#+
−
# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.+
−
#+
−
# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it+
−
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as+
−
# published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this+
−
# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided+
−
# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.+
−
#+
−
# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT+
−
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or+
−
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License+
−
# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that+
−
# accompanied this code).+
−
#+
−
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version+
−
# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,+
−
# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.+
−
#+
−
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA+
−
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any+
−
# questions.+
−
#+
−
# tzdb data for North and Central America and environs+
−
+
−
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of+
−
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.+
−
+
−
# also includes Central America and the Caribbean+
−
+
−
# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,+
−
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to+
−
# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see+
−
# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):+
−
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is+
−
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).+
−
+
−
###############################################################################+
−
+
−
# United States+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):+
−
# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by+
−
# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),+
−
# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).+
−
# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)+
−
# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines+
−
# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,+
−
# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):+
−
# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw+
−
# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones+
−
# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,+
−
# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the+
−
# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen+
−
# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,+
−
# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it+
−
# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan+
−
# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for+
−
# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all+
−
# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18.  That Sunday+
−
# was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon+
−
# twice.  Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:+
−
#+
−
#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four+
−
#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval+
−
#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes+
−
#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was+
−
#   abandoned, probably forever.+
−
#+
−
# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:+
−
# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.+
−
# https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):+
−
# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.+
−
# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is+
−
# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),+
−
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).+
−
# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.+
−
# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):+
−
# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin+
−
# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost+
−
# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).+
−
# Not everyone is happy with the results:+
−
#+
−
#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some+
−
#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving+
−
#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.+
−
#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something+
−
#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer+
−
#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to+
−
#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving+
−
#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager+
−
#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make+
−
#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.+
−
#+
−
#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,+
−
#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday+
−
#+
−
# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see+
−
# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint+
−
# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).+
−
# http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html+
−
#+
−
# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.+
−
# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which+
−
# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently+
−
# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04):+
−
# Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules.+
−
# * Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving+
−
#   time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last+
−
#   Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday.+
−
#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday.+
−
#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09.+
−
#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30.+
−
#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST,+
−
#   from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967.+
−
#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06.+
−
#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to+
−
#   February's last Sunday.+
−
#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first+
−
#   Sunday.+
−
#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf+
−
# * Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward+
−
#   to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday.+
−
#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf+
−
# All transitions are at 02:00 local time.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson:+
−
# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of+
−
# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):+
−
# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.+
−
# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."+
−
# An AltaVista search turned up:+
−
# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html+
−
# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace+
−
# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."+
−
# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):+
−
# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.+
−
+
−
# From Joseph Gallant citing+
−
# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):+
−
# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set+
−
# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people+
−
# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,+
−
# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,+
−
# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word+
−
# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in+
−
# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From+
−
# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:+
−
#+
−
# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.+
−
# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a+
−
# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.+
−
# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out+
−
# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental+
−
# importance."+
−
#+
−
# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open+
−
# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,+
−
# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.+
−
# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."+
−
#+
−
# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):+
−
# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations+
−
# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of+
−
# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed+
−
# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19+
−
# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with+
−
# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.+
−
# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of+
−
# this time zone package.+
−
# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if+
−
# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.+
−
# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to+
−
# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to+
−
# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST+
−
Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST+
−
Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST+
−
Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT+
−
Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT+
−
Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT+
−
Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT+
−
+
−
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):+
−
# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON+
−
# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30+
−
# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON+
−
# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30+
−
# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER+
−
# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30+
−
# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO+
−
# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30+
−
# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)+
−
# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)+
−
# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W+
−
# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30+
−
# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC+
−
# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):+
−
# The above dates are for 1988.+
−
# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's+
−
# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the+
−
# Aleutians.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):+
−
# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and+
−
# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names+
−
# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966+
−
# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:+
−
#	(none)+
−
#	United States standard eastern time+
−
#	United States standard mountain time+
−
#	United States standard central time+
−
#	United States standard Pacific time+
−
#	(none)+
−
#	United States standard Alaska time+
−
#	(none)+
−
# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for+
−
# public law 98-181):+
−
#	Atlantic standard time+
−
#	eastern standard time+
−
#	central standard time+
−
#	mountain standard time+
−
#	Pacific standard time+
−
#	Yukon standard time+
−
#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time+
−
#	Bering standard time+
−
# And after 1983-11-30:+
−
#	Atlantic standard time+
−
#	eastern standard time+
−
#	central standard time+
−
#	mountain standard time+
−
#	Pacific standard time+
−
#	Alaska standard time+
−
#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time+
−
#	Samoa standard time+
−
# The law doesn't give abbreviations.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):+
−
# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:+
−
# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451+
−
# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108+
−
# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard+
−
# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",+
−
# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",+
−
# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"+
−
# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:+
−
#	1918 names			1967 names+
−
#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)+
−
#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)+
−
#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)+
−
#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:+
−
# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"+
−
# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):+
−
# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian+
−
# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the+
−
# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)+
−
# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09+
−
# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.+
−
#+
−
# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.+
−
#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15+
−
#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--+
−
#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second+
−
#     Sunday of March"; and+
−
#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first+
−
#     Sunday of November'.+
−
#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the+
−
#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.+
−
#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective+
−
#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress+
−
#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United+
−
#   States.+
−
#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the+
−
#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the+
−
#   Department study is complete.+
−
+
−
# US eastern time, represented by New York+
−
+
−
# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,+
−
# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky+
−
# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,+
−
# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,+
−
# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,+
−
# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia+
−
+
−
# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):+
−
# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington+
−
# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....+
−
# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time+
−
# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their+
−
# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):+
−
# According to today's Huntsville Times+
−
# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1+
−
# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City+
−
# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,+
−
# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"+
−
# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central+
−
# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work+
−
# in Columbus."+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):+
−
# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station+
−
# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started+
−
# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the+
−
# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern+
−
# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which+
−
# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.+
−
# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):+
−
# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208+
−
# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of+
−
# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the+
−
# nearest second.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920+
−
			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946+
−
			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
+
−
# US central time, represented by Chicago+
−
+
−
# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,+
−
# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and+
−
# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana+
−
# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,+
−
# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western+
−
# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern+
−
# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,+
−
# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):+
−
# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep+
−
# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the+
−
# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,+
−
# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got+
−
# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,+
−
# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each+
−
# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to+
−
# clear up.  See:+
−
# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.+
−
# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/+
−
+
−
# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:+
−
# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf+
−
# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local+
−
# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations+
−
# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited+
−
# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....+
−
#+
−
# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):+
−
# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI+
−
# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....+
−
# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3+
−
+
−
# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):+
−
# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is+
−
# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre+
−
# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in+
−
# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County+
−
# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):+
−
# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-06):+
−
# In 1950s Nashville a public clock had dueling faces, one for conservatives+
−
# and the other for liberals; the two sides didn't agree about the time of day.+
−
# I haven't found a photo of this clock, nor have I tracked down the TIME+
−
# magazine report cited below, but here's the story as told by the late+
−
# American journalist John Seigenthaler, who was there:+
−
#+
−
# "The two [newspaper] owners held strongly contrasting political and+
−
# ideological views.  Evans was a New South liberal, Stahlman an Old South+
−
# conservative, and their two papers frequently clashed editorially, often on+
−
# the same day....  In the 1950s as the state legislature was grappling with+
−
# the question of whether to approve daylight saving time for the entire state,+
−
# TIME magazine reported:+
−
#+
−
# "'The Nashville Banner and The Nashville Tennessean rarely agree on anything+
−
# but the time of day - and last week they couldn't agree on that.'+
−
#+
−
# "It was all too true. The clock on the front of the building had two faces -+
−
# The Tennessean side of the building facing west, the other, east.  When it+
−
# was high noon Banner time, it was 11 a.m. Tennessean time."+
−
#+
−
# Seigenthaler J. For 100 years, Tennessean had it covered.+
−
# The Tennessean 2007-05-11, republished 2015-04-06.+
−
# https://www.tennessean.com/story/insider/extras/2015/04/06/archives-seigenthaler-for-100-years-the-tennessean-had-it-covered/25348545/+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:24+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920+
−
			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.+
−
Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:48+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on+
−
# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.+
−
# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.+
−
# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and+
−
# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;+
−
# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.+
−
# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.+
−
Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:21+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
+
−
# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):+
−
# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the+
−
# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from+
−
# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):+
−
# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm+
−
# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html+
−
+
−
# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):+
−
# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although+
−
# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next+
−
# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall+
−
# at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".+
−
+
−
Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:53+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
+
−
# US mountain time, represented by Denver+
−
#+
−
# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western+
−
# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),+
−
# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,+
−
# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,+
−
# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):+
−
# On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.+
−
# However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe+
−
# mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done+
−
# and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.+
−
# Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on+
−
# 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing.  Although+
−
# that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a+
−
# separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway.  See:+
−
# Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.+
−
# El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.+
−
# https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/+
−
#+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00:04+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920+
−
			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946+
−
			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT+
−
+
−
# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles+
−
#+
−
# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,+
−
# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county+
−
# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),+
−
# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of+
−
# Malheur county), and Washington+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):+
−
# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,+
−
# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,+
−
# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change+
−
# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:+
−
# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.+
−
# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,+
−
# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c+
−
#+
−
# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14+
−
# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move+
−
# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:+
−
# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf+
−
#+
−
# In response:+
−
#+
−
#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much+
−
#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important+
−
#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.+
−
#     -- Ross, p 25+
−
#+
−
# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1+
−
# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).+
−
#+
−
# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,+
−
# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's+
−
# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed+
−
# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:+
−
# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props+
−
# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props+
−
#+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:07:02+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946+
−
			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT+
−
+
−
# Alaska+
−
# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):+
−
# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,+
−
# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.+
−
# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the+
−
# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of+
−
# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.+
−
# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1+
−
# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,+
−
# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).+
−
# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.+
−
# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf+
−
# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch+
−
# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.+
−
#+
−
# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was+
−
# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.+
−
# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was+
−
# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants+
−
# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or+
−
# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe+
−
# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.+
−
# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian+
−
# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for+
−
# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the+
−
# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):+
−
# One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and+
−
# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:+
−
# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."+
−
# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.+
−
# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html+
−
#+
−
# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:+
−
# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.+
−
# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).+
−
# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):+
−
# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:+
−
#+
−
# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,+
−
# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.+
−
# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on+
−
# Pacific Time.+
−
#+
−
# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the+
−
# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in+
−
# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.+
−
#+
−
# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted+
−
# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.+
−
#+
−
# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not+
−
# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.+
−
#+
−
# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo+
−
# Nation.)+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):+
−
# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian+
−
# Community office (using contact information available at+
−
# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla+
−
# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;+
−
# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether+
−
# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their+
−
# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I+
−
# did not inquire about practices in the past.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):+
−
# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's+
−
# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):+
−
# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing+
−
# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching+
−
# between AKST and AKDT from now on....+
−
# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/+
−
+
−
# From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06):+
−
# The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its+
−
# clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday).+
−
# They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round.+
−
# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16):+
−
# In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to+
−
# Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year.+
−
# https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/+
−
#+
−
# From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11):+
−
# The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month...+
−
# From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11):+
−
# Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the+
−
# "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00:+
−
# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/+
−
# So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will+
−
# rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32+
−
			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1942+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1969+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30+
−
			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1942+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1969+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55+
−
			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1942+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	1969+
−
			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT	2018 Nov  4  2:00+
−
			 -8:00	-	PST	2019 Jan 20  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18+
−
			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			 -9:00	-	YST	1942+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946+
−
			 -9:00	-	YST	1969+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37+
−
			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			-10:00	-	AST	1942+
−
			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr+
−
			-10:00	-	AHST	1969+
−
			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35+
−
			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			-11:00	-	NST	1942+
−
			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946+
−
			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr+
−
			-11:00	-	BST	1969+
−
			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			 -9:00	US	AK%sT+
−
Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35+
−
			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00+
−
			-11:00	-	NST	1942+
−
			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946+
−
			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr+
−
			-11:00	-	BST	1969+
−
			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30+
−
			-10:00	US	H%sT+
−
# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.+
−
#+
−
# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)+
−
# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,+
−
# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.+
−
#+
−
# From David Flater (2004-11-09):+
−
# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska+
−
# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which+
−
# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967+
−
# possibly until 1983:+
−
#+
−
#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:+
−
#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important+
−
#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was+
−
#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it+
−
#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard+
−
#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,+
−
#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with+
−
#  three votes for and one against."+
−
+
−
# Hawaii+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):+
−
# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225+
−
# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,+
−
# the article is available at+
−
# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf+
−
# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January+
−
# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight+
−
# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the+
−
# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the+
−
# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect+
−
# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for+
−
# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes+
−
# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of+
−
# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes+
−
# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)+
−
# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):+
−
# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the+
−
# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of+
−
# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act+
−
# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each+
−
# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one+
−
# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th+
−
# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of+
−
# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is+
−
# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon+
−
# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to+
−
# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.+
−
# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor+
−
# of the Territory of Hawaii."+
−
#+
−
# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.+
−
# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00+
−
			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00+
−
			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00+
