/*
 * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 *
 */

#include "precompiled.hpp"
#include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
#include "gc/g1/heapRegionRemSet.hpp"
#include "gc/g1/heapRegionSet.inline.hpp"

uint FreeRegionList::_unrealistically_long_length = 0;

#ifndef PRODUCT
void HeapRegionSetBase::verify_region(HeapRegion* hr) {
  assert(hr->containing_set() == this, "Inconsistent containing set for %u", hr->hrm_index());
  assert(!hr->is_young(), "Adding young region %u", hr->hrm_index()); // currently we don't use these sets for young regions
  assert(hr->is_humongous() == regions_humongous(), "Wrong humongous state for region %u and set %s", hr->hrm_index(), name());
  assert(hr->is_free() == regions_free(), "Wrong free state for region %u and set %s", hr->hrm_index(), name());
  assert(!hr->is_free() || hr->is_empty(), "Free region %u is not empty for set %s", hr->hrm_index(), name());
  assert(!hr->is_empty() || hr->is_free() || hr->is_archive(),
         "Empty region %u is not free or archive for set %s", hr->hrm_index(), name());
}
#endif

void HeapRegionSetBase::verify() {
  // It's important that we also observe the MT safety protocol even
  // for the verification calls. If we do verification without the
  // appropriate locks and the set changes underneath our feet
  // verification might fail and send us on a wild goose chase.
  check_mt_safety();

  guarantee_heap_region_set(( is_empty() && length() == 0) ||
                            (!is_empty() && length() > 0),
                            "invariant");
}

void HeapRegionSetBase::verify_start() {
  // See comment in verify() about MT safety and verification.
  check_mt_safety();
  assert_heap_region_set(!_verify_in_progress, "verification should not be in progress");

  // Do the basic verification first before we do the checks over the regions.
  HeapRegionSetBase::verify();

  _verify_in_progress = true;
}

void HeapRegionSetBase::verify_end() {
  // See comment in verify() about MT safety and verification.
  check_mt_safety();
  assert_heap_region_set(_verify_in_progress, "verification should be in progress");

  _verify_in_progress = false;
}

void HeapRegionSetBase::print_on(outputStream* out, bool print_contents) {
  out->cr();
  out->print_cr("Set: %s (" PTR_FORMAT ")", name(), p2i(this));
  out->print_cr("  Region Assumptions");
  out->print_cr("    humongous         : %s", BOOL_TO_STR(regions_humongous()));
  out->print_cr("    free              : %s", BOOL_TO_STR(regions_free()));
  out->print_cr("  Attributes");
  out->print_cr("    length            : %14u", length());
}

HeapRegionSetBase::HeapRegionSetBase(const char* name, bool humongous, bool free, HRSMtSafeChecker* mt_safety_checker)
  : _name(name), _verify_in_progress(false),
    _is_humongous(humongous), _is_free(free), _mt_safety_checker(mt_safety_checker),
    _length(0)
{ }

void FreeRegionList::set_unrealistically_long_length(uint len) {
  guarantee(_unrealistically_long_length == 0, "should only be set once");
  _unrealistically_long_length = len;
}

void FreeRegionList::remove_all() {
  check_mt_safety();
  verify_optional();

  HeapRegion* curr = _head;
  while (curr != NULL) {
    verify_region(curr);

    HeapRegion* next = curr->next();
    curr->set_next(NULL);
    curr->set_prev(NULL);
    curr->set_containing_set(NULL);
    curr = next;
  }
  clear();

  verify_optional();
}

void FreeRegionList::add_ordered(FreeRegionList* from_list) {
  check_mt_safety();
  from_list->check_mt_safety();

  verify_optional();
  from_list->verify_optional();

  if (from_list->is_empty()) {
    return;
  }

  #ifdef ASSERT
  FreeRegionListIterator iter(from_list);
  while (iter.more_available()) {
    HeapRegion* hr = iter.get_next();
    // In set_containing_set() we check that we either set the value
    // from NULL to non-NULL or vice versa to catch bugs. So, we have
    // to NULL it first before setting it to the value.
    hr->set_containing_set(NULL);
    hr->set_containing_set(this);
  }
  #endif // ASSERT

  if (is_empty()) {
    assert_free_region_list(length() == 0 && _tail == NULL, "invariant");
    _head = from_list->_head;
    _tail = from_list->_tail;
  } else {
    HeapRegion* curr_to = _head;
    HeapRegion* curr_from = from_list->_head;

    while (curr_from != NULL) {
      while (curr_to != NULL && curr_to->hrm_index() < curr_from->hrm_index()) {
        curr_to = curr_to->next();
      }

      if (curr_to == NULL) {
        // The rest of the from list should be added as tail
        _tail->set_next(curr_from);
        curr_from->set_prev(_tail);
        curr_from = NULL;
      } else {
        HeapRegion* next_from = curr_from->next();

        curr_from->set_next(curr_to);
        curr_from->set_prev(curr_to->prev());
        if (curr_to->prev() == NULL) {
          _head = curr_from;
        } else {
          curr_to->prev()->set_next(curr_from);
        }
        curr_to->set_prev(curr_from);

        curr_from = next_from;
      }
    }

    if (_tail->hrm_index() < from_list->_tail->hrm_index()) {
      _tail = from_list->_tail;
    }
  }

