jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/Map.java
changeset 2 90ce3da70b43
child 5506 202f599c92aa
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/Map.java	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,469 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1997-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ */
+
+package java.util;
+
+/**
+ * An object that maps keys to values.  A map cannot contain duplicate keys;
+ * each key can map to at most one value.
+ *
+ * <p>This interface takes the place of the <tt>Dictionary</tt> class, which
+ * was a totally abstract class rather than an interface.
+ *
+ * <p>The <tt>Map</tt> interface provides three <i>collection views</i>, which
+ * allow a map's contents to be viewed as a set of keys, collection of values,
+ * or set of key-value mappings.  The <i>order</i> of a map is defined as
+ * the order in which the iterators on the map's collection views return their
+ * elements.  Some map implementations, like the <tt>TreeMap</tt> class, make
+ * specific guarantees as to their order; others, like the <tt>HashMap</tt>
+ * class, do not.
+ *
+ * <p>Note: great care must be exercised if mutable objects are used as map
+ * keys.  The behavior of a map is not specified if the value of an object is
+ * changed in a manner that affects <tt>equals</tt> comparisons while the
+ * object is a key in the map.  A special case of this prohibition is that it
+ * is not permissible for a map to contain itself as a key.  While it is
+ * permissible for a map to contain itself as a value, extreme caution is
+ * advised: the <tt>equals</tt> and <tt>hashCode</tt> methods are no longer
+ * well defined on such a map.
+ *
+ * <p>All general-purpose map implementation classes should provide two
+ * "standard" constructors: a void (no arguments) constructor which creates an
+ * empty map, and a constructor with a single argument of type <tt>Map</tt>,
+ * which creates a new map with the same key-value mappings as its argument.
+ * In effect, the latter constructor allows the user to copy any map,
+ * producing an equivalent map of the desired class.  There is no way to
+ * enforce this recommendation (as interfaces cannot contain constructors) but
+ * all of the general-purpose map implementations in the JDK comply.
+ *
+ * <p>The "destructive" methods contained in this interface, that is, the
+ * methods that modify the map on which they operate, are specified to throw
+ * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt> if this map does not support the
+ * operation.  If this is the case, these methods may, but are not required
+ * to, throw an <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt> if the invocation would
+ * have no effect on the map.  For example, invoking the {@link #putAll(Map)}
+ * method on an unmodifiable map may, but is not required to, throw the
+ * exception if the map whose mappings are to be "superimposed" is empty.
+ *
+ * <p>Some map implementations have restrictions on the keys and values they
+ * may contain.  For example, some implementations prohibit null keys and
+ * values, and some have restrictions on the types of their keys.  Attempting
+ * to insert an ineligible key or value throws an unchecked exception,
+ * typically <tt>NullPointerException</tt> or <tt>ClassCastException</tt>.
+ * Attempting to query the presence of an ineligible key or value may throw an
+ * exception, or it may simply return false; some implementations will exhibit
+ * the former behavior and some will exhibit the latter.  More generally,
+ * attempting an operation on an ineligible key or value whose completion
+ * would not result in the insertion of an ineligible element into the map may
+ * throw an exception or it may succeed, at the option of the implementation.
+ * Such exceptions are marked as "optional" in the specification for this
+ * interface.
+ *
+ * <p>This interface is a member of the
+ * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">
+ * Java Collections Framework</a>.
+ *
+ * <p>Many methods in Collections Framework interfaces are defined
+ * in terms of the {@link Object#equals(Object) equals} method.  For
+ * example, the specification for the {@link #containsKey(Object)
+ * containsKey(Object key)} method says: "returns <tt>true</tt> if and
+ * only if this map contains a mapping for a key <tt>k</tt> such that
+ * <tt>(key==null ? k==null : key.equals(k))</tt>." This specification should
+ * <i>not</i> be construed to imply that invoking <tt>Map.containsKey</tt>
+ * with a non-null argument <tt>key</tt> will cause <tt>key.equals(k)</tt> to
+ * be invoked for any key <tt>k</tt>.  Implementations are free to
+ * implement optimizations whereby the <tt>equals</tt> invocation is avoided,
+ * for example, by first comparing the hash codes of the two keys.  (The
+ * {@link Object#hashCode()} specification guarantees that two objects with
+ * unequal hash codes cannot be equal.)  More generally, implementations of
+ * the various Collections Framework interfaces are free to take advantage of
+ * the specified behavior of underlying {@link Object} methods wherever the
+ * implementor deems it appropriate.