−
			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8  2:00+
−
			-10:00	-	HST+
−
+
−
# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.+
−
+
−
# Arizona mostly uses MST.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):+
−
#+
−
# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the+
−
# Daylight Saving Time web page+
−
# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)+
−
# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.+
−
# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard+
−
# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military+
−
# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to+
−
# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix+
−
# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was+
−
# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of+
−
# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as+
−
# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona+
−
# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.+
−
#+
−
# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.+
−
# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1967+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21+
−
			-7:00	-	MST+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):+
−
# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,+
−
# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the+
−
# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its+
−
# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other+
−
# tribal nations don't use DST.)+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):+
−
# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.+
−
+
−
# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,+
−
# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,+
−
# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,+
−
# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,+
−
# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern+
−
# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)+
−
# switched four weeks late in 1974.+
−
#+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT+
−
+
−
# Indiana+
−
#+
−
# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:+
−
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):+
−
# A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate+
−
# in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time")+
−
# tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST:+
−
#  "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs+
−
#   out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland,+
−
#   R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock+
−
#   back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process.  The clock sticks on 9 as the+
−
#   debate rages on into the night.  The filibuster finally dies out and the+
−
#   bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m.  In the end,+
−
#   it doesn't matter which side won.  The law has no enforcement powers and+
−
#   is simply ignored by fast-time communities."+
−
# How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving.+
−
# Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05.+
−
# https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):+
−
# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,+
−
# with the following exceptions:+
−
#+
−
# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,+
−
#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.+
−
#+
−
# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.+
−
#+
−
# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like+
−
#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.+
−
#+
−
# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,+
−
#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.+
−
#+
−
# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,+
−
# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."+
−
# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!+
−
# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.+
−
#+
−
# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript+
−
# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.+
−
# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):+
−
# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana+
−
# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,+
−
# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the+
−
# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of+
−
# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the+
−
# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."+
−
# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their+
−
# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent+
−
# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.+
−
+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):+
−
# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is+
−
# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....+
−
# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:22+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920+
−
			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1969+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,+
−
# as well as from 1976 through 2005.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:37+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951+
−
			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1969+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00+
−
			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,+
−
# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back+
−
# in November 2007.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:53+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1969+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.+
−
# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-09):+
−
# The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County+
−
# returned to CST.  It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the+
−
# Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Perry	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Perry	1961	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:57+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1967 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
#+
−
# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,+
−
# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:10:53+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955+
−
			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,+
−
# then switched back in 2006.+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):+
−
# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post+
−
# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of+
−
# 1991-10-27.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:30+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947+
−
			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
#+
−
# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in+
−
# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:35+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1969+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:19:44+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1969+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2006+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):+
−
# The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at+
−
# 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill+
−
# for precisely 18 minutes.  See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50).  It is not+
−
# clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue+
−
# to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.+
−
#+
−
# From Michael Deckers (2019-08-06):+
−
# From the contemporary source given by Alois Treindl,+
−
# the switch in Louisville on 1946-04-28 was on 00:01+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26):+
−
# That source was the Louisville Courier-Journal, 1946-04-27, p 4.+
−
# Shanks gives 02:00 for all 20th-century transition times in Louisville.+
−
# Evidently this is wrong for spring 1946.  Although also likely wrong+
−
# for other dates, we have no data.+
−
#+
−
# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.+
−
# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Louisville	1950	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Louisville	1956	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:16:58+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921+
−
			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1968+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00+
−
			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Wayne County, Kentucky+
−
#+
−
# From Lake Cumberland LIFE+
−
# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml+
−
# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:+
−
# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from+
−
# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made+
−
# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not+
−
# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in+
−
# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.+
−
# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.+
−
# location in the Central time zone.+
−
#+
−
# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):+
−
# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,+
−
# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern+
−
# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,+
−
# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):+
−
# The final rule was published in the+
−
# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.+
−
# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm+
−
#+
−
Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1968+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):+
−
# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.+
−
# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;+
−
#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10+
−
# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10+
−
# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10+
−
# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10+
−
# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):+
−
# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,+
−
# so omit that change for now.+
−
# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.+
−
# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.+
−
# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on+
−
# 1999-10-31.  See the+
−
# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.+
−
# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm+
−
# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated+
−
# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;+
−
# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.+
−
+
−
# Michigan+
−
#+
−
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):+
−
# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):+
−
# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,+
−
# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)+
−
# that Detroit kept+
−
#+
−
#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should+
−
#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the+
−
#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision+
−
#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to+
−
#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the+
−
#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted+
−
#	by city vote.+
−
#+
−
# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):+
−
# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks+
−
# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more+
−
# info, so omit this for now.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-06):+
−
# Due to a complicated set of legal maneuvers, in 1967 Michigan did+
−
# not start daylight saving time when the rest of the US did.+
−
# Instead, it began DST on Jun 14 at 00:01.  This was big news:+
−
# the Detroit Free Press reported it at the top of Page 1 on+
−
# 1967-06-14, in an article "State Adjusting to Switch to Fast Time"+
−
# by Gary Blonston, above an article about Thurgood Marshall's+
−
# confirmation to the US Supreme Court.  Although Shanks says Detroit+
−
# observed DST until 1967-10-29 00:01, that time of day seems to be+
−
# incorrect, as the Free Press later said DST ended in Michigan at the+
−
# same time as the rest of the US.  Also, although Shanks reports no DST in+
−
# Detroit in 1968, it did observe DST that year; in the November 1968+
−
# election Michigan voters narrowly repealed DST, effective 1969.+
−
#+
−
# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1942+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946+
−
			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1967 Jun 14  0:01+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1969+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1973+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
#+
−
# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,+
−
# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER+
−
Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946+
−
			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
+
−
# Navassa+
−
# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service+
−
# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act+
−
# also claimed by Haiti+
−
# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co+
−
# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09+
−
# currently uninhabited+
−
# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",+
−
# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites+
−
# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).+
−
+
−
################################################################################+
−
+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):+
−
#+
−
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:+
−
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),+
−
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).+
−
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.+
−
#+
−
# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source+
−
# for time zone data was the International Air Transport+
−
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),+
−
# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries+
−
# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,+
−
# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.+
−
#+
−
# Other sources occasionally used include:+
−
#+
−
#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94+
−
#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.+
−
#+
−
#	Pearce C. The Great Daylight Saving Time Controversy.+
−
#	Australian Ebook Publisher. 2017. ISBN 978-1-925516-96-8.+
−
#+
−
#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,+
−
#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),+
−
#	which I found in the UCLA library.+
−
#+
−
#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition+
−
#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>+
−
#	[PDF] (1914-03)+
−
#+
−
# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.+
−
+
−
# Canada+
−
+
−
# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):+
−
# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada+
−
# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....+
−
#+
−
#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time+
−
#	offset	French	English	French	English+
−
#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT+
−
#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT+
−
#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-+
−
#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT+
−
#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT+
−
#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT+
−
#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT+
−
#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT+
−
#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-+
−
#+
−
#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time+
−
#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time+
−
#+
−
#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic+
−
#	C: du Centre		Central+
−
#	E: de l'Est		Eastern+
−
#	M:			Mountain+
−
#	N:			Newfoundland+
−
#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific+
−
#	R: des Rocheuses+
−
#	T: de Terre-Neuve+
−
#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):+
−
# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.+
−
+
−
# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks+
−
# & Pottenger.+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,+
−
# 2007-03-01):+
−
# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will+
−
# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the+
−
