corba/src/java.corba/share/classes/org/omg/CORBA/ORB.java
changeset 32688 936c391804a5
parent 29827 aac4782e69ac
child 43345 a3460624dc33
--- a/corba/src/java.corba/share/classes/org/omg/CORBA/ORB.java	Wed Jul 05 20:49:25 2017 +0200
+++ b/corba/src/java.corba/share/classes/org/omg/CORBA/ORB.java	Sun Sep 13 23:31:47 2015 +0300
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
 /**
  * A class providing APIs for the CORBA Object Request Broker
- * features.  The <code>ORB</code> class also provides
+ * features.  The {@code ORB} class also provides
  * "pluggable ORB implementation" APIs that allow another vendor's ORB
  * implementation to be used.
  * <P>
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@
  * objects servicing requests (servers).
  * <P>
  *
- * The <code>ORB</code> class, which
+ * The {@code ORB} class, which
  * encapsulates generic CORBA functionality, does the following:
  * (Note that items 5 and 6, which include most of the methods in
- * the class <code>ORB</code>, are typically used with the <code>Dynamic Invocation
- * Interface</code> (DII) and the <code>Dynamic Skeleton Interface</code>
- * (DSI).
+ * the class {@code ORB}, are typically used with the
+ * {@code Dynamic Invocation Interface} (DII) and
+ * the {@code Dynamic Skeleton Interface} (DSI).
  * These interfaces may be used by a developer directly, but
  * most commonly they are used by the ORB internally and are
  * not seen by the general programmer.)
@@ -62,29 +62,29 @@
  * <li> initializes the ORB implementation by supplying values for
  *      predefined properties and environmental parameters
  * <li> obtains initial object references to services such as
- * the NameService using the method <code>resolve_initial_references</code>
+ * the NameService using the method {@code resolve_initial_references}
  * <li> converts object references to strings and back
  * <li> connects the ORB to a servant (an instance of a CORBA object
  * implementation) and disconnects the ORB from a servant
  * <li> creates objects such as
  *   <ul>
- *   <li><code>TypeCode</code>
- *   <li><code>Any</code>
- *   <li><code>NamedValue</code>
- *   <li><code>Context</code>
- *   <li><code>Environment</code>
- *   <li>lists (such as <code>NVList</code>) containing these objects
+ *   <li>{@code TypeCode}
+ *   <li>{@code Any}
+ *   <li>{@code NamedValue}
+ *   <li>{@code Context}
+ *   <li>{@code Environment}
+ *   <li>lists (such as {@code NVList}) containing these objects
  *   </ul>
  * <li> sends multiple messages in the DII
  * </OL>
  *
  * <P>
- * The <code>ORB</code> class can be used to obtain references to objects
+ * The {@code ORB} class can be used to obtain references to objects
  * implemented anywhere on the network.
  * <P>
  * An application or applet gains access to the CORBA environment
- * by initializing itself into an <code>ORB</code> using one of
- * three <code>init</code> methods.  Two of the three methods use the properties
+ * by initializing itself into an {@code ORB} using one of
+ * three {@code init} methods.  Two of the three methods use the properties
  * (associations of a name with a value) shown in the
  * table below.<BR>
  * <TABLE BORDER=1 SUMMARY="Standard Java CORBA Properties">
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@
  *     <TR><TD>org.omg.CORBA.ORBClass</TD>
  *     <TD>class name of an ORB implementation</TD></TR>
  *     <TR><TD>org.omg.CORBA.ORBSingletonClass</TD>
- *     <TD>class name of the ORB returned by <code>init()</code></TD></TR>
+ *     <TD>class name of the ORB returned by {@code init()}</TD></TR>
  * </TABLE>
  * <P>
- * These properties allow a different vendor's <code>ORB</code>
+ * These properties allow a different vendor's {@code ORB}
  * implementation to be "plugged in."
  * <P>
  * When an ORB instance is being created, the class name of the ORB
@@ -122,12 +122,12 @@
  * <P>
  * Note that Java&nbsp;IDL provides a default implementation for the
  * fully-functional ORB and for the Singleton ORB.  When the method
- * <code>init</code> is given no parameters, the default Singleton
- * ORB is returned.  When the method <code>init</code> is given parameters
+ * {@code init} is given no parameters, the default Singleton
+ * ORB is returned.  When the method {@code init} is given parameters
  * but no ORB class is specified, the Java&nbsp;IDL ORB implementation
  * is returned.
  * <P>
- * The following code fragment creates an <code>ORB</code> object
+ * The following code fragment creates an {@code ORB} object
  * initialized with the default ORB Singleton.
  * This ORB has a
  * restricted implementation to prevent malicious applets from doing
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@
  *    ORB orb = ORB.init();
  * </PRE>
  * <P>
- * The following code fragment creates an <code>ORB</code> object
- * for an application.  The parameter <code>args</code>
- * represents the arguments supplied to the application's <code>main</code>
+ * The following code fragment creates an {@code ORB} object
+ * for an application.  The parameter {@code args}
+ * represents the arguments supplied to the application's {@code main}
