jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java
changeset 2 90ce3da70b43
child 61 5691b03db1ea
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
+ * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
+ * file:
+ *
+ * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
+ * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
+ * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain
+ */
+
+package java.util.concurrent;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
+import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
+
+/**
+ * An {@link Executor} that provides methods to manage termination and
+ * methods that can produce a {@link Future} for tracking progress of
+ * one or more asynchronous tasks.
+ *
+ * <p> An <tt>ExecutorService</tt> can be shut down, which will cause
+ * it to reject new tasks.  Two different methods are provided for
+ * shutting down an <tt>ExecutorService</tt>. The {@link #shutdown}
+ * method will allow previously submitted tasks to execute before
+ * terminating, while the {@link #shutdownNow} method prevents waiting
+ * tasks from starting and attempts to stop currently executing tasks.
+ * Upon termination, an executor has no tasks actively executing, no
+ * tasks awaiting execution, and no new tasks can be submitted.  An
+ * unused <tt>ExecutorService</tt> should be shut down to allow
+ * reclamation of its resources.
+ *
+ * <p> Method <tt>submit</tt> extends base method {@link
+ * Executor#execute} by creating and returning a {@link Future} that
+ * can be used to cancel execution and/or wait for completion.
+ * Methods <tt>invokeAny</tt> and <tt>invokeAll</tt> perform the most
+ * commonly useful forms of bulk execution, executing a collection of
+ * tasks and then waiting for at least one, or all, to
+ * complete. (Class {@link ExecutorCompletionService} can be used to
+ * write customized variants of these methods.)
+ *
+ * <p>The {@link Executors} class provides factory methods for the
+ * executor services provided in this package.
+ *
+ * <h3>Usage Examples</h3>
+ *
+ * Here is a sketch of a network service in which threads in a thread
+ * pool service incoming requests. It uses the preconfigured {@link
+ * Executors#newFixedThreadPool} factory method:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * class NetworkService implements Runnable {
+ *   private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
+ *   private final ExecutorService pool;
+ *
+ *   public NetworkService(int port, int poolSize)
+ *       throws IOException {
+ *     serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
+ *     pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(poolSize);
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void run() { // run the service
+ *     try {
+ *       for (;;) {
+ *         pool.execute(new Handler(serverSocket.accept()));
+ *       }
+ *     } catch (IOException ex) {
+ *       pool.shutdown();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class Handler implements Runnable {
+ *   private final Socket socket;
+ *   Handler(Socket socket) { this.socket = socket; }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *     // read and service request on socket
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * The following method shuts down an <tt>ExecutorService</tt> in two phases,
+ * first by calling <tt>shutdown</tt> to reject incoming tasks, and then
+ * calling <tt>shutdownNow</tt>, if necessary, to cancel any lingering tasks:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * void shutdownAndAwaitTermination(ExecutorService pool) {
+ *   pool.shutdown(); // Disable new tasks from being submitted
+ *   try {
+ *     // Wait a while for existing tasks to terminate
+ *     if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+ *       pool.shutdownNow(); // Cancel currently executing tasks
+ *       // Wait a while for tasks to respond to being cancelled
+ *       if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS))
+ *           System.err.println("Pool did not terminate");
+ *     }
+ *   } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+ *     // (Re-)Cancel if current thread also interrupted
+ *     pool.shutdownNow();
+ *     // Preserve interrupt status
+ *     Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <p>Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to the
+ * submission of a {@code Runnable} or {@code Callable} task to an
+ * {@code ExecutorService}
+ * <a href="package-summary.html#MemoryVisibility"><i>happen-before</i></a>
+ * any actions taken by that task, which in turn <i>happen-before</i> the
+ * result is retrieved via {@code Future.get()}.
+ *
+ * @since 1.5
+ * @author Doug Lea
+ */
+public interface ExecutorService extends Executor {
+
+    /**
+     * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted
+     * tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be accepted.
+     * Invocation has no additional effect if already shut down.
+     *
+     * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and
+     *         shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate
+     *         threads that the caller is not permitted to modify
+     *         because it does not hold {@link
+     *         java.lang.RuntimePermission}<tt>("modifyThread")</tt>,
+     *         or the security manager's <tt>checkAccess</tt> method
+     *         denies access.
+     */
+    void shutdown();
+
+    /**
+     * Attempts to stop all actively executing tasks, halts the
+     * processing of waiting tasks, and returns a list of the tasks that were
+     * awaiting execution.
+     *
+     * <p>There are no guarantees beyond best-effort attempts to stop
+     * processing actively executing tasks.  For example, typical
+     * implementations will cancel via {@link Thread#interrupt}, so any
+     * task that fails to respond to interrupts may never terminate.
+     *
+     * @return list of tasks that never commenced execution
+     * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and
+     *         shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate
+     *         threads that the caller is not permitted to modify
+     *         because it does not hold {@link
+     *         java.lang.RuntimePermission}<tt>("modifyThread")</tt>,
+     *         or the security manager's <tt>checkAccess</tt> method
+     *         denies access.
+     */
+    List<Runnable> shutdownNow();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this executor has been shut down.
+     *
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this executor has been shut down
+     */
+    boolean isShutdown();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if all tasks have completed following shut down.
