jdk/src/share/classes/java/security/SecureRandom.java
changeset 2 90ce3da70b43
child 5506 202f599c92aa
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/share/classes/java/security/SecureRandom.java	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1996-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ */
+
+package java.security;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+import java.security.Provider.Service;
+
+import sun.security.jca.*;
+import sun.security.jca.GetInstance.Instance;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a cryptographically strong random number
+ * generator (RNG).
+ *
+ * <p>A cryptographically strong random number
+ * minimally complies with the statistical random number generator tests
+ * specified in <a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/cryptval/140-2.htm">
+ * <i>FIPS 140-2, Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules</i></a>,
+ * section 4.9.1.
+ * Additionally, SecureRandom must produce non-deterministic output.
+ * Therefore any seed material passed to a SecureRandom object must be
+ * unpredictable, and all SecureRandom output sequences must be
+ * cryptographically strong, as described in
+ * <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1750.txt">
+ * <i>RFC 1750: Randomness Recommendations for Security</i></a>.
+ *
+ * <p>A caller obtains a SecureRandom instance via the
+ * no-argument constructor or one of the <code>getInstance</code> methods:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ *      SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <p> Many SecureRandom implementations are in the form of a pseudo-random
+ * number generator (PRNG), which means they use a deterministic algorithm
+ * to produce a pseudo-random sequence from a true random seed.
+ * Other implementations may produce true random numbers,
+ * and yet others may use a combination of both techniques.
+ *
+ * <p> Typical callers of SecureRandom invoke the following methods
+ * to retrieve random bytes:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ *      SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
+ *      byte bytes[] = new byte[20];
+ *      random.nextBytes(bytes);
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <p> Callers may also invoke the <code>generateSeed</code> method
+ * to generate a given number of seed bytes (to seed other random number
+ * generators, for example):
+ * <pre>
+ *      byte seed[] = random.generateSeed(20);
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * Note: Depending on the implementation, the <code>generateSeed</code> and
+ * <code>nextBytes</code> methods may block as entropy is being gathered,
+ * for example, if they need to read from /dev/random on various unix-like
+ * operating systems.
+ *
+ * @see java.security.SecureRandomSpi
+ * @see java.util.Random
+ *
+ * @author Benjamin Renaud
+ * @author Josh Bloch
+ */
+
+public class SecureRandom extends java.util.Random {
+
+    /**
+     * The provider.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    private Provider provider = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The provider implementation.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    private SecureRandomSpi secureRandomSpi = null;
+
+    /*
+     * The algorithm name of null if unknown.
+     *
+     * @serial
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    private String algorithm;
+
+    // Seed Generator
+    private static volatile SecureRandom seedGenerator = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a secure random number generator (RNG) implementing the
+     * default random number algorithm.
+     *
+     * <p> This constructor traverses the list of registered security Providers,
+     * starting with the most preferred Provider.
+     * A new SecureRandom object encapsulating the
+     * SecureRandomSpi implementation from the first
+     * Provider that supports a SecureRandom (RNG) algorithm is returned.
+     * If none of the Providers support a RNG algorithm,
+     * then an implementation-specific default is returned.
+     *
+     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
+     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
+     *
+     * <p> See Appendix A in the <a href=
+     * "../../../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA">
+     * Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification &amp; Reference </a>
+     * for information about standard RNG algorithm names.
+     *
+     * <p> The returned SecureRandom object has not been seeded.  To seed the
+     * returned object, call the <code>setSeed</code> method.
+     * If <code>setSeed</code> is not called, the first call to
+     * <code>nextBytes</code> will force the SecureRandom object to seed itself.
+     * This self-seeding will not occur if <code>setSeed</code> was
+     * previously called.
+     */
+    public SecureRandom() {
+        /*
+         * This call to our superclass constructor will result in a call
+         * to our own <code>setSeed</code> method, which will return
+         * immediately when it is passed zero.
+         */
+        super(0);
+        getDefaultPRNG(false, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a secure random number generator (RNG) implementing the
+     * default random number algorithm.
+     * The SecureRandom instance is seeded with the specified seed bytes.
+     *
+     * <p> This constructor traverses the list of registered security Providers,
+     * starting with the most preferred Provider.
+     * A new SecureRandom object encapsulating the
+     * SecureRandomSpi implementation from the first
+     * Provider that supports a SecureRandom (RNG) algorithm is returned.
+     * If none of the Providers support a RNG algorithm,
+     * then an implementation-specific default is returned.
+     *
+     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
+     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
+     *
+     * <p> See Appendix A in the <a href=
+     * "../../../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA">
+     * Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification &amp; Reference </a>
+     * for information about standard RNG algorithm names.
+     *
+     * @param seed the seed.
