jdk/src/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java
changeset 2 90ce3da70b43
child 5506 202f599c92aa
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/share/classes/java/text/DecimalFormat.java	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,3276 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1996-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * (C) Copyright Taligent, Inc. 1996, 1997 - All Rights Reserved
+ * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1996 - 1998 - All Rights Reserved
+ *
+ *   The original version of this source code and documentation is copyrighted
+ * and owned by Taligent, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of IBM. These
+ * materials are provided under terms of a License Agreement between Taligent
+ * and Sun. This technology is protected by multiple US and International
+ * patents. This notice and attribution to Taligent may not be removed.
+ *   Taligent is a registered trademark of Taligent, Inc.
+ *
+ */
+
+package java.text;
+
+import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.math.RoundingMode;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Currency;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import sun.util.resources.LocaleData;
+
+/**
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> is a concrete subclass of
+ * <code>NumberFormat</code> that formats decimal numbers. It has a variety of
+ * features designed to make it possible to parse and format numbers in any
+ * locale, including support for Western, Arabic, and Indic digits.  It also
+ * supports different kinds of numbers, including integers (123), fixed-point
+ * numbers (123.4), scientific notation (1.23E4), percentages (12%), and
+ * currency amounts ($123).  All of these can be localized.
+ *
+ * <p>To obtain a <code>NumberFormat</code> for a specific locale, including the
+ * default locale, call one of <code>NumberFormat</code>'s factory methods, such
+ * as <code>getInstance()</code>.  In general, do not call the
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> constructors directly, since the
+ * <code>NumberFormat</code> factory methods may return subclasses other than
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code>. If you need to customize the format object, do
+ * something like this:
+ *
+ * <blockquote><pre>
+ * NumberFormat f = NumberFormat.getInstance(loc);
+ * if (f instanceof DecimalFormat) {
+ *     ((DecimalFormat) f).setDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown(true);
+ * }
+ * </pre></blockquote>
+ *
+ * <p>A <code>DecimalFormat</code> comprises a <em>pattern</em> and a set of
+ * <em>symbols</em>.  The pattern may be set directly using
+ * <code>applyPattern()</code>, or indirectly using the API methods.  The
+ * symbols are stored in a <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object.  When using
+ * the <code>NumberFormat</code> factory methods, the pattern and symbols are
+ * read from localized <code>ResourceBundle</code>s.
+ *
+ * <h4>Patterns</h4>
+ *
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> patterns have the following syntax:
+ * <blockquote><pre>
+ * <i>Pattern:</i>
+ *         <i>PositivePattern</i>
+ *         <i>PositivePattern</i> ; <i>NegativePattern</i>
+ * <i>PositivePattern:</i>
+ *         <i>Prefix<sub>opt</sub></i> <i>Number</i> <i>Suffix<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>NegativePattern:</i>
+ *         <i>Prefix<sub>opt</sub></i> <i>Number</i> <i>Suffix<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>Prefix:</i>
+ *         any Unicode characters except &#92;uFFFE, &#92;uFFFF, and special characters
+ * <i>Suffix:</i>
+ *         any Unicode characters except &#92;uFFFE, &#92;uFFFF, and special characters
+ * <i>Number:</i>
+ *         <i>Integer</i> <i>Exponent<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ *         <i>Integer</i> . <i>Fraction</i> <i>Exponent<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>Integer:</i>
+ *         <i>MinimumInteger</i>
+ *         #
+ *         # <i>Integer</i>
+ *         # , <i>Integer</i>
+ * <i>MinimumInteger:</i>
+ *         0
+ *         0 <i>MinimumInteger</i>
+ *         0 , <i>MinimumInteger</i>
+ * <i>Fraction:</i>
+ *         <i>MinimumFraction<sub>opt</sub></i> <i>OptionalFraction<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>MinimumFraction:</i>
+ *         0 <i>MinimumFraction<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>OptionalFraction:</i>
+ *         # <i>OptionalFraction<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * <i>Exponent:</i>
+ *         E <i>MinimumExponent</i>
+ * <i>MinimumExponent:</i>
+ *         0 <i>MinimumExponent<sub>opt</sub></i>
+ * </pre></blockquote>
+ *
+ * <p>A <code>DecimalFormat</code> pattern contains a positive and negative
+ * subpattern, for example, <code>"#,##0.00;(#,##0.00)"</code>.  Each
+ * subpattern has a prefix, numeric part, and suffix. The negative subpattern
+ * is optional; if absent, then the positive subpattern prefixed with the
+ * localized minus sign (<code>'-'</code> in most locales) is used as the
+ * negative subpattern. That is, <code>"0.00"</code> alone is equivalent to
+ * <code>"0.00;-0.00"</code>.  If there is an explicit negative subpattern, it
+ * serves only to specify the negative prefix and suffix; the number of digits,
+ * minimal digits, and other characteristics are all the same as the positive
+ * pattern. That means that <code>"#,##0.0#;(#)"</code> produces precisely
+ * the same behavior as <code>"#,##0.0#;(#,##0.0#)"</code>.
+ *
+ * <p>The prefixes, suffixes, and various symbols used for infinity, digits,
+ * thousands separators, decimal separators, etc. may be set to arbitrary
+ * values, and they will appear properly during formatting.  However, care must
+ * be taken that the symbols and strings do not conflict, or parsing will be
+ * unreliable.  For example, either the positive and negative prefixes or the
+ * suffixes must be distinct for <code>DecimalFormat.parse()</code> to be able
+ * to distinguish positive from negative values.  (If they are identical, then
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> will behave as if no negative subpattern was
+ * specified.)  Another example is that the decimal separator and thousands
+ * separator should be distinct characters, or parsing will be impossible.
+ *
+ * <p>The grouping separator is commonly used for thousands, but in some
+ * countries it separates ten-thousands. The grouping size is a constant number
+ * of digits between the grouping characters, such as 3 for 100,000,000 or 4 for
+ * 1,0000,0000.  If you supply a pattern with multiple grouping characters, the
+ * interval between the last one and the end of the integer is the one that is
+ * used. So <code>"#,##,###,####"</code> == <code>"######,####"</code> ==
+ * <code>"##,####,####"</code>.
+ *
+ * <h4>Special Pattern Characters</h4>
+ *
+ * <p>Many characters in a pattern are taken literally; they are matched during
+ * parsing and output unchanged during formatting.  Special characters, on the
+ * other hand, stand for other characters, strings, or classes of characters.
+ * They must be quoted, unless noted otherwise, if they are to appear in the
+ * prefix or suffix as literals.
+ *
+ * <p>The characters listed here are used in non-localized patterns.  Localized
+ * patterns use the corresponding characters taken from this formatter's
+ * <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object instead, and these characters lose
+ * their special status.  Two exceptions are the currency sign and quote, which
+ * are not localized.
+ *
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <table border=0 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0 summary="Chart showing symbol,
+ *  location, localized, and meaning.">
+ *     <tr bgcolor="#ccccff">
+ *          <th align=left>Symbol
+ *          <th align=left>Location
+ *          <th align=left>Localized?
+ *          <th align=left>Meaning
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>0</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Digit
+ *     <tr valign=top bgcolor="#eeeeff">
+ *          <td><code>#</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Digit, zero shows as absent
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>.</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Decimal separator or monetary decimal separator
+ *     <tr valign=top bgcolor="#eeeeff">
+ *          <td><code>-</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Minus sign
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>,</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Grouping separator
+ *     <tr valign=top bgcolor="#eeeeff">
+ *          <td><code>E</code>
+ *          <td>Number
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Separates mantissa and exponent in scientific notation.
+ *              <em>Need not be quoted in prefix or suffix.</em>
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>;</code>
+ *          <td>Subpattern boundary
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Separates positive and negative subpatterns
+ *     <tr valign=top bgcolor="#eeeeff">
+ *          <td><code>%</code>
+ *          <td>Prefix or suffix
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Multiply by 100 and show as percentage
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>&#92;u2030</code>
+ *          <td>Prefix or suffix
+ *          <td>Yes
+ *          <td>Multiply by 1000 and show as per mille value
+ *     <tr valign=top bgcolor="#eeeeff">
+ *          <td><code>&#164;</code> (<code>&#92;u00A4</code>)
+ *          <td>Prefix or suffix
+ *          <td>No
+ *          <td>Currency sign, replaced by currency symbol.  If
+ *              doubled, replaced by international currency symbol.
+ *              If present in a pattern, the monetary decimal separator
+ *              is used instead of the decimal separator.
+ *     <tr valign=top>
+ *          <td><code>'</code>
+ *          <td>Prefix or suffix
+ *          <td>No
+ *          <td>Used to quote special characters in a prefix or suffix,
+ *              for example, <code>"'#'#"</code> formats 123 to
+ *              <code>"#123"</code>.  To create a single quote
+ *              itself, use two in a row: <code>"# o''clock"</code>.
+ * </table>
+ * </blockquote>
+ *
+ * <h4>Scientific Notation</h4>
+ *
+ * <p>Numbers in scientific notation are expressed as the product of a mantissa
+ * and a power of ten, for example, 1234 can be expressed as 1.234 x 10^3.  The
+ * mantissa is often in the range 1.0 <= x < 10.0, but it need not be.
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> can be instructed to format and parse scientific
+ * notation <em>only via a pattern</em>; there is currently no factory method
+ * that creates a scientific notation format.  In a pattern, the exponent
+ * character immediately followed by one or more digit characters indicates
+ * scientific notation.  Example: <code>"0.###E0"</code> formats the number
+ * 1234 as <code>"1.234E3"</code>.
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>The number of digit characters after the exponent character gives the
+ * minimum exponent digit count.  There is no maximum.  Negative exponents are
+ * formatted using the localized minus sign, <em>not</em> the prefix and suffix
+ * from the pattern.  This allows patterns such as <code>"0.###E0 m/s"</code>.
+ *
+ * <li>The minimum and maximum number of integer digits are interpreted
+ * together:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>If the maximum number of integer digits is greater than their minimum number
+ * and greater than 1, it forces the exponent to be a multiple of the maximum
+ * number of integer digits, and the minimum number of integer digits to be
+ * interpreted as 1.  The most common use of this is to generate
+ * <em>engineering notation</em>, in which the exponent is a multiple of three,
+ * e.g., <code>"##0.#####E0"</code>. Using this pattern, the number 12345
+ * formats to <code>"12.345E3"</code>, and 123456 formats to
+ * <code>"123.456E3"</code>.
+ *
+ * <li>Otherwise, the minimum number of integer digits is achieved by adjusting the
+ * exponent.  Example: 0.00123 formatted with <code>"00.###E0"</code> yields
+ * <code>"12.3E-4"</code>.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <li>The number of significant digits in the mantissa is the sum of the
+ * <em>minimum integer</em> and <em>maximum fraction</em> digits, and is
+ * unaffected by the maximum integer digits.  For example, 12345 formatted with
+ * <code>"##0.##E0"</code> is <code>"12.3E3"</code>. To show all digits, set
+ * the significant digits count to zero.  The number of significant digits
+ * does not affect parsing.
+ *
+ * <li>Exponential patterns may not contain grouping separators.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <h4>Rounding</h4>
+ *
+ * <code>DecimalFormat</code> provides rounding modes defined in
+ * {@link java.math.RoundingMode} for formatting.  By default, it uses
+ * {@link java.math.RoundingMode#HALF_EVEN RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN}.
+ *
+ * <h4>Digits</h4>
+ *
+ * For formatting, <code>DecimalFormat</code> uses the ten consecutive
+ * characters starting with the localized zero digit defined in the
+ * <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object as digits. For parsing, these
+ * digits as well as all Unicode decimal digits, as defined by
+ * {@link Character#digit Character.digit}, are recognized.
+ *
+ * <h4>Special Values</h4>
+ *
+ * <p><code>NaN</code> is formatted as a string, which typically has a single character
+ * <code>&#92;uFFFD</code>.  This string is determined by the
+ * <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object.  This is the only value for which
+ * the prefixes and suffixes are not used.
+ *
+ * <p>Infinity is formatted as a string, which typically has a single character
+ * <code>&#92;u221E</code>, with the positive or negative prefixes and suffixes
+ * applied.  The infinity string is determined by the
+ * <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object.
+ *
+ * <p>Negative zero (<code>"-0"</code>) parses to
+ * <ul>
+ * <li><code>BigDecimal(0)</code> if <code>isParseBigDecimal()</code> is
+ * true,
+ * <li><code>Long(0)</code> if <code>isParseBigDecimal()</code> is false
+ *     and <code>isParseIntegerOnly()</code> is true,
+ * <li><code>Double(-0.0)</code> if both <code>isParseBigDecimal()</code>
+ * and <code>isParseIntegerOnly()</code> are false.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <h4><a name="synchronization">Synchronization</a></h4>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Decimal formats are generally not synchronized.
+ * It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread.
+ * If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized
+ * externally.
+ *
+ * <h4>Example</h4>
+ *
+ * <blockquote><pre>
+ * <strong>// Print out a number using the localized number, integer, currency,
+ * // and percent format for each locale</strong>
+ * Locale[] locales = NumberFormat.getAvailableLocales();
+ * double myNumber = -1234.56;
+ * NumberFormat form;
+ * for (int j=0; j<4; ++j) {
+ *     System.out.println("FORMAT");
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < locales.length; ++i) {
+ *         if (locales[i].getCountry().length() == 0) {
+ *            continue; // Skip language-only locales
+ *         }
+ *         System.out.print(locales[i].getDisplayName());
+ *         switch (j) {
+ *         case 0:
+ *             form = NumberFormat.getInstance(locales[i]); break;
+ *         case 1:
+ *             form = NumberFormat.getIntegerInstance(locales[i]); break;
+ *         case 2:
+ *             form = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance(locales[i]); break;
+ *         default:
+ *             form = NumberFormat.getPercentInstance(locales[i]); break;
+ *         }
+ *         if (form instanceof DecimalFormat) {
+ *             System.out.print(": " + ((DecimalFormat) form).toPattern());
+ *         }
+ *         System.out.print(" -> " + form.format(myNumber));
+ *         try {
+ *             System.out.println(" -> " + form.parse(form.format(myNumber)));
+ *         } catch (ParseException e) {}
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * </pre></blockquote>
+ *
+ * @see          <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/format/decimalFormat.html">Java Tutorial</a>
+ * @see          NumberFormat
+ * @see          DecimalFormatSymbols
+ * @see          ParsePosition
+ * @author       Mark Davis
+ * @author       Alan Liu
+ */
+public class DecimalFormat extends NumberFormat {
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a DecimalFormat using the default pattern and symbols
+     * for the default locale. This is a convenient way to obtain a
+     * DecimalFormat when internationalization is not the main concern.