# U.S. and the rest of Canada....+
−
# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm+
−
# ...+
−
# Nova Scotia+
−
# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....+
−
# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf+
−
#+
−
# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to+
−
# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.+
−
# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf+
−
# ...+
−
# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.+
−
# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.+
−
# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php+
−
# ...+
−
# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.+
−
# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM+
−
# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm+
−
# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF+
−
# ...+
−
# P.E.I. will follow US rules....+
−
# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf+
−
# ...+
−
# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....+
−
# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm+
−
# ...+
−
# Yukon+
−
# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf+
−
# ...+
−
# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site+
−
# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the+
−
# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the+
−
# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using+
−
# JavaScript.+
−
# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive+
−
# ...+
−
# Nunavut+
−
# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....+
−
# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):+
−
# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map+
−
# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)+
−
# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp+
−
# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard+
−
# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.+
−
#+
−
# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.+
−
# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html+
−
# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5+
−
# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):+
−
# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the+
−
# new US DST rules,+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)+
−
# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles+
−
# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260+
−
# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.+
−
# The quote includes these two statements:+
−
# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'+
−
# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'+
−
# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time+
−
# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was+
−
# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.+
−
+
−
# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed+
−
# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day+
−
# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S+
−
+
−
+
−
# Newfoundland and Labrador+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):+
−
# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:+
−
# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07+
−
# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador+
−
# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope+
−
# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S+
−
# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S+
−
# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S+
−
# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &+
−
# Pottenger.+
−
Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S+
−
# Whitman gives the following transitions:+
−
# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07+
−
# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.+
−
# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives+
−
# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):+
−
# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches+
−
# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.+
−
+
−
# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):+
−
# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the+
−
# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.+
−
# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings+
−
# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time+
−
# now occurs at 2:00AM.+
−
# ...+
−
# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm+
−
# ...+
−
# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery+
−
# Office of the Chief Information Officer+
−
# Executive Council+
−
# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador+
−
+
−
Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S+
−
Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD+
−
Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S+
−
#+
−
# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918+
−
			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919+
−
			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30+
−
			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11+
−
			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946+
−
			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov+
−
			-3:30	Canada	N%sT+
−
+
−
# most of east Labrador+
−
+
−
# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay+
−
			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918+
−
			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919+
−
			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30+
−
			-3:30	-	NST	1936+
−
			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11+
−
			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946+
−
			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00+
−
			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT+
−
+
−
+
−
# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I+
−
+
−
# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):+
−
# From the historical weather station records available at:+
−
# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada+
−
# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was+
−
# likely to be the same across the island....+
−
# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would+
−
# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like+
−
# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;+
−
# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of+
−
# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town+
−
# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume+
−
# this is a typo.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15+
−
			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919+
−
			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946+
−
			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT+
−
Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953+
−
			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954+
−
			-4:00	-	AST	1972+
−
			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT+
−
+
−
# New Brunswick+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):+
−
# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>+
−
# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and+
−
# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it+
−
# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.+
−
# For now, assume it started in 1993.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933+
−
			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946+
−
			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993+
−
			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT+
−
+
−
# Quebec+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):+
−
# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.+
−
#+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63+
−
# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as+
−
# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.+
−
# The Quebec department of justice writes in+
−
# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"+
−
# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm+
−
# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon+
−
# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.+
−
# https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en+
−
# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.+
−
# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1970+
−
			-4:00	-	AST+
−
+
−
# Ontario+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like+
−
# Toronto.+
−
# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.+
−
# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;+
−
# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.+
−
# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.+
−
+
−
# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):+
−
# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST+
−
# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that+
−
# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw+
−
# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,+
−
# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable+
−
# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after+
−
# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but+
−
# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters+
−
# earlier in June).+
−
#+
−
# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):+
−
# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving+
−
# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.+
−
# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):+
−
# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star+
−
# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,+
−
# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.+
−
# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)+
−
# http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html+
−
# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.+
−
# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report+
−
# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and+
−
# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes+
−
# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in+
−
# violation of the official Ontario rules.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):+
−
# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the+
−
# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:+
−
#+
−
#	The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.+
−
#	This means they spend about half the time on central time and+
−
#	the other half on eastern time.+
−
#+
−
#	For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.+
−
#+
−
#	"The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern+
−
#	Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he+
−
#	said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."+
−
#+
−
# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang+
−
# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."+
−
+
−
# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:+
−
# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory+
−
# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he+
−
# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current+
−
# time keeping since 1952, at least.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River+
−
# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from+
−
# McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan+
−
# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time+
−
# ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour+
−
# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move+
−
# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.+
−
+
−
# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):+
−
#+
−
# Currently the database has:+
−
#+
−
# # Ontario+
−
#+
−
# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):+
−
# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like+
−
# # Toronto.+
−
# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.+
−
# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;+
−
# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.+
−
#+
−
# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom+
−
# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard+
−
# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:+
−
#+
−
#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,+
−
#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.+
−
#+
−
# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.+
−
#+
−
# I only came across this incidentally.  I don't know if Windsor began+
−
# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.+
−
#+
−
# By the way, the article continues by noting that:+
−
#+
−
#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back+
−
#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):+
−
#+
−
# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in+
−
# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,+
−
# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,+
−
# was available at+
−
# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S+
−
#+
−
# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):+
−
#+
−
#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would+
−
# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by+
−
# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities+
−
# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-+
−
# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,+
−
# for the other provinces only approximate:+
−
#+
−
#	Province	Daylight saving time used+
−
# Prince Edward Island	Not used.+
−
# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.+
−
# New Brunswick		In St. John only.+
−
# Quebec		In the following places:+
−
#			Montreal	Lachine+
−
#			Quebec		Mont-Royal+
−
#			Lévis		Iberville+
−
#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine+
−
#			Verdun		Loretteville+
−
#			Westmount	Richmond+
−
#			Outremont	St. Jérôme+
−
#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park+
−
#			Arvida		Waterloo+
−
#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu+
−
#			Melbourne	La Tuque+
−
#			St. Théophile	Buckingham+
−
# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along+
−
#			the southerly part of the province. Not+
−
#			used in the northwesterly part.+
−
# Manitoba		Not used.+
−
# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.+
−
# Alberta		Not used.+
−
# British Columbia	Not used.+
−
#+
−
#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited+
−
# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"+
−
# was meant.+
−
Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,+
−
# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this+
−
# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30+
−
# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.+
−
Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):+
−
# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and+
−
# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in+
−
# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,+
−
# Saskatchewan, for one year."+
−
+
−
# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,+
−
# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):+
−
# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight+
−
# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur+
−
# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central+
−
# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to+
−
# include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight+
−
# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so+
−
# already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World+
−
# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer+
−
# months for the remainder of the war years.+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919+
−
			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946+
−
			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT+
−
Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1910+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1942+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970+
−
			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1973+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1974+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT+
−
Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1940 Sep 29+
−
			-5:00	1:00	EDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT+
−
Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -	LMT	1895+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29+
−
			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT+
−
Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29+
−
			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST+
−
+
−
+
−
# Manitoba+
−
+
−
# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):+
