jdk/src/share/classes/java/time/temporal/ChronoLocalDate.java
changeset 15658 55b829ca2334
parent 15657 c588664d547e
child 15659 e575dab44ff5
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15657:c588664d547e 15658:55b829ca2334
     1 /*
       
     2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
       
     3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
       
     4  *
       
     5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
       
     6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
       
     7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
       
     8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
       
     9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
       
    10  *
       
    11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
       
    12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
       
    13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
       
    14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
       
    15  * accompanied this code).
       
    16  *
       
    17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
       
    18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
       
    19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
       
    20  *
       
    21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
       
    22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
       
    23  * questions.
       
    24  */
       
    25 
       
    26 /*
       
    27  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
       
    28  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
       
    29  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
       
    30  * file:
       
    31  *
       
    32  * Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
       
    33  *
       
    34  * All rights reserved.
       
    35  *
       
    36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
       
    37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
       
    38  *
       
    39  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
       
    40  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
       
    41  *
       
    42  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
       
    43  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
       
    44  *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
       
    45  *
       
    46  *  * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
       
    47  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
       
    48  *    without specific prior written permission.
       
    49  *
       
    50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
       
    51  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
       
    52  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
       
    53  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
       
    54  * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
       
    55  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
       
    56  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
       
    57  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
       
    58  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
       
    59  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
       
    60  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
       
    61  */
       
    62 package java.time.temporal;
       
    63 
       
    64 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.EPOCH_DAY;
       
    65 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ERA;
       
    66 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.YEAR;
       
    67 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.DAYS;
       
    68 
       
    69 import java.time.DateTimeException;
       
    70 import java.time.LocalDate;
       
    71 import java.time.LocalTime;
       
    72 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
       
    73 import java.util.Comparator;
       
    74 import java.util.Objects;
       
    75 
       
    76 /**
       
    77  * A date without time-of-day or time-zone in an arbitrary chronology, intended
       
    78  * for advanced globalization use cases.
       
    79  * <p>
       
    80  * <b>Most applications should declare method signatures, fields and variables
       
    81  * as {@link LocalDate}, not this interface.</b>
       
    82  * <p>
       
    83  * A {@code ChronoLocalDate} is the abstract representation of a date where the
       
    84  * {@code Chrono chronology}, or calendar system, is pluggable.
       
    85  * The date is defined in terms of fields expressed by {@link TemporalField},
       
    86  * where most common implementations are defined in {@link ChronoField}.
       
    87  * The chronology defines how the calendar system operates and the meaning of
       
    88  * the standard fields.
       
    89  *
       
    90  * <h3>When to use this interface</h3>
       
    91  * The design of the API encourages the use of {@code LocalDate} rather than this
       
    92  * interface, even in the case where the application needs to deal with multiple
       
    93  * calendar systems. The rationale for this is explored in the following documentation.
       
    94  * <p>
       
    95  * The primary use case where this interface should be used is where the generic
       
    96  * type parameter {@code <C>} is fully defined as a specific chronology.
       
    97  * In that case, the assumptions of that chronology are known at development
       
    98  * time and specified in the code.
       
    99  * <p>
       
   100  * When the chronology is defined in the generic type parameter as ? or otherwise
       
   101  * unknown at development time, the rest of the discussion below applies.
       
   102  * <p>
       
   103  * To emphasize the point, declaring a method signature, field or variable as this
       
   104  * interface type can initially seem like the sensible way to globalize an application,
       
   105  * however it is usually the wrong approach.
       
   106  * As such, it should be considered an application-wide architectural decision to choose
       
   107  * to use this interface as opposed to {@code LocalDate}.
       
   108  *
       
   109  * <h3>Architectural issues to consider</h3>
       
   110  * These are some of the points that must be considered before using this interface
       
   111  * throughout an application.
       
   112  * <p>
       
   113  * 1) Applications using this interface, as opposed to using just {@code LocalDate},
       
   114  * face a significantly higher probability of bugs. This is because the calendar system
       
   115  * in use is not known at development time. A key cause of bugs is where the developer
       
   116  * applies assumptions from their day-to-day knowledge of the ISO calendar system
       
   117  * to code that is intended to deal with any arbitrary calendar system.
       