+     * <p>
+     * To obtain standard formats for a given locale, use the factory methods
+     * on NumberFormat such as getNumberInstance. These factories will
+     * return the most appropriate sub-class of NumberFormat for a given
+     * locale.
+     *
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getNumberInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getCurrencyInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getPercentInstance
+     */
+    public DecimalFormat() {
+        Locale def = Locale.getDefault();
+        // try to get the pattern from the cache
+        String pattern = (String) cachedLocaleData.get(def);
+        if (pattern == null) {  /* cache miss */
+            // Get the pattern for the default locale.
+            ResourceBundle rb = LocaleData.getNumberFormatData(def);
+            String[] all = rb.getStringArray("NumberPatterns");
+            pattern = all[0];
+            /* update cache */
+            cachedLocaleData.put(def, pattern);
+        }
+
+        // Always applyPattern after the symbols are set
+        this.symbols = new DecimalFormatSymbols(def);
+        applyPattern(pattern, false);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a DecimalFormat using the given pattern and the symbols
+     * for the default locale. This is a convenient way to obtain a
+     * DecimalFormat when internationalization is not the main concern.
+     * <p>
+     * To obtain standard formats for a given locale, use the factory methods
+     * on NumberFormat such as getNumberInstance. These factories will
+     * return the most appropriate sub-class of NumberFormat for a given
+     * locale.
+     *
+     * @param pattern A non-localized pattern string.
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>pattern</code> is null
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the given pattern is invalid.
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getNumberInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getCurrencyInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getPercentInstance
+     */
+    public DecimalFormat(String pattern) {
+        // Always applyPattern after the symbols are set
+        this.symbols = new DecimalFormatSymbols(Locale.getDefault());
+        applyPattern(pattern, false);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a DecimalFormat using the given pattern and symbols.
+     * Use this constructor when you need to completely customize the
+     * behavior of the format.
+     * <p>
+     * To obtain standard formats for a given
+     * locale, use the factory methods on NumberFormat such as
+     * getInstance or getCurrencyInstance. If you need only minor adjustments
+     * to a standard format, you can modify the format returned by
+     * a NumberFormat factory method.
+     *
+     * @param pattern a non-localized pattern string
+     * @param symbols the set of symbols to be used
+     * @exception NullPointerException if any of the given arguments is null
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the given pattern is invalid
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getNumberInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getCurrencyInstance
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#getPercentInstance
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols
+     */
+    public DecimalFormat (String pattern, DecimalFormatSymbols symbols) {
+        // Always applyPattern after the symbols are set
+        this.symbols = (DecimalFormatSymbols)symbols.clone();
+        applyPattern(pattern, false);
+    }
+
+
+    // Overrides
+    /**
+     * Formats a number and appends the resulting text to the given string
+     * buffer.
+     * The number can be of any subclass of {@link java.lang.Number}.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation uses the maximum precision permitted.
+     * @param number     the number to format
+     * @param toAppendTo the <code>StringBuffer</code> to which the formatted
+     *                   text is to be appended
+     * @param pos        On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+     *                   On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+     * @return           the value passed in as <code>toAppendTo</code>
+     * @exception        IllegalArgumentException if <code>number</code> is
+     *                   null or not an instance of <code>Number</code>.
+     * @exception        NullPointerException if <code>toAppendTo</code> or
+     *                   <code>pos</code> is null
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @see              java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    public final StringBuffer format(Object number,
+                                     StringBuffer toAppendTo,
+                                     FieldPosition pos) {
+        if (number instanceof Long || number instanceof Integer ||
+                   number instanceof Short || number instanceof Byte ||
+                   number instanceof AtomicInteger ||
+                   number instanceof AtomicLong ||
+                   (number instanceof BigInteger &&
+                    ((BigInteger)number).bitLength () < 64)) {
+            return format(((Number)number).longValue(), toAppendTo, pos);
+        } else if (number instanceof BigDecimal) {
+            return format((BigDecimal)number, toAppendTo, pos);
+        } else if (number instanceof BigInteger) {
+            return format((BigInteger)number, toAppendTo, pos);
+        } else if (number instanceof Number) {
+            return format(((Number)number).doubleValue(), toAppendTo, pos);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot format given Object as a Number");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats a double to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The double to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param fieldPosition    On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+     * On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+     * @exception ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *            mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    public StringBuffer format(double number, StringBuffer result,
+                               FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
+        fieldPosition.setBeginIndex(0);
+        fieldPosition.setEndIndex(0);
+
+        return format(number, result, fieldPosition.getFieldDelegate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats a double to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The double to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param delegate notified of locations of sub fields
+     * @exception       ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                  mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(double number, StringBuffer result,
+                                FieldDelegate delegate) {
+        if (Double.isNaN(number) ||
+           (Double.isInfinite(number) && multiplier == 0)) {
+            int iFieldStart = result.length();
+            result.append(symbols.getNaN());
+            delegate.formatted(INTEGER_FIELD, Field.INTEGER, Field.INTEGER,
+                               iFieldStart, result.length(), result);
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        /* Detecting whether a double is negative is easy with the exception of
+         * the value -0.0.  This is a double which has a zero mantissa (and
+         * exponent), but a negative sign bit.  It is semantically distinct from
+         * a zero with a positive sign bit, and this distinction is important
+         * to certain kinds of computations.  However, it's a little tricky to
+         * detect, since (-0.0 == 0.0) and !(-0.0 < 0.0).  How then, you may
+         * ask, does it behave distinctly from +0.0?  Well, 1/(-0.0) ==
+         * -Infinity.  Proper detection of -0.0 is needed to deal with the
+         * issues raised by bugs 4106658, 4106667, and 4147706.  Liu 7/6/98.
+         */
+        boolean isNegative = ((number < 0.0) || (number == 0.0 && 1/number < 0.0)) ^ (multiplier < 0);
+
+        if (multiplier != 1) {
+            number *= multiplier;
+        }
+
+        if (Double.isInfinite(number)) {
+            if (isNegative) {
+                append(result, negativePrefix, delegate,
+                       getNegativePrefixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+            } else {
+                append(result, positivePrefix, delegate,
+                       getPositivePrefixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+            }
+
+            int iFieldStart = result.length();
+            result.append(symbols.getInfinity());
+            delegate.formatted(INTEGER_FIELD, Field.INTEGER, Field.INTEGER,
+                               iFieldStart, result.length(), result);
+
+            if (isNegative) {
+                append(result, negativeSuffix, delegate,
+                       getNegativeSuffixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+            } else {
+                append(result, positiveSuffix, delegate,
+                       getPositiveSuffixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        if (isNegative) {
+            number = -number;
+        }
+
+        // at this point we are guaranteed a nonnegative finite number.
+        assert(number >= 0 && !Double.isInfinite(number));
+
+        synchronized(digitList) {
+            int maxIntDigits = super.getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+            int minIntDigits = super.getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+            int maxFraDigits = super.getMaximumFractionDigits();
+            int minFraDigits = super.getMinimumFractionDigits();
+
+            digitList.set(isNegative, number, useExponentialNotation ?
+                          maxIntDigits + maxFraDigits : maxFraDigits,
+                          !useExponentialNotation);
+            return subformat(result, delegate, isNegative, false,
+                       maxIntDigits, minIntDigits, maxFraDigits, minFraDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Format a long to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The long to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param fieldPosition    On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+     * On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+     * @exception       ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                  mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    public StringBuffer format(long number, StringBuffer result,
+                               FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
+        fieldPosition.setBeginIndex(0);
+        fieldPosition.setEndIndex(0);
+
+        return format(number, result, fieldPosition.getFieldDelegate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Format a long to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The long to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param delegate notified of locations of sub fields
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(long number, StringBuffer result,
+                               FieldDelegate delegate) {
+        boolean isNegative = (number < 0);
+        if (isNegative) {
+            number = -number;
+        }
+
+        // In general, long values always represent real finite numbers, so
+        // we don't have to check for +/- Infinity or NaN.  However, there
+        // is one case we have to be careful of:  The multiplier can push
+        // a number near MIN_VALUE or MAX_VALUE outside the legal range.  We
+        // check for this before multiplying, and if it happens we use
+        // BigInteger instead.
+        boolean useBigInteger = false;
+        if (number < 0) { // This can only happen if number == Long.MIN_VALUE.
+            if (multiplier != 0) {
+                useBigInteger = true;
+            }
+        } else if (multiplier != 1 && multiplier != 0) {
+            long cutoff = Long.MAX_VALUE / multiplier;
+            if (cutoff < 0) {
+                cutoff = -cutoff;
+            }
+            useBigInteger = (number > cutoff);
+        }
+
+        if (useBigInteger) {
+            if (isNegative) {
+                number = -number;
+            }
+            BigInteger bigIntegerValue = BigInteger.valueOf(number);
+            return format(bigIntegerValue, result, delegate, true);
+        }
+
+        number *= multiplier;
+        if (number == 0) {
+            isNegative = false;
+        } else {
+            if (multiplier < 0) {
+                number = -number;
+                isNegative = !isNegative;
+            }
+        }
+
+        synchronized(digitList) {
+            int maxIntDigits = super.getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+            int minIntDigits = super.getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+            int maxFraDigits = super.getMaximumFractionDigits();
+            int minFraDigits = super.getMinimumFractionDigits();
+
+            digitList.set(isNegative, number,
+                     useExponentialNotation ? maxIntDigits + maxFraDigits : 0);
+
+            return subformat(result, delegate, isNegative, true,
+                       maxIntDigits, minIntDigits, maxFraDigits, minFraDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats a BigDecimal to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The BigDecimal to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param fieldPosition    On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+     * On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(BigDecimal number, StringBuffer result,
+                                FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
+        fieldPosition.setBeginIndex(0);
+        fieldPosition.setEndIndex(0);
+        return format(number, result, fieldPosition.getFieldDelegate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats a BigDecimal to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The BigDecimal to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param delegate notified of locations of sub fields
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(BigDecimal number, StringBuffer result,
+                                FieldDelegate delegate) {
+        if (multiplier != 1) {
+            number = number.multiply(getBigDecimalMultiplier());
+        }
+        boolean isNegative = number.signum() == -1;
+        if (isNegative) {
+            number = number.negate();
+        }
+
+        synchronized(digitList) {
+            int maxIntDigits = getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+            int minIntDigits = getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+            int maxFraDigits = getMaximumFractionDigits();
+            int minFraDigits = getMinimumFractionDigits();
+            int maximumDigits = maxIntDigits + maxFraDigits;
+
+            digitList.set(isNegative, number, useExponentialNotation ?
+                ((maximumDigits < 0) ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : maximumDigits) :
+                maxFraDigits, !useExponentialNotation);
+
+            return subformat(result, delegate, isNegative, false,
+                maxIntDigits, minIntDigits, maxFraDigits, minFraDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Format a BigInteger to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The BigInteger to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param fieldPosition    On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+     * On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(BigInteger number, StringBuffer result,
+                               FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
+        fieldPosition.setBeginIndex(0);
+        fieldPosition.setEndIndex(0);
+
+        return format(number, result, fieldPosition.getFieldDelegate(), false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Format a BigInteger to produce a string.
+     * @param number    The BigInteger to format
+     * @param result    where the text is to be appended
+     * @param delegate notified of locations of sub fields
+     * @return The formatted number string
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @see java.text.FieldPosition
+     */
+    private StringBuffer format(BigInteger number, StringBuffer result,
+                               FieldDelegate delegate, boolean formatLong) {
+        if (multiplier != 1) {
+            number = number.multiply(getBigIntegerMultiplier());
+        }
+        boolean isNegative = number.signum() == -1;
+        if (isNegative) {
+            number = number.negate();
+        }
+
+        synchronized(digitList) {
+            int maxIntDigits, minIntDigits, maxFraDigits, minFraDigits, maximumDigits;
+            if (formatLong) {
+                maxIntDigits = super.getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+                minIntDigits = super.getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+                maxFraDigits = super.getMaximumFractionDigits();
+                minFraDigits = super.getMinimumFractionDigits();
+                maximumDigits = maxIntDigits + maxFraDigits;
+            } else {
+                maxIntDigits = getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+                minIntDigits = getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+                maxFraDigits = getMaximumFractionDigits();
+                minFraDigits = getMinimumFractionDigits();
+                maximumDigits = maxIntDigits + maxFraDigits;
+                if (maximumDigits < 0) {
+                    maximumDigits = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                }
+            }
+
+            digitList.set(isNegative, number,
+                          useExponentialNotation ? maximumDigits : 0);
+
+            return subformat(result, delegate, isNegative, true,
+                maxIntDigits, minIntDigits, maxFraDigits, minFraDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats an Object producing an <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>.
+     * You can use the returned <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>
+     * to build the resulting String, as well as to determine information
+     * about the resulting String.
+     * <p>
+     * Each attribute key of the AttributedCharacterIterator will be of type
+     * <code>NumberFormat.Field</code>, with the attribute value being the
+     * same as the attribute key.
+     *
+     * @exception NullPointerException if obj is null.
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException when the Format cannot format the
+     *            given object.