−
# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to+
−
# March 27, 1987 ... said ...+
−
# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of+
−
# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central+
−
# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next+
−
# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...+
−
# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had+
−
# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....+
−
# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying+
−
# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of+
−
# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central+
−
# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)+
−
# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume+
−
# it was also 02:00s in 1966.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16+
−
			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT+
−
+
−
+
−
# Saskatchewan+
−
+
−
# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):+
−
# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal+
−
# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people+
−
# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,+
−
# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."+
−
# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:+
−
# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of+
−
# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad+
−
# time was noted.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):+
−
# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the+
−
# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):+
−
# Pearce's book says Regina observed DST in 1914-1917.  No dates and times,+
−
# unfortunately.  It also says that in 1914 Saskatoon observed DST+
−
# from 1 June to 6 July, and that DST was also tried out in Davidson,+
−
# Melfort, and Prince Albert.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.+
−
# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.+
−
# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton+
−
# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.+
−
+
−
# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):+
−
# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the+
−
# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.+
−
# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and+
−
# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.+
−
#+
−
# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years+
−
# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated+
−
# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial+
−
# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.+
−
#+
−
# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of+
−
# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern+
−
# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in+
−
# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to+
−
# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and+
−
# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would+
−
# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.+
−
#+
−
# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town+
−
# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to+
−
# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only+
−
# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT+
−
# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round+
−
# since sometime in the 1960s.+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):+
−
# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages+
−
# long and rather painful to read.+
−
# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
#+
−
Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep+
−
			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST+
−
Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep+
−
			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00+
−
			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950+
−
			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST+
−
+
−
+
−
# Alberta+
−
+
−
# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-19):+
−
# There was no DST in Alberta in 1967... Calgary Herald, 29 April 1967.+
−
# 1969, no DST, from Edmonton Journal 18 April 1969+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):+
−
# Pearce's book says that Alberta's 1948 Daylight Saving Act required+
−
# Mountain Standard Time without DST, and that "anyone who broke that law+
−
# could be fined up to $25 and costs".  There seems to be no record of+
−
# anybody paying the fine.  The law was not changed until an August 1971+
−
# plebiscite reinstituted DST in 1972.  This story is also mentioned in:+
−
# Boyer JP. Forcing Choice: The Risky Reward of Referendums. Dundum. 2017.+
−
# ISBN 978-1459739123.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep+
−
			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987+
−
			-7:00	Canada	M%sT+
−
+
−
+
−
# British Columbia+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has+
−
# been like Vancouver.+
−
# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.+
−
+
−
# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):+
−
# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia+
−
# that do not currently observe daylight saving:+
−
# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)+
−
# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District+
−
# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)+
−
+
−
# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time+
−
# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the+
−
# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.+
−
# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260+
−
# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.+
−
# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.+
−
# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.+
−
+
−
# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains+
−
# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain.  I e-mailed Tammy a few months+
−
# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess.  She said it was just+
−
# as plausible as any other date (in June).  She also said that after writing+
−
# the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the+
−
# subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.+
−
# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56+
−
+
−
# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:+
−
# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)+
−
# Exact date unknown+
−
# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)+
−
# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.+
−
# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)+
−
# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.+
−
# note 1:+
−
# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,+
−
# Creston did not change its clocks.+
−
# note 2:+
−
# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,+
−
# Creston did not oblige.+
−
# note 3:+
−
# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time+
−
# (UTC-7) forever.+
−
# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.+
−
# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html+
−
+
−
# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.+
−
# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying+
−
# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before+
−
# the change.  It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this+
−
# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough+
−
# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.+
−
+
−
# The transition dates (and times) are guesses.+
−
+
−
# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):+
−
# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they+
−
# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with+
−
# America/Dawson_Creek.+
−
# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html+
−
#+
−
# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):+
−
# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,+
−
# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a+
−
# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has+
−
# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on+
−
# 2015-03-08.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):+
−
# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.+
−
# Alois Triendl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily+
−
# Province.  He also cited the 1946-09-28 Victoria Daily Times, which said+
−
# that Vancouver, Victoria, etc. "change at midnight Saturday"; for now,+
−
# guess they meant 02:00 Sunday since 02:00 was common practice in Vancouver.+
−
#+
−
# Early Vancouver, Volume Four, by Major J.S. Matthews, V.D., 2011 edition+
−
# says that a 1922 plebiscite adopted DST, but a 1923 plebiscite rejected it.+
−
# http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/archives/digitized/EarlyVan/SearchEarlyVan/Vol4pdf/MatthewsEarlyVancouverVol4_DaylightSavings.pdf+
−
# A catalog entry for a newspaper clipping seems to indicate that Vancouver+
−
# observed DST in 1941 from 07-07 through 09-27; see+
−
# https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/daylight-saving-1918-starts-again-july-7-1941-start-d-s-sept-27-end-of-d-s-1941+
−
# We have no further details, so omit them for now.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987+
−
			-8:00	Canada	P%sT+
−
Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947+
−
			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00+
−
			-7:00	-	MST+
−
Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1947+
−
			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987+
−
			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00+
−
			-7:00	-	MST+
−
Zone America/Creston	-7:46:04 -	LMT	1884+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1916 Oct 1+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1918 Jun 2+
−
			-7:00	-	MST+
−
+
−
# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.+
−
# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:+
−
#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,+
−
#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....+
−
#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).+
−
#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]+
−
#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.+
−
#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.+
−
#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.+
−
+
−
# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):+
−
#+
−
# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following+
−
# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,+
−
# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its+
−
# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act+
−
# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.+
−
#+
−
# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or+
−
# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include+
−
# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS+
−
# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and+
−
# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial+
−
# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of+
−
# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,+
−
# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,+
−
# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart+
−
# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as+
−
# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.+
−
#+
−
# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,+
−
#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)+
−
#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:+
−
#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance+
−
#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and+
−
#   thirty-fifth meridian.+
−
#+
−
# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;+
−
#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System+
−
#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:+
−
#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.+
−
#+
−
#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine+
−
#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.+
−
#+
−
#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations+
−
#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.+
−
#+
−
# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance+
−
#   [no online source found]+
−
#+
−
# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,+
−
#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)+
−
#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon+
−
#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...+
−
#+
−
#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon+
−
#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.+
−
#+
−
#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the+
−
#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,+
−
#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that+
−
#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon+
−
#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.+
−
#+
−
#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree+
−
#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine+
−
#     hours behind Greenwich Time.+
−
#+
−
# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214+
−
#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html+
−
#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...+
−
#+
−
#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby+
−
#     revoked.+
−
#+
−
#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation+
−
#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973+
−
#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is+
−
#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.+
−
#+
−
# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT+
−
#   [no online source found]+
−
#+
−
# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56+
−
#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html+
−
#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...+
−
#+
−
#   In every year between+
−
#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and+
−
#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,+
−
#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and+
−
#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.+
−
#   ...+
−
#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.+
−
#+
−
# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127+
−
#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html+
−
#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...+
−
#+
−
#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours+
−
#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock+
−
#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock+
−
#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called+
−
#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.+
−
#+
−
#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.+
−
#+
−
#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.+
−
#+
−
# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125+
−
# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):+
−
# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.+
−
# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31+
−
# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html+
−
#+
−
# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):+
−
# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut+
−
# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):+
−
# Basic Facts: The New Territory+
−
# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html+
−
# (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,+
−
# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when+
−
# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):+
−
# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,+
−
# Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:+
−
#+
−
# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:+
−
#+
−
#	First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,+
−
#	Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist+
−
#+
−
# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:+
−
#+
−
#	Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator+
−
#+
−
# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.+
−
# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to+
−
# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not+
−
# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.+
−
# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,+
−
# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.+
−
# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to+
−
# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with+
−
# the current state of affairs.+
−
