25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of |
25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of |
26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. |
26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. |
27 |
27 |
28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to |
29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to |
30 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). |
30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). |
31 |
31 |
32 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
32 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): |
33 # |
33 # |
34 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is |
34 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is |
35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), |
35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), |
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). |
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). |
37 # |
37 # |
45 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. |
45 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. |
46 # |
46 # |
47 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, |
47 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, |
48 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which |
48 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which |
49 # I found in the UCLA library. |
49 # I found in the UCLA library. |
|
50 # |
|
51 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: |
|
52 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 |
|
53 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. |
50 # |
54 # |
51 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is |
55 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is |
52 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). |
56 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). |
53 # |
57 # |
54 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; |
58 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; |
300 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan |
304 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan |
301 7:30 - BNT 1933 |
305 7:30 - BNT 1933 |
302 8:00 - BNT |
306 8:00 - BNT |
303 |
307 |
304 # Burma / Myanmar |
308 # Burma / Myanmar |
|
309 |
|
310 # Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. |
|
311 |
305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
312 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
306 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon |
313 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon |
307 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? |
314 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? |
308 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time |
315 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time |
309 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 |
316 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 |
310 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time |
317 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time |
311 |
318 |
312 # Cambodia |
319 # Cambodia |
405 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May |
412 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May |
406 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May |
413 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May |
407 8:00 PRC C%sT |
414 8:00 PRC C%sT |
408 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") |
415 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") |
409 # most of China |
416 # most of China |
410 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 |
417 # Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest. |
|
418 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928 |
411 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 |
419 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 |
412 8:00 PRC C%sT |
420 8:00 PRC C%sT |
413 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) |
421 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) |
414 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; |
422 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; |
415 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong |
423 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong |
501 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar |
509 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar |
502 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time |
510 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time |
503 5:00 - KAST 1980 May |
511 5:00 - KAST 1980 May |
504 8:00 PRC C%sT |
512 8:00 PRC C%sT |
505 |
513 |
|
514 |
|
515 # Hong Kong (Xianggang) |
|
516 |
|
517 # Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. |
506 |
518 |
507 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): |
519 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): |
508 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong |
520 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong |
509 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, |
521 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, |
510 # it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, |
522 # it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, |
568 # The page does not givw an end date for 1945. |
580 # The page does not givw an end date for 1945. |
569 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. |
581 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. |
570 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. |
582 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. |
571 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. |
583 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. |
572 |
584 |
573 # Hong Kong (Xianggang) |
|
574 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
585 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
575 Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S |
586 Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S |
576 Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - |
587 Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - |
577 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S |
588 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S |
578 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - |
589 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - |
590 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - |
601 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - |
591 Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S |
602 Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S |
592 Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S |
603 Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S |
593 Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - |
604 Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - |
594 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
605 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
595 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 |
606 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 |
596 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 |
607 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 |
597 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 |
608 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 |
598 8:00 HK HK%sT |
609 8:00 HK HK%sT |
599 |
610 |
600 ############################################################################### |
611 ############################################################################### |
667 |
678 |
668 |
679 |
669 ############################################################################### |
680 ############################################################################### |
670 |
681 |
671 # Cyprus |
682 # Cyprus |
|
683 # |
|
684 # Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. |
|
685 # |
672 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
686 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
673 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S |
687 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S |
674 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - |
688 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - |
675 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S |
689 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S |
676 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - |
690 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - |
1220 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S |
1234 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S |
1221 Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D |
1235 Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D |
1222 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S |
1236 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S |
1223 |
1237 |
1224 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-10-18): |
1238 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-10-18): |
1225 |
|
1226 # Yesterday, the Interior Ministry Committee, after more than a year |
1239 # Yesterday, the Interior Ministry Committee, after more than a year |
1227 # past, approved sending the proposed June 2011 changes to the Time |
1240 # past, approved sending the proposed June 2011 changes to the Time |
1228 # Decree Law back to the Knesset for second and third (final) votes |
1241 # Decree Law back to the Knesset for second and third (final) votes |
1229 # before the upcoming elections on Jan. 22, 2013. Hence, although the |
1242 # before the upcoming elections on Jan. 22, 2013. Hence, although the |
1230 # changes are not yet law, they are expected to be so before February 2013. |
1243 # changes are not yet law, they are expected to be so before February 2013. |
1232 # As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday in March. |
1245 # As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday in March. |
1233 # DST ends at 02:00 on the first Sunday after October 1, unless it occurs on the |
1246 # DST ends at 02:00 on the first Sunday after October 1, unless it occurs on the |
1234 # second day of the Jewish Rosh Hashana holiday, in which case DST ends a day |
1247 # second day of the Jewish Rosh Hashana holiday, in which case DST ends a day |
1235 # later (i.e. at 02:00 the first Monday after October 2). |
1248 # later (i.e. at 02:00 the first Monday after October 2). |
1236 # [Rosh Hashana holidays are factored in until 2100.] |
1249 # [Rosh Hashana holidays are factored in until 2100.] |
|
1250 |
|
1251 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-11-05): |
|
1252 # The Knesset passed today (in second and final readings) the amendment to the |
|