+     * @exception        ArithmeticException if rounding is needed with rounding
+     *                   mode being set to RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY
+     * @param obj The object to format
+     * @return AttributedCharacterIterator describing the formatted value.
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public AttributedCharacterIterator formatToCharacterIterator(Object obj) {
+        CharacterIteratorFieldDelegate delegate =
+                         new CharacterIteratorFieldDelegate();
+        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+
+        if (obj instanceof Double || obj instanceof Float) {
+            format(((Number)obj).doubleValue(), sb, delegate);
+        } else if (obj instanceof Long || obj instanceof Integer ||
+                   obj instanceof Short || obj instanceof Byte ||
+                   obj instanceof AtomicInteger || obj instanceof AtomicLong) {
+            format(((Number)obj).longValue(), sb, delegate);
+        } else if (obj instanceof BigDecimal) {
+            format((BigDecimal)obj, sb, delegate);
+        } else if (obj instanceof BigInteger) {
+            format((BigInteger)obj, sb, delegate, false);
+        } else if (obj == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException(
+                "formatToCharacterIterator must be passed non-null object");
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "Cannot format given Object as a Number");
+        }
+        return delegate.getIterator(sb.toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Complete the formatting of a finite number.  On entry, the digitList must
+     * be filled in with the correct digits.
+     */
+    private StringBuffer subformat(StringBuffer result, FieldDelegate delegate,
+                                   boolean isNegative, boolean isInteger,
+                                   int maxIntDigits, int minIntDigits,
+                                   int maxFraDigits, int minFraDigits) {
+        // NOTE: This isn't required anymore because DigitList takes care of this.
+        //
+        //  // The negative of the exponent represents the number of leading
+        //  // zeros between the decimal and the first non-zero digit, for
+        //  // a value < 0.1 (e.g., for 0.00123, -fExponent == 2).  If this
+        //  // is more than the maximum fraction digits, then we have an underflow
+        //  // for the printed representation.  We recognize this here and set
+        //  // the DigitList representation to zero in this situation.
+        //
+        //  if (-digitList.decimalAt >= getMaximumFractionDigits())
+        //  {
+        //      digitList.count = 0;
+        //  }
+
+        char zero = symbols.getZeroDigit();
+        int zeroDelta = zero - '0'; // '0' is the DigitList representation of zero
+        char grouping = symbols.getGroupingSeparator();
+        char decimal = isCurrencyFormat ?
+            symbols.getMonetaryDecimalSeparator() :
+            symbols.getDecimalSeparator();
+
+        /* Per bug 4147706, DecimalFormat must respect the sign of numbers which
+         * format as zero.  This allows sensible computations and preserves
+         * relations such as signum(1/x) = signum(x), where x is +Infinity or
+         * -Infinity.  Prior to this fix, we always formatted zero values as if
+         * they were positive.  Liu 7/6/98.
+         */
+        if (digitList.isZero()) {
+            digitList.decimalAt = 0; // Normalize
+        }
+
+        if (isNegative) {
+            append(result, negativePrefix, delegate,
+                   getNegativePrefixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+        } else {
+            append(result, positivePrefix, delegate,
+                   getPositivePrefixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+        }
+
+        if (useExponentialNotation) {
+            int iFieldStart = result.length();
+            int iFieldEnd = -1;
+            int fFieldStart = -1;
+
+            // Minimum integer digits are handled in exponential format by
+            // adjusting the exponent.  For example, 0.01234 with 3 minimum
+            // integer digits is "123.4E-4".
+
+            // Maximum integer digits are interpreted as indicating the
+            // repeating range.  This is useful for engineering notation, in
+            // which the exponent is restricted to a multiple of 3.  For
+            // example, 0.01234 with 3 maximum integer digits is "12.34e-3".
+            // If maximum integer digits are > 1 and are larger than
+            // minimum integer digits, then minimum integer digits are
+            // ignored.
+            int exponent = digitList.decimalAt;
+            int repeat = maxIntDigits;
+            int minimumIntegerDigits = minIntDigits;
+            if (repeat > 1 && repeat > minIntDigits) {
+                // A repeating range is defined; adjust to it as follows.
+                // If repeat == 3, we have 6,5,4=>3; 3,2,1=>0; 0,-1,-2=>-3;
+                // -3,-4,-5=>-6, etc. This takes into account that the
+                // exponent we have here is off by one from what we expect;
+                // it is for the format 0.MMMMMx10^n.
+                if (exponent >= 1) {
+                    exponent = ((exponent - 1) / repeat) * repeat;
+                } else {
+                    // integer division rounds towards 0
+                    exponent = ((exponent - repeat) / repeat) * repeat;
+                }
+                minimumIntegerDigits = 1;
+            } else {
+                // No repeating range is defined; use minimum integer digits.
+                exponent -= minimumIntegerDigits;
+            }
+
+            // We now output a minimum number of digits, and more if there
+            // are more digits, up to the maximum number of digits.  We
+            // place the decimal point after the "integer" digits, which
+            // are the first (decimalAt - exponent) digits.
+            int minimumDigits = minIntDigits + minFraDigits;
+            if (minimumDigits < 0) {    // overflow?
+                minimumDigits = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            // The number of integer digits is handled specially if the number
+            // is zero, since then there may be no digits.
+            int integerDigits = digitList.isZero() ? minimumIntegerDigits :
+                    digitList.decimalAt - exponent;
+            if (minimumDigits < integerDigits) {
+                minimumDigits = integerDigits;
+            }
+            int totalDigits = digitList.count;
+            if (minimumDigits > totalDigits) {
+                totalDigits = minimumDigits;
+            }
+            boolean addedDecimalSeparator = false;
+
+            for (int i=0; i<totalDigits; ++i) {
+                if (i == integerDigits) {
+                    // Record field information for caller.
+                    iFieldEnd = result.length();
+
+                    result.append(decimal);
+                    addedDecimalSeparator = true;
+
+                    // Record field information for caller.
+                    fFieldStart = result.length();
+                }
+                result.append((i < digitList.count) ?
+                              (char)(digitList.digits[i] + zeroDelta) :
+                              zero);
+            }
+
+            if (decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown && totalDigits == integerDigits) {
+                // Record field information for caller.
+                iFieldEnd = result.length();
+
+                result.append(decimal);
+                addedDecimalSeparator = true;
+
+                // Record field information for caller.
+                fFieldStart = result.length();
+            }
+
+            // Record field information
+            if (iFieldEnd == -1) {
+                iFieldEnd = result.length();
+            }
+            delegate.formatted(INTEGER_FIELD, Field.INTEGER, Field.INTEGER,
+                               iFieldStart, iFieldEnd, result);
+            if (addedDecimalSeparator) {
+                delegate.formatted(Field.DECIMAL_SEPARATOR,
+                                   Field.DECIMAL_SEPARATOR,
+                                   iFieldEnd, fFieldStart, result);
+            }
+            if (fFieldStart == -1) {
+                fFieldStart = result.length();
+            }
+            delegate.formatted(FRACTION_FIELD, Field.FRACTION, Field.FRACTION,
+                               fFieldStart, result.length(), result);
+
+            // The exponent is output using the pattern-specified minimum
+            // exponent digits.  There is no maximum limit to the exponent
+            // digits, since truncating the exponent would result in an
+            // unacceptable inaccuracy.
+            int fieldStart = result.length();
+
+            result.append(symbols.getExponentSeparator());
+
+            delegate.formatted(Field.EXPONENT_SYMBOL, Field.EXPONENT_SYMBOL,
+                               fieldStart, result.length(), result);
+
+            // For zero values, we force the exponent to zero.  We
+            // must do this here, and not earlier, because the value
+            // is used to determine integer digit count above.
+            if (digitList.isZero()) {
+                exponent = 0;
+            }
+
+            boolean negativeExponent = exponent < 0;
+            if (negativeExponent) {
+                exponent = -exponent;
+                fieldStart = result.length();
+                result.append(symbols.getMinusSign());
+                delegate.formatted(Field.EXPONENT_SIGN, Field.EXPONENT_SIGN,
+                                   fieldStart, result.length(), result);
+            }
+            digitList.set(negativeExponent, exponent);
+
+            int eFieldStart = result.length();
+
+            for (int i=digitList.decimalAt; i<minExponentDigits; ++i) {
+                result.append(zero);
+            }
+            for (int i=0; i<digitList.decimalAt; ++i) {
+                result.append((i < digitList.count) ?
+                          (char)(digitList.digits[i] + zeroDelta) : zero);
+            }
+            delegate.formatted(Field.EXPONENT, Field.EXPONENT, eFieldStart,
+                               result.length(), result);
+        } else {
+            int iFieldStart = result.length();
+
+            // Output the integer portion.  Here 'count' is the total
+            // number of integer digits we will display, including both
+            // leading zeros required to satisfy getMinimumIntegerDigits,
+            // and actual digits present in the number.
+            int count = minIntDigits;
+            int digitIndex = 0; // Index into digitList.fDigits[]
+            if (digitList.decimalAt > 0 && count < digitList.decimalAt) {
+                count = digitList.decimalAt;
+            }
+
+            // Handle the case where getMaximumIntegerDigits() is smaller
+            // than the real number of integer digits.  If this is so, we
+            // output the least significant max integer digits.  For example,
+            // the value 1997 printed with 2 max integer digits is just "97".
+            if (count > maxIntDigits) {
+                count = maxIntDigits;
+                digitIndex = digitList.decimalAt - count;
+            }
+
+            int sizeBeforeIntegerPart = result.length();
+            for (int i=count-1; i>=0; --i) {
+                if (i < digitList.decimalAt && digitIndex < digitList.count) {
+                    // Output a real digit
+                    result.append((char)(digitList.digits[digitIndex++] + zeroDelta));
+                } else {
+                    // Output a leading zero
+                    result.append(zero);
+                }
+
+                // Output grouping separator if necessary.  Don't output a
+                // grouping separator if i==0 though; that's at the end of
+                // the integer part.
+                if (isGroupingUsed() && i>0 && (groupingSize != 0) &&
+                    (i % groupingSize == 0)) {
+                    int gStart = result.length();
+                    result.append(grouping);
+                    delegate.formatted(Field.GROUPING_SEPARATOR,
+                                       Field.GROUPING_SEPARATOR, gStart,
+                                       result.length(), result);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Determine whether or not there are any printable fractional
+            // digits.  If we've used up the digits we know there aren't.
+            boolean fractionPresent = (minFraDigits > 0) ||
+                (!isInteger && digitIndex < digitList.count);
+
+            // If there is no fraction present, and we haven't printed any
+            // integer digits, then print a zero.  Otherwise we won't print
+            // _any_ digits, and we won't be able to parse this string.
+            if (!fractionPresent && result.length() == sizeBeforeIntegerPart) {
+                result.append(zero);
+            }
+
+            delegate.formatted(INTEGER_FIELD, Field.INTEGER, Field.INTEGER,
+                               iFieldStart, result.length(), result);
+
+            // Output the decimal separator if we always do so.
+            int sStart = result.length();
+            if (decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown || fractionPresent) {
+                result.append(decimal);
+            }
+
+            if (sStart != result.length()) {
+                delegate.formatted(Field.DECIMAL_SEPARATOR,
+                                   Field.DECIMAL_SEPARATOR,
+                                   sStart, result.length(), result);
+            }
+            int fFieldStart = result.length();
+
+            for (int i=0; i < maxFraDigits; ++i) {
+                // Here is where we escape from the loop.  We escape if we've
+                // output the maximum fraction digits (specified in the for
+                // expression above).
+                // We also stop when we've output the minimum digits and either:
+                // we have an integer, so there is no fractional stuff to
+                // display, or we're out of significant digits.
+                if (i >= minFraDigits &&
+                    (isInteger || digitIndex >= digitList.count)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // Output leading fractional zeros. These are zeros that come
+                // after the decimal but before any significant digits. These
+                // are only output if abs(number being formatted) < 1.0.
+                if (-1-i > (digitList.decimalAt-1)) {
+                    result.append(zero);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Output a digit, if we have any precision left, or a
+                // zero if we don't.  We don't want to output noise digits.
+                if (!isInteger && digitIndex < digitList.count) {
+                    result.append((char)(digitList.digits[digitIndex++] + zeroDelta));
+                } else {
+                    result.append(zero);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Record field information for caller.
+            delegate.formatted(FRACTION_FIELD, Field.FRACTION, Field.FRACTION,
+                               fFieldStart, result.length(), result);
+        }
+
+        if (isNegative) {
+            append(result, negativeSuffix, delegate,
+                   getNegativeSuffixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+        }
+        else {
+            append(result, positiveSuffix, delegate,
+                   getPositiveSuffixFieldPositions(), Field.SIGN);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends the String <code>string</code> to <code>result</code>.
+     * <code>delegate</code> is notified of all  the
+     * <code>FieldPosition</code>s in <code>positions</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * If one of the <code>FieldPosition</code>s in <code>positions</code>
+     * identifies a <code>SIGN</code> attribute, it is mapped to
+     * <code>signAttribute</code>. This is used
+     * to map the <code>SIGN</code> attribute to the <code>EXPONENT</code>
+     * attribute as necessary.
+     * <p>
+     * This is used by <code>subformat</code> to add the prefix/suffix.
+     */
+    private void append(StringBuffer result, String string,
+                        FieldDelegate delegate,
+                        FieldPosition[] positions,
+                        Format.Field signAttribute) {
+        int start = result.length();
+
+        if (string.length() > 0) {
+            result.append(string);
+            for (int counter = 0, max = positions.length; counter < max;
+                 counter++) {
+                FieldPosition fp = positions[counter];
+                Format.Field attribute = fp.getFieldAttribute();
+
+                if (attribute == Field.SIGN) {
+                    attribute = signAttribute;
+                }
+                delegate.formatted(attribute, attribute,
+                                   start + fp.getBeginIndex(),
+                                   start + fp.getEndIndex(), result);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses text from a string to produce a <code>Number</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * The method attempts to parse text starting at the index given by
+     * <code>pos</code>.