  * method.  Since the property specifies the ORB class to be
  * "SomeORBImplementation", the new ORB will be initialized with
  * that ORB implementation.  If p had been null,
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
  *    ORB orb = ORB.init(args, p);
  * </PRE>
  * <P>
- * The following code fragment creates an <code>ORB</code> object
+ * The following code fragment creates an {@code ORB} object
  * for the applet supplied as the first parameter.  If the given
  * applet does not specify an ORB class, the new ORB will be
  * initialized with the default Java&nbsp;IDL implementation.
@@ -271,27 +271,27 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <code>ORB</code> singleton object. This method always returns the
+     * Returns the {@code ORB} singleton object. This method always returns the
      * same ORB instance, which is an instance of the class described by the
-     * <code>org.omg.CORBA.ORBSingletonClass</code> system property.
+     * {@code org.omg.CORBA.ORBSingletonClass} system property.
      * <P>
-     * This no-argument version of the method <code>init</code> is used primarily
-     * as a factory for <code>TypeCode</code> objects, which are used by
-     * <code>Helper</code> classes to implement the method <code>type</code>.
-     * It is also used to create <code>Any</code> objects that are used to
-     * describe <code>union</code> labels (as part of creating a <code>
-     * TypeCode</code> object for a <code>union</code>).
+     * This no-argument version of the method {@code init} is used primarily
+     * as a factory for {@code TypeCode} objects, which are used by
+     * {@code Helper} classes to implement the method {@code type}.
+     * It is also used to create {@code Any} objects that are used to
+     * describe {@code union} labels (as part of creating a
+     * {@code TypeCode} object for a {@code union}).
      * <P>
      * This method is not intended to be used by applets, and in the event
      * that it is called in an applet environment, the ORB it returns
      * is restricted so that it can be used only as a factory for
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> objects.  Any <code>TypeCode</code> objects
+     * {@code TypeCode} objects.  Any {@code TypeCode} objects
      * it produces can be safely shared among untrusted applets.
      * <P>
      * If an ORB is created using this method from an applet,
      * a system exception will be thrown if
      * methods other than those for
-     * creating <code>TypeCode</code> objects are invoked.
+     * creating {@code TypeCode} objects are invoked.
      *
      * @return the singleton ORB
      *
@@ -350,13 +350,13 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>ORB</code> instance for a standalone
+     * Creates a new {@code ORB} instance for a standalone
      * application.  This method may be called from applications
-     * only and returns a new fully functional <code>ORB</code> object
+     * only and returns a new fully functional {@code ORB} object
      * each time it is called.
-     * @param args command-line arguments for the application's <code>main</code>
-     *             method; may be <code>null</code>
-     * @param props application-specific properties; may be <code>null</code>
+     * @param args command-line arguments for the application's {@code main}
+     *             method; may be {@code null}
+     * @param props application-specific properties; may be {@code null}
      * @return the newly-created ORB instance
      *
      * @implNote
@@ -394,11 +394,11 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>ORB</code> instance for an applet.  This
+     * Creates a new {@code ORB} instance for an applet.  This
      * method may be called from applets only and returns a new
-     * fully-functional <code>ORB</code> object each time it is called.
-     * @param app the applet; may be <code>null</code>
-     * @param props applet-specific properties; may be <code>null</code>
+     * fully-functional {@code ORB} object each time it is called.
+     * @param app the applet; may be {@code null}
+     * @param props applet-specific properties; may be {@code null}
      * @return the newly-created ORB instance
      *
      * @implNote
@@ -430,11 +430,11 @@
      * Allows the ORB implementation to be initialized with the given
      * parameters and properties. This method, used in applications only,
      * is implemented by subclass ORB implementations and called
-     * by the appropriate <code>init</code> method to pass in its parameters.
+     * by the appropriate {@code init} method to pass in its parameters.
      *
-     * @param args command-line arguments for the application's <code>main</code>
-     *             method; may be <code>null</code>
-     * @param props application-specific properties; may be <code>null</code>
+     * @param args command-line arguments for the application's {@code main}
+     *             method; may be {@code null}
+     * @param props application-specific properties; may be {@code null}
      */
     abstract protected void set_parameters(String[] args, Properties props);
 