+
−
# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the+
−
# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):+
−
# http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html+
−
# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,+
−
# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time+
−
# for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]+
−
# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):+
−
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories+
−
# for these potential new Zones.+
−
#+
−
# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the+
−
# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central+
−
# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the+
−
# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.+
−
# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of+
−
# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not+
−
# required to use daylight savings.+
−
+
−
# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>+
−
# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):+
−
# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and+
−
# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them+
−
# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.+
−
# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against+
−
# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with+
−
# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on+
−
# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to+
−
# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's+
−
# unified time zone in 1999.+
−
#+
−
# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:+
−
# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):+
−
# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):+
−
# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising+
−
# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert+
−
# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the+
−
# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that+
−
# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm+
−
# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with+
−
# more.+
−
# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]+
−
+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):+
−
# According to ...+
−
# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp+
−
# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time+
−
# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year+
−
# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.+
−
# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it+
−
# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....+
−
# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):+
−
# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed+
−
# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also+
−
# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;+
−
# see above for an up-to-date link.+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):+
−
# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in+
−
# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.+
−
# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of+
−
# daylight saving....+
−
# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html+
−
+
−
# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):+
−
# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute+
−
# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of+
−
# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had+
−
# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.+
−
#+
−
# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay+
−
# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...+
−
#+
−
# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March+
−
# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I+
−
# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able+
−
# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was+
−
# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone+
−
# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).+
−
# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks+
−
# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in+
−
# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...+
−
#+
−
# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I+
−
# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature+
−
# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of+
−
# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of+
−
# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for+
−
# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived+
−
# and worked in Resolute Bay...+
−
#+
−
# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that+
−
# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of+
−
# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead+
−
# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay+
−
# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not+
−
# tell me when the practice had stopped.+
−
#+
−
# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of+
−
# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went+
−
# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz+
−
# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the+
−
# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on+
−
# Aziz:+
−
# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493+
−
#+
−
# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using+
−
# Eastern Standard Time.+
−
#+
−
# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the+
−
# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way+
−
# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in+
−
# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"+
−
#+
−
# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.+
−
#+
−
# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz+
−
# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You+
−
# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a+
−
# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"+
−
#+
−
# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would+
−
# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I+
−
# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...+
−
# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1980	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1980	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
# aka Panniqtuuq+
−
Zone America/Pangnirtung 0	-	-00	1921 # trading post est.+
−
			-4:00	NT_YK	A%sT	1995 Apr Sun>=1  2:00+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT+
−
# formerly Frobisher Bay+
−
Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.+
−
			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	Canada	E%sT+
−
# aka Qausuittuq+
−
Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded+
−
			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT+
−
# aka Kangiqiniq+
−
Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded+
−
			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT+
−
# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq+
−
Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?+
−
			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00+
−
			-7:00	Canada	M%sT+
−
Zone America/Yellowknife 0	-	-00	1935 # Yellowknife founded?+
−
			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980+
−
			-7:00	Canada	M%sT+
−
Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded+
−
			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00+
−
			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980+
−
			-7:00	Canada	M%sT+
−
Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20+
−
			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1967 May 28  0:00+
−
			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980+
−
			-8:00	Canada	P%sT+
−
Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20+
−
			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00+
−
			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980+
−
			-8:00	Canada	P%sT+
−
+
−
+
−
###############################################################################+
−
+
−
# Mexico+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):+
−
# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the+
−
# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a+
−
# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)+
−
# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm+
−
#+
−
# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.+
−
# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)+
−
# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.+
−
# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.+
−
# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.+
−
# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.+
−
+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):+
−
# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the+
−
# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that+
−
# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of+
−
# the relevant documents.+
−
+
−
# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):+
−
# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree+
−
# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.+
−
#+
−
# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------+
−
#+
−
# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the+
−
# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:+
−
#+
−
# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:+
−
#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)+
−
#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)+
−
#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)+
−
#+
−
# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October+
−
#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:+
−
#    BajaNorte: GMT+7+
−
#    BajaSur:   GMT+6+
−
#    General:   GMT+5+
−
#+
−
# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:+
−
#    BajaNorte: GMT+8+
−
#    BajaSur:   GMT+7+
−
#    General:   GMT+6+
−
#+
−
# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.+
−
#+
−
# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------+
−
# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):+
−
# For an English translation of the decree, see+
−
# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).+
−
# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):+
−
# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times+
−
# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):+
−
# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time+
−
# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight+
−
# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of+
−
# Arizona year round.+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating+
−
# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):+
−
# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National+
−
# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each+
−
# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the+
−
# whole year.+
−
+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):+
−
# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says+
−
# (translated):...+
−
# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced+
−
# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting+
−
# this year....+
−
# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001+
−
# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday+
−
# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):+
−
# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one+
−
# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...+
−
# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html+
−
# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep+
−
# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than+
−
# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish+
−
# observation of Daylight Saving Time.+
−
+
−
# Official statute published by the Energy Department+
−
# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre+
−
# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,+
−
# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):+
−
#+
−
# https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-mar-03-mn-32561-story.html+
−
# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times+
−
# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.+
−
# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that+
−
#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.+
−
# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.+
−
# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including+
−
#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.+
−
#+
−
# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):+
−
# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight+
−
# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier+
−
# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight+
−
# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California+
−
# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight+
−
# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president+
−
# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending+
−
# September 30, 2001.+
−
# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>+
−
# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)+
−
+
−
# From Reuters (2001-09-04):+
−
# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was+
−
# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the+
−
# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation+
−
# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00+
−
# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to+
−
# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not+
−
# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):+
−
# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted+
−
# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....+
−
# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)+
−
# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):+
−
#+
−
# Steffen Thorsen wrote:+
−
# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern+
−
# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as+
−
# > the United States.+
−
# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from+
−
# 2010, some border regions will be the same:+
−
# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/+
−
# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939+
−
# (Spanish)+
−
#+
−
# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:+
−
# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf+
−
# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)+
−
#+
−
# There is also a list of the votes here:+
−
# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html+
−
#+
−
# Our page:+
−
# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):+
−
# The page+
−
# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010+
−
# includes this text:+
−
# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;+
−
# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;+
−
# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en+
−
# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto+
−
# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos+
−
# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.+
−
# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja+
−
# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea+
−
# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte+
−
# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el+
−
# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá+
−
# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a+
−
# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:+
−
# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.+
−
#+
−
# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo+
−
# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios+
−
# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an+
−
# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change+
−
# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time+
−
# zone along with the rest of the country."+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:+
−
# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html+
−
# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday+
−
# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current+
−
# time..."+
−
# Also, the new zone will not use DST.+
−
#+
−
# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):+
−
# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally+
−
# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación+
−
# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015+
−
# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:+
−
# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,+
−
#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.+
