jdk/src/share/classes/java/time/temporal/Era.java
changeset 15658 55b829ca2334
parent 15657 c588664d547e
child 15659 e575dab44ff5
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15657:c588664d547e 15658:55b829ca2334
     1 /*
       
     2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
       
     3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
       
     4  *
       
     5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
       
     6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
       
     7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
       
     8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
       
     9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
       
    10  *
       
    11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
       
    12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
       
    13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
       
    14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
       
    15  * accompanied this code).
       
    16  *
       
    17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
       
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    21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
       
    22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
       
    23  * questions.
       
    24  */
       
    25 
       
    26 /*
       
    27  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
       
    28  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
       
    29  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
       
    30  * file:
       
    31  *
       
    32  * Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
       
    33  *
       
    34  * All rights reserved.
       
    35  *
       
    36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
       
    37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
       
    38  *
       
    39  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
       
    40  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
       
    41  *
       
    42  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
       
    43  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
       
    44  *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
       
    45  *
       
    46  *  * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
       
    47  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
       
    48  *    without specific prior written permission.
       
    49  *
       
    50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
       
    51  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
       
    52  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
       
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    54  * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
       
    55  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
       
    56  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
       
    57  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
       
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    60  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
       
    61  */
       
    62 package java.time.temporal;
       
    63 
       
    64 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ERA;
       
    65 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.ERAS;
       
    66 
       
    67 import java.time.DateTimeException;
       
    68 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder;
       
    69 import java.time.format.TextStyle;
       
    70 import java.util.Locale;
       
    71 
       
    72 /**
       
    73  * An era of the time-line.
       
    74  * <p>
       
    75  * Most calendar systems have a single epoch dividing the time-line into two eras.
       
    76  * However, some calendar systems, have multiple eras, such as one for the reign
       
    77  * of each leader.
       
    78  * In all cases, the era is conceptually the largest division of the time-line.
       
    79  * Each chronology defines the Era's that are known Eras and a
       
    80  * {@link Chrono#eras Chrono.eras} to get the valid eras.
       
    81  * <p>
       
    82  * For example, the Thai Buddhist calendar system divides time into two eras,
       
    83  * before and after a single date. By contrast, the Japanese calendar system
       
    84  * has one era for the reign of each Emperor.
       
    85  * <p>
       
    86  * Instances of {@code Era} may be compared using the {@code ==} operator.
       
    87  *
       
    88  * <h3>Specification for implementors</h3>
       
    89  * This interface must be implemented with care to ensure other classes operate correctly.
       
    90  * All implementations must be singletons - final, immutable and thread-safe.
       
    91  * It is recommended to use an enum whenever possible.
       
    92  *
       
    93  * @param <C> the chronology of the era
       
    94  * @since 1.8
       
    95  */
       
    96 public interface Era<C extends Chrono<C>> extends TemporalAccessor, TemporalAdjuster {
       
    97 
       
    98     /**
       
    99      * Gets the numeric value associated with the era as defined by the chronology.
       
   100      * Each chronology defines the predefined Eras and methods to list the Eras
       
   101      * of the chronology.
       
   102      * <p>
       
   103      * All fields, including eras, have an associated numeric value.
       
   104      * The meaning of the numeric value for era is determined by the chronology
       
   105      * according to these principles:
       
   106      * <p><ul>
       
   107      * <li>The era in use at the epoch 1970-01-01 (ISO) has the value 1.
       
   108      * <li>Later eras have sequentially higher values.
       
   109      * <li>Earlier eras have sequentially lower values, which may be negative.
       
   110      * </ul><p>
       
   111      *
       
   112      * @return the numeric era value
       
   113      */
       
   114     int getValue();
       
   115 
       
   116     /**
       
   117      * Gets the chronology of this era.
       
   118      * <p>
       
   119      * The {@code Chrono} represents the calendar system in use.
       
   120      * This always returns the standard form of the chronology.
       
   121      *
       
   122      * @return the chronology, not null
       
   123      */
       
   124     C getChrono();
       
   125 
       
   126     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   127     /**
       
   128      * Obtains a date in this era given the year-of-era, month, and day.
       