@@ -442,10 +442,10 @@
      * Allows the ORB implementation to be initialized with the given
      * applet and parameters. This method, used in applets only,
      * is implemented by subclass ORB implementations and called
-     * by the appropriate <code>init</code> method to pass in its parameters.
+     * by the appropriate {@code init} method to pass in its parameters.
      *
-     * @param app the applet; may be <code>null</code>
-     * @param props applet-specific properties; may be <code>null</code>
+     * @param app the applet; may be {@code null}
+     * @param props applet-specific properties; may be {@code null}
      */
     abstract protected void set_parameters(Applet app, Properties props);
 
@@ -453,17 +453,17 @@
      * Connects the given servant object (a Java object that is
      * an instance of the server implementation class)
      * to the ORB. The servant class must
-     * extend the <code>ImplBase</code> class corresponding to the interface that is
+     * extend the {@code ImplBase} class corresponding to the interface that is
      * supported by the server. The servant must thus be a CORBA object
-     * reference, and inherit from <code>org.omg.CORBA.Object</code>.
+     * reference, and inherit from {@code org.omg.CORBA.Object}.
      * Servants created by the user can start receiving remote invocations
-     * after the method <code>connect</code> has been called. A servant may also be
+     * after the method {@code connect} has been called. A servant may also be
      * automatically and implicitly connected to the ORB if it is passed as
      * an IDL parameter in an IDL method invocation on a non-local object,
      * that is, if the servant object has to be marshalled and sent outside of the
      * process address space.
      * <P>
-     * Calling the method <code>connect</code> has no effect
+     * Calling the method {@code connect} has no effect
      * when the servant object is already connected to the ORB.
      * <P>
      * Deprecated by the OMG in favor of the Portable Object Adapter APIs.
@@ -477,17 +477,17 @@
     /**
      * Destroys the ORB so that its resources can be reclaimed.
      * Any operation invoked on a destroyed ORB reference will throw the
-     * <code>OBJECT_NOT_EXIST</code> exception.
-     * Once an ORB has been destroyed, another call to <code>init</code>
+     * {@code OBJECT_NOT_EXIST} exception.
+     * Once an ORB has been destroyed, another call to {@code init}
      * with the same ORBid will return a reference to a newly constructed ORB.<p>
-     * If <code>destroy</code> is called on an ORB that has not been shut down,
+     * If {@code destroy} is called on an ORB that has not been shut down,
      * it will start the shut down process and block until the ORB has shut down
      * before it destroys the ORB.<br>
-     * If an application calls <code>destroy</code> in a thread that is currently servicing
-     * an invocation, the <code>BAD_INV_ORDER</code> system exception will be thrown
+     * If an application calls {@code destroy} in a thread that is currently servicing
+     * an invocation, the {@code BAD_INV_ORDER} system exception will be thrown
      * with the OMG minor code 3, since blocking would result in a deadlock.<p>
      * For maximum portability and to avoid resource leaks, an application should
-     * always call <code>shutdown</code> and <code>destroy</code>
+     * always call {@code shutdown} and {@code destroy}
      * on all ORB instances before exiting.
      *
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.BAD_INV_ORDER if the current thread is servicing an invocation
@@ -500,14 +500,14 @@
      * Disconnects the given servant object from the ORB. After this method returns,
      * the ORB will reject incoming remote requests for the disconnected
      * servant and will send the exception
-     * <code>org.omg.CORBA.OBJECT_NOT_EXIST</code> back to the
+     * {@code org.omg.CORBA.OBJECT_NOT_EXIST} back to the
      * remote client. Thus the object appears to be destroyed from the
      * point of view of remote clients. Note, however, that local requests issued
      * using the servant  directly do not
      * pass through the ORB; hence, they will continue to be processed by the
      * servant.
      * <P>
-     * Calling the method <code>disconnect</code> has no effect
+     * Calling the method {@code disconnect} has no effect
      * if the servant is not connected to the ORB.
      * <P>
      * Deprecated by the OMG in favor of the Portable Object Adapter APIs.
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@
      * Returns a list of the initially available CORBA object references,
      * such as "NameService" and "InterfaceRepository".
      *
-     * @return an array of <code>String</code> objects that represent
+     * @return an array of {@code String} objects that represent
      *         the object references for CORBA services
      *         that are initially available with this ORB
      */
@@ -559,8 +559,8 @@
      * strings generated by a different ORB to be converted back into an object
      * reference.
      * <P>
-     * The resulting <code>String</code> object may be stored or communicated
-     * in any way that a <code>String</code> object can be manipulated.
+     * The resulting {@code String} object may be stored or communicated
+     * in any way that a {@code String} object can be manipulated.
      *
      * @param obj the object reference to stringify
      * @return the string representing the object reference
@@ -568,43 +568,43 @@
     abstract public String object_to_string(org.omg.CORBA.Object obj);
 
     /**
-     * Converts a string produced by the method <code>object_to_string</code>
+     * Converts a string produced by the method {@code object_to_string}
      * back to a CORBA object reference.
      *
      * @param str the string to be converted back to an object reference.  It must
      * be the result of converting an object reference to a string using the
-     * method <code>object_to_string</code>.
+     * method {@code object_to_string}.
      * @return the object reference
      */
     abstract public org.omg.CORBA.Object string_to_object(String str);
 
