Type> parameters,
+                                           Type varargsElement,
+                                           Env<AttrContext> localEnv) {
+        Env<AttrContext> prevEnv = env;
+        try {
+            env = localEnv;
+            return translateArgs(_args, parameters, varargsElement);
+        }
+        finally {
+            env = prevEnv;
+        }
+    }
+
     /** Add a bridge definition and enter corresponding method symbol in
      *  local scope of origin.
      *
@@ -451,9 +475,9 @@
         result = tree;
     }
 
-    JCMethodDecl currentMethod = null;
+    JCTree currentMethod = null;
     public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
-        JCMethodDecl previousMethod = currentMethod;
+        JCTree previousMethod = currentMethod;
         try {
             currentMethod = tree;
             tree.restype = translate(tree.restype, null);
@@ -519,6 +543,22 @@
         result = tree;
     }
 
+    public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
+        JCTree prevMethod = currentMethod;
+        try {
+            currentMethod = null;
+            tree.params = translate(tree.params);
+            tree.body = translate(tree.body, null);
+            //save non-erased target
+            tree.targetType = tree.type;
+            tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
+            result = tree;
+        }
+        finally {
+            currentMethod = prevMethod;
+        }
+    }
+
     public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
         Type selsuper = types.supertype(tree.selector.type);
         boolean enumSwitch = selsuper != null &&
@@ -570,7 +610,7 @@
     }
 
     public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
-        tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, currentMethod.sym.erasure(types).getReturnType());
+        tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, currentMethod != null ? types.erasure(currentMethod.type).getReturnType() : null);
         result = tree;
     }
 
@@ -601,6 +641,7 @@
             Assert.check(tree.args.length() == argtypes.length());
         tree.args = translateArgs(tree.args, argtypes, tree.varargsElement);
 
+        tree.type = types.erasure(tree.type);
         // Insert casts of method invocation results as needed.
         result = retype(tree, mt.getReturnType(), pt);
     }
@@ -614,6 +655,8 @@
         tree.args = translateArgs(
             tree.args, tree.constructor.erasure(types).getParameterTypes(), tree.varargsElement);
         tree.def = translate(tree.def, null);
+        if (tree.constructorType != null)
+            tree.constructorType = erasure(tree.constructorType);
         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
         result = tree;
     }
@@ -631,16 +674,6 @@
         result = tree;
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
-        Assert.error("Translation of lambda expression not supported yet");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
-        Assert.error("Translation of method reference not supported yet");
-    }
-
     public void visitParens(JCParens tree) {
         tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, pt);
         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
@@ -749,6 +782,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
+        tree.expr = translate(tree.expr, null);
+        //save non-erased target
+        tree.targetType = tree.type;
+        tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
+        result = tree;
+    }
+
     public void visitTypeArray(JCArrayTypeTree tree) {
         tree.elemtype = translate(tree.elemtype, null);
         tree.type = erasure(tree.type);
--- a/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/JavaCompiler.java	Fri Oct 26 18:40:13 2012 -0700
+++ b/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/JavaCompiler.java	Mon Oct 29 10:39:49 2012 -0700
@@ -271,6 +271,10 @@
      */
     protected TransTypes transTypes;
 
+    /** The lambda translator.
+     */
+    protected LambdaToMethod lambdaToMethod;
+
     /** The syntactic sugar desweetener.
      */
     protected Lower lower;
@@ -369,6 +373,8 @@
 
         options = Options.instance(context);
 
+        lambdaToMethod = LambdaToMethod.instance(context);
+
         verbose       = options.isSet(VERBOSE);
         sourceOutput  = options.isSet(PRINTSOURCE); // used to be -s
         stubOutput    = options.isSet("-stubs");
@@ -524,8 +530,10 @@
         ATTR(4),
         FLOW(5),
         TRANSTYPES(6),
-        LOWER(7),
-        GENERATE(8);
+        UNLAMBDA(7),
+        LOWER(8),
+        GENERATE(9);
+
         CompileState(int value) {
             this.value = value;
         }
@@ -1418,6 +1426,12 @@
             env.tree = transTypes.translateTopLevelClass(env.tree, localMake);
             compileStates.put(env, CompileState.TRANSTYPES);
 
+            if (shouldStop(CompileState.UNLAMBDA))
+                return;
+
+            env.tree = lambdaToMethod.translateTopLevelClass(env, env.tree, localMake);
+            compileStates.put(env, CompileState.UNLAMBDA);
+
             if (shouldStop(CompileState.LOWER))
                 return;
 
--- a/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java	Fri Oct 26 18:40:13 2012 -0700
+++ b/langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/Names.java	Mon Oct 29 10:39:49 2012 -0700
@@ -170,6 +170,10 @@
     public final Name ex;
     public final Name package_info;
 
+    //lambda-related
+    public final Name lambda;
+    public final Name metaFactory;
+
     public final Name.Table table;
 
     public Names(Context context) {
@@ -298,6 +302,10 @@
         deprecated = fromString("deprecated");
         ex = fromString("ex");
         package_info = fromString("package-info");
+
+        //lambda-related
+        lambda = fromString("lambda");
+        metaFactory = fromString("metaFactory");
     }
 
     protected Name.Table createTable(Options options) {