   118  * The section below outlines how those assumptions can cause problems
       
   119  * The primary mechanism for reducing this increased risk of bugs is a strong code review process.
       
   120  * This should also be considered a extra cost in maintenance for the lifetime of the code.
       
   121  * <p>
       
   122  * 2) This interface does not enforce immutability of implementations.
       
   123  * While the implementation notes indicate that all implementations must be immutable
       
   124  * there is nothing in the code or type system to enforce this. Any method declared
       
   125  * to accept a {@code ChronoLocalDate} could therefore be passed a poorly or
       
   126  * maliciously written mutable implementation.
       
   127  * <p>
       
   128  * 3) Applications using this interface  must consider the impact of eras.
       
   129  * {@code LocalDate} shields users from the concept of eras, by ensuring that {@code getYear()}
       
   130  * returns the proleptic year. That decision ensures that developers can think of
       
   131  * {@code LocalDate} instances as consisting of three fields - year, month-of-year and day-of-month.
       
   132  * By contrast, users of this interface must think of dates as consisting of four fields -
       
   133  * era, year-of-era, month-of-year and day-of-month. The extra era field is frequently
       
   134  * forgotten, yet it is of vital importance to dates in an arbitrary calendar system.
       
   135  * For example, in the Japanese calendar system, the era represents the reign of an Emperor.
       
   136  * Whenever one reign ends and another starts, the year-of-era is reset to one.
       
   137  * <p>
       
   138  * 4) The only agreed international standard for passing a date between two systems
       
   139  * is the ISO-8601 standard which requires the ISO calendar system. Using this interface
       
   140  * throughout the application will inevitably lead to the requirement to pass the date
       
   141  * across a network or component boundary, requiring an application specific protocol or format.
       
   142  * <p>
       
   143  * 5) Long term persistence, such as a database, will almost always only accept dates in the
       
   144  * ISO-8601 calendar system (or the related Julian-Gregorian). Passing around dates in other
       
   145  * calendar systems increases the complications of interacting with persistence.
       
   146  * <p>
       
   147  * 6) Most of the time, passing a {@code ChronoLocalDate} throughout an application
       
   148  * is unnecessary, as discussed in the last section below.
       
   149  *
       
   150  * <h3>False assumptions causing bugs in multi-calendar system code</h3>
       
   151  * As indicated above, there are many issues to consider when try to use and manipulate a
       
   152  * date in an arbitrary calendar system. These are some of the key issues.
       
   153  * <p>
       
   154  * Code that queries the day-of-month and assumes that the value will never be more than
       
   155  * 31 is invalid. Some calendar systems have more than 31 days in some months.
       
   156  * <p>
       
   157  * Code that adds 12 months to a date and assumes that a year has been added is invalid.
       
   158  * Some calendar systems have a different number of months, such as 13 in the Coptic or Ethiopic.
       
   159  * <p>
       
   160  * Code that adds one month to a date and assumes that the month-of-year value will increase
       
   161  * by one or wrap to the next year is invalid. Some calendar systems have a variable number
       
   162  * of months in a year, such as the Hebrew.
       
   163  * <p>
       
   164  * Code that adds one month, then adds a second one month and assumes that the day-of-month
       
   165  * will remain close to its original value is invalid. Some calendar systems have a large difference
       
   166  * between the length of the longest month and the length of the shortest month.
       
   167  * For example, the Coptic or Ethiopic have 12 months of 30 days and 1 month of 5 days.
       
   168  * <p>
       
   169  * Code that adds seven days and assumes that a week has been added is invalid.
       
   170  * Some calendar systems have weeks of other than seven days, such as the French Revolutionary.
       
   171  * <p>
       
   172  * Code that assumes that because the year of {@code date1} is greater than the year of {@code date2}
       
   173  * then {@code date1} is after {@code date2} is invalid. This is invalid for all calendar systems
       
   174  * when referring to the year-of-era, and especially untrue of the Japanese calendar system
       
   175  * where the year-of-era restarts with the reign of every new Emperor.
       
   176  * <p>
       
   177  * Code that treats month-of-year one and day-of-month one as the start of the year is invalid.
       
   178  * Not all calendar systems start the year when the month value is one.
       