     /**
-     * Allocates an <code>NVList</code> with (probably) enough
-     * space for the specified number of <code>NamedValue</code> objects.
+     * Allocates an {@code NVList} with (probably) enough
+     * space for the specified number of {@code NamedValue} objects.
      * Note that the specified size is only a hint to help with
      * storage allocation and does not imply the maximum size of the list.
      *
-     * @param count  suggested number of <code>NamedValue</code> objects for
+     * @param count  suggested number of {@code NamedValue} objects for
      *               which to allocate space
-     * @return the newly-created <code>NVList</code>
+     * @return the newly-created {@code NVList}
      *
      * @see NVList
      */
     abstract public NVList create_list(int count);
 
     /**
-     * Creates an <code>NVList</code> initialized with argument
+     * Creates an {@code NVList} initialized with argument
      * descriptions for the operation described in the given
-     * <code>OperationDef</code> object.  This <code>OperationDef</code> object
+     * {@code OperationDef} object.  This {@code OperationDef} object
      * is obtained from an Interface Repository. The arguments in the
-     * returned <code>NVList</code> object are in the same order as in the
+     * returned {@code NVList} object are in the same order as in the
      * original IDL operation definition, which makes it possible for the list
      * to be used in dynamic invocation requests.
      *
-     * @param oper      the <code>OperationDef</code> object to use to create the list
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>NVList</code> object containing
+     * @param oper      the {@code OperationDef} object to use to create the list
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code NVList} object containing
      * descriptions of the arguments to the method described in the given
-     * <code>OperationDef</code> object
+     * {@code OperationDef} object
      *
      * @see NVList
      */
@@ -657,63 +657,63 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>NamedValue</code> object
+     * Creates a {@code NamedValue} object
      * using the given name, value, and argument mode flags.
      * <P>
-     * A <code>NamedValue</code> object serves as (1) a parameter or return
+     * A {@code NamedValue} object serves as (1) a parameter or return
      * value or (2) a context property.
      * It may be used by itself or
-     * as an element in an <code>NVList</code> object.
+     * as an element in an {@code NVList} object.
      *
-     * @param s  the name of the <code>NamedValue</code> object
-     * @param any  the <code>Any</code> value to be inserted into the
-     *             <code>NamedValue</code> object
-     * @param flags  the argument mode flags for the <code>NamedValue</code>: one of
-     * <code>ARG_IN.value</code>, <code>ARG_OUT.value</code>,
-     * or <code>ARG_INOUT.value</code>.
+     * @param s  the name of the {@code NamedValue} object
+     * @param any  the {@code Any} value to be inserted into the
+     *             {@code NamedValue} object
+     * @param flags  the argument mode flags for the {@code NamedValue}: one of
+     * {@code ARG_IN.value}, {@code ARG_OUT.value},
+     * or {@code ARG_INOUT.value}.
      *
-     * @return  the newly-created <code>NamedValue</code> object
+     * @return  the newly-created {@code NamedValue} object
      * @see NamedValue
      */
     abstract public NamedValue create_named_value(String s, Any any, int flags);
 
     /**
-     * Creates an empty <code>ExceptionList</code> object.
+     * Creates an empty {@code ExceptionList} object.
      *
-     * @return  the newly-created <code>ExceptionList</code> object
+     * @return  the newly-created {@code ExceptionList} object
      */
     abstract public ExceptionList create_exception_list();
 
     /**
-     * Creates an empty <code>ContextList</code> object.
+     * Creates an empty {@code ContextList} object.
      *
-     * @return  the newly-created <code>ContextList</code> object
+     * @return  the newly-created {@code ContextList} object
      * @see ContextList
      * @see Context
      */
     abstract public ContextList create_context_list();
 
     /**
-     * Gets the default <code>Context</code> object.
+     * Gets the default {@code Context} object.
      *
-     * @return the default <code>Context</code> object
+     * @return the default {@code Context} object
      * @see Context
      */
     abstract public Context get_default_context();
 
     /**
-     * Creates an <code>Environment</code> object.
+     * Creates an {@code Environment} object.
      *
-     * @return  the newly-created <code>Environment</code> object
+     * @return  the newly-created {@code Environment} object
      * @see Environment
      */
     abstract public Environment create_environment();
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream</code> into which
+     * Creates a new {@code org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream} into which
      * IDL method parameters can be marshalled during method invocation.
-     * @return          the newly-created
-     *              <code>org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream</code> object
+     * @return  the newly-created
+     *          {@code org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream} object
      */
     abstract public org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream create_output_stream();
 
@@ -722,31 +722,31 @@
      * any responses. Note that oneway invocations are not guaranteed to
      * reach the server.
      *
-     * @param req               an array of request objects
+     * @param req  an array of request objects
      */
     abstract public void send_multiple_requests_oneway(Request[] req);
 
     /**
      * Sends multiple dynamic (DII) requests asynchronously.
      *
-     * @param req               an array of <code>Request</code> objects
+     * @param req  an array of {@code Request} objects
      */
     abstract public void send_multiple_requests_deferred(Request[] req);
 
