/*

 * Copyright (c) 2005, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this

 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided

 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

 * questions.

 */

/**

   Provides a simple high-level Http server API, which can be used to build

   embedded HTTP servers. Both "http" and "https" are supported. The API provides

   a partial implementation of RFC <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">2616</a> (HTTP 1.1)

   and RFC <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt">2818</a> (HTTP over TLS).

   Any HTTP functionality not provided by this API can be implemented by application code

   using the API.

   <p>

   Programmers must implement the {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler} interface. This interface

   provides a callback which is invoked to handle incoming requests from clients.

   A HTTP request and its response is known as an exchange. HTTP exchanges are

   represented by the {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange} class.

   The {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer} class is used to listen for incoming TCP connections

   and it dispatches requests on these connections to handlers which have been

   registered with the server.

   <p>

   A minimal Http server example is shown below:

   <blockquote><pre>

   class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {

       public void handle(HttpExchange t) throws IOException {

           InputStream is = t.getRequestBody();

           read(is); // .. read the request body

           String response = "This is the response";

           t.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.length());

           OutputStream os = t.getResponseBody();

           os.write(response.getBytes());

           os.close();

       }

   }

   ...

   HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8000), 0);

   server.createContext("/applications/myapp", new MyHandler());

   server.setExecutor(null); // creates a default executor

   server.start();

   </pre></blockquote>

   <p>The example above creates a simple HttpServer which uses the calling

   application thread to invoke the handle() method for incoming http

   requests directed to port 8000, and to the path /applications/myapp/.

   <p>

   The {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange} class encapsulates everything an application needs to

   process incoming requests and to generate appropriate responses.

   <p>

   Registering a handler with a HttpServer creates a {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpContext} object and

   {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.Filter}

   objects can be added to the returned context. Filters are used to perform automatic pre- and

   post-processing of exchanges before they are passed to the exchange handler.

   <p>

   For sensitive information, a {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsServer} can

   be used to process "https" requests secured by the SSL or TLS protocols.

   A HttpsServer must be provided with a

   {@link com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsConfigurator} object, which contains an

   initialized {@link javax.net.ssl.SSLContext}.

   HttpsConfigurator can be used to configure the

   cipher suites and other SSL operating parameters.

   A simple example SSLContext could be created as follows:

   <blockquote><pre>

   char[] passphrase = "passphrase".toCharArray();

   KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

   ks.load(new FileInputStream("testkeys"), passphrase);

   KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

   kmf.init(ks, passphrase);

   TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

   tmf.init(ks);

   SSLContext ssl = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

   ssl.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

   </pre></blockquote>

   <p>

   In the example above, a keystore file called "testkeys", created with the keytool utility

   is used as a certificate store for client and server certificates.

   The following code shows how the SSLContext is then used in a HttpsConfigurator

   and how the SSLContext and HttpsConfigurator are linked to the HttpsServer.

   <blockquote><pre>

    server.setHttpsConfigurator (new HttpsConfigurator(sslContext) {

        public void configure (HttpsParameters params) {

        // get the remote address if needed

        InetSocketAddress remote = params.getClientAddress();

        SSLContext c = getSSLContext();

        // get the default parameters

        SSLParameters sslparams = c.getDefaultSSLParameters();

        if (remote.equals (...) ) {

            // modify the default set for client x

        }

        params.setSSLParameters(sslparams);

        // statement above could throw IAE if any params invalid.

        // eg. if app has a UI and parameters supplied by a user.

        }

    });

   </pre></blockquote>

   @since 1.6

 */

package com.sun.net.httpserver;