+     */
+    public SecureRandom(byte seed[]) {
+        super(0);
+        getDefaultPRNG(true, seed);
+    }
+
+    private void getDefaultPRNG(boolean setSeed, byte[] seed) {
+        String prng = getPrngAlgorithm();
+        if (prng == null) {
+            // bummer, get the SUN implementation
+            prng = "SHA1PRNG";
+            this.secureRandomSpi = new sun.security.provider.SecureRandom();
+            this.provider = Providers.getSunProvider();
+            if (setSeed) {
+                this.secureRandomSpi.engineSetSeed(seed);
+            }
+        } else {
+            try {
+                SecureRandom random = SecureRandom.getInstance(prng);
+                this.secureRandomSpi = random.getSecureRandomSpi();
+                this.provider = random.getProvider();
+                if (setSeed) {
+                    this.secureRandomSpi.engineSetSeed(seed);
+                }
+            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
+                // never happens, because we made sure the algorithm exists
+                throw new RuntimeException(nsae);
+            }
+        }
+        // JDK 1.1 based implementations subclass SecureRandom instead of
+        // SecureRandomSpi. They will also go through this code path because
+        // they must call a SecureRandom constructor as it is their superclass.
+        // If we are dealing with such an implementation, do not set the
+        // algorithm value as it would be inaccurate.
+        if (getClass() == SecureRandom.class) {
+            this.algorithm = prng;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a SecureRandom object.
+     *
+     * @param secureRandomSpi the SecureRandom implementation.
+     * @param provider the provider.
+     */
+    protected SecureRandom(SecureRandomSpi secureRandomSpi,
+                           Provider provider) {
+        this(secureRandomSpi, provider, null);
+    }
+
+    private SecureRandom(SecureRandomSpi secureRandomSpi, Provider provider,
+            String algorithm) {
+        super(0);
+        this.secureRandomSpi = secureRandomSpi;
+        this.provider = provider;
+        this.algorithm = algorithm;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a SecureRandom object that implements the specified
+     * Random Number Generator (RNG) algorithm.
+     *
+     * <p> This method traverses the list of registered security Providers,
+     * starting with the most preferred Provider.
+     * A new SecureRandom object encapsulating the
+     * SecureRandomSpi implementation from the first
+     * Provider that supports the specified algorithm is returned.
+     *
+     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
+     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
+     *
+     * <p> The returned SecureRandom object has not been seeded.  To seed the
+     * returned object, call the <code>setSeed</code> method.
+     * If <code>setSeed</code> is not called, the first call to
+     * <code>nextBytes</code> will force the SecureRandom object to seed itself.
+     * This self-seeding will not occur if <code>setSeed</code> was
+     * previously called.
+     *
+     * @param algorithm the name of the RNG algorithm.
+     * See Appendix A in the <a href=
+     * "../../../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA">
+     * Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification &amp; Reference </a>
+     * for information about standard RNG algorithm names.
+     *
+     * @return the new SecureRandom object.
+     *
+     * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if no Provider supports a
+     *          SecureRandomSpi implementation for the
+     *          specified algorithm.
+     *
+     * @see Provider
+     *
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    public static SecureRandom getInstance(String algorithm)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("SecureRandom",
+            SecureRandomSpi.class, algorithm);
+        return new SecureRandom((SecureRandomSpi)instance.impl,
+            instance.provider, algorithm);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a SecureRandom object that implements the specified
+     * Random Number Generator (RNG) algorithm.
+     *
+     * <p> A new SecureRandom object encapsulating the
+     * SecureRandomSpi implementation from the specified provider
+     * is returned.  The specified provider must be registered
+     * in the security provider list.
+     *
+     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
+     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
+     *
+     * <p> The returned SecureRandom object has not been seeded.  To seed the
+     * returned object, call the <code>setSeed</code> method.
+     * If <code>setSeed</code> is not called, the first call to
+     * <code>nextBytes</code> will force the SecureRandom object to seed itself.
+     * This self-seeding will not occur if <code>setSeed</code> was
+     * previously called.
+     *
+     * @param algorithm the name of the RNG algorithm.
+     * See Appendix A in the <a href=
+     * "../../../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA">
+     * Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification &amp; Reference </a>
+     * for information about standard RNG algorithm names.
+     *
+     * @param provider the name of the provider.
+     *
+     * @return the new SecureRandom object.
+     *
+     * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if a SecureRandomSpi
+     *          implementation for the specified algorithm is not
+     *          available from the specified provider.
+     *
+     * @exception NoSuchProviderException if the specified provider is not
+     *          registered in the security provider list.
+     *
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the provider name is null
+     *          or empty.
+     *
+     * @see Provider
+     *
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    public static SecureRandom getInstance(String algorithm, String provider)
+            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException {
+        Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("SecureRandom",
+            SecureRandomSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
+        return new SecureRandom((SecureRandomSpi)instance.impl,
+            instance.provider, algorithm);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a SecureRandom object that implements the specified
+     * Random Number Generator (RNG) algorithm.
+     *
+     * <p> A new SecureRandom object encapsulating the
+     * SecureRandomSpi implementation from the specified Provider
+     * object is returned.  Note that the specified Provider object
+     * does not have to be registered in the provider list.
+     *
+     * <p> The returned SecureRandom object has not been seeded.  To seed the
+     * returned object, call the <code>setSeed</code> method.