+     * If parsing succeeds, then the index of <code>pos</code> is updated
+     * to the index after the last character used (parsing does not necessarily
+     * use all characters up to the end of the string), and the parsed
+     * number is returned. The updated <code>pos</code> can be used to
+     * indicate the starting point for the next call to this method.
+     * If an error occurs, then the index of <code>pos</code> is not
+     * changed, the error index of <code>pos</code> is set to the index of
+     * the character where the error occurred, and null is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The subclass returned depends on the value of {@link #isParseBigDecimal}
+     * as well as on the string being parsed.
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li>If <code>isParseBigDecimal()</code> is false (the default),
+     *       most integer values are returned as <code>Long</code>
+     *       objects, no matter how they are written: <code>"17"</code> and
+     *       <code>"17.000"</code> both parse to <code>Long(17)</code>.
+     *       Values that cannot fit into a <code>Long</code> are returned as
+     *       <code>Double</code>s. This includes values with a fractional part,
+     *       infinite values, <code>NaN</code>, and the value -0.0.
+     *       <code>DecimalFormat</code> does <em>not</em> decide whether to
+     *       return a <code>Double</code> or a <code>Long</code> based on the
+     *       presence of a decimal separator in the source string. Doing so
+     *       would prevent integers that overflow the mantissa of a double,
+     *       such as <code>"-9,223,372,036,854,775,808.00"</code>, from being
+     *       parsed accurately.
+     *       <p>
+     *       Callers may use the <code>Number</code> methods
+     *       <code>doubleValue</code>, <code>longValue</code>, etc., to obtain
+     *       the type they want.
+     *   <li>If <code>isParseBigDecimal()</code> is true, values are returned
+     *       as <code>BigDecimal</code> objects. The values are the ones
+     *       constructed by {@link java.math.BigDecimal#BigDecimal(String)}
+     *       for corresponding strings in locale-independent format. The
+     *       special cases negative and positive infinity and NaN are returned
+     *       as <code>Double</code> instances holding the values of the
+     *       corresponding <code>Double</code> constants.
+     * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * <code>DecimalFormat</code> parses all Unicode characters that represent
+     * decimal digits, as defined by <code>Character.digit()</code>. In
+     * addition, <code>DecimalFormat</code> also recognizes as digits the ten
+     * consecutive characters starting with the localized zero digit defined in
+     * the <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object.
+     *
+     * @param text the string to be parsed
+     * @param pos  A <code>ParsePosition</code> object with index and error
+     *             index information as described above.
+     * @return     the parsed value, or <code>null</code> if the parse fails
+     * @exception  NullPointerException if <code>text</code> or
+     *             <code>pos</code> is null.
+     */
+    public Number parse(String text, ParsePosition pos) {
+        // special case NaN
+        if (text.regionMatches(pos.index, symbols.getNaN(), 0, symbols.getNaN().length())) {
+            pos.index = pos.index + symbols.getNaN().length();
+            return new Double(Double.NaN);
+        }
+
+        boolean[] status = new boolean[STATUS_LENGTH];
+        if (!subparse(text, pos, positivePrefix, negativePrefix, digitList, false, status)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // special case INFINITY
+        if (status[STATUS_INFINITE]) {
+            if (status[STATUS_POSITIVE] == (multiplier >= 0)) {
+                return new Double(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
+            } else {
+                return new Double(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (multiplier == 0) {
+            if (digitList.isZero()) {
+                return new Double(Double.NaN);
+            } else if (status[STATUS_POSITIVE]) {
+                return new Double(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
+            } else {
+                return new Double(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (isParseBigDecimal()) {
+            BigDecimal bigDecimalResult = digitList.getBigDecimal();
+
+            if (multiplier != 1) {
+                try {
+                    bigDecimalResult = bigDecimalResult.divide(getBigDecimalMultiplier());
+                }
+                catch (ArithmeticException e) {  // non-terminating decimal expansion
+                    bigDecimalResult = bigDecimalResult.divide(getBigDecimalMultiplier(), roundingMode);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!status[STATUS_POSITIVE]) {
+                bigDecimalResult = bigDecimalResult.negate();
+            }
+            return bigDecimalResult;
+        } else {
+            boolean gotDouble = true;
+            boolean gotLongMinimum = false;
+            double  doubleResult = 0.0;
+            long    longResult = 0;
+
+            // Finally, have DigitList parse the digits into a value.
+            if (digitList.fitsIntoLong(status[STATUS_POSITIVE], isParseIntegerOnly())) {
+                gotDouble = false;
+                longResult = digitList.getLong();
+                if (longResult < 0) {  // got Long.MIN_VALUE
+                    gotLongMinimum = true;
+                }
+            } else {
+                doubleResult = digitList.getDouble();
+            }
+
+            // Divide by multiplier. We have to be careful here not to do
+            // unneeded conversions between double and long.
+            if (multiplier != 1) {
+                if (gotDouble) {
+                    doubleResult /= multiplier;
+                } else {
+                    // Avoid converting to double if we can
+                    if (longResult % multiplier == 0) {
+                        longResult /= multiplier;
+                    } else {
+                        doubleResult = ((double)longResult) / multiplier;
+                        gotDouble = true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!status[STATUS_POSITIVE] && !gotLongMinimum) {
+                doubleResult = -doubleResult;
+                longResult = -longResult;
+            }
+
+            // At this point, if we divided the result by the multiplier, the
+            // result may fit into a long.  We check for this case and return
+            // a long if possible.
+            // We must do this AFTER applying the negative (if appropriate)
+            // in order to handle the case of LONG_MIN; otherwise, if we do
+            // this with a positive value -LONG_MIN, the double is > 0, but
+            // the long is < 0. We also must retain a double in the case of
+            // -0.0, which will compare as == to a long 0 cast to a double
+            // (bug 4162852).
+            if (multiplier != 1 && gotDouble) {
+                longResult = (long)doubleResult;
+                gotDouble = ((doubleResult != (double)longResult) ||
+                            (doubleResult == 0.0 && 1/doubleResult < 0.0)) &&
+                            !isParseIntegerOnly();
+            }
+
+            return gotDouble ?
+                (Number)new Double(doubleResult) : (Number)new Long(longResult);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return a BigInteger multiplier.
+     */
+    private BigInteger getBigIntegerMultiplier() {
+        if (bigIntegerMultiplier == null) {
+            bigIntegerMultiplier = BigInteger.valueOf(multiplier);
+        }
+        return bigIntegerMultiplier;
+    }
+    private transient BigInteger bigIntegerMultiplier;
+
+    /**
+     * Return a BigDecimal multiplier.
+     */
+    private BigDecimal getBigDecimalMultiplier() {
+        if (bigDecimalMultiplier == null) {
+            bigDecimalMultiplier = new BigDecimal(multiplier);
+        }
+        return bigDecimalMultiplier;
+    }
+    private transient BigDecimal bigDecimalMultiplier;
+
+    private static final int STATUS_INFINITE = 0;
+    private static final int STATUS_POSITIVE = 1;
+    private static final int STATUS_LENGTH   = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Parse the given text into a number.  The text is parsed beginning at
+     * parsePosition, until an unparseable character is seen.
+     * @param text The string to parse.
+     * @param parsePosition The position at which to being parsing.  Upon
+     * return, the first unparseable character.
+     * @param digits The DigitList to set to the parsed value.
+     * @param isExponent If true, parse an exponent.  This means no
+     * infinite values and integer only.
+     * @param status Upon return contains boolean status flags indicating
+     * whether the value was infinite and whether it was positive.
+     */
+    private final boolean subparse(String text, ParsePosition parsePosition,
+                   String positivePrefix, String negativePrefix,
+                   DigitList digits, boolean isExponent,
+                   boolean status[]) {
+        int position = parsePosition.index;
+        int oldStart = parsePosition.index;
+        int backup;
+        boolean gotPositive, gotNegative;
+
+        // check for positivePrefix; take longest
+        gotPositive = text.regionMatches(position, positivePrefix, 0,
+                                         positivePrefix.length());
+        gotNegative = text.regionMatches(position, negativePrefix, 0,
+                                         negativePrefix.length());
+
+        if (gotPositive && gotNegative) {
+            if (positivePrefix.length() > negativePrefix.length()) {
+                gotNegative = false;
+            } else if (positivePrefix.length() < negativePrefix.length()) {
+                gotPositive = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (gotPositive) {
+            position += positivePrefix.length();
+        } else if (gotNegative) {
+            position += negativePrefix.length();
+        } else {
+            parsePosition.errorIndex = position;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // process digits or Inf, find decimal position
+        status[STATUS_INFINITE] = false;
+        if (!isExponent && text.regionMatches(position,symbols.getInfinity(),0,
+                          symbols.getInfinity().length())) {
+            position += symbols.getInfinity().length();
+            status[STATUS_INFINITE] = true;
+        } else {
+            // We now have a string of digits, possibly with grouping symbols,
+            // and decimal points.  We want to process these into a DigitList.
+            // We don't want to put a bunch of leading zeros into the DigitList
+            // though, so we keep track of the location of the decimal point,
+            // put only significant digits into the DigitList, and adjust the
+            // exponent as needed.
+
+            digits.decimalAt = digits.count = 0;
+            char zero = symbols.getZeroDigit();
+            char decimal = isCurrencyFormat ?
+                symbols.getMonetaryDecimalSeparator() :
+                symbols.getDecimalSeparator();
+            char grouping = symbols.getGroupingSeparator();
+            String exponentString = symbols.getExponentSeparator();
+            boolean sawDecimal = false;
+            boolean sawExponent = false;
+            boolean sawDigit = false;
+            int exponent = 0; // Set to the exponent value, if any
+
+            // We have to track digitCount ourselves, because digits.count will
+            // pin when the maximum allowable digits is reached.
+            int digitCount = 0;
+
+            backup = -1;
+            for (; position < text.length(); ++position) {
+                char ch = text.charAt(position);
+
+                /* We recognize all digit ranges, not only the Latin digit range
+                 * '0'..'9'.  We do so by using the Character.digit() method,
+                 * which converts a valid Unicode digit to the range 0..9.
+                 *
+                 * The character 'ch' may be a digit.  If so, place its value
+                 * from 0 to 9 in 'digit'.  First try using the locale digit,
+                 * which may or MAY NOT be a standard Unicode digit range.  If
+                 * this fails, try using the standard Unicode digit ranges by
+                 * calling Character.digit().  If this also fails, digit will
+                 * have a value outside the range 0..9.
+                 */
+                int digit = ch - zero;
+                if (digit < 0 || digit > 9) {
+                    digit = Character.digit(ch, 10);
+                }
+
+                if (digit == 0) {
+                    // Cancel out backup setting (see grouping handler below)
+                    backup = -1; // Do this BEFORE continue statement below!!!
+                    sawDigit = true;
+
+                    // Handle leading zeros
+                    if (digits.count == 0) {
+                        // Ignore leading zeros in integer part of number.
+                        if (!sawDecimal) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        // If we have seen the decimal, but no significant
+                        // digits yet, then we account for leading zeros by
+                        // decrementing the digits.decimalAt into negative
+                        // values.
+                        --digits.decimalAt;
+                    } else {
+                        ++digitCount;
+                        digits.append((char)(digit + '0'));
+                    }
+                } else if (digit > 0 && digit <= 9) { // [sic] digit==0 handled above
+                    sawDigit = true;
+                    ++digitCount;
+                    digits.append((char)(digit + '0'));
+
+                    // Cancel out backup setting (see grouping handler below)
+                    backup = -1;
+                } else if (!isExponent && ch == decimal) {
+                    // If we're only parsing integers, or if we ALREADY saw the
+                    // decimal, then don't parse this one.
+                    if (isParseIntegerOnly() || sawDecimal) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    digits.decimalAt = digitCount; // Not digits.count!
+                    sawDecimal = true;
+                } else if (!isExponent && ch == grouping && isGroupingUsed()) {
+                    if (sawDecimal) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    // Ignore grouping characters, if we are using them, but
+                    // require that they be followed by a digit.  Otherwise
+                    // we backup and reprocess them.
+                    backup = position;
+                } else if (!isExponent && text.regionMatches(position, exponentString, 0, exponentString.length())
+                             && !sawExponent) {
+                    // Process the exponent by recursively calling this method.
+                     ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(position + exponentString.length());
+                    boolean[] stat = new boolean[STATUS_LENGTH];
+                    DigitList exponentDigits = new DigitList();
+
+                    if (subparse(text, pos, "", Character.toString(symbols.getMinusSign()), exponentDigits, true, stat) &&
+                        exponentDigits.fitsIntoLong(stat[STATUS_POSITIVE], true)) {
+                        position = pos.index; // Advance past the exponent
+                        exponent = (int)exponentDigits.getLong();
+                        if (!stat[STATUS_POSITIVE]) {
+                            exponent = -exponent;
+                        }
+                        sawExponent = true;
+                    }
+                    break; // Whether we fail or succeed, we exit this loop
+                }
+                else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (backup != -1) {
+                position = backup;
+            }
+
+            // If there was no decimal point we have an integer
+            if (!sawDecimal) {
+                digits.decimalAt = digitCount; // Not digits.count!
+            }
+
+            // Adjust for exponent, if any
+            digits.decimalAt += exponent;
+
+            // If none of the text string was recognized.  For example, parse
+            // "x" with pattern "#0.00" (return index and error index both 0)
+            // parse "$" with pattern "$#0.00". (return index 0 and error
+            // index 1).