+ *
+ * @param <K> the type of keys maintained by this map
+ * @param <V> the type of mapped values
+ *
+ * @author  Josh Bloch
+ * @see HashMap
+ * @see TreeMap
+ * @see Hashtable
+ * @see SortedMap
+ * @see Collection
+ * @see Set
+ * @since 1.2
+ */
+public interface Map<K,V> {
+    // Query Operations
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.  If the
+     * map contains more than <tt>Integer.MAX_VALUE</tt> elements, returns
+     * <tt>Integer.MAX_VALUE</tt>.
+     *
+     * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map
+     */
+    int size();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings.
+     *
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings
+     */
+    boolean isEmpty();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
+     * key.  More formally, returns <tt>true</tt> if and only if
+     * this map contains a mapping for a key <tt>k</tt> such that
+     * <tt>(key==null ? k==null : key.equals(k))</tt>.  (There can be
+     * at most one such mapping.)
+     *
+     * @param key key whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
+     *         key
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the key is of an inappropriate type for
+     *         this map (optional)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null and this map
+     *         does not permit null keys (optional)
+     */
+    boolean containsKey(Object key);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     * specified value.  More formally, returns <tt>true</tt> if and only if
+     * this map contains at least one mapping to a value <tt>v</tt> such that
+     * <tt>(value==null ? v==null : value.equals(v))</tt>.  This operation
+     * will probably require time linear in the map size for most
+     * implementations of the <tt>Map</tt> interface.
+     *
+     * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to the
+     *         specified value
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the value is of an inappropriate type for
+     *         this map (optional)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified value is null and this
+     *         map does not permit null values (optional)
+     */
+    boolean containsValue(Object value);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped,
+     * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key.
+     *
+     * <p>More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key
+     * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code (key==null ? k==null :
+     * key.equals(k))}, then this method returns {@code v}; otherwise
+     * it returns {@code null}.  (There can be at most one such mapping.)
+     *
+     * <p>If this map permits null values, then a return value of
+     * {@code null} does not <i>necessarily</i> indicate that the map
+     * contains no mapping for the key; it's also possible that the map
+     * explicitly maps the key to {@code null}.  The {@link #containsKey
+     * containsKey} operation may be used to distinguish these two cases.
+     *
+     * @param key the key whose associated value is to be returned
+     * @return the value to which the specified key is mapped, or
+     *         {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the key is of an inappropriate type for
+     *         this map (optional)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null and this map
+     *         does not permit null keys (optional)
+     */
+    V get(Object key);
+
+    // Modification Operations
+
+    /**
+     * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map
+     * (optional operation).  If the map previously contained a mapping for
+     * the key, the old value is replaced by the specified value.  (A map
+     * <tt>m</tt> is said to contain a mapping for a key <tt>k</tt> if and only
+     * if {@link #containsKey(Object) m.containsKey(k)} would return
+     * <tt>true</tt>.)
+     *
+     * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated
+     * @param value value to be associated with the specified key
+     * @return the previous value associated with <tt>key</tt>, or
+     *         <tt>null</tt> if there was no mapping for <tt>key</tt>.
+     *         (A <tt>null</tt> return can also indicate that the map
+     *         previously associated <tt>null</tt> with <tt>key</tt>,
+     *         if the implementation supports <tt>null</tt> values.)
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>put</tt> operation
+     *         is not supported by this map
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified key or value
+     *         prevents it from being stored in this map
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null
+     *         and this map does not permit null keys or values
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified key
+     *         or value prevents it from being stored in this map
+     */
+    V put(K key, V value);
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the mapping for a key from this map if it is present
+     * (optional operation).   More formally, if this map contains a mapping
+     * from key <tt>k</tt> to value <tt>v</tt> such that
+     * <code>(key==null ?  k==null : key.equals(k))</code>, that mapping
+     * is removed.  (The map can contain at most one such mapping.)