     /**
      * Finds out if any of the deferred (asynchronous) invocations have
      * a response yet.
-     * @return <code>true</code> if there is a response available;
-     *         <code> false</code> otherwise
+     * @return {@code true} if there is a response available;
+     *         {@code false} otherwise
      */
     abstract public boolean poll_next_response();
 
     /**
-     * Gets the next <code>Request</code> instance for which a response
+     * Gets the next {@code Request} instance for which a response
      * has been received.
      *
-     * @return          the next <code>Request</code> object ready with a response
-     * @exception WrongTransaction if the method <code>get_next_response</code>
+     * @return the next {@code Request} object ready with a response
+     * @exception WrongTransaction if the method {@code get_next_response}
      * is called from a transaction scope different
      * from the one from which the original request was sent. See the
      * OMG Transaction Service specification for details.
@@ -754,150 +754,150 @@
     abstract public Request get_next_response() throws WrongTransaction;
 
     /**
-     * Retrieves the <code>TypeCode</code> object that represents
+     * Retrieves the {@code TypeCode} object that represents
      * the given primitive IDL type.
      *
-     * @param tcKind    the <code>TCKind</code> instance corresponding to the
+     * @param tcKind    the {@code TCKind} instance corresponding to the
      *                  desired primitive type
-     * @return          the requested <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @return          the requested {@code TypeCode} object
      */
     abstract public TypeCode get_primitive_tc(TCKind tcKind);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>struct</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code struct}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id,
      * name, and members.
      *
-     * @param id        the repository id for the <code>struct</code>
-     * @param name      the name of the <code>struct</code>
-     * @param members   an array describing the members of the <code>struct</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>struct</code>
+     * @param id        the repository id for the {@code struct}
+     * @param name      the name of the {@code struct}
+     * @param members   an array describing the members of the {@code struct}
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  an IDL {@code struct}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_struct_tc(String id, String name,
                                               StructMember[] members);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>union</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code union}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id,
      * name, discriminator type, and members.
      *
-     * @param id        the repository id of the <code>union</code>
-     * @param name      the name of the <code>union</code>
-     * @param discriminator_type        the type of the <code>union</code> discriminator
-     * @param members   an array describing the members of the <code>union</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>union</code>
+     * @param id        the repository id of the {@code union}
+     * @param name      the name of the {@code union}
+     * @param discriminator_type        the type of the {@code union} discriminator
+     * @param members   an array describing the members of the {@code union}
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  an IDL {@code union}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_union_tc(String id, String name,
                                              TypeCode discriminator_type,
                                              UnionMember[] members);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>enum</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code enum}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id,
      * name, and members.
      *
-     * @param id        the repository id for the <code>enum</code>
-     * @param name      the name for the <code>enum</code>
-     * @param members   an array describing the members of the <code>enum</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>enum</code>
+     * @param id        the repository id for the {@code enum}
+     * @param name      the name for the {@code enum}
+     * @param members   an array describing the members of the {@code enum}
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  an IDL {@code enum}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_enum_tc(String id, String name, String[] members);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>alias</code>
-     * (<code>typedef</code>).
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code alias}
+     * ({@code typedef}).
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id,
      * name, and original type.
      *
      * @param id        the repository id for the alias
      * @param name      the name for the alias
      * @param original_type
-     *                  the <code>TypeCode</code> object describing the original type
-     *          for which this is an alias
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>alias</code>
+     *                  the {@code TypeCode} object describing the original type
+     *                  for which this is an alias
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  an IDL {@code alias}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_alias_tc(String id, String name,
                                              TypeCode original_type);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>exception</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code exception}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id,
      * name, and members.
      *
-     * @param id        the repository id for the <code>exception</code>
-     * @param name      the name for the <code>exception</code>
-     * @param members   an array describing the members of the <code>exception</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>exception</code>
+     * @param id        the repository id for the {@code exception}
+     * @param name      the name for the {@code exception}
+     * @param members   an array describing the members of the {@code exception}
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  an IDL {@code exception}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_exception_tc(String id, String name,
                                                  StructMember[] members);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>interface</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given id
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code interface}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given id
      * and name.
      *
-     * @param id        the repository id for the interface
-     * @param name      the name for the interface
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>interface</code>
+     * @param id    the repository id for the interface
+     * @param name  the name for the interface
+     * @return      a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *              an IDL {@code interface}
      */
 
     abstract public TypeCode create_interface_tc(String id, String name);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing a bounded IDL
-     * <code>string</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given bound,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing a bounded IDL
+     * {@code string}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given bound,
      * which represents the maximum length of the string. Zero indicates
      * that the string described by this type code is unbounded.
      *
-     * @param bound     the bound for the <code>string</code>; cannot be negative
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              a bounded IDL <code>string</code>
+     * @param bound the bound for the {@code string}; cannot be negative
+     * @return      a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *              a bounded IDL {@code string}
      * @exception BAD_PARAM if bound is a negative value
      */
 