+            if (!sawDigit && digitCount == 0) {
+                parsePosition.index = oldStart;
+                parsePosition.errorIndex = oldStart;
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // check for suffix
+        if (!isExponent) {
+            if (gotPositive) {
+                gotPositive = text.regionMatches(position,positiveSuffix,0,
+                                                 positiveSuffix.length());
+            }
+            if (gotNegative) {
+                gotNegative = text.regionMatches(position,negativeSuffix,0,
+                                                 negativeSuffix.length());
+            }
+
+        // if both match, take longest
+        if (gotPositive && gotNegative) {
+            if (positiveSuffix.length() > negativeSuffix.length()) {
+                gotNegative = false;
+            } else if (positiveSuffix.length() < negativeSuffix.length()) {
+                gotPositive = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // fail if neither or both
+        if (gotPositive == gotNegative) {
+            parsePosition.errorIndex = position;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        parsePosition.index = position +
+            (gotPositive ? positiveSuffix.length() : negativeSuffix.length()); // mark success!
+        } else {
+            parsePosition.index = position;
+        }
+
+        status[STATUS_POSITIVE] = gotPositive;
+        if (parsePosition.index == oldStart) {
+            parsePosition.errorIndex = position;
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a copy of the decimal format symbols, which is generally not
+     * changed by the programmer or user.
+     * @return a copy of the desired DecimalFormatSymbols
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols
+     */
+    public DecimalFormatSymbols getDecimalFormatSymbols() {
+        try {
+            // don't allow multiple references
+            return (DecimalFormatSymbols) symbols.clone();
+        } catch (Exception foo) {
+            return null; // should never happen
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the decimal format symbols, which is generally not changed
+     * by the programmer or user.
+     * @param newSymbols desired DecimalFormatSymbols
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols
+     */
+    public void setDecimalFormatSymbols(DecimalFormatSymbols newSymbols) {
+        try {
+            // don't allow multiple references
+            symbols = (DecimalFormatSymbols) newSymbols.clone();
+            expandAffixes();
+        } catch (Exception foo) {
+            // should never happen
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the positive prefix.
+     * <P>Examples: +123, $123, sFr123
+     */
+    public String getPositivePrefix () {
+        return positivePrefix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the positive prefix.
+     * <P>Examples: +123, $123, sFr123
+     */
+    public void setPositivePrefix (String newValue) {
+        positivePrefix = newValue;
+        posPrefixPattern = null;
+        positivePrefixFieldPositions = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the FieldPositions of the fields in the prefix used for
+     * positive numbers. This is not used if the user has explicitly set
+     * a positive prefix via <code>setPositivePrefix</code>. This is
+     * lazily created.
+     *
+     * @return FieldPositions in positive prefix
+     */
+    private FieldPosition[] getPositivePrefixFieldPositions() {
+        if (positivePrefixFieldPositions == null) {
+            if (posPrefixPattern != null) {
+                positivePrefixFieldPositions = expandAffix(posPrefixPattern);
+            }
+            else {
+                positivePrefixFieldPositions = EmptyFieldPositionArray;
+            }
+        }
+        return positivePrefixFieldPositions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the negative prefix.
+     * <P>Examples: -123, ($123) (with negative suffix), sFr-123
+     */
+    public String getNegativePrefix () {
+        return negativePrefix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the negative prefix.
+     * <P>Examples: -123, ($123) (with negative suffix), sFr-123
+     */
+    public void setNegativePrefix (String newValue) {
+        negativePrefix = newValue;
+        negPrefixPattern = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the FieldPositions of the fields in the prefix used for
+     * negative numbers. This is not used if the user has explicitly set
+     * a negative prefix via <code>setNegativePrefix</code>. This is
+     * lazily created.
+     *
+     * @return FieldPositions in positive prefix
+     */
+    private FieldPosition[] getNegativePrefixFieldPositions() {
+        if (negativePrefixFieldPositions == null) {
+            if (negPrefixPattern != null) {
+                negativePrefixFieldPositions = expandAffix(negPrefixPattern);
+            }
+            else {
+                negativePrefixFieldPositions = EmptyFieldPositionArray;
+            }
+        }
+        return negativePrefixFieldPositions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the positive suffix.
+     * <P>Example: 123%
+     */
+    public String getPositiveSuffix () {
+        return positiveSuffix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the positive suffix.
+     * <P>Example: 123%
+     */
+    public void setPositiveSuffix (String newValue) {
+        positiveSuffix = newValue;
+        posSuffixPattern = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the FieldPositions of the fields in the suffix used for
+     * positive numbers. This is not used if the user has explicitly set
+     * a positive suffix via <code>setPositiveSuffix</code>. This is
+     * lazily created.
+     *
+     * @return FieldPositions in positive prefix
+     */
+    private FieldPosition[] getPositiveSuffixFieldPositions() {
+        if (positiveSuffixFieldPositions == null) {
+            if (posSuffixPattern != null) {
+                positiveSuffixFieldPositions = expandAffix(posSuffixPattern);
+            }
+            else {
+                positiveSuffixFieldPositions = EmptyFieldPositionArray;
+            }
+        }
+        return positiveSuffixFieldPositions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the negative suffix.
+     * <P>Examples: -123%, ($123) (with positive suffixes)
+     */
+    public String getNegativeSuffix () {
+        return negativeSuffix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the negative suffix.
+     * <P>Examples: 123%
+     */
+    public void setNegativeSuffix (String newValue) {
+        negativeSuffix = newValue;
+        negSuffixPattern = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the FieldPositions of the fields in the suffix used for
+     * negative numbers. This is not used if the user has explicitly set
+     * a negative suffix via <code>setNegativeSuffix</code>. This is
+     * lazily created.
+     *
+     * @return FieldPositions in positive prefix
+     */
+    private FieldPosition[] getNegativeSuffixFieldPositions() {
+        if (negativeSuffixFieldPositions == null) {
+            if (negSuffixPattern != null) {
+                negativeSuffixFieldPositions = expandAffix(negSuffixPattern);
+            }
+            else {
+                negativeSuffixFieldPositions = EmptyFieldPositionArray;
+            }
+        }
+        return negativeSuffixFieldPositions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the multiplier for use in percent, per mille, and similar
+     * formats.
+     *
+     * @see #setMultiplier(int)
+     */
+    public int getMultiplier () {
+        return multiplier;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the multiplier for use in percent, per mille, and similar
+     * formats.
+     * For a percent format, set the multiplier to 100 and the suffixes to
+     * have '%' (for Arabic, use the Arabic percent sign).
+     * For a per mille format, set the multiplier to 1000 and the suffixes to
+     * have '&#92;u2030'.
+     *
+     * <P>Example: with multiplier 100, 1.23 is formatted as "123", and
+     * "123" is parsed into 1.23.
+     *
+     * @see #getMultiplier
+     */
+    public void setMultiplier (int newValue) {
+        multiplier = newValue;
+        bigDecimalMultiplier = null;
+        bigIntegerMultiplier = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the grouping size. Grouping size is the number of digits between
+     * grouping separators in the integer portion of a number.  For example,
+     * in the number "123,456.78", the grouping size is 3.
+     * @see #setGroupingSize
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#isGroupingUsed
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols#getGroupingSeparator
+     */
+    public int getGroupingSize () {
+        return groupingSize;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the grouping size. Grouping size is the number of digits between
+     * grouping separators in the integer portion of a number.  For example,
+     * in the number "123,456.78", the grouping size is 3.
+     * <br>
+     * The value passed in is converted to a byte, which may lose information.
+     * @see #getGroupingSize
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#setGroupingUsed
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols#setGroupingSeparator
+     */
+    public void setGroupingSize (int newValue) {
+        groupingSize = (byte)newValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows you to get the behavior of the decimal separator with integers.
+     * (The decimal separator will always appear with decimals.)
+     * <P>Example: Decimal ON: 12345 -> 12345.; OFF: 12345 -> 12345
+     */
+    public boolean isDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown() {
+        return decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows you to set the behavior of the decimal separator with integers.
+     * (The decimal separator will always appear with decimals.)
+     * <P>Example: Decimal ON: 12345 -> 12345.; OFF: 12345 -> 12345
+     */
+    public void setDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown(boolean newValue) {
+        decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown = newValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether the {@link #parse(java.lang.String, java.text.ParsePosition)}
+     * method returns <code>BigDecimal</code>. The default value is false.
+     * @see #setParseBigDecimal
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public boolean isParseBigDecimal() {
+        return parseBigDecimal;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets whether the {@link #parse(java.lang.String, java.text.ParsePosition)}
+     * method returns <code>BigDecimal</code>.
+     * @see #isParseBigDecimal
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public void setParseBigDecimal(boolean newValue) {
+        parseBigDecimal = newValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Standard override; no change in semantics.
+     */
+    public Object clone() {
+        try {
+            DecimalFormat other = (DecimalFormat) super.clone();
+            other.symbols = (DecimalFormatSymbols) symbols.clone();
+            other.digitList = (DigitList) digitList.clone();
+            return other;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new InternalError();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overrides equals
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object obj)
+    {
+        if (obj == null) return false;
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) return false; // super does class check
+        DecimalFormat other = (DecimalFormat) obj;
+        return ((posPrefixPattern == other.posPrefixPattern &&
+                 positivePrefix.equals(other.positivePrefix))
+                || (posPrefixPattern != null &&
+                    posPrefixPattern.equals(other.posPrefixPattern)))
+            && ((posSuffixPattern == other.posSuffixPattern &&
+                 positiveSuffix.equals(other.positiveSuffix))
+                || (posSuffixPattern != null &&
+                    posSuffixPattern.equals(other.posSuffixPattern)))
+            && ((negPrefixPattern == other.negPrefixPattern &&
+                 negativePrefix.equals(other.negativePrefix))
+                || (negPrefixPattern != null &&
+                    negPrefixPattern.equals(other.negPrefixPattern)))
+            && ((negSuffixPattern == other.negSuffixPattern &&
+                 negativeSuffix.equals(other.negativeSuffix))
+                || (negSuffixPattern != null &&
+                    negSuffixPattern.equals(other.negSuffixPattern)))
+            && multiplier == other.multiplier
+            && groupingSize == other.groupingSize
+            && decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown == other.decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown
+            && parseBigDecimal == other.parseBigDecimal
+            && useExponentialNotation == other.useExponentialNotation
+            && (!useExponentialNotation ||
+                minExponentDigits == other.minExponentDigits)
+            && maximumIntegerDigits == other.maximumIntegerDigits
+            && minimumIntegerDigits == other.minimumIntegerDigits
+            && maximumFractionDigits == other.maximumFractionDigits
+            && minimumFractionDigits == other.minimumFractionDigits
+            && roundingMode == other.roundingMode
+            && symbols.equals(other.symbols);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overrides hashCode
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return super.hashCode() * 37 + positivePrefix.hashCode();
+        // just enough fields for a reasonable distribution
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Synthesizes a pattern string that represents the current state
+     * of this Format object.
+     * @see #applyPattern
+     */
+    public String toPattern() {
+        return toPattern( false );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Synthesizes a localized pattern string that represents the current
+     * state of this Format object.
+     * @see #applyPattern
+     */
+    public String toLocalizedPattern() {
+        return toPattern( true );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expand the affix pattern strings into the expanded affix strings.  If any
+     * affix pattern string is null, do not expand it.  This method should be
+     * called any time the symbols or the affix patterns change in order to keep
+     * the expanded affix strings up to date.
+     */
+    private void expandAffixes() {
+        // Reuse one StringBuffer for better performance
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
+        if (posPrefixPattern != null) {
+            positivePrefix = expandAffix(posPrefixPattern, buffer);
+            positivePrefixFieldPositions = null;
+        }
+        if (posSuffixPattern != null) {
+            positiveSuffix = expandAffix(posSuffixPattern, buffer);
+            positiveSuffixFieldPositions = null;
+        }
+        if (negPrefixPattern != null) {
+            negativePrefix = expandAffix(negPrefixPattern, buffer);
+            negativePrefixFieldPositions = null;
+        }
+        if (negSuffixPattern != null) {
+            negativeSuffix = expandAffix(negSuffixPattern, buffer);
+            negativeSuffixFieldPositions = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expand an affix pattern into an affix string.  All characters in the
+     * pattern are literal unless prefixed by QUOTE.  The following characters
+     * after QUOTE are recognized: PATTERN_PERCENT, PATTERN_PER_MILLE,
+     * PATTERN_MINUS, and CURRENCY_SIGN.  If CURRENCY_SIGN is doubled (QUOTE +
+     * CURRENCY_SIGN + CURRENCY_SIGN), it is interpreted as an ISO 4217
+     * currency code.  Any other character after a QUOTE represents itself.
+     * QUOTE must be followed by another character; QUOTE may not occur by
+     * itself at the end of the pattern.
+     *
+     * @param pattern the non-null, possibly empty pattern
+     * @param buffer a scratch StringBuffer; its contents will be lost
+     * @return the expanded equivalent of pattern
+     */
+    private String expandAffix(String pattern, StringBuffer buffer) {
+        buffer.setLength(0);
+        for (int i=0; i<pattern.length(); ) {
+            char c = pattern.charAt(i++);
+            if (c == QUOTE) {
+                c = pattern.charAt(i++);
+                switch (c) {
+                case CURRENCY_SIGN:
+                    if (i<pattern.length() &&
+                        pattern.charAt(i) == CURRENCY_SIGN) {
+                        ++i;
+                        buffer.append(symbols.getInternationalCurrencySymbol());
+                    } else {
+                        buffer.append(symbols.getCurrencySymbol());
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                case PATTERN_PERCENT:
+                    c = symbols.getPercent();
+                    break;
+                case PATTERN_PER_MILLE:
+                    c = symbols.getPerMill();
+                    break;
+                case PATTERN_MINUS:
+                    c = symbols.getMinusSign();
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            buffer.append(c);
+        }
+        return buffer.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expand an affix pattern into an array of FieldPositions describing
+     * how the pattern would be expanded.