   179  * <p>
       
   180  * In general, manipulating a date, and even querying a date, is wide open to bugs when the
       
   181  * calendar system is unknown at development time. This is why it is essential that code using
       
   182  * this interface is subjected to additional code reviews. It is also why an architectural
       
   183  * decision to avoid this interface type is usually the correct one.
       
   184  *
       
   185  * <h3>Using LocalDate instead</h3>
       
   186  * The primary alternative to using this interface throughout your application is as follows.
       
   187  * <p><ul>
       
   188  * <li>Declare all method signatures referring to dates in terms of {@code LocalDate}.
       
   189  * <li>Either store the chronology (calendar system) in the user profile or lookup
       
   190  *  the chronology from the user locale
       
   191  * <li>Convert the ISO {@code LocalDate} to and from the user's preferred calendar system during
       
   192  *  printing and parsing
       
   193  * </ul><p>
       
   194  * This approach treats the problem of globalized calendar systems as a localization issue
       
   195  * and confines it to the UI layer. This approach is in keeping with other localization
       
   196  * issues in the java platform.
       
   197  * <p>
       
   198  * As discussed above, performing calculations on a date where the rules of the calendar system
       
   199  * are pluggable requires skill and is not recommended.
       
   200  * Fortunately, the need to perform calculations on a date in an arbitrary calendar system
       
   201  * is extremely rare. For example, it is highly unlikely that the business rules of a library
       
   202  * book rental scheme will allow rentals to be for one month, where meaning of the month
       
   203  * is dependent on the user's preferred calendar system.
       
   204  * <p>
       
   205  * A key use case for calculations on a date in an arbitrary calendar system is producing
       
   206  * a month-by-month calendar for display and user interaction. Again, this is a UI issue,
       
   207  * and use of this interface solely within a few methods of the UI layer may be justified.
       
   208  * <p>
       
   209  * In any other part of the system, where a date must be manipulated in a calendar system
       
   210  * other than ISO, the use case will generally specify the calendar system to use.
       
   211  * For example, an application may need to calculate the next Islamic or Hebrew holiday
       
   212  * which may require manipulating the date.
       
   213  * This kind of use case can be handled as follows:
       
   214  * <p><ul>
       
   215  * <li>start from the ISO {@code LocalDate} being passed to the method
       
   216  * <li>convert the date to the alternate calendar system, which for this use case is known
       
   217  *  rather than arbitrary
       
   218  * <li>perform the calculation
       
   219  * <li>convert back to {@code LocalDate}
       
   220  * </ul><p>
       
   221  * Developers writing low-level frameworks or libraries should also avoid this interface.
       
   222  * Instead, one of the two general purpose access interfaces should be used.
       
   223  * Use {@link TemporalAccessor} if read-only access is required, or use {@link Temporal}
       
   224  * if read-write access is required.
       
   225  *
       
   226  * <h3>Specification for implementors</h3>
       
   227  * This interface must be implemented with care to ensure other classes operate correctly.
       
   228  * All implementations that can be instantiated must be final, immutable and thread-safe.
       
   229  * Subclasses should be Serializable wherever possible.
       
   230  * <p>
       
   231  * Additional calendar systems may be added to the system.
       
   232  * See {@link Chrono} for more details.
       
   233  *
       
   234  * @param <C> the chronology of this date
       
   235  * @since 1.8
       
   236  */
       
   237 public interface ChronoLocalDate<C extends Chrono<C>>
       
   238         extends Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<ChronoLocalDate<?>> {
       
   239 
       
   240     /**
       
   241      * Comparator for two {@code ChronoLocalDate}s ignoring the chronology.
       
   242      * <p>
       
   243      * This comparator differs from the comparison in {@link #compareTo} in that it
       
   244      * only compares the underlying date and not the chronology.
       
   245      * This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based
       
   246      * on the time-line position.
       
   247      * This is equivalent to using {@code Long.compare(date1.toEpochDay(),  date2.toEpochDay())}.
       