   129      * <p>
       
   130      * This era is combined with the given date fields to form a date.
       
   131      * The year specified must be the year-of-era.
       
   132      * Methods to create a date from the proleptic-year are on {@code Chrono}.
       
   133      * This always uses the standard form of the chronology.
       
   134      * <p>
       
   135      * This default implementation invokes the factory method on {@link Chrono}.
       
   136      *
       
   137      * @param yearOfEra  the calendar system year-of-era
       
   138      * @param month  the calendar system month-of-year
       
   139      * @param day  the calendar system day-of-month
       
   140      * @return a local date based on this era and the specified year-of-era, month and day
       
   141      */
       
   142     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> date(int yearOfEra, int month, int day) {
       
   143         return getChrono().date(this, yearOfEra, month, day);
       
   144     }
       
   145 
       
   146 
       
   147     /**
       
   148      * Obtains a date in this era given year-of-era and day-of-year fields.
       
   149      * <p>
       
   150      * This era is combined with the given date fields to form a date.
       
   151      * The year specified must be the year-of-era.
       
   152      * Methods to create a date from the proleptic-year are on {@code Chrono}.
       
   153      * This always uses the standard form of the chronology.
       
   154      * <p>
       
   155      * This default implementation invokes the factory method on {@link Chrono}.
       
   156      *
       
   157      * @param yearOfEra  the calendar system year-of-era
       
   158      * @param dayOfYear  the calendar system day-of-year
       
   159      * @return a local date based on this era and the specified year-of-era and day-of-year
       
   160      */
       
   161     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> dateYearDay(int yearOfEra, int dayOfYear) {
       
   162         return getChrono().dateYearDay(this, yearOfEra, dayOfYear);
       
   163     }
       
   164 
       
   165     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   166     /**
       
   167      * Checks if the specified field is supported.
       
   168      * <p>
       
   169      * This checks if this era can be queried for the specified field.
       
   170      * If false, then calling the {@link #range(TemporalField) range} and
       
   171      * {@link #get(TemporalField) get} methods will throw an exception.
       
   172      * <p>
       
   173      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
       
   174      * The {@code ERA} field returns true.
       
   175      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will return false.
       
   176      * <p>
       
   177      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
       
   178      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doIsSupported(TemporalAccessor)}
       
   179      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
       
   180      * Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
       
   181      *
       
   182      * @param field  the field to check, null returns false
       
   183      * @return true if the field is supported on this era, false if not
       
   184      */
       
   185     @Override
       
   186     public default boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
       
   187         if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
       
   188             return field == ERA;
       
   189         }
       
   190         return field != null && field.doIsSupported(this);
       
   191     }
       
   192 
       
   193     /**
       
   194      * Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
       
   195      * <p>
       
   196      * The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field.
       
   197      * This era is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range.
       
   198      * If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported
       
   199      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
       
   200      * <p>
       
   201      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
       
   202      * The {@code ERA} field returns the range.
       
   203      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
       
   204      * <p>
       
   205      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
       
   206      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doRange(TemporalAccessor)}
       
   207      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
       
   208      * Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.
       
   209      *
       
   210      * @param field  the field to query the range for, not null
       
   211      * @return the range of valid values for the field, not null
       
   212      * @throws DateTimeException if the range for the field cannot be obtained
       
   213      */
       
   214     @Override  // override for Javadoc
       
   215     public default ValueRange range(TemporalField field) {
       
   216         return TemporalAccessor.super.range(field);
       
   217     }
       
   218 
       
   219     /**
       
   220      * Gets the value of the specified field from this era as an {@code int}.
       
   221      * <p>
       
   222      * This queries this era for the value for the specified field.
       
   223      * The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field.
       
   224      * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
       
   225      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
       
   226      * <p>
       
   227      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
       
   228      * The {@code ERA} field returns the value of the era.
       