+     * All characters in the
+     * pattern are literal unless prefixed by QUOTE.  The following characters
+     * after QUOTE are recognized: PATTERN_PERCENT, PATTERN_PER_MILLE,
+     * PATTERN_MINUS, and CURRENCY_SIGN.  If CURRENCY_SIGN is doubled (QUOTE +
+     * CURRENCY_SIGN + CURRENCY_SIGN), it is interpreted as an ISO 4217
+     * currency code.  Any other character after a QUOTE represents itself.
+     * QUOTE must be followed by another character; QUOTE may not occur by
+     * itself at the end of the pattern.
+     *
+     * @param pattern the non-null, possibly empty pattern
+     * @return FieldPosition array of the resulting fields.
+     */
+    private FieldPosition[] expandAffix(String pattern) {
+        ArrayList positions = null;
+        int stringIndex = 0;
+        for (int i=0; i<pattern.length(); ) {
+            char c = pattern.charAt(i++);
+            if (c == QUOTE) {
+                int field = -1;
+                Format.Field fieldID = null;
+                c = pattern.charAt(i++);
+                switch (c) {
+                case CURRENCY_SIGN:
+                    String string;
+                    if (i<pattern.length() &&
+                        pattern.charAt(i) == CURRENCY_SIGN) {
+                        ++i;
+                        string = symbols.getInternationalCurrencySymbol();
+                    } else {
+                        string = symbols.getCurrencySymbol();
+                    }
+                    if (string.length() > 0) {
+                        if (positions == null) {
+                            positions = new ArrayList(2);
+                        }
+                        FieldPosition fp = new FieldPosition(Field.CURRENCY);
+                        fp.setBeginIndex(stringIndex);
+                        fp.setEndIndex(stringIndex + string.length());
+                        positions.add(fp);
+                        stringIndex += string.length();
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                case PATTERN_PERCENT:
+                    c = symbols.getPercent();
+                    field = -1;
+                    fieldID = Field.PERCENT;
+                    break;
+                case PATTERN_PER_MILLE:
+                    c = symbols.getPerMill();
+                    field = -1;
+                    fieldID = Field.PERMILLE;
+                    break;
+                case PATTERN_MINUS:
+                    c = symbols.getMinusSign();
+                    field = -1;
+                    fieldID = Field.SIGN;
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (fieldID != null) {
+                    if (positions == null) {
+                        positions = new ArrayList(2);
+                    }
+                    FieldPosition fp = new FieldPosition(fieldID, field);
+                    fp.setBeginIndex(stringIndex);
+                    fp.setEndIndex(stringIndex + 1);
+                    positions.add(fp);
+                }
+            }
+            stringIndex++;
+        }
+        if (positions != null) {
+            return (FieldPosition[])positions.toArray(EmptyFieldPositionArray);
+        }
+        return EmptyFieldPositionArray;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends an affix pattern to the given StringBuffer, quoting special
+     * characters as needed.  Uses the internal affix pattern, if that exists,
+     * or the literal affix, if the internal affix pattern is null.  The
+     * appended string will generate the same affix pattern (or literal affix)
+     * when passed to toPattern().
+     *
+     * @param buffer the affix string is appended to this
+     * @param affixPattern a pattern such as posPrefixPattern; may be null
+     * @param expAffix a corresponding expanded affix, such as positivePrefix.
+     * Ignored unless affixPattern is null.  If affixPattern is null, then
+     * expAffix is appended as a literal affix.
+     * @param localized true if the appended pattern should contain localized
+     * pattern characters; otherwise, non-localized pattern chars are appended
+     */
+    private void appendAffix(StringBuffer buffer, String affixPattern,
+                             String expAffix, boolean localized) {
+        if (affixPattern == null) {
+            appendAffix(buffer, expAffix, localized);
+        } else {
+            int i;
+            for (int pos=0; pos<affixPattern.length(); pos=i) {
+                i = affixPattern.indexOf(QUOTE, pos);
+                if (i < 0) {
+                    appendAffix(buffer, affixPattern.substring(pos), localized);
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (i > pos) {
+                    appendAffix(buffer, affixPattern.substring(pos, i), localized);
+                }
+                char c = affixPattern.charAt(++i);
+                ++i;
+                if (c == QUOTE) {
+                    buffer.append(c);
+                    // Fall through and append another QUOTE below
+                } else if (c == CURRENCY_SIGN &&
+                           i<affixPattern.length() &&
+                           affixPattern.charAt(i) == CURRENCY_SIGN) {
+                    ++i;
+                    buffer.append(c);
+                    // Fall through and append another CURRENCY_SIGN below
+                } else if (localized) {
+                    switch (c) {
+                    case PATTERN_PERCENT:
+                        c = symbols.getPercent();
+                        break;
+                    case PATTERN_PER_MILLE:
+                        c = symbols.getPerMill();
+                        break;
+                    case PATTERN_MINUS:
+                        c = symbols.getMinusSign();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                buffer.append(c);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Append an affix to the given StringBuffer, using quotes if
+     * there are special characters.  Single quotes themselves must be
+     * escaped in either case.
+     */
+    private void appendAffix(StringBuffer buffer, String affix, boolean localized) {
+        boolean needQuote;
+        if (localized) {
+            needQuote = affix.indexOf(symbols.getZeroDigit()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getGroupingSeparator()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getDecimalSeparator()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getPercent()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getPerMill()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getDigit()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getPatternSeparator()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(symbols.getMinusSign()) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(CURRENCY_SIGN) >= 0;
+        }
+        else {
+            needQuote = affix.indexOf(PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_GROUPING_SEPARATOR) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_PERCENT) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_PER_MILLE) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_DIGIT) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_SEPARATOR) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(PATTERN_MINUS) >= 0
+                || affix.indexOf(CURRENCY_SIGN) >= 0;
+        }
+        if (needQuote) buffer.append('\'');
+        if (affix.indexOf('\'') < 0) buffer.append(affix);
+        else {
+            for (int j=0; j<affix.length(); ++j) {
+                char c = affix.charAt(j);
+                buffer.append(c);
+                if (c == '\'') buffer.append(c);
+            }
+        }
+        if (needQuote) buffer.append('\'');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does the real work of generating a pattern.  */
+    private String toPattern(boolean localized) {
+        StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
+        for (int j = 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+            if (j == 1)
+                appendAffix(result, posPrefixPattern, positivePrefix, localized);
+            else appendAffix(result, negPrefixPattern, negativePrefix, localized);
+            int i;
+            int digitCount = useExponentialNotation
+                        ? getMaximumIntegerDigits()
+                        : Math.max(groupingSize, getMinimumIntegerDigits())+1;
+            for (i = digitCount; i > 0; --i) {
+                if (i != digitCount && isGroupingUsed() && groupingSize != 0 &&
+                    i % groupingSize == 0) {
+                    result.append(localized ? symbols.getGroupingSeparator() :
+                                  PATTERN_GROUPING_SEPARATOR);
+                }
+                result.append(i <= getMinimumIntegerDigits()
+                    ? (localized ? symbols.getZeroDigit() : PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT)
+                    : (localized ? symbols.getDigit() : PATTERN_DIGIT));
+            }
+            if (getMaximumFractionDigits() > 0 || decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown)
+                result.append(localized ? symbols.getDecimalSeparator() :
+                              PATTERN_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR);
+            for (i = 0; i < getMaximumFractionDigits(); ++i) {
+                if (i < getMinimumFractionDigits()) {
+                    result.append(localized ? symbols.getZeroDigit() :
+                                  PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT);
+                } else {
+                    result.append(localized ? symbols.getDigit() :
+                                  PATTERN_DIGIT);
+                }
+            }
+        if (useExponentialNotation)
+        {
+            result.append(localized ? symbols.getExponentSeparator() :
+                  PATTERN_EXPONENT);
+        for (i=0; i<minExponentDigits; ++i)
+                    result.append(localized ? symbols.getZeroDigit() :
+                                  PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT);
+        }
+            if (j == 1) {
+                appendAffix(result, posSuffixPattern, positiveSuffix, localized);
+                if ((negSuffixPattern == posSuffixPattern && // n == p == null
+                     negativeSuffix.equals(positiveSuffix))
+                    || (negSuffixPattern != null &&
+                        negSuffixPattern.equals(posSuffixPattern))) {
+                    if ((negPrefixPattern != null && posPrefixPattern != null &&
+                         negPrefixPattern.equals("'-" + posPrefixPattern)) ||
+                        (negPrefixPattern == posPrefixPattern && // n == p == null
+                         negativePrefix.equals(symbols.getMinusSign() + positivePrefix)))
+                        break;
+                }
+                result.append(localized ? symbols.getPatternSeparator() :
+                              PATTERN_SEPARATOR);
+            } else appendAffix(result, negSuffixPattern, negativeSuffix, localized);
+        }
+        return result.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Apply the given pattern to this Format object.  A pattern is a
+     * short-hand specification for the various formatting properties.
+     * These properties can also be changed individually through the
+     * various setter methods.
+     * <p>
+     * There is no limit to integer digits set
+     * by this routine, since that is the typical end-user desire;
+     * use setMaximumInteger if you want to set a real value.
+     * For negative numbers, use a second pattern, separated by a semicolon
+     * <P>Example <code>"#,#00.0#"</code> -> 1,234.56
+     * <P>This means a minimum of 2 integer digits, 1 fraction digit, and
+     * a maximum of 2 fraction digits.
+     * <p>Example: <code>"#,#00.0#;(#,#00.0#)"</code> for negatives in
+     * parentheses.
+     * <p>In negative patterns, the minimum and maximum counts are ignored;
+     * these are presumed to be set in the positive pattern.
+     *
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>pattern</code> is null
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the given pattern is invalid.
+     */
+    public void applyPattern(String pattern) {
+        applyPattern(pattern, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Apply the given pattern to this Format object.  The pattern
+     * is assumed to be in a localized notation. A pattern is a
+     * short-hand specification for the various formatting properties.
+     * These properties can also be changed individually through the
+     * various setter methods.
+     * <p>
+     * There is no limit to integer digits set
+     * by this routine, since that is the typical end-user desire;
+     * use setMaximumInteger if you want to set a real value.
+     * For negative numbers, use a second pattern, separated by a semicolon
+     * <P>Example <code>"#,#00.0#"</code> -> 1,234.56
+     * <P>This means a minimum of 2 integer digits, 1 fraction digit, and
+     * a maximum of 2 fraction digits.
+     * <p>Example: <code>"#,#00.0#;(#,#00.0#)"</code> for negatives in
+     * parentheses.
+     * <p>In negative patterns, the minimum and maximum counts are ignored;
+     * these are presumed to be set in the positive pattern.
+     *
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>pattern</code> is null
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the given pattern is invalid.
+     */
+    public void applyLocalizedPattern(String pattern) {
+        applyPattern(pattern, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does the real work of applying a pattern.
+     */
+    private void applyPattern(String pattern, boolean localized) {
+        char zeroDigit         = PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT;
+        char groupingSeparator = PATTERN_GROUPING_SEPARATOR;
+        char decimalSeparator  = PATTERN_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR;
+        char percent           = PATTERN_PERCENT;
+        char perMill           = PATTERN_PER_MILLE;
+        char digit             = PATTERN_DIGIT;
+        char separator         = PATTERN_SEPARATOR;
+        String exponent          = PATTERN_EXPONENT;
+        char minus             = PATTERN_MINUS;
+        if (localized) {
+            zeroDigit         = symbols.getZeroDigit();
+            groupingSeparator = symbols.getGroupingSeparator();
+            decimalSeparator  = symbols.getDecimalSeparator();
+            percent           = symbols.getPercent();
+            perMill           = symbols.getPerMill();
+            digit             = symbols.getDigit();
+            separator         = symbols.getPatternSeparator();
+            exponent          = symbols.getExponentSeparator();
+            minus             = symbols.getMinusSign();
+        }
+        boolean gotNegative = false;
+        decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown = false;
+        isCurrencyFormat = false;
+        useExponentialNotation = false;
+
+        // Two variables are used to record the subrange of the pattern
+        // occupied by phase 1.  This is used during the processing of the
+        // second pattern (the one representing negative numbers) to ensure
+        // that no deviation exists in phase 1 between the two patterns.
+        int phaseOneStart = 0;
+        int phaseOneLength = 0;
+
+        int start = 0;
+        for (int j = 1; j >= 0 && start < pattern.length(); --j) {
+            boolean inQuote = false;
+            StringBuffer prefix = new StringBuffer();
+            StringBuffer suffix = new StringBuffer();
+            int decimalPos = -1;
+            int multiplier = 1;
+            int digitLeftCount = 0, zeroDigitCount = 0, digitRightCount = 0;
+            byte groupingCount = -1;
+
+            // The phase ranges from 0 to 2.  Phase 0 is the prefix.  Phase 1 is
+            // the section of the pattern with digits, decimal separator,
+            // grouping characters.  Phase 2 is the suffix.  In phases 0 and 2,
+            // percent, per mille, and currency symbols are recognized and
+            // translated.  The separation of the characters into phases is
+            // strictly enforced; if phase 1 characters are to appear in the
+            // suffix, for example, they must be quoted.
+            int phase = 0;
+
+            // The affix is either the prefix or the suffix.
+            StringBuffer affix = prefix;
+
+            for (int pos = start; pos < pattern.length(); ++pos) {
+                char ch = pattern.charAt(pos);
+                switch (phase) {
+                case 0:
+                case 2:
+                    // Process the prefix / suffix characters
+                    if (inQuote) {
+                        // A quote within quotes indicates either the closing
+                        // quote or two quotes, which is a quote literal. That
+                        // is, we have the second quote in 'do' or 'don''t'.
+                        if (ch == QUOTE) {
+                            if ((pos+1) < pattern.length() &&
+                                pattern.charAt(pos+1) == QUOTE) {
+                                ++pos;
+                                affix.append("''"); // 'don''t'
+                            } else {
+                                inQuote = false; // 'do'
+                            }
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // Process unquoted characters seen in prefix or suffix
+                        // phase.