   248      *
       
   249      * @see #isAfter
       
   250      * @see #isBefore
       
   251      * @see #isEqual
       
   252      */
       
   253     public static final Comparator<ChronoLocalDate<?>> DATE_COMPARATOR =
       
   254             new Comparator<ChronoLocalDate<?>>() {
       
   255         @Override
       
   256         public int compare(ChronoLocalDate<?> date1, ChronoLocalDate<?> date2) {
       
   257             return Long.compare(date1.toEpochDay(), date2.toEpochDay());
       
   258         }
       
   259     };
       
   260 
       
   261     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   262     /**
       
   263      * Gets the chronology of this date.
       
   264      * <p>
       
   265      * The {@code Chrono} represents the calendar system in use.
       
   266      * The era and other fields in {@link ChronoField} are defined by the chronology.
       
   267      *
       
   268      * @return the chronology, not null
       
   269      */
       
   270     C getChrono();
       
   271 
       
   272     /**
       
   273      * Gets the era, as defined by the chronology.
       
   274      * <p>
       
   275      * The era is, conceptually, the largest division of the time-line.
       
   276      * Most calendar systems have a single epoch dividing the time-line into two eras.
       
   277      * However, some have multiple eras, such as one for the reign of each leader.
       
   278      * The exact meaning is determined by the {@code Chrono}.
       
   279      * <p>
       
   280      * All correctly implemented {@code Era} classes are singletons, thus it
       
   281      * is valid code to write {@code date.getEra() == SomeChrono.ERA_NAME)}.
       
   282      * <p>
       
   283      * This default implementation uses {@link Chrono#eraOf(int)}.
       
   284      *
       
   285      * @return the chronology specific era constant applicable at this date, not null
       
   286      */
       
   287     public default Era<C> getEra() {
       
   288         return getChrono().eraOf(get(ERA));
       
   289     }
       
   290 
       
   291     /**
       
   292      * Checks if the year is a leap year, as defined by the calendar system.
       
   293      * <p>
       
   294      * A leap-year is a year of a longer length than normal.
       
   295      * The exact meaning is determined by the chronology with the constraint that
       
   296      * a leap-year must imply a year-length longer than a non leap-year.
       
   297      * <p>
       
   298      * This default implementation uses {@link Chrono#isLeapYear(long)}.
       
   299      *
       
   300      * @return true if this date is in a leap year, false otherwise
       
   301      */
       
   302     public default boolean isLeapYear() {
       
   303         return getChrono().isLeapYear(getLong(YEAR));
       
   304     }
       
   305 
       
   306     /**
       
   307      * Returns the length of the month represented by this date, as defined by the calendar system.
       
   308      * <p>
       
   309      * This returns the length of the month in days.
       
   310      *
       
   311      * @return the length of the month in days
       
   312      */
       
   313     int lengthOfMonth();
       
   314 
       
   315     /**
       
   316      * Returns the length of the year represented by this date, as defined by the calendar system.
       
   317      * <p>
       
   318      * This returns the length of the year in days.
       
   319      * <p>
       
   320      * The default implementation uses {@link #isLeapYear()} and returns 365 or 366.
       
   321      *
       
   322      * @return the length of the year in days
       
   323      */
       
   324     public default int lengthOfYear() {
       
   325         return (isLeapYear() ? 366 : 365);
       
   326     }
       
   327 
       
   328     @Override
       
   329     public default boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
       
   330         if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
       
   331             return ((ChronoField) field).isDateField();
       
   332         }
       
   333         return field != null && field.doIsSupported(this);
       
   334     }
       
   335 
       
   336     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   337     // override for covariant return type
       
   338     /**
       
   339      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   340      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   341      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   342      */
       
   343     @Override
       
   344     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster) {
       
   345         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(Temporal.super.with(adjuster));
       
   346     }
       
   347 
       
   348     /**
       
   349      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   350      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   351      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   352      */
       
   353     @Override
       
   354     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> with(TemporalField field, long newValue) {
       
   355         if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
       
   356             throw new DateTimeException("Unsupported field: " + field.getName());
       
   357         }
       
   358         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(field.doWith(this, newValue));
       
   359     }
       
   360 
       
   361     /**
       
   362      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   363      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   364      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   365      */
       
   366     @Override
       
   367     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> plus(TemporalAdder adder) {
       
   368         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(Temporal.super.plus(adder));
       
   369     }
       
   370 
       
   371     /**
       
   372      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   373      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   374      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   375      */
       