−
# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the+
−
#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía+
−
#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.+
−
# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the+
−
#    state of Baja California.+
−
# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state+
−
#    of Quintana Roo.+
−
# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the+
−
#    longitude they are located at.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War+
−
Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún+
−
Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23+
−
			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00+
−
			-5:00	-	EST+
−
# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida+
−
Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:01:32+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT+
−
# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)+
−
# This includes the following municipalities:+
−
#   in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,+
−
#     Guerrero, Hidalgo.+
−
#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.+
−
#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,+
−
#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.+
−
# See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,+
−
# 2016-03-12+
−
# http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza+
−
Zone America/Matamoros	-6:40:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:20:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1988+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT+
−
# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)+
−
Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:18:44+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1988+
−
			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT+
−
# Central Mexico+
−
Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:23:24+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT+
−
# Chihuahua (near US border)+
−
# This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,+
−
# Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.+
−
# (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)+
−
Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:02:20+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1996+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00+
−
			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010+
−
			-7:00	US	M%sT+
−
# Chihuahua (away from US border)+
−
Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:55:40+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1996+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00+
−
			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT+
−
# Sonora+
−
Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:36:08+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1970+
−
			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999+
−
			-7:00	-	MST+
−
+
−
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):+
−
# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)+
−
# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to+
−
# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).+
−
#+
−
# (Spanish)+
−
# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del+
−
# país, a partir de este domingo+
−
# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748+
−
#+
−
# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del+
−
# País+
−
# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50+
−
#+
−
# (English)+
−
# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone+
−
# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml+
−
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html+
−
#+
−
# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that+
−
# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time+
−
# zone ..."+
−
# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):+
−
# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.+
−
+
−
# Mazatlán+
−
Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:54:20+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1970+
−
			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT+
−
+
−
# Bahía de Banderas+
−
Zone America/Bahia_Banderas	-7:01:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:59:00+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1+
−
			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1970+
−
			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00+
−
			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT+
−
+
−
# Baja California+
−
Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:11:56+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1924+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00+
−
			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1+
−
			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24+
−
			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u+
−
			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5+
−
			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1954+
−
			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961+
−
			-8:00	-	PST	1976+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996+
−
			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20+
−
			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010+
−
			-8:00	US	P%sT+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from+
−
# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976+
−
# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say+
−
# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports+
−
# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and+
−
# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that+
−
# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns+
−
# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone+
−
# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its+
−
# name or contents should be.+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):+
−
# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to+
−
# have come from a misreading of+
−
# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010+
−
# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.+
−
#+
−
#+
−
# Revillagigedo Is+
−
# no information+
−
+
−
###############################################################################+
−
+
−
# Anguilla+
−
# Antigua and Barbuda+
−
# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
−
+
−
# Bahamas+
−
#+
−
# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.+
−
#+
−
# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):+
−
# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST+
−
# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....+
−
# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2+
−
			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
+
−
# Barbados+
−
+
−
# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1924 # Bridgetown+
−
			-3:58:29 -	BMT	1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time+
−
			-4:00	Barb	A%sT+
−
+
−
# Belize+
−
# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	-0530+
−
Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	CST+
−
Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT+
−
Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST+
−
Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT+
−
Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr+
−
			-6:00	Belize	%s+
−
+
−
# Bermuda+
−
+
−
# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,+
−
# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.+
−
+
−
# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):+
−
+
−
# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday+
−
# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone+
−
# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on+
−
# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.+
−
# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1  2:00 # Hamilton+
−
			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28  2:00+
−
			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976+
−
			-4:00	US	A%sT+
−
+
−
# Cayman Is+
−
# See America/Panama.+
−
+
−
# Costa Rica+
−
+
−
# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D+
−
# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;+
−
# go with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S+
−
# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José+
−
			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time+
−
			-6:00	CR	C%sT+
−
# Coco+
−
# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica+
−
+
−
# Cuba+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):+
−
# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57+
−
# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.+
−
# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):+
−
# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between+
−
# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on+
−
# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.+
−
# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that+
−
# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving+
−
# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of+
−
# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched+
−
# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have+
−
# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):+
−
# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the+
−
# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...+
−
# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html+
−
+
−
# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):+
−
# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):+
−
# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html+
−
# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras+
−
# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return+
−
# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".+
−
# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.+
−
+
−
# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):+
−
# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone+
−
# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:+
−
# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):+
−
# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end+
−
# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see+
−
# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html+
−
# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,+
−
# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning+
−
# to the normal schedule....+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):+
−
# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,+
−
# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.+
−
# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,+
−
# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):+
−
# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week+
−
# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.+
−
#+
−
# He supplied these references:+
−
#+
−
# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES+
−
# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm+
−
#+
−
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):+
−
# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):+
−
#+
−
# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre+
−
# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html+
−
#+
−
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):+
−
# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight+
−
# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to+
−
# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj+
−
# a Cuban information station, and heard+
−
# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),+
−
# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):+
−
# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...+
−
# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):+
−
# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm+
−
#+
−
# Some more background information is posted here:+
−
# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html+
−
#+
−
# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,+
−
# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the+
−
# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been+
−
# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception+
−
# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to+
−
# change some historic records as well.+
−
#+
−
# One example:+
−
# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):+
−
# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative+
−
# web site, the Granma.  Please check out+
−
# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html+
−
#+
−
# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change+
−
# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):+
−
# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.+
−
+
−
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)+
−
# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on+
−
# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-+
−
# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.+
−
#+
−
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html+
−
# (in Spanish)+
−
+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)+
−
# I listened over the Internet to+
−
# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj+
−
# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the+
−
# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating+
−
# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):+
−
# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00+
−
# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has+
−
# changed at all).+
−
#+
−
# Source:+
−
# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html+
−
#+
−
# Our info:+
−
# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)+
−
# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back+
−
# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.+
−
#+
−
# One source (Spanish)+
−
# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html+
−
#+
−
# Our page:+
−
# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)+
−
# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March+
−
# 31 and April 1.+
−
#+
−
# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):+
−
# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril+
−
#+
−
# Our info on it:+
−
# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):+
−
# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back+
−
# to standard time on 2012-11-04:+
−
# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):+
−
# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D+
−
+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890+
−
			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT+
−
			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT+
−
+
−
# Dominica+
−
# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
−
+
−
# Dominican Republic+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):+
−
# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the+
−
# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....+
−
# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):+
−
# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.+
−
+
−
# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):+
−
# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,+
−
# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the+
−
# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date+
−
# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they+
−
# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going+
−
# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president+
−
# decided to revert.+
−
+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT+
−
Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST+
−
Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430+
−
Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST+
−
Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST+
−
Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890+
−
			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT+
−
			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27+
−
			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00+
−
			-4:00	-	AST+
−
+
−
# El Salvador+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador+
−
# instead of America/San_Salvador.+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador+
−
			-6:00	Salv	C%sT+
−
+
−
# Grenada+
−
# Guadeloupe+
−
# St Barthélemy+
−
# St Martin (French part)+
−
# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
−
+
−
# Guatemala+
−
#+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:+
−
# Diario Co Latino, at+
−
# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,+
−
# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had+