+                        if (ch == digit ||
+                            ch == zeroDigit ||
+                            ch == groupingSeparator ||
+                            ch == decimalSeparator) {
+                            phase = 1;
+                            if (j == 1) {
+                                phaseOneStart = pos;
+                            }
+                            --pos; // Reprocess this character
+                            continue;
+                        } else if (ch == CURRENCY_SIGN) {
+                            // Use lookahead to determine if the currency sign
+                            // is doubled or not.
+                            boolean doubled = (pos + 1) < pattern.length() &&
+                                pattern.charAt(pos + 1) == CURRENCY_SIGN;
+                            if (doubled) { // Skip over the doubled character
+                             ++pos;
+                            }
+                            isCurrencyFormat = true;
+                            affix.append(doubled ? "'\u00A4\u00A4" : "'\u00A4");
+                            continue;
+                        } else if (ch == QUOTE) {
+                            // A quote outside quotes indicates either the
+                            // opening quote or two quotes, which is a quote
+                            // literal. That is, we have the first quote in 'do'
+                            // or o''clock.
+                            if (ch == QUOTE) {
+                                if ((pos+1) < pattern.length() &&
+                                    pattern.charAt(pos+1) == QUOTE) {
+                                    ++pos;
+                                    affix.append("''"); // o''clock
+                                } else {
+                                    inQuote = true; // 'do'
+                                }
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        } else if (ch == separator) {
+                            // Don't allow separators before we see digit
+                            // characters of phase 1, and don't allow separators
+                            // in the second pattern (j == 0).
+                            if (phase == 0 || j == 0) {
+                                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unquoted special character '" +
+                                    ch + "' in pattern \"" + pattern + '"');
+                            }
+                            start = pos + 1;
+                            pos = pattern.length();
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        // Next handle characters which are appended directly.
+                        else if (ch == percent) {
+                            if (multiplier != 1) {
+                                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many percent/per mille characters in pattern \"" +
+                                    pattern + '"');
+                            }
+                            multiplier = 100;
+                            affix.append("'%");
+                            continue;
+                        } else if (ch == perMill) {
+                            if (multiplier != 1) {
+                                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many percent/per mille characters in pattern \"" +
+                                    pattern + '"');
+                            }
+                            multiplier = 1000;
+                            affix.append("'\u2030");
+                            continue;
+                        } else if (ch == minus) {
+                            affix.append("'-");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // Note that if we are within quotes, or if this is an
+                    // unquoted, non-special character, then we usually fall
+                    // through to here.
+                    affix.append(ch);
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    // Phase one must be identical in the two sub-patterns. We
+                    // enforce this by doing a direct comparison. While
+                    // processing the first sub-pattern, we just record its
+                    // length. While processing the second, we compare
+                    // characters.
+                    if (j == 1) {
+                        ++phaseOneLength;
+                    } else {
+                        if (--phaseOneLength == 0) {
+                            phase = 2;
+                            affix = suffix;
+                        }
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // Process the digits, decimal, and grouping characters. We
+                    // record five pieces of information. We expect the digits
+                    // to occur in the pattern ####0000.####, and we record the
+                    // number of left digits, zero (central) digits, and right
+                    // digits. The position of the last grouping character is
+                    // recorded (should be somewhere within the first two blocks
+                    // of characters), as is the position of the decimal point,
+                    // if any (should be in the zero digits). If there is no
+                    // decimal point, then there should be no right digits.
+                    if (ch == digit) {
+                        if (zeroDigitCount > 0) {
+                            ++digitRightCount;
+                        } else {
+                            ++digitLeftCount;
+                        }
+                        if (groupingCount >= 0 && decimalPos < 0) {
+                            ++groupingCount;
+                        }
+                    } else if (ch == zeroDigit) {
+                        if (digitRightCount > 0) {
+                            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected '0' in pattern \"" +
+                                pattern + '"');
+                        }
+                        ++zeroDigitCount;
+                        if (groupingCount >= 0 && decimalPos < 0) {
+                            ++groupingCount;
+                        }
+                    } else if (ch == groupingSeparator) {
+                        groupingCount = 0;
+                    } else if (ch == decimalSeparator) {
+                        if (decimalPos >= 0) {
+                            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Multiple decimal separators in pattern \"" +
+                                pattern + '"');
+                        }
+                        decimalPos = digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount + digitRightCount;
+                    } else if (pattern.regionMatches(pos, exponent, 0, exponent.length())){
+                        if (useExponentialNotation) {
+                            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Multiple exponential " +
+                                "symbols in pattern \"" + pattern + '"');
+                        }
+                        useExponentialNotation = true;
+                        minExponentDigits = 0;
+
+                        // Use lookahead to parse out the exponential part
+                        // of the pattern, then jump into phase 2.
+                        pos = pos+exponent.length();
+                         while (pos < pattern.length() &&
+                               pattern.charAt(pos) == zeroDigit) {
+                            ++minExponentDigits;
+                            ++phaseOneLength;
+                            ++pos;
+                        }
+
+                        if ((digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount) < 1 ||
+                            minExponentDigits < 1) {
+                            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Malformed exponential " +
+                                "pattern \"" + pattern + '"');
+                        }
+
+                        // Transition to phase 2
+                        phase = 2;
+                        affix = suffix;
+                        --pos;
+                        continue;
+                    } else {
+                        phase = 2;
+                        affix = suffix;
+                        --pos;
+                        --phaseOneLength;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Handle patterns with no '0' pattern character. These patterns
+            // are legal, but must be interpreted.  "##.###" -> "#0.###".
+            // ".###" -> ".0##".
+            /* We allow patterns of the form "####" to produce a zeroDigitCount
+             * of zero (got that?); although this seems like it might make it
+             * possible for format() to produce empty strings, format() checks
+             * for this condition and outputs a zero digit in this situation.
+             * Having a zeroDigitCount of zero yields a minimum integer digits
+             * of zero, which allows proper round-trip patterns.  That is, we
+             * don't want "#" to become "#0" when toPattern() is called (even
+             * though that's what it really is, semantically).
+             */
+            if (zeroDigitCount == 0 && digitLeftCount > 0 && decimalPos >= 0) {
+                // Handle "###.###" and "###." and ".###"
+                int n = decimalPos;
+                if (n == 0) { // Handle ".###"
+                    ++n;
+                }
+                digitRightCount = digitLeftCount - n;
+                digitLeftCount = n - 1;
+                zeroDigitCount = 1;
+            }
+
+            // Do syntax checking on the digits.
+            if ((decimalPos < 0 && digitRightCount > 0) ||
+                (decimalPos >= 0 && (decimalPos < digitLeftCount ||
+                 decimalPos > (digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount))) ||
+                 groupingCount == 0 || inQuote) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Malformed pattern \"" +
+                    pattern + '"');
+            }
+
+            if (j == 1) {
+                posPrefixPattern = prefix.toString();
+                posSuffixPattern = suffix.toString();
+                negPrefixPattern = posPrefixPattern;   // assume these for now
+                negSuffixPattern = posSuffixPattern;
+                int digitTotalCount = digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount + digitRightCount;
+                /* The effectiveDecimalPos is the position the decimal is at or
+                 * would be at if there is no decimal. Note that if decimalPos<0,
+                 * then digitTotalCount == digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount.
+                 */
+                int effectiveDecimalPos = decimalPos >= 0 ?
+                    decimalPos : digitTotalCount;
+                setMinimumIntegerDigits(effectiveDecimalPos - digitLeftCount);
+                setMaximumIntegerDigits(useExponentialNotation ?
+                    digitLeftCount + getMinimumIntegerDigits() :
+                    MAXIMUM_INTEGER_DIGITS);
+                setMaximumFractionDigits(decimalPos >= 0 ?
+                    (digitTotalCount - decimalPos) : 0);
+                setMinimumFractionDigits(decimalPos >= 0 ?
+                    (digitLeftCount + zeroDigitCount - decimalPos) : 0);
+                setGroupingUsed(groupingCount > 0);
+                this.groupingSize = (groupingCount > 0) ? groupingCount : 0;
+                this.multiplier = multiplier;
+                setDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown(decimalPos == 0 ||
+                    decimalPos == digitTotalCount);
+            } else {
+                negPrefixPattern = prefix.toString();
+                negSuffixPattern = suffix.toString();
+                gotNegative = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (pattern.length() == 0) {
+            posPrefixPattern = posSuffixPattern = "";
+            setMinimumIntegerDigits(0);
+            setMaximumIntegerDigits(MAXIMUM_INTEGER_DIGITS);
+            setMinimumFractionDigits(0);
+            setMaximumFractionDigits(MAXIMUM_FRACTION_DIGITS);
+        }
+
+        // If there was no negative pattern, or if the negative pattern is
+        // identical to the positive pattern, then prepend the minus sign to
+        // the positive pattern to form the negative pattern.
+        if (!gotNegative ||
+            (negPrefixPattern.equals(posPrefixPattern)
+             && negSuffixPattern.equals(posSuffixPattern))) {
+            negSuffixPattern = posSuffixPattern;
+            negPrefixPattern = "'-" + posPrefixPattern;
+        }
+
+        expandAffixes();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the maximum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of <code>newValue</code> and
+     * 309 is used. Negative input values are replaced with 0.
+     * @see NumberFormat#setMaximumIntegerDigits
+     */
+    public void setMaximumIntegerDigits(int newValue) {
+        maximumIntegerDigits = Math.min(Math.max(0, newValue), MAXIMUM_INTEGER_DIGITS);
+        super.setMaximumIntegerDigits((maximumIntegerDigits > DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS) ?
+            DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS : maximumIntegerDigits);
+        if (minimumIntegerDigits > maximumIntegerDigits) {
+            minimumIntegerDigits = maximumIntegerDigits;
+            super.setMinimumIntegerDigits((minimumIntegerDigits > DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS) ?
+                DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS : minimumIntegerDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the minimum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of <code>newValue</code> and
+     * 309 is used. Negative input values are replaced with 0.
+     * @see NumberFormat#setMinimumIntegerDigits
+     */
+    public void setMinimumIntegerDigits(int newValue) {
+        minimumIntegerDigits = Math.min(Math.max(0, newValue), MAXIMUM_INTEGER_DIGITS);
+        super.setMinimumIntegerDigits((minimumIntegerDigits > DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS) ?
+            DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS : minimumIntegerDigits);
+        if (minimumIntegerDigits > maximumIntegerDigits) {
+            maximumIntegerDigits = minimumIntegerDigits;
+            super.setMaximumIntegerDigits((maximumIntegerDigits > DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS) ?
+                DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS : maximumIntegerDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of <code>newValue</code> and
+     * 340 is used. Negative input values are replaced with 0.
+     * @see NumberFormat#setMaximumFractionDigits
+     */
+    public void setMaximumFractionDigits(int newValue) {
+        maximumFractionDigits = Math.min(Math.max(0, newValue), MAXIMUM_FRACTION_DIGITS);
+        super.setMaximumFractionDigits((maximumFractionDigits > DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS) ?
+            DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS : maximumFractionDigits);
+        if (minimumFractionDigits > maximumFractionDigits) {
+            minimumFractionDigits = maximumFractionDigits;
+            super.setMinimumFractionDigits((minimumFractionDigits > DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS) ?
+                DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS : minimumFractionDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of <code>newValue</code> and
+     * 340 is used. Negative input values are replaced with 0.
+     * @see NumberFormat#setMinimumFractionDigits
+     */
+    public void setMinimumFractionDigits(int newValue) {
+        minimumFractionDigits = Math.min(Math.max(0, newValue), MAXIMUM_FRACTION_DIGITS);
+        super.setMinimumFractionDigits((minimumFractionDigits > DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS) ?
+            DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS : minimumFractionDigits);
+        if (minimumFractionDigits > maximumFractionDigits) {
+            maximumFractionDigits = minimumFractionDigits;
+            super.setMaximumFractionDigits((maximumFractionDigits > DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS) ?
+                DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS : maximumFractionDigits);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the maximum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of the return value and
+     * 309 is used.
+     * @see #setMaximumIntegerDigits
+     */
+    public int getMaximumIntegerDigits() {
+        return maximumIntegerDigits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the minimum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of the return value and
+     * 309 is used.
+     * @see #setMinimumIntegerDigits
+     */
+    public int getMinimumIntegerDigits() {
+        return minimumIntegerDigits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of the return value and
+     * 340 is used.
+     * @see #setMaximumFractionDigits
+     */
+    public int getMaximumFractionDigits() {
+        return maximumFractionDigits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of a
+     * number.
+     * For formatting numbers other than <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects, the lower of the return value and
+     * 340 is used.
+     * @see #setMinimumFractionDigits
+     */
+    public int getMinimumFractionDigits() {
+        return minimumFractionDigits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the currency used by this decimal format when formatting
+     * currency values.
+     * The currency is obtained by calling
+     * {@link DecimalFormatSymbols#getCurrency DecimalFormatSymbols.getCurrency}
+     * on this number format's symbols.
+     *
+     * @return the currency used by this decimal format, or <code>null</code>
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public Currency getCurrency() {
+        return symbols.getCurrency();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the currency used by this number format when formatting
+     * currency values. This does not update the minimum or maximum
+     * number of fraction digits used by the number format.
+     * The currency is set by calling
+     * {@link DecimalFormatSymbols#setCurrency DecimalFormatSymbols.setCurrency}
+     * on this number format's symbols.
+     *
+     * @param currency the new currency to be used by this decimal format
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>currency</code> is null
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public void setCurrency(Currency currency) {
+        if (currency != symbols.getCurrency()) {
+            symbols.setCurrency(currency);
+            if (isCurrencyFormat) {
+                expandAffixes();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the {@link java.math.RoundingMode} used in this DecimalFormat.
+     *
+     * @return The <code>RoundingMode</code> used for this DecimalFormat.