   376     @Override
       
   377     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit) {
       
   378         if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
       
   379             throw new DateTimeException("Unsupported unit: " + unit.getName());
       
   380         }
       
   381         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(unit.doPlus(this, amountToAdd));
       
   382     }
       
   383 
       
   384     /**
       
   385      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   386      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   387      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   388      */
       
   389     @Override
       
   390     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> minus(TemporalSubtractor subtractor) {
       
   391         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(Temporal.super.minus(subtractor));
       
   392     }
       
   393 
       
   394     /**
       
   395      * {@inheritDoc}
       
   396      * @throws DateTimeException {@inheritDoc}
       
   397      * @throws ArithmeticException {@inheritDoc}
       
   398      */
       
   399     @Override
       
   400     public default ChronoLocalDate<C> minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit) {
       
   401         return getChrono().ensureChronoLocalDate(Temporal.super.minus(amountToSubtract, unit));
       
   402     }
       
   403 
       
   404     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   405     /**
       
   406      * Queries this date using the specified query.
       
   407      * <p>
       
   408      * This queries this date using the specified query strategy object.
       
   409      * The {@code TemporalQuery} object defines the logic to be used to
       
   410      * obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
       
   411      * what the result of this method will be.
       
   412      * <p>
       
   413      * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
       
   414      * {@link TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)} method on the
       
   415      * specified query passing {@code this} as the argument.
       
   416      *
       
   417      * @param <R> the type of the result
       
   418      * @param query  the query to invoke, not null
       
   419      * @return the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
       
   420      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
       
   421      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
       
   422      */
       
   423     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
       
   424     @Override
       
   425     public default <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query) {
       
   426         if (query == Queries.chrono()) {
       
   427             return (R) getChrono();
       
   428         }
       
   429         if (query == Queries.precision()) {
       
   430             return (R) DAYS;
       
   431         }
       
   432         // inline TemporalAccessor.super.query(query) as an optimization
       
   433         if (query == Queries.zoneId() || query == Queries.zone() || query == Queries.offset()) {
       
   434             return null;
       
   435         }
       
   436         return query.queryFrom(this);
       
   437     }
       
   438 
       
   439     /**
       
   440      * Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same date as this object.
       
   441      * <p>
       
   442      * This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input
       
   443      * with the date changed to be the same as this.
       
   444      * <p>
       
   445      * The adjustment is equivalent to using {@link Temporal#with(TemporalField, long)}
       
   446      * passing {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY} as the field.
       
   447      * <p>
       
   448      * In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
       
   449      * {@link Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster)}:
       
   450      * <pre>
       
   451      *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
       
   452      *   temporal = thisLocalDate.adjustInto(temporal);
       
   453      *   temporal = temporal.with(thisLocalDate);
       
   454      * </pre>
       
   455      * <p>
       
   456      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
       
   457      *
       
   458      * @param temporal  the target object to be adjusted, not null
       
   459      * @return the adjusted object, not null
       
   460      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
       
   461      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
       
   462      */
       
   463     @Override
       
   464     public default Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal) {
       
   465         return temporal.with(EPOCH_DAY, toEpochDay());
       
   466     }
       
   467 
       
   468     /**
       
   469      * Calculates the period between this date and another date in
       
   470      * terms of the specified unit.
       
   471      * <p>
       
   472      * This calculates the period between two dates in terms of a single unit.
       
   473      * The start and end points are {@code this} and the specified date.
       
   474      * The result will be negative if the end is before the start.
       
   475      * The {@code Temporal} passed to this method must be a
       
   476      * {@code ChronoLocalDate} in the same chronology.
       
   477      * The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of
       
   478      * complete units between the two dates.
       
   479      * For example, the period in days between two dates can be calculated
       
   480      * using {@code startDate.periodUntil(endDate, DAYS)}.
       
   481      * <p>
       
   482      * This method operates in association with {@link TemporalUnit#between}.
       
   483      * The result of this method is a {@code long} representing the amount of
       
   484      * the specified unit. By contrast, the result of {@code between} is an
       
   485      * object that can be used directly in addition/subtraction:
       
   486      * <pre>
       
   487      *   long period = start.periodUntil(end, MONTHS);   // this method
       
   488      *   dateTime.plus(MONTHS.between(start, end));      // use in plus/minus
       
   489      * </pre>
       
   490      * <p>
       
   491      * The calculation is implemented in this method for {@link ChronoUnit}.
       