+     *
+     * <p>Returns the value to which this map previously associated the key,
+     * or <tt>null</tt> if the map contained no mapping for the key.
+     *
+     * <p>If this map permits null values, then a return value of
+     * <tt>null</tt> does not <i>necessarily</i> indicate that the map
+     * contained no mapping for the key; it's also possible that the map
+     * explicitly mapped the key to <tt>null</tt>.
+     *
+     * <p>The map will not contain a mapping for the specified key once the
+     * call returns.
+     *
+     * @param key key whose mapping is to be removed from the map
+     * @return the previous value associated with <tt>key</tt>, or
+     *         <tt>null</tt> if there was no mapping for <tt>key</tt>.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>remove</tt> operation
+     *         is not supported by this map
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the key is of an inappropriate type for
+     *         this map (optional)
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null and this
+     *         map does not permit null keys (optional)
+     */
+    V remove(Object key);
+
+
+    // Bulk Operations
+
+    /**
+     * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map
+     * (optional operation).  The effect of this call is equivalent to that
+     * of calling {@link #put(Object,Object) put(k, v)} on this map once
+     * for each mapping from key <tt>k</tt> to value <tt>v</tt> in the
+     * specified map.  The behavior of this operation is undefined if the
+     * specified map is modified while the operation is in progress.
+     *
+     * @param m mappings to be stored in this map
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>putAll</tt> operation
+     *         is not supported by this map
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of a key or value in the
+     *         specified map prevents it from being stored in this map
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map is null, or if
+     *         this map does not permit null keys or values, and the
+     *         specified map contains null keys or values
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of a key or value in
+     *         the specified map prevents it from being stored in this map
+     */
+    void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m);
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all of the mappings from this map (optional operation).
+     * The map will be empty after this call returns.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>clear</tt> operation
+     *         is not supported by this map
+     */
+    void clear();
+
+
+    // Views
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the keys contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation), the results of
+     * the iteration are undefined.  The set supports element removal,
+     * which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via the
+     * <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>, <tt>Set.remove</tt>,
+     * <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt>, and <tt>clear</tt>
+     * operations.  It does not support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt>
+     * operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the keys contained in this map
+     */
+    Set<K> keySet();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map.
+     * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa.  If the map is
+     * modified while an iteration over the collection is in progress
+     * (except through the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation),
+     * the results of the iteration are undefined.  The collection
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
+     * <tt>Collection.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>,
+     * <tt>retainAll</tt> and <tt>clear</tt> operations.  It does not
+     * support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
+     *
+     * @return a collection view of the values contained in this map
+     */
+    Collection<V> values();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
+     * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
+     * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
+     * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
+     * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation, or through the
+     * <tt>setValue</tt> operation on a map entry returned by the
+     * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.  The set
+     * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
+     * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
+     * <tt>Set.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt> and
+     * <tt>clear</tt> operations.  It does not support the
+     * <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
+     *
+     * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map
+     */
+    Set<Map.Entry<K, V>> entrySet();
+
+    /**
+     * A map entry (key-value pair).  The <tt>Map.entrySet</tt> method returns
+     * a collection-view of the map, whose elements are of this class.  The
+     * <i>only</i> way to obtain a reference to a map entry is from the
+     * iterator of this collection-view.  These <tt>Map.Entry</tt> objects are
+     * valid <i>only</i> for the duration of the iteration; more formally,
+     * the behavior of a map entry is undefined if the backing map has been
+     * modified after the entry was returned by the iterator, except through
+     * the <tt>setValue</tt> operation on the map entry.
+     *
+     * @see Map#entrySet()
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    interface Entry<K,V> {
+        /**
+         * Returns the key corresponding to this entry.
+         *
+         * @return the key corresponding to this entry
+         * @throws IllegalStateException implementations may, but are not
+         *         required to, throw this exception if the entry has been
+         *         removed from the backing map.