  _length += from_list->length();
  from_list->clear();

  verify_optional();
  from_list->verify_optional();
}

void FreeRegionList::remove_starting_at(HeapRegion* first, uint num_regions) {
  check_mt_safety();
  assert_free_region_list(num_regions >= 1, "pre-condition");
  assert_free_region_list(!is_empty(), "pre-condition");

  verify_optional();
  DEBUG_ONLY(uint old_length = length();)

  HeapRegion* curr = first;
  uint count = 0;
  while (count < num_regions) {
    verify_region(curr);
    HeapRegion* next = curr->next();
    HeapRegion* prev = curr->prev();

    assert(count < num_regions,
           "[%s] should not come across more regions "
           "pending for removal than num_regions: %u",
           name(), num_regions);

    if (prev == NULL) {
      assert_free_region_list(_head == curr, "invariant");
      _head = next;
    } else {
      assert_free_region_list(_head != curr, "invariant");
      prev->set_next(next);
    }
    if (next == NULL) {
      assert_free_region_list(_tail == curr, "invariant");
      _tail = prev;
    } else {
      assert_free_region_list(_tail != curr, "invariant");
      next->set_prev(prev);
    }
    if (_last == curr) {
      _last = NULL;
    }

    curr->set_next(NULL);
    curr->set_prev(NULL);
    remove(curr);

    count++;
    curr = next;
  }

  assert(count == num_regions,
         "[%s] count: %u should be == num_regions: %u",
         name(), count, num_regions);
  assert(length() + num_regions == old_length,
         "[%s] new length should be consistent "
         "new length: %u old length: %u num_regions: %u",
         name(), length(), old_length, num_regions);

  verify_optional();
}

void FreeRegionList::verify() {
  // See comment in HeapRegionSetBase::verify() about MT safety and
  // verification.
  check_mt_safety();

  // This will also do the basic verification too.
  verify_start();

  verify_list();

  verify_end();
}

void FreeRegionList::clear() {
  _length = 0;
  _head = NULL;
  _tail = NULL;
  _last = NULL;
}

void FreeRegionList::verify_list() {
  HeapRegion* curr = _head;
  HeapRegion* prev1 = NULL;
  HeapRegion* prev0 = NULL;
  uint count = 0;
  size_t capacity = 0;
  uint last_index = 0;

  guarantee(_head == NULL || _head->prev() == NULL, "_head should not have a prev");
  while (curr != NULL) {
    verify_region(curr);

    count++;
    guarantee(count < _unrealistically_long_length,
              "[%s] the calculated length: %u seems very long, is there maybe a cycle? curr: " PTR_FORMAT " prev0: " PTR_FORMAT " " "prev1: " PTR_FORMAT " length: %u",
              name(), count, p2i(curr), p2i(prev0), p2i(prev1), length());

    if (curr->next() != NULL) {
      guarantee(curr->next()->prev() == curr, "Next or prev pointers messed up");
    }
    guarantee(curr->hrm_index() == 0 || curr->hrm_index() > last_index, "List should be sorted");
    last_index = curr->hrm_index();

    capacity += curr->capacity();

    prev1 = prev0;
    prev0 = curr;
    curr = curr->next();
  }

  guarantee(_tail == prev0, "Expected %s to end with %u but it ended with %u.", name(), _tail->hrm_index(), prev0->hrm_index());
  guarantee(_tail == NULL || _tail->next() == NULL, "_tail should not have a next");
  guarantee(length() == count, "%s count mismatch. Expected %u, actual %u.", name(), length(), count);
}

// Note on the check_mt_safety() methods below:
//
// Verification of the "master" heap region sets / lists that are
// maintained by G1CollectedHeap is always done during a STW pause and
// by the VM thread at the start / end of the pause. The standard
// verification methods all assert check_mt_safety(). This is
// important as it ensures that verification is done without
// concurrent updates taking place at the same time. It follows, that,
// for the "master" heap region sets / lists, the check_mt_safety()
// method should include the VM thread / STW case.