   492      * The units {@code DAYS}, {@code WEEKS}, {@code MONTHS}, {@code YEARS},
       
   493      * {@code DECADES}, {@code CENTURIES}, {@code MILLENNIA} and {@code ERAS}
       
   494      * should be supported by all implementations.
       
   495      * Other {@code ChronoUnit} values will throw an exception.
       
   496      * <p>
       
   497      * If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
       
   498      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)}
       
   499      * passing {@code this} as the first argument and the input temporal as
       
   500      * the second argument.
       
   501      * <p>
       
   502      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
       
   503      *
       
   504      * @param endDate  the end date, which must be a {@code ChronoLocalDate}
       
   505      *  in the same chronology, not null
       
   506      * @param unit  the unit to measure the period in, not null
       
   507      * @return the amount of the period between this date and the end date
       
   508      * @throws DateTimeException if the period cannot be calculated
       
   509      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
       
   510      */
       
   511     @Override  // override for Javadoc
       
   512     public abstract long periodUntil(Temporal endDate, TemporalUnit unit);
       
   513 
       
   514     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   515     /**
       
   516      * Returns a date-time formed from this date at the specified time.
       
   517      * <p>
       
   518      * This merges the two objects - {@code this} and the specified time -
       
   519      * to form an instance of {@code ChronoLocalDateTime}.
       
   520      * <p>
       
   521      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
       
   522      * <p>
       
   523      * This default implementation creates the date-time.
       
   524      *
       
   525      * @param localTime  the local time to use, not null
       
   526      * @return the local date-time formed from this date and the specified time, not null
       
   527      */
       
   528     public default ChronoLocalDateTime<C> atTime(LocalTime localTime) {
       
   529         return Chrono.dateTime(this, localTime);
       
   530     }
       
   531 
       
   532     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   533     /**
       
   534      * Converts this date to the Epoch Day.
       
   535      * <p>
       
   536      * The {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY Epoch Day count} is a simple
       
   537      * incrementing count of days where day 0 is 1970-01-01 (ISO).
       
   538      * This definition is the same for all chronologies, enabling conversion.
       
   539      * <p>
       
   540      * This default implementation queries the {@code EPOCH_DAY} field.
       
   541      *
       
   542      * @return the Epoch Day equivalent to this date
       
   543      */
       
   544     public default long toEpochDay() {
       
   545         return getLong(EPOCH_DAY);
       
   546     }
       
   547 
       
   548     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   549     /**
       
   550      * Compares this date to another date, including the chronology.
       
   551      * <p>
       
   552      * The comparison is based first on the underlying time-line date, then
       
   553      * on the chronology.
       
   554      * It is "consistent with equals", as defined by {@link Comparable}.
       
   555      * <p>
       
   556      * For example, the following is the comparator order:
       
   557      * <ol>
       
   558      * <li>{@code 2012-12-03 (ISO)}</li>
       
   559      * <li>{@code 2012-12-04 (ISO)}</li>
       
   560      * <li>{@code 2555-12-04 (ThaiBuddhist)}</li>
       
   561      * <li>{@code 2012-12-05 (ISO)}</li>
       
   562      * </ol>
       
   563      * Values #2 and #3 represent the same date on the time-line.
       
   564      * When two values represent the same date, the chronology ID is compared to distinguish them.
       
   565      * This step is needed to make the ordering "consistent with equals".
       
   566      * <p>
       
   567      * If all the date objects being compared are in the same chronology, then the
       
   568      * additional chronology stage is not required and only the local date is used.
       
   569      * To compare the dates of two {@code TemporalAccessor} instances, including dates
       
   570      * in two different chronologies, use {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY} as a comparator.
       
   571      * <p>
       
   572      * This default implementation performs the comparison defined above.
       