     abstract public TypeCode create_string_tc(int bound);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing a bounded IDL
-     * <code>wstring</code> (wide string).
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given bound,
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing a bounded IDL
+     * {@code wstring} (wide string).
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given bound,
      * which represents the maximum length of the wide string. Zero indicates
      * that the string described by this type code is unbounded.
      *
-     * @param bound     the bound for the <code>wstring</code>; cannot be negative
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              a bounded IDL <code>wstring</code>
+     * @param bound the bound for the {@code wstring}; cannot be negative
+     * @return      a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *              a bounded IDL {@code wstring}
      * @exception BAD_PARAM if bound is a negative value
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_wstring_tc(int bound);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>sequence</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given bound and
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code sequence}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given bound and
      * element type.
      *
-     * @param bound     the bound for the <code>sequence</code>, 0 if unbounded
-     * @param element_type
-     *                  the <code>TypeCode</code> object describing the elements
-     *          contained in the <code>sequence</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>sequence</code>
+     * @param bound     the bound for the {@code sequence}, 0 if unbounded
+     * @param element_type the {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *        the elements contained in the {@code sequence}
+     *
+     * @return  a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *          an IDL {@code sequence}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_sequence_tc(int bound, TypeCode element_type);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing a
-     * a recursive IDL <code>sequence</code>.
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing a
+     * a recursive IDL {@code sequence}.
      * <P>
-     * For the IDL <code>struct</code> Node in following code fragment,
+     * For the IDL {@code struct} Node in following code fragment,
      * the offset parameter for creating its sequence would be 1:
      * <PRE>
      *    Struct Node {
@@ -907,10 +907,10 @@
      * </PRE>
      *
      * @param bound     the bound for the sequence, 0 if unbounded
-     * @param offset    the index to the enclosing <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param offset    the index to the enclosing {@code TypeCode} object
      *                  that describes the elements of this sequence
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *                   a recursive sequence
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *                  a recursive sequence
      * @deprecated Use a combination of create_recursive_tc and create_sequence_tc instead
      * @see #create_recursive_tc(String) create_recursive_tc
      * @see #create_sequence_tc(int, TypeCode) create_sequence_tc
@@ -919,20 +919,20 @@
     abstract public TypeCode create_recursive_sequence_tc(int bound, int offset);
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object representing an IDL <code>array</code>.
-     * The <code>TypeCode</code> object is initialized with the given length and
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object representing an IDL {@code array}.
+     * The {@code TypeCode} object is initialized with the given length and
      * element type.
      *
-     * @param length    the length of the <code>array</code>
-     * @param element_type  a <code>TypeCode</code> object describing the type
-     *                      of element contained in the <code>array</code>
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>TypeCode</code> object describing
-     *              an IDL <code>array</code>
+     * @param length    the length of the {@code array}
+     * @param element_type  a {@code TypeCode} object describing the type
+     *                      of element contained in the {@code array}
+     * @return  a newly-created {@code TypeCode} object describing
+     *          an IDL {@code array}
      */
     abstract public TypeCode create_array_tc(int length, TypeCode element_type);
 
     /**
-     * Create a <code>TypeCode</code> object for an IDL native type.
+     * Create a {@code TypeCode} object for an IDL native type.
      *
      * @param id        the logical id for the native type.
      * @param name      the name of the native type.
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Create a <code>TypeCode</code> object for an IDL abstract interface.
+     * Create a {@code TypeCode} object for an IDL abstract interface.
      *
      * @param id        the logical id for the abstract interface type.
      * @param name      the name of the abstract interface type.
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Create a <code>TypeCode</code> object for an IDL fixed type.
+     * Create a {@code TypeCode} object for an IDL fixed type.
      *
      * @param digits    specifies the total number of decimal digits in the number
      *                  and must be from 1 to 31 inclusive.
@@ -977,7 +977,7 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Create a <code>TypeCode</code> object for an IDL value type.
+     * Create a {@code TypeCode} object for an IDL value type.
      * The concrete_base parameter is the TypeCode for the immediate
      * concrete valuetype base of the valuetype for which the TypeCode
      * is being created.
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@
      * @param name               the name of the value type.
      * @param type_modifier      one of the value type modifier constants:
      *                           VM_NONE, VM_CUSTOM, VM_ABSTRACT or VM_TRUNCATABLE
-     * @param concrete_base      a <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param concrete_base      a {@code TypeCode} object
      *                           describing the concrete valuetype base
      * @param members            an array containing the members of the value type
      * @return                   the requested TypeCode
@@ -1002,14 +1002,14 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Create a recursive <code>TypeCode</code> object which
+     * Create a recursive {@code TypeCode} object which
      * serves as a placeholder for a concrete TypeCode during the process of creating
      * TypeCodes which contain recursion. The id parameter specifies the repository id of
      * the type for which the recursive TypeCode is serving as a placeholder. Once the
      * recursive TypeCode has been properly embedded in the enclosing TypeCode which
      * corresponds to the specified repository id, it will function as a normal TypeCode.
      * Invoking operations on the recursive TypeCode before it has been embedded in the
-     * enclosing TypeCode will result in a <code>BAD_TYPECODE</code> exception.
+     * enclosing TypeCode will result in a {@code BAD_TYPECODE} exception.
      * <P>
      * For example, the following IDL type declaration contains recursion:
      * <PRE>
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a <code>TypeCode</code> object for an IDL value box.
+     * Creates a {@code TypeCode} object for an IDL value box.
      *
      * @param id                 the logical id for the value type
      * @param name               the name of the value type
@@ -1064,11 +1064,11 @@
     // orbos 98-01-18: Objects By Value -- end
 
