# exec script requires -scripting mode

/*

 * Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 *

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

 * are met:

 *

 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

 *

 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 *

 *   - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its

 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived

 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.

 *

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS

 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,

 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR

 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,

 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,

 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR

 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF

 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING

 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS

 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 */

// The $EXEC builtin function can be used to run external commands:

$EXEC("ls")

$EXEC("ls -la")

// It can also be given a string to use as stdin:

$EXEC("cat", "Hello, world!")

// Additional arguments can be passed after the stdin argument, as an array of

// strings, or a sequence of varargs (if there is no stdin, null or undefined

// can be passed):

$EXEC("ls", undefined, "-l", "-a")

$EXEC("ls", undefined, ["-l", "-a"])

// Output of running external commands is returned from $EXEC:

print($EXEC("ls"))

// apply on $EXEC

print($EXEC.apply(this, ["ls"]));