   573      *
       
   574      * @param other  the other date to compare to, not null
       
   575      * @return the comparator value, negative if less, positive if greater
       
   576      */
       
   577     @Override
       
   578     public default int compareTo(ChronoLocalDate<?> other) {
       
   579         int cmp = Long.compare(toEpochDay(), other.toEpochDay());
       
   580         if (cmp == 0) {
       
   581             cmp = getChrono().compareTo(other.getChrono());
       
   582         }
       
   583         return cmp;
       
   584     }
       
   585 
       
   586     /**
       
   587      * Checks if this date is after the specified date ignoring the chronology.
       
   588      * <p>
       
   589      * This method differs from the comparison in {@link #compareTo} in that it
       
   590      * only compares the underlying date and not the chronology.
       
   591      * This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based
       
   592      * on the time-line position.
       
   593      * This is equivalent to using {@code date1.toEpochDay() &gt; date2.toEpochDay()}.
       
   594      * <p>
       
   595      * This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day.
       
   596      *
       
   597      * @param other  the other date to compare to, not null
       
   598      * @return true if this is after the specified date
       
   599      */
       
   600     public default boolean isAfter(ChronoLocalDate<?> other) {
       
   601         return this.toEpochDay() > other.toEpochDay();
       
   602     }
       
   603 
       
   604     /**
       
   605      * Checks if this date is before the specified date ignoring the chronology.
       
   606      * <p>
       
   607      * This method differs from the comparison in {@link #compareTo} in that it
       
   608      * only compares the underlying date and not the chronology.
       
   609      * This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based
       
   610      * on the time-line position.
       
   611      * This is equivalent to using {@code date1.toEpochDay() &lt; date2.toEpochDay()}.
       
   612      * <p>
       
   613      * This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day.
       
   614      *
       
   615      * @param other  the other date to compare to, not null
       
   616      * @return true if this is before the specified date
       
   617      */
       
   618     public default boolean isBefore(ChronoLocalDate<?> other) {
       
   619         return this.toEpochDay() < other.toEpochDay();
       
   620     }
       
   621 
       
   622     /**
       
   623      * Checks if this date is equal to the specified date ignoring the chronology.
       
   624      * <p>
       
   625      * This method differs from the comparison in {@link #compareTo} in that it
       
   626      * only compares the underlying date and not the chronology.
       
   627      * This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based
       
   628      * on the time-line position.
       
   629      * This is equivalent to using {@code date1.toEpochDay() == date2.toEpochDay()}.
       
   630      * <p>
       
   631      * This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day.
       
   632      *
       
   633      * @param other  the other date to compare to, not null
       
   634      * @return true if the underlying date is equal to the specified date
       
   635      */
       
   636     public default boolean isEqual(ChronoLocalDate<?> other) {
       
   637         return this.toEpochDay() == other.toEpochDay();
       
   638     }
       
   639 
       
   640     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   641     /**
       
   642      * Checks if this date is equal to another date, including the chronology.
       
   643      * <p>
       
   644      * Compares this date with another ensuring that the date and chronology are the same.
       
   645      * <p>
       
   646      * To compare the dates of two {@code TemporalAccessor} instances, including dates
       
   647      * in two different chronologies, use {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY} as a comparator.
       
   648      *
       
   649      * @param obj  the object to check, null returns false
       
   650      * @return true if this is equal to the other date
       
   651      */
       
   652     @Override
       
   653     boolean equals(Object obj);
       
   654 
       
   655     /**
       
   656      * A hash code for this date.
       
   657      *
       
   658      * @return a suitable hash code
       
   659      */
       
   660     @Override
       
   661     int hashCode();
       
   662 
       
   663     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       
   664     /**
       
   665      * Outputs this date as a {@code String}.
       
   666      * <p>
       
   667      * The output will include the full local date and the chronology ID.
       
   668      *
       
   669      * @return the formatted date, not null
       
   670      */
       
   671     @Override
       
   672     String toString();
       
   673 
       
   674     /**
       
   675      * Outputs this date as a {@code String} using the formatter.
       
   676      * <p>
       
   677      * The default implementation must behave as follows:
       
   678      * <pre>
       
   679      *  return formatter.print(this);
       
   680      * </pre>
       
   681      *
       
   682      * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
       
   683      * @return the formatted date string, not null
       
   684      * @throws DateTimeException if an error occurs during printing
       
   685      */
       
   686     public default String toString(DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
       
   687         Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
       
   688         return formatter.print(this);
       
   689     }
       
   690 
       
   691 }