     /**
-     * Creates an IDL <code>Any</code> object initialized to
-     * contain a <code>Typecode</code> object whose <code>kind</code> field
-     * is set to <code>TCKind.tc_null</code>.
+     * Creates an IDL {@code Any} object initialized to
+     * contain a {@code Typecode} object whose {@code kind} field
+     * is set to {@code TCKind.tc_null}.
      *
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>Any</code> object
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code Any} object
      */
     abstract public Any create_any();
 
@@ -1076,15 +1076,15 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Retrieves a <code>Current</code> object.
-     * The <code>Current</code> interface is used to manage thread-specific
+     * Retrieves a {@code Current} object.
+     * The {@code Current} interface is used to manage thread-specific
      * information for use by services such as transactions and security.
      *
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      *
-     * @return          a newly-created <code>Current</code> object
-     * @deprecated      use <code>resolve_initial_references</code>.
+     * @return          a newly-created {@code Current} object
+     * @deprecated      use {@code resolve_initial_references}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public org.omg.CORBA.Current get_current()
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@
     /**
      * This operation blocks the current thread until the ORB has
      * completed the shutdown process, initiated when some thread calls
-     * <code>shutdown</code>. It may be used by multiple threads which
+     * {@code shutdown}. It may be used by multiple threads which
      * get all notified when the ORB shuts down.
      *
      */
@@ -1107,29 +1107,29 @@
     /**
      * Instructs the ORB to shut down, which causes all
      * object adapters to shut down, in preparation for destruction.<br>
-     * If the <code>wait_for_completion</code> parameter
+     * If the {@code wait_for_completion} parameter
      * is true, this operation blocks until all ORB processing (including
      * processing of currently executing requests, object deactivation,
      * and other object adapter operations) has completed.
      * If an application does this in a thread that is currently servicing
-     * an invocation, the <code>BAD_INV_ORDER</code> system exception
+     * an invocation, the {@code BAD_INV_ORDER} system exception
      * will be thrown with the OMG minor code 3,
      * since blocking would result in a deadlock.<br>
-     * If the <code>wait_for_completion</code> parameter is <code>FALSE</code>,
+     * If the {@code wait_for_completion} parameter is {@code FALSE},
      * then shutdown may not have completed upon return.<p>
      * While the ORB is in the process of shutting down, the ORB operates as normal,
      * servicing incoming and outgoing requests until all requests have been completed.
      * Once an ORB has shutdown, only object reference management operations
      * may be invoked on the ORB or any object reference obtained from it.
-     * An application may also invoke the <code>destroy</code> operation on the ORB itself.
-     * Invoking any other operation will throw the <code>BAD_INV_ORDER</code>
+     * An application may also invoke the {@code destroy} operation on the ORB itself.
+     * Invoking any other operation will throw the {@code BAD_INV_ORDER}
      * system exception with the OMG minor code 4.<p>
-     * The <code>ORB.run</code> method will return after
-     * <code>shutdown</code> has been called.
+     * The {@code ORB.run} method will return after
+     * {@code shutdown} has been called.
      *
-     * @param wait_for_completion <code>true</code> if the call
+     * @param wait_for_completion {@code true} if the call
      *        should block until the shutdown is complete;
-     *        <code>false</code> if it should return immediately
+     *        {@code false} if it should return immediately
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.BAD_INV_ORDER if the current thread is servicing
      *         an invocation
      */
@@ -1139,12 +1139,12 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns <code>true</code> if the ORB needs the main thread to
-     * perform some work, and <code>false</code> if the ORB does not
+     * Returns {@code true} if the ORB needs the main thread to
+     * perform some work, and {@code false} if the ORB does not
      * need the main thread.
      *
-     * @return <code>true</code> if there is work pending, meaning that the ORB
-     *         needs the main thread to perform some work; <code>false</code>
+     * @return {@code true} if there is work pending, meaning that the ORB
+     *         needs the main thread to perform some work; {@code false}
      *         if there is no work pending and thus the ORB does not need the
      *         main thread
      *
@@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@
     /**
      * Performs an implementation-dependent unit of work if called
      * by the main thread. Otherwise it does nothing.
-     * The methods <code>work_pending</code> and <code>perform_work</code>
+     * The methods {@code work_pending} and {@code perform_work}
      * can be used in
      * conjunction to implement a simple polling loop that multiplexes
      * the main thread among the ORB and other activities.
@@ -1172,23 +1172,23 @@
      * Used to obtain information about CORBA facilities and services
      * that are supported by this ORB. The service type for which
      * information is being requested is passed in as the in
-     * parameter <tt>service_type</tt>, the values defined by
+     * parameter {@code service_type}, the values defined by
      * constants in the CORBA module. If service information is
      * available for that type, that is returned in the out parameter
-     * <tt>service_info</tt>, and the operation returns the
-     * value <tt>true</tt>. If no information for the requested
-     * services type is available, the operation returns <tt>false</tt>
+     * {@code service_info}, and the operation returns the
+     * value {@code true}. If no information for the requested
+     * services type is available, the operation returns {@code false}
      *  (i.e., the service is not supported by this ORB).
      *
-     * @param service_type a <code>short</code> indicating the
+     * @param service_type a {@code short} indicating the
      *        service type for which information is being requested
