--- a/make/data/tzdata/europe Wed Aug 07 07:45:37 2019 -0400
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/europe Wed Aug 07 13:00:57 2019 +0100
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
# position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should
# be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761.
#
-# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
+# [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
#
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@
#
# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 -
Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
-0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s
-0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@
# These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT
Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT
Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT
@@ -820,14 +820,14 @@
Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914
1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16
1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Andorra
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901
0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30
1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@
Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920
1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@
# Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time....
# http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html
#
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880
1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time
2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@
Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880
0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT
0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@
Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 -
Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880
1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT?
2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@
Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850
0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@
Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 -
#
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890
0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT
1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@
Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
#
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
-3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-3:00 EU -03/-02 1996
@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
# From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28):
# The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880
1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@
# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document);
# round to nearest.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31
1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time
2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983
@@ -1387,7 +1387,7 @@
# but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21.
# Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based
# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT
# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
@@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@
Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S
Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00
1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@
# is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part.
# Gibraltar
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00
1:00 - CET 1982
@@ -1494,7 +1494,7 @@
Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 -
Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14
1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT
2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30
@@ -1531,7 +1531,7 @@
Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S
Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918
1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8
@@ -1592,7 +1592,7 @@
Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 -
Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 -
Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908
-1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s
0:00 - GMT
@@ -1606,6 +1606,25 @@
# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
# so record only the time in Rome.
#
+# From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06):
+# http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm
+# ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than
+# the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866)
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm
+# ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze,
+# Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting
+# the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the
+# kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time
+# table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph,
+# not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set
+# the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866),
+# Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the
+# last city was Cagliari in 1886."
+#
+# From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07):
+# this is the scan of the decree:
+# http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg
+#
# From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24):
# http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10
# ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into
@@ -1616,6 +1635,7 @@
# The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological
# institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at
# http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml
+# [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017]
# (2016-10-24):
# http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/
# has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as
@@ -1679,8 +1699,8 @@
Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12
0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4
@@ -1755,7 +1775,7 @@
# Byalokoz 1919 says Latvia was 1:36:34.
# Go with Byalokoz.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:34 - LMT 1880
1:36:34 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 # Riga MT
1:36:34 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 # Latvian ST
@@ -1825,7 +1845,7 @@
# http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880
1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time
1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time
@@ -1869,7 +1889,7 @@
Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun
1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25
0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s
@@ -1894,7 +1914,7 @@
Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981
@@ -1963,7 +1983,7 @@
Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880
1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
@@ -1979,7 +1999,7 @@
# Monaco
# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
# more precise 0:09:21.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
@@ -2054,8 +2074,8 @@
Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
#
# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted
-# below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer.
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835
0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1
0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00
@@ -2074,7 +2094,7 @@
Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1
1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
@@ -2165,7 +2185,7 @@
Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880
1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00
@@ -2270,7 +2290,7 @@
Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
#
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884
-0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT
0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
@@ -2329,7 +2349,7 @@
Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct
1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s
@@ -3368,7 +3388,7 @@
# See Europe/Rome.
# Serbia
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884
1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
@@ -3474,7 +3494,7 @@
Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16
0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00
1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979
@@ -3542,7 +3562,7 @@
#
# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1
1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time
1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00
@@ -3645,7 +3665,7 @@
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
@@ -3795,7 +3815,7 @@
Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880
1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time?
2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15
@@ -3892,16 +3912,8 @@
# controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in
# English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that
# means less disruption for our users.
-#
-# Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff,
-# Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in
-# Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an
-# English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker
-# would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as
-# "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do:
-# https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg
-
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev".
Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time