+     * @see #setRoundingMode(RoundingMode)
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public RoundingMode getRoundingMode() {
+        return roundingMode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the {@link java.math.RoundingMode} used in this DecimalFormat.
+     *
+     * @param roundingMode The <code>RoundingMode</code> to be used
+     * @see #getRoundingMode()
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>roundingMode</code> is null.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public void setRoundingMode(RoundingMode roundingMode) {
+        if (roundingMode == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+
+        this.roundingMode = roundingMode;
+        digitList.setRoundingMode(roundingMode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adjusts the minimum and maximum fraction digits to values that
+     * are reasonable for the currency's default fraction digits.
+     */
+    void adjustForCurrencyDefaultFractionDigits() {
+        Currency currency = symbols.getCurrency();
+        if (currency == null) {
+            try {
+                currency = Currency.getInstance(symbols.getInternationalCurrencySymbol());
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            }
+        }
+        if (currency != null) {
+            int digits = currency.getDefaultFractionDigits();
+            if (digits != -1) {
+                int oldMinDigits = getMinimumFractionDigits();
+                // Common patterns are "#.##", "#.00", "#".
+                // Try to adjust all of them in a reasonable way.
+                if (oldMinDigits == getMaximumFractionDigits()) {
+                    setMinimumFractionDigits(digits);
+                    setMaximumFractionDigits(digits);
+                } else {
+                    setMinimumFractionDigits(Math.min(digits, oldMinDigits));
+                    setMaximumFractionDigits(digits);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the default serializable fields from the stream and performs
+     * validations and adjustments for older serialized versions. The
+     * validations and adjustments are:
+     * <ol>
+     * <li>
+     * Verify that the superclass's digit count fields correctly reflect
+     * the limits imposed on formatting numbers other than
+     * <code>BigInteger</code> and <code>BigDecimal</code> objects. These
+     * limits are stored in the superclass for serialization compatibility
+     * with older versions, while the limits for <code>BigInteger</code> and
+     * <code>BigDecimal</code> objects are kept in this class.
+     * If, in the superclass, the minimum or maximum integer digit count is
+     * larger than <code>DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS</code> or if the minimum or
+     * maximum fraction digit count is larger than
+     * <code>DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS</code>, then the stream data is invalid
+     * and this method throws an <code>InvalidObjectException</code>.
+     * <li>
+     * If <code>serialVersionOnStream</code> is less than 4, initialize
+     * <code>roundingMode</code> to {@link java.math.RoundingMode#HALF_EVEN
+     * RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN}.  This field is new with version 4.
+     * <li>
+     * If <code>serialVersionOnStream</code> is less than 3, then call
+     * the setters for the minimum and maximum integer and fraction digits with
+     * the values of the corresponding superclass getters to initialize the
+     * fields in this class. The fields in this class are new with version 3.
+     * <li>
+     * If <code>serialVersionOnStream</code> is less than 1, indicating that
+     * the stream was written by JDK 1.1, initialize
+     * <code>useExponentialNotation</code>
+     * to false, since it was not present in JDK 1.1.
+     * <li>
+     * Set <code>serialVersionOnStream</code> to the maximum allowed value so
+     * that default serialization will work properly if this object is streamed
+     * out again.
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>Stream versions older than 2 will not have the affix pattern variables
+     * <code>posPrefixPattern</code> etc.  As a result, they will be initialized
+     * to <code>null</code>, which means the affix strings will be taken as
+     * literal values.  This is exactly what we want, since that corresponds to
+     * the pre-version-2 behavior.
+     */
+    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
+         throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
+    {
+        stream.defaultReadObject();
+        digitList = new DigitList();
+
+        if (serialVersionOnStream < 4) {
+            setRoundingMode(RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN);
+        }
+        // We only need to check the maximum counts because NumberFormat
+        // .readObject has already ensured that the maximum is greater than the
+        // minimum count.
+        if (super.getMaximumIntegerDigits() > DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS ||
+            super.getMaximumFractionDigits() > DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS) {
+            throw new InvalidObjectException("Digit count out of range");
+        }
+        if (serialVersionOnStream < 3) {
+            setMaximumIntegerDigits(super.getMaximumIntegerDigits());
+            setMinimumIntegerDigits(super.getMinimumIntegerDigits());
+            setMaximumFractionDigits(super.getMaximumFractionDigits());
+            setMinimumFractionDigits(super.getMinimumFractionDigits());
+        }
+        if (serialVersionOnStream < 1) {
+            // Didn't have exponential fields
+            useExponentialNotation = false;
+        }
+        serialVersionOnStream = currentSerialVersion;
+    }
+
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // INSTANCE VARIABLES
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    private transient DigitList digitList = new DigitList();
+
+    /**
+     * The symbol used as a prefix when formatting positive numbers, e.g. "+".
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getPositivePrefix
+     */
+    private String  positivePrefix = "";
+
+    /**
+     * The symbol used as a suffix when formatting positive numbers.
+     * This is often an empty string.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getPositiveSuffix
+     */
+    private String  positiveSuffix = "";
+
+    /**
+     * The symbol used as a prefix when formatting negative numbers, e.g. "-".
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getNegativePrefix
+     */
+    private String  negativePrefix = "-";
+
+    /**
+     * The symbol used as a suffix when formatting negative numbers.
+     * This is often an empty string.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getNegativeSuffix
+     */
+    private String  negativeSuffix = "";
+
+    /**
+     * The prefix pattern for non-negative numbers.  This variable corresponds
+     * to <code>positivePrefix</code>.
+     *
+     * <p>This pattern is expanded by the method <code>expandAffix()</code> to
+     * <code>positivePrefix</code> to update the latter to reflect changes in
+     * <code>symbols</code>.  If this variable is <code>null</code> then
+     * <code>positivePrefix</code> is taken as a literal value that does not
+     * change when <code>symbols</code> changes.  This variable is always
+     * <code>null</code> for <code>DecimalFormat</code> objects older than
+     * stream version 2 restored from stream.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    private String posPrefixPattern;
+
+    /**
+     * The suffix pattern for non-negative numbers.  This variable corresponds
+     * to <code>positiveSuffix</code>.  This variable is analogous to
+     * <code>posPrefixPattern</code>; see that variable for further
+     * documentation.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    private String posSuffixPattern;
+
+    /**
+     * The prefix pattern for negative numbers.  This variable corresponds
+     * to <code>negativePrefix</code>.  This variable is analogous to
+     * <code>posPrefixPattern</code>; see that variable for further
+     * documentation.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    private String negPrefixPattern;
+
+    /**
+     * The suffix pattern for negative numbers.  This variable corresponds
+     * to <code>negativeSuffix</code>.  This variable is analogous to
+     * <code>posPrefixPattern</code>; see that variable for further
+     * documentation.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    private String negSuffixPattern;
+
+    /**
+     * The multiplier for use in percent, per mille, etc.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getMultiplier
+     */
+    private int     multiplier = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of digits between grouping separators in the integer
+     * portion of a number.  Must be greater than 0 if
+     * <code>NumberFormat.groupingUsed</code> is true.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getGroupingSize
+     * @see java.text.NumberFormat#isGroupingUsed
+     */
+    private byte    groupingSize = 3;  // invariant, > 0 if useThousands
+
+    /**
+     * If true, forces the decimal separator to always appear in a formatted
+     * number, even if the fractional part of the number is zero.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #isDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown
+     */
+    private boolean decimalSeparatorAlwaysShown = false;
+
+    /**
+     * If true, parse returns BigDecimal wherever possible.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #isParseBigDecimal
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private boolean parseBigDecimal = false;
+
+
+    /**
+     * True if this object represents a currency format.  This determines
+     * whether the monetary decimal separator is used instead of the normal one.
+     */
+    private transient boolean isCurrencyFormat = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The <code>DecimalFormatSymbols</code> object used by this format.
+     * It contains the symbols used to format numbers, e.g. the grouping separator,
+     * decimal separator, and so on.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #setDecimalFormatSymbols
+     * @see java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols
+     */
+    private DecimalFormatSymbols symbols = null; // LIU new DecimalFormatSymbols();
+
+    /**
+     * True to force the use of exponential (i.e. scientific) notation when formatting
+     * numbers.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    private boolean useExponentialNotation;  // Newly persistent in the Java 2 platform v.1.2
+
+    /**
+     * FieldPositions describing the positive prefix String. This is
+     * lazily created. Use <code>getPositivePrefixFieldPositions</code>
+     * when needed.
+     */
+    private transient FieldPosition[] positivePrefixFieldPositions;
+
+    /**
+     * FieldPositions describing the positive suffix String. This is
+     * lazily created. Use <code>getPositiveSuffixFieldPositions</code>
+     * when needed.
+     */
+    private transient FieldPosition[] positiveSuffixFieldPositions;
+
+    /**
+     * FieldPositions describing the negative prefix String. This is
+     * lazily created. Use <code>getNegativePrefixFieldPositions</code>
+     * when needed.
+     */
+    private transient FieldPosition[] negativePrefixFieldPositions;
+
+    /**
+     * FieldPositions describing the negative suffix String. This is
+     * lazily created. Use <code>getNegativeSuffixFieldPositions</code>
+     * when needed.
+     */
+    private transient FieldPosition[] negativeSuffixFieldPositions;
+
+    /**
+     * The minimum number of digits used to display the exponent when a number is
+     * formatted in exponential notation.  This field is ignored if
+     * <code>useExponentialNotation</code> is not true.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    private byte    minExponentDigits;       // Newly persistent in the Java 2 platform v.1.2
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * <code>BigInteger</code> or <code>BigDecimal</code> number.
+     * <code>maximumIntegerDigits</code> must be greater than or equal to
+     * <code>minimumIntegerDigits</code>.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getMaximumIntegerDigits
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private int    maximumIntegerDigits = super.getMaximumIntegerDigits();
+
+    /**
+     * The minimum number of digits allowed in the integer portion of a
+     * <code>BigInteger</code> or <code>BigDecimal</code> number.
+     * <code>minimumIntegerDigits</code> must be less than or equal to
+     * <code>maximumIntegerDigits</code>.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getMinimumIntegerDigits
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private int    minimumIntegerDigits = super.getMinimumIntegerDigits();
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum number of digits allowed in the fractional portion of a
+     * <code>BigInteger</code> or <code>BigDecimal</code> number.
+     * <code>maximumFractionDigits</code> must be greater than or equal to
+     * <code>minimumFractionDigits</code>.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getMaximumFractionDigits
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private int    maximumFractionDigits = super.getMaximumFractionDigits();
+
+    /**
+     * The minimum number of digits allowed in the fractional portion of a
+     * <code>BigInteger</code> or <code>BigDecimal</code> number.
+     * <code>minimumFractionDigits</code> must be less than or equal to
+     * <code>maximumFractionDigits</code>.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @see #getMinimumFractionDigits
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private int    minimumFractionDigits = super.getMinimumFractionDigits();
+
+    /**
+     * The {@link java.math.RoundingMode} used in this DecimalFormat.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    private RoundingMode roundingMode = RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN;
+
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    static final int currentSerialVersion = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * The internal serial version which says which version was written.
+     * Possible values are:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li><b>0</b> (default): versions before the Java 2 platform v1.2
+     * <li><b>1</b>: version for 1.2, which includes the two new fields
+     *      <code>useExponentialNotation</code> and
+     *      <code>minExponentDigits</code>.
+     * <li><b>2</b>: version for 1.3 and later, which adds four new fields:
+     *      <code>posPrefixPattern</code>, <code>posSuffixPattern</code>,
+     *      <code>negPrefixPattern</code>, and <code>negSuffixPattern</code>.
+     * <li><b>3</b>: version for 1.5 and later, which adds five new fields:
+     *      <code>maximumIntegerDigits</code>,
+     *      <code>minimumIntegerDigits</code>,
+     *      <code>maximumFractionDigits</code>,
+     *      <code>minimumFractionDigits</code>, and
+     *      <code>parseBigDecimal</code>.
+     * <li><b>4</b>: version for 1.6 and later, which adds one new field:
+     *      <code>roundingMode</code>.
+     * </ul>
+     * @since 1.2
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private int serialVersionOnStream = currentSerialVersion;
+
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // CONSTANTS
+    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    // Constants for characters used in programmatic (unlocalized) patterns.
+    private static final char       PATTERN_ZERO_DIGIT         = '0';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_GROUPING_SEPARATOR = ',';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR  = '.';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_PER_MILLE          = '\u2030';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_PERCENT            = '%';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_DIGIT              = '#';
+    private static final char       PATTERN_SEPARATOR          = ';';
+    private static final String     PATTERN_EXPONENT           = "E";
+    private static final char       PATTERN_MINUS              = '-';
+
+    /**
+     * The CURRENCY_SIGN is the standard Unicode symbol for currency.  It
+     * is used in patterns and substituted with either the currency symbol,
+     * or if it is doubled, with the international currency symbol.  If the
+     * CURRENCY_SIGN is seen in a pattern, then the decimal separator is
+     * replaced with the monetary decimal separator.
+     *
+     * The CURRENCY_SIGN is not localized.
+     */
+    private static final char       CURRENCY_SIGN = '\u00A4';
+
+    private static final char       QUOTE = '\'';
+
+    private static FieldPosition[] EmptyFieldPositionArray = new FieldPosition[0];
+
+    // Upper limit on integer and fraction digits for a Java double
+    static final int DOUBLE_INTEGER_DIGITS  = 309;
+    static final int DOUBLE_FRACTION_DIGITS = 340;
+
+    // Upper limit on integer and fraction digits for BigDecimal and BigInteger
+    static final int MAXIMUM_INTEGER_DIGITS  = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    static final int MAXIMUM_FRACTION_DIGITS = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+    // Proclaim JDK 1.1 serial compatibility.
+    static final long serialVersionUID = 864413376551465018L;
+
+    /**
+     * Cache to hold the NumberPattern of a Locale.
+     */
+    private static Hashtable cachedLocaleData = new Hashtable(3);
+}