-     * @param service_info a <code>ServiceInformationHolder</code> object
-     *        that will hold the <code>ServiceInformation</code> object
+     * @param service_info a {@code ServiceInformationHolder} object
+     *        that will hold the {@code ServiceInformation} object
      *        produced by this method
-     * @return <code>true</code> if service information is available
-     *        for the <tt>service_type</tt>;
-     *         <tt>false</tt> if no information for the
-     *         requested services type is available
+     * @return {@code true} if service information is available
+     *        for the {@code service_type};
+     *        {@code false} if no information for the
+     *        requested services type is available
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      */
@@ -1201,13 +1201,13 @@
     // orbos 98-01-18: Objects By Value -- begin
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynAny</code> object from the given
-     * <code>Any</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynAny} object from the given
+     * {@code Any} object.
      *
-     * @param value the <code>Any</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynAny</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynAny</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>Any</code> object
+     * @param value the {@code Any} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynAny} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynAny} object created from the given
+     *         {@code Any} object
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1219,15 +1219,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a basic <code>DynAny</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a basic {@code DynAny} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynAny</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynAny</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynAny} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynAny} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1239,15 +1239,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynStruct</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynStruct} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynStruct</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynStruct</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynStruct} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynStruct} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1259,15 +1259,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynSequence</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynSequence} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynSequence</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynSequence</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynSequence} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynSequence} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1280,15 +1280,15 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynArray</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynArray} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynArray</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynArray</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynArray} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynArray} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1300,15 +1300,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynUnion</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynUnion} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynUnion</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynUnion</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynUnion} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynUnion} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1320,15 +1320,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new <code>DynEnum</code> object from the given
-     * <code>TypeCode</code> object.
+     * Creates a new {@code DynEnum} object from the given
+     * {@code TypeCode} object.
      *
-     * @param type the <code>TypeCode</code> object from which to create a new
-     *        <code>DynEnum</code> object
-     * @return the new <code>DynEnum</code> object created from the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object
+     * @param type the {@code TypeCode} object from which to create a new
+     *        {@code DynEnum} object
+     * @return the new {@code DynEnum} object created from the given
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object
      * @throws org.omg.CORBA.ORBPackage.InconsistentTypeCode if the given
-     *         <code>TypeCode</code> object is not consistent with the operation.
+     *         {@code TypeCode} object is not consistent with the operation.
      * @see <a href="package-summary.html#unimpl"><code>CORBA</code> package
      *      comments for unimplemented features</a>
      * @deprecated Use the new <a href="../DynamicAny/DynAnyFactory.html">DynAnyFactory</a> API instead
@@ -1342,19 +1342,19 @@
     /**
     * Can be invoked to create new instances of policy objects
     * of a specific type with specified initial state. If
-    * <tt>create_policy</tt> fails to instantiate a new Policy
+    * {@code create_policy} fails to instantiate a new Policy
     * object due to its inability to interpret the requested type
-    * and content of the policy, it raises the <tt>PolicyError</tt>
+    * and content of the policy, it raises the {@code PolicyError}
     * exception with the appropriate reason.
-    * @param type the <tt>PolicyType</tt> of the policy object to
+    * @param type the {@code PolicyType} of the policy object to
     *        be created
     * @param val the value that will be used to set the initial
-    *        state of the <tt>Policy</tt> object that is created
-    * @return Reference to a newly created <tt>Policy</tt> object
-    *        of type specified by the <tt>type</tt> parameter and
-    *        initialized to a state specified by the <tt>val</tt>
+    *        state of the {@code Policy} object that is created
+    * @return Reference to a newly created {@code Policy} object
+    *        of type specified by the {@code type} parameter and
+    *        initialized to a state specified by the {@code val}
     *        parameter
-    * @throws <tt>org.omg.CORBA.PolicyError</tt> when the requested
+    * @throws org.omg.CORBA.PolicyError when the requested
     *        policy is not supported or a requested initial state
     *        for the policy is not supported.
     */