1253 # Time Decree Law making the changes ... law. |
1237 |
1254 |
1238 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1255 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1239 Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D |
1256 Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D |
1240 Rule Zion 2013 2026 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S |
1257 Rule Zion 2013 2026 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S |
1241 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S |
1258 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S |
2070 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since |
2090 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since |
2071 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about |
2091 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about |
2072 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. |
2092 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. |
2073 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries |
2093 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries |
2074 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules |
2094 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules |
2075 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please |
2095 # to Palestine's rules. |
2076 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. |
|
2077 |
2096 |
2078 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, |
2097 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, |
2079 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: |
2098 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: |
2080 # |
2099 # |
2081 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time |
2100 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time |
2293 # Our brief summary: |
2312 # Our brief summary: |
2294 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html"> |
2313 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html"> |
2295 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html |
2314 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html |
2296 # </a> |
2315 # </a> |
2297 |
2316 |
2298 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): |
2317 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): |
2299 # The timeanddate article for 2012 says that "the end date has not yet been |
2318 # The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving |
2300 # announced" and that "Last year, both...paused daylight saving time during... |
2319 # time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). |
2301 # Ramadan. It is not yet known [for] 2012." |
2320 # [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] |
2302 # For now, assume both switch back on the last Friday in September. XXX |
2321 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 |
|
2322 # http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html |
|
2323 |
|
2324 # From Paul Eggert (2013-04-15): |
|
2325 # For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through |
|
2326 # the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00. This is consistent with |
|
2327 # the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, |
|
2328 # which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: |
|
2329 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 |
|
2330 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 |
2303 |
2331 |
2304 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2332 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2305 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S |
2333 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S |
2306 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
2334 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
2307 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
2335 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
2311 |
2339 |
2312 Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S |
2340 Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S |
2313 Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - |
2341 Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - |
2314 Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - |
2342 Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - |
2315 Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - |
2343 Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - |
2316 Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S |
2344 Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S |
2317 Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - |
2345 Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - |
2318 Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - |
2346 Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - |
2319 Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 0:00 0 - |
2347 Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S |
2320 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S |
2348 Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - |
2321 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 - |
2349 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - |
2322 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar lastSat 0:01 1:00 S |
2350 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S |
2323 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - |
2351 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - |
2324 |
2352 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S |
2325 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-09-20): |
2353 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - |
2326 # 2011 transitions per http://www.timeanddate.com as of 2011-09-20. |
2354 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S |
2327 # From Paul Eggert (2012-10-12): |
2355 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - |
2328 # 2012 transitions per http://www.timeanddate.com as of 2012-10-12. |
2356 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S |
|
2357 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Sep Fri>=21 1:00 0 - |
2329 |
2358 |
2330 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2359 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2331 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct |
2360 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct |
2332 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 |
2361 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 |
2333 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 |
2362 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 |
2334 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 |
2363 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 |
2335 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 |
2364 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 |
2336 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Apr 2 12:01 |
2365 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 |
2337 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Aug 1 |
2366 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep |
2338 2:00 - EET 2012 Mar 30 |
2367 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 |
2339 2:00 1:00 EEST 2012 Sep 21 1:00 |
2368 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 |
2340 2:00 - EET |
2369 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 |
|
2370 2:00 - EET 2012 |
|
2371 2:00 Palestine EE%sT |
2341 |
2372 |
2342 Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct |
2373 Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct |
2343 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 |
2374 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 |
2344 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 |
2375 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 |
2345 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 |
2376 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 |
2346 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 |
2377 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 |
2347 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug |
2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT |
2348 2:00 1:00 EEST 2008 Sep |
|
2349 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Apr 1 12:01 |
|
2350 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Aug 1 |
|
2351 2:00 - EET 2011 Aug 30 |
|
2352 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Sep 30 3:00 |
|
2353 2:00 - EET 2012 Mar 30 |
|
2354 2:00 1:00 EEST 2012 Sep 21 1:00 |
|
2355 2:00 - EET |
|
2356 |
2379 |
2357 # Paracel Is |
2380 # Paracel Is |
2358 # no information |
2381 # no information |
2359 |
2382 |
2360 # Philippines |
2383 # Philippines |
2419 |
2442 |
2420 # Spratly Is |
2443 # Spratly Is |
2421 # no information |
2444 # no information |
2422 |
2445 |
2423 # Sri Lanka |
2446 # Sri Lanka |
|
2447 |
|
2448 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): |
|
2449 # Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo |
|
2450 # mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably |
|
2451 # from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with |
|
2452 # Shanks and Pottenger. |
|
2453 |
2424 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): |
2454 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): |
2425 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" |
2455 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" |
2426 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, |
2456 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, |
2427 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17) |
2457 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17) |
2428 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at |
2458 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at |
2718 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 |
2748 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 |
2719 5:00 - UZT |
2749 5:00 - UZT |
2720 |
2750 |
2721 # Vietnam |
2751 # Vietnam |
2722 |
2752 |
|
2753 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): |
|
2754 # Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being |
|
2755 # used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways |
|
2756 # from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks |
|
2757 # and Pottenger. |
|
2758 |
2723 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): |
2759 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): |
2724 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; |
2760 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; |
2725 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. |
2761 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. |
2726 |
2762 |
2727 # From Shanks & Pottenger: |
2763 # From Shanks & Pottenger: |