−
# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the+
−
# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from+
−
# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):+
−
# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006+
−
# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See+
−
# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5+
−
			-6:00	Guat	C%sT+
−
+
−
# Haiti+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):+
−
# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.+
−
# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release+
−
# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),+
−
# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:+
−
#+
−
#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general+
−
#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior+
−
#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the+
−
#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next+
−
#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.+
−
#+
−
#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform+
−
#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour+
−
#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in+
−
#   October 2005.+
−
#+
−
#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):+
−
# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like+
−
# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a+
−
# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST+
−
# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).+
−
#+
−
# I have found this article about it (in French):+
−
# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612+
−
#+
−
# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.+
−
+
−
# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):+
−
# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):+
−
# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,+
−
# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.+
−
# So this means they have already changed their time.+
−
#+
−
# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510+
−
# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253+
−
#+
−
# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):+
−
# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to+
−
# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.+
−
# Assume a US-style fall back as well.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):+
−
# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules+
−
# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they+
−
# are going to observe DST every year now...+
−
#+
−
# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/+
−
# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):+
−
# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti+
−
# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...+
−
# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html+
−
# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/+
−
# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):+
−
# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti+
−
# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,+
−
# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:+
−
# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.+
−
# Go with IATA.+
−
Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S+
−
Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890+
−
			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT+
−
			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT+
−
+
−
# Honduras+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):+
−
# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article+
−
# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4+
−
# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today+
−
# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president+
−
# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.+
−
+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):+
−
# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at+
−
# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).+
−
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html+
−
+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):+
−
# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).+
−
# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12+
−
# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):+
−
# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not+
−
# published, I have located this authoritative source:+
−
# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47+
−
+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):+
−
# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386+
−
# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....+
−
+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr+
−
			-6:00	Hond	C%sT+
−
#+
−
# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972+
−
+
−
# Jamaica+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an+
−
# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the+
−
# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.+
−
#+
−
# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but+
−
# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.+
−
# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that+
−
# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"+
−
# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),+
−
# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from+
−
# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:+
−
# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20+
−
# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647+
−
#+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston+
−
			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time+
−
			-5:00	-	EST	1974+
−
			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984+
−
			-5:00	-	EST+
−
+
−
# Martinique+
−
# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
−
Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France+
−
			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT+
−
			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6+
−
			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28+
−
			-4:00	-	AST+
−
+
−
# Montserrat+
−
# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
−
+
−
# Nicaragua+
−
#+
−
# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.+
−
#+
−
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):+
−
# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started+
−
# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of+
−
# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet+
−
# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".+
−
# Some background information is available on the President's official site:+
−
# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm+
−
# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:+
−
# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf+
−
#+
−
# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):+
−
# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's+
−
# assume that it is daylight saving....+
−
#+
−
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):+
−
# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at+
−
# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html+
−
# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last+
−
# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000+
−
# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...+
−
# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously+
−
# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time+
−
# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to+
−
# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.+
−
#+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):+
−
# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).+
−
# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm+
−
# (2005-09-26)+
−
#+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):+
−
# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410+
−
# (my informal translation)+
−
# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua+
−
# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the+
−
# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.+
−
#+
−
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):+
−
# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf+
−
# My informal translation runs:+
−
# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the+
−
# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.+
−
#+
−
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S+
−
Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S+
−
Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D+
−
Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S+
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# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
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Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890+
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			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?+
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			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May+
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			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16+
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			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00+
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			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24+
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			-6:00	-	CST	1993+
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			-5:00	-	EST	1997+
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			-6:00	Nic	C%sT+
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+
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# Panama+
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# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
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Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890+
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			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time+
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			-5:00	-	EST+
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Link America/Panama America/Cayman+
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+
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# Puerto Rico+
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# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.+
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# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
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Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan+
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			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3+
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			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946+
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			-4:00	-	AST+
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+
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# St Kitts-Nevis+
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# St Lucia+
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# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
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+
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# St Pierre and Miquelon+
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# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.+
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# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
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Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre+
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			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May+
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			-3:00	-	-03	1987+
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			-3:00	Canada	-03/-02+
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+
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# St Vincent and the Grenadines+
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# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
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+
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# Turks and Caicos+
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#+
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# From Chris Dunn in+
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# https://bugs.debian.org/415007+
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# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the+
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# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match+
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# the recent U.S. change of dates.+
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#+
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# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):+
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# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]+
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# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three+
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# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:+
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# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007+
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# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"+
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# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.+
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#+
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# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):+
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# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:+
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# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm+
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# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...+
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# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):+
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# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to+
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# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....+
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# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm+
−
#+
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# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:+
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# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)+
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# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local+
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# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...+
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# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3+
−
#+
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# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):+
−
# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,+
−
# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back+
−
# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.+
−
# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/+
−
#+
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# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]+
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Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890+
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			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time+
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			-5:00	-	EST	1979+
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			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00+
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			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11 3:00+
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			-5:00	US	E%sT+
−
+
−
# British Virgin Is+
−
# Virgin Is+
−
# See America/Port_of_Spain.+
−
+
−
+
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# Local Variables:+
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# coding: utf-8+
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# End:+
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