+         */
+        K getKey();
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the value corresponding to this entry.  If the mapping
+         * has been removed from the backing map (by the iterator's
+         * <tt>remove</tt> operation), the results of this call are undefined.
+         *
+         * @return the value corresponding to this entry
+         * @throws IllegalStateException implementations may, but are not
+         *         required to, throw this exception if the entry has been
+         *         removed from the backing map.
+         */
+        V getValue();
+
+        /**
+         * Replaces the value corresponding to this entry with the specified
+         * value (optional operation).  (Writes through to the map.)  The
+         * behavior of this call is undefined if the mapping has already been
+         * removed from the map (by the iterator's <tt>remove</tt> operation).
+         *
+         * @param value new value to be stored in this entry
+         * @return old value corresponding to the entry
+         * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>put</tt> operation
+         *         is not supported by the backing map
+         * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws NullPointerException if the backing map does not permit
+         *         null values, and the specified value is null
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of this value
+         *         prevents it from being stored in the backing map
+         * @throws IllegalStateException implementations may, but are not
+         *         required to, throw this exception if the entry has been
+         *         removed from the backing map.
+         */
+        V setValue(V value);
+
+        /**
+         * Compares the specified object with this entry for equality.
+         * Returns <tt>true</tt> if the given object is also a map entry and
+         * the two entries represent the same mapping.  More formally, two
+         * entries <tt>e1</tt> and <tt>e2</tt> represent the same mapping
+         * if<pre>
+         *     (e1.getKey()==null ?
+         *      e2.getKey()==null : e1.getKey().equals(e2.getKey()))  &amp;&amp;
+         *     (e1.getValue()==null ?
+         *      e2.getValue()==null : e1.getValue().equals(e2.getValue()))
+         * </pre>
+         * This ensures that the <tt>equals</tt> method works properly across
+         * different implementations of the <tt>Map.Entry</tt> interface.
+         *
+         * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map entry
+         * @return <tt>true</tt> if the specified object is equal to this map
+         *         entry
+         */
+        boolean equals(Object o);
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the hash code value for this map entry.  The hash code
+         * of a map entry <tt>e</tt> is defined to be: <pre>
+         *     (e.getKey()==null   ? 0 : e.getKey().hashCode()) ^
+         *     (e.getValue()==null ? 0 : e.getValue().hashCode())
+         * </pre>
+         * This ensures that <tt>e1.equals(e2)</tt> implies that
+         * <tt>e1.hashCode()==e2.hashCode()</tt> for any two Entries
+         * <tt>e1</tt> and <tt>e2</tt>, as required by the general
+         * contract of <tt>Object.hashCode</tt>.
+         *
+         * @return the hash code value for this map entry
+         * @see Object#hashCode()
+         * @see Object#equals(Object)
+         * @see #equals(Object)
+         */
+        int hashCode();
+    }
+
+    // Comparison and hashing
+
+    /**
+     * Compares the specified object with this map for equality.  Returns
+     * <tt>true</tt> if the given object is also a map and the two maps
+     * represent the same mappings.  More formally, two maps <tt>m1</tt> and
+     * <tt>m2</tt> represent the same mappings if
+     * <tt>m1.entrySet().equals(m2.entrySet())</tt>.  This ensures that the
+     * <tt>equals</tt> method works properly across different implementations
+     * of the <tt>Map</tt> interface.
+     *
+     * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map
+     * @return <tt>true</tt> if the specified object is equal to this map
+     */
+    boolean equals(Object o);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the hash code value for this map.  The hash code of a map is
+     * defined to be the sum of the hash codes of each entry in the map's
+     * <tt>entrySet()</tt> view.  This ensures that <tt>m1.equals(m2)</tt>
+     * implies that <tt>m1.hashCode()==m2.hashCode()</tt> for any two maps
+     * <tt>m1</tt> and <tt>m2</tt>, as required by the general contract of
+     * {@link Object#hashCode}.
+     *
+     * @return the hash code value for this map
+     * @see Map.Entry#hashCode()
+     * @see Object#equals(Object)
+     * @see #equals(Object)
+     */
+    int hashCode();
+}