void MasterFreeRegionListMtSafeChecker::check() {
  // Master Free List MT safety protocol:
  // (a) If we're at a safepoint, operations on the master free list
  // should be invoked by either the VM thread (which will serialize
  // them) or by the GC workers while holding the
  // FreeList_lock.
  // (b) If we're not at a safepoint, operations on the master free
  // list should be invoked while holding the Heap_lock.

  if (SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
    guarantee(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread() ||
              FreeList_lock->owned_by_self(), "master free list MT safety protocol at a safepoint");
  } else {
    guarantee(Heap_lock->owned_by_self(), "master free list MT safety protocol outside a safepoint");
  }
}

void SecondaryFreeRegionListMtSafeChecker::check() {
  // Secondary Free List MT safety protocol:
  // Operations on the secondary free list should always be invoked
  // while holding the SecondaryFreeList_lock.

  guarantee(SecondaryFreeList_lock->owned_by_self(), "secondary free list MT safety protocol");
}

void OldRegionSetMtSafeChecker::check() {
  // Master Old Set MT safety protocol:
  // (a) If we're at a safepoint, operations on the master old set
  // should be invoked:
  // - by the VM thread (which will serialize them), or
  // - by the GC workers while holding the FreeList_lock, if we're
  //   at a safepoint for an evacuation pause (this lock is taken
  //   anyway when an GC alloc region is retired so that a new one
  //   is allocated from the free list), or
  // - by the GC workers while holding the OldSets_lock, if we're at a
  //   safepoint for a cleanup pause.
  // (b) If we're not at a safepoint, operations on the master old set
  // should be invoked while holding the Heap_lock.

  if (SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
    guarantee(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()
        || FreeList_lock->owned_by_self() || OldSets_lock->owned_by_self(),
        "master old set MT safety protocol at a safepoint");
  } else {
    guarantee(Heap_lock->owned_by_self(), "master old set MT safety protocol outside a safepoint");
  }
}

void HumongousRegionSetMtSafeChecker::check() {
  // Humongous Set MT safety protocol:
  // (a) If we're at a safepoint, operations on the master humongous
  // set should be invoked by either the VM thread (which will
  // serialize them) or by the GC workers while holding the
  // OldSets_lock.
  // (b) If we're not at a safepoint, operations on the master
  // humongous set should be invoked while holding the Heap_lock.

  if (SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
    guarantee(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread() ||
              OldSets_lock->owned_by_self(),
              "master humongous set MT safety protocol at a safepoint");
  } else {
    guarantee(Heap_lock->owned_by_self(),
              "master humongous set MT safety protocol outside a safepoint");
  }
}

void FreeRegionList_test() {
  FreeRegionList l("test");

  const uint num_regions_in_test = 5;
  // Create a fake heap. It does not need to be valid, as the HeapRegion constructor
  // does not access it.
  MemRegion heap(NULL, num_regions_in_test * HeapRegion::GrainWords);
  // Allocate a fake BOT because the HeapRegion constructor initializes
  // the BOT.
  size_t bot_size = G1BlockOffsetTable::compute_size(heap.word_size());
  HeapWord* bot_data = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord, bot_size, mtGC);
  ReservedSpace bot_rs(G1BlockOffsetTable::compute_size(heap.word_size()));
  G1RegionToSpaceMapper* bot_storage =
    G1RegionToSpaceMapper::create_mapper(bot_rs,
                                         bot_rs.size(),
                                         os::vm_page_size(),
                                         HeapRegion::GrainBytes,
                                         BOTConstants::N_bytes,
                                         mtGC);
  G1BlockOffsetTable bot(heap, bot_storage);
  bot_storage->commit_regions(0, num_regions_in_test);

  // Set up memory regions for the heap regions.
  MemRegion mr0(heap.start(), HeapRegion::GrainWords);
  MemRegion mr1(mr0.end(), HeapRegion::GrainWords);
  MemRegion mr2(mr1.end(), HeapRegion::GrainWords);
  MemRegion mr3(mr2.end(), HeapRegion::GrainWords);
  MemRegion mr4(mr3.end(), HeapRegion::GrainWords);

  HeapRegion hr0(0, &bot, mr0);
  HeapRegion hr1(1, &bot, mr1);
  HeapRegion hr2(2, &bot, mr2);
  HeapRegion hr3(3, &bot, mr3);
  HeapRegion hr4(4, &bot, mr4);
  l.add_ordered(&hr1);
  l.add_ordered(&hr0);
  l.add_ordered(&hr3);
  l.add_ordered(&hr4);
  l.add_ordered(&hr2);
  assert(l.length() == num_regions_in_test, "wrong length");
  l.verify_list();

  bot_storage->uncommit_regions(0, num_regions_in_test);
  delete bot_storage;
  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord, bot_data);
}