   229      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
       
   230      * <p>
       
   231      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
       
   232      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doGet(TemporalAccessor)}
       
   233      * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
       
   234      * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
       
   235      *
       
   236      * @param field  the field to get, not null
       
   237      * @return the value for the field
       
   238      * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
       
   239      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
       
   240      */
       
   241     @Override  // override for Javadoc and performance
       
   242     public default int get(TemporalField field) {
       
   243         if (field == ERA) {
       
   244             return getValue();
       
   245         }
       
   246         return range(field).checkValidIntValue(getLong(field), field);
       
   247     }
       
   248 
       
   249     /**
       
   250      * Gets the value of the specified field from this era as a {@code long}.
       
   251      * <p>
       
   252      * This queries this era for the value for the specified field.
       
   253      * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
       
   254      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
       
   255      * <p>
       
   256      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
       
   257      * The {@code ERA} field returns the value of the era.
       
   258      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
       
   259      * <p>
       
   260      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
       
   261      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doGet(TemporalAccessor)}
       
   262      * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
       
   263      * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
       
   264      *
       
   265      * @param field  the field to get, not null
       
   266      * @return the value for the field
       
   267      * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
       
   268      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
       
   269      */
       
   270     @Override
       
   271     public default long getLong(TemporalField field) {
       
   272         if (field == ERA) {
       
   273             return getValue();
       
   274         } else if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
       
   275             throw new DateTimeException("Unsupported field: " + field.getName());
       
   276         }
       
   277         return field.doGet(this);
       
   278     }
       
   279 
       
   280     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   281     /**
       
   282      * Queries this era using the specified query.
       
   283      * <p>
       
   284      * This queries this era using the specified query strategy object.
       
   285      * The {@code TemporalQuery} object defines the logic to be used to
       
   286      * obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
       
   287      * what the result of this method will be.
       
   288      * <p>
       
   289      * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
       
   290      * {@link TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)} method on the
       
   291      * specified query passing {@code this} as the argument.
       
   292      *
       
   293      * @param <R> the type of the result
       
   294      * @param query  the query to invoke, not null
       
   295      * @return the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
       
   296      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
       
   297      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
       
   298      */
       
   299     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
       
   300     @Override
       
   301     public default <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query) {
       
   302         if (query == Queries.chrono()) {
       
   303             return (R) getChrono();
       
   304         } else if (query == Queries.precision()) {
       
   305             return (R) ERAS;
       
   306         }
       
   307         return TemporalAccessor.super.query(query);
       
   308     }
       
   309 
       
   310     /**
       
   311      * Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same era as this object.
       
   312      * <p>
       
   313      * This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input
       
   314      * with the era changed to be the same as this.
       
   315      * <p>
       
   316      * The adjustment is equivalent to using {@link Temporal#with(TemporalField, long)}
       
   317      * passing {@link ChronoField#ERA} as the field.
       
   318      * <p>
       
   319      * In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
       
   320      * {@link Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster)}:
       
   321      * <pre>
       
   322      *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
       
   323      *   temporal = thisEra.adjustInto(temporal);
       
   324      *   temporal = temporal.with(thisEra);
       
   325      * </pre>
       
   326      * <p>
       
   327      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
       
   328      *
       
   329      * @param temporal  the target object to be adjusted, not null
       
   330      * @return the adjusted object, not null
       
   331      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
       
   332      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
       
   333      */
       
   334     @Override
       
   335     public default Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal) {
       
   336         return temporal.with(ERA, getValue());
       
   337     }
       
   338 
       
   339     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   340     /**
       
   341      * Gets the textual representation of this era.
       
   342      * <p>
       
   343      * This returns the textual name used to identify the era.
       
   344      * The parameters control the style of the returned text and the locale.
       
   345      * <p>
       
   346      * If no textual mapping is found then the {@link #getValue() numeric value} is returned.
       
   347      * <p>
       
   348      * This default implementation is suitable for all implementations.
       
   349      *
       
   350      * @param style  the style of the text required, not null
       
   351      * @param locale  the locale to use, not null
       
   352      * @return the text value of the era, not null
       
   353      */
       
   354     public default String getText(TextStyle style, Locale locale) {
       
   355         return new DateTimeFormatterBuilder().appendText(ERA, style).toFormatter(locale).print(this);
       
   356     }
       
   357 
       
   358     // NOTE: methods to convert year-of-era/proleptic-year cannot be here as they may depend on month/day (Japanese)
       
   359 }