+     * Note that <tt>isTerminated</tt> is never <tt>true</tt> unless
+     * either <tt>shutdown</tt> or <tt>shutdownNow</tt> was called first.
+     *
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if all tasks have completed following shut down
+     */
+    boolean isTerminated();
+
+    /**
+     * Blocks until all tasks have completed execution after a shutdown
+     * request, or the timeout occurs, or the current thread is
+     * interrupted, whichever happens first.
+     *
+     * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
+     * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this executor terminated and
+     *         <tt>false</tt> if the timeout elapsed before termination
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting
+     */
+    boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+        throws InterruptedException;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Submits a value-returning task for execution and returns a
+     * Future representing the pending results of the task. The
+     * Future's <tt>get</tt> method will return the task's result upon
+     * successful completion.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * If you would like to immediately block waiting
+     * for a task, you can use constructions of the form
+     * <tt>result = exec.submit(aCallable).get();</tt>
+     *
+     * <p> Note: The {@link Executors} class includes a set of methods
+     * that can convert some other common closure-like objects,
+     * for example, {@link java.security.PrivilegedAction} to
+     * {@link Callable} form so they can be submitted.
+     *
+     * @param task the task to submit
+     * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be
+     *         scheduled for execution
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null
+     */
+    <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task);
+
+    /**
+     * Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future
+     * representing that task. The Future's <tt>get</tt> method will
+     * return the given result upon successful completion.
+     *
+     * @param task the task to submit
+     * @param result the result to return
+     * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be
+     *         scheduled for execution
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null
+     */
+    <T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result);
+
+    /**
+     * Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future
+     * representing that task. The Future's <tt>get</tt> method will
+     * return <tt>null</tt> upon <em>successful</em> completion.
+     *
+     * @param task the task to submit
+     * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be
+     *         scheduled for execution
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null
+     */
+    Future<?> submit(Runnable task);
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the given tasks, returning a list of Futures holding
+     * their status and results when all complete.
+     * {@link Future#isDone} is <tt>true</tt> for each
+     * element of the returned list.
+     * Note that a <em>completed</em> task could have
+     * terminated either normally or by throwing an exception.
+     * The results of this method are undefined if the given
+     * collection is modified while this operation is in progress.
+     *
+     * @param tasks the collection of tasks
+     * @return A list of Futures representing the tasks, in the same
+     *         sequential order as produced by the iterator for the
+     *         given task list, each of which has completed.
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting, in
+     *         which case unfinished tasks are cancelled.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any of its elements are <tt>null</tt>
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if any task cannot be
+     *         scheduled for execution
+     */
+
+    <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
+        throws InterruptedException;
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the given tasks, returning a list of Futures holding
+     * their status and results
+     * when all complete or the timeout expires, whichever happens first.
+     * {@link Future#isDone} is <tt>true</tt> for each
+     * element of the returned list.
+     * Upon return, tasks that have not completed are cancelled.
+     * Note that a <em>completed</em> task could have
+     * terminated either normally or by throwing an exception.
+     * The results of this method are undefined if the given
+     * collection is modified while this operation is in progress.
+     *
+     * @param tasks the collection of tasks
+     * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
+     * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
+     * @return a list of Futures representing the tasks, in the same
+     *         sequential order as produced by the iterator for the
+     *         given task list. If the operation did not time out,
+     *         each task will have completed. If it did time out, some
+     *         of these tasks will not have completed.
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting, in
+     *         which case unfinished tasks are cancelled
+     * @throws NullPointerException if tasks, any of its elements, or
+     *         unit are <tt>null</tt>
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if any task cannot be scheduled
+     *         for execution
+     */
+    <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks,
+                                  long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+        throws InterruptedException;
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the given tasks, returning the result
+     * of one that has completed successfully (i.e., without throwing
+     * an exception), if any do. Upon normal or exceptional return,
+     * tasks that have not completed are cancelled.
+     * The results of this method are undefined if the given
+     * collection is modified while this operation is in progress.
+     *
+     * @param tasks the collection of tasks
+     * @return the result returned by one of the tasks
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting
+     * @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any of its elements
+     *         are <tt>null</tt>
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if tasks is empty
+     * @throws ExecutionException if no task successfully completes
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if tasks cannot be scheduled
+     *         for execution
+     */
+    <T> T invokeAny(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
+        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException;
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the given tasks, returning the result
+     * of one that has completed successfully (i.e., without throwing
+     * an exception), if any do before the given timeout elapses.
+     * Upon normal or exceptional return, tasks that have not
+     * completed are cancelled.
+     * The results of this method are undefined if the given
+     * collection is modified while this operation is in progress.
+     *
+     * @param tasks the collection of tasks
+     * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
+     * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
+     * @return the result returned by one of the tasks.
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting
+     * @throws NullPointerException if tasks, any of its elements, or
+     *         unit are <tt>null</tt>
+     * @throws TimeoutException if the given timeout elapses before
+     *         any task successfully completes
+     * @throws ExecutionException if no task successfully completes
+     * @throws RejectedExecutionException if tasks cannot be scheduled
+     *         for execution
+     */
+    <T> T invokeAny(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks,
+                    long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException;
+}