+     * If <code>setSeed</code> is not called, the first call to
+     * <code>nextBytes</code> will force the SecureRandom object to seed itself.
+     * This self-seeding will not occur if <code>setSeed</code> was
+     * previously called.
+     *
+     * @param algorithm the name of the RNG algorithm.
+     * See Appendix A in the <a href=
+     * "../../../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA">
+     * Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification &amp; Reference </a>
+     * for information about standard RNG algorithm names.
+     *
+     * @param provider the provider.
+     *
+     * @return the new SecureRandom object.
+     *
+     * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if a SecureRandomSpi
+     *          implementation for the specified algorithm is not available
+     *          from the specified Provider object.
+     *
+     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified provider is null.
+     *
+     * @see Provider
+     *
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public static SecureRandom getInstance(String algorithm,
+            Provider provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("SecureRandom",
+            SecureRandomSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
+        return new SecureRandom((SecureRandomSpi)instance.impl,
+            instance.provider, algorithm);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the SecureRandomSpi of this SecureRandom object.
+     */
+    SecureRandomSpi getSecureRandomSpi() {
+        return secureRandomSpi;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the provider of this SecureRandom object.
+     *
+     * @return the provider of this SecureRandom object.
+     */
+    public final Provider getProvider() {
+        return provider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the name of the algorithm implemented by this SecureRandom
+     * object.
+     *
+     * @return the name of the algorithm or <code>unknown</code>
+     *          if the algorithm name cannot be determined.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public String getAlgorithm() {
+        return (algorithm != null) ? algorithm : "unknown";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reseeds this random object. The given seed supplements, rather than
+     * replaces, the existing seed. Thus, repeated calls are guaranteed
+     * never to reduce randomness.
+     *
+     * @param seed the seed.
+     *
+     * @see #getSeed
+     */
+    synchronized public void setSeed(byte[] seed) {
+        secureRandomSpi.engineSetSeed(seed);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reseeds this random object, using the eight bytes contained
+     * in the given <code>long seed</code>. The given seed supplements,
+     * rather than replaces, the existing seed. Thus, repeated calls
+     * are guaranteed never to reduce randomness.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is defined for compatibility with
+     * <code>java.util.Random</code>.
+     *
+     * @param seed the seed.
+     *
+     * @see #getSeed
+     */
+    public void setSeed(long seed) {
+        /*
+         * Ignore call from super constructor (as well as any other calls
+         * unfortunate enough to be passing 0).  It's critical that we
+         * ignore call from superclass constructor, as digest has not
+         * yet been initialized at that point.
+         */
+        if (seed != 0) {
+            secureRandomSpi.engineSetSeed(longToByteArray(seed));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a user-specified number of random bytes.
+     *
+     * <p> If a call to <code>setSeed</code> had not occurred previously,
+     * the first call to this method forces this SecureRandom object
+     * to seed itself.  This self-seeding will not occur if
+     * <code>setSeed</code> was previously called.
+     *
+     * @param bytes the array to be filled in with random bytes.
+     */
+
+    synchronized public void nextBytes(byte[] bytes) {
+        secureRandomSpi.engineNextBytes(bytes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an integer containing the user-specified number of
+     * pseudo-random bits (right justified, with leading zeros).  This
+     * method overrides a <code>java.util.Random</code> method, and serves
+     * to provide a source of random bits to all of the methods inherited
+     * from that class (for example, <code>nextInt</code>,
+     * <code>nextLong</code>, and <code>nextFloat</code>).
+     *
+     * @param numBits number of pseudo-random bits to be generated, where
+     * 0 <= <code>numBits</code> <= 32.
+     *
+     * @return an <code>int</code> containing the user-specified number
+     * of pseudo-random bits (right justified, with leading zeros).
+     */
+    final protected int next(int numBits) {
+        int numBytes = (numBits+7)/8;
+        byte b[] = new byte[numBytes];
+        int next = 0;
+
+        nextBytes(b);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numBytes; i++)
+            next = (next << 8) + (b[i] & 0xFF);
+
+        return next >>> (numBytes*8 - numBits);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the given number of seed bytes, computed using the seed
+     * generation algorithm that this class uses to seed itself.  This
+     * call may be used to seed other random number generators.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is only included for backwards compatibility.
+     * The caller is encouraged to use one of the alternative
+     * <code>getInstance</code> methods to obtain a SecureRandom object, and
+     * then call the <code>generateSeed</code> method to obtain seed bytes
+     * from that object.
+     *
+     * @param numBytes the number of seed bytes to generate.
+     *
+     * @return the seed bytes.
+     *
+     * @see #setSeed
+     */
+    public static byte[] getSeed(int numBytes) {
+        if (seedGenerator == null)
+            seedGenerator = new SecureRandom();
+        return seedGenerator.generateSeed(numBytes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the given number of seed bytes, computed using the seed
+     * generation algorithm that this class uses to seed itself.  This
+     * call may be used to seed other random number generators.
+     *
+     * @param numBytes the number of seed bytes to generate.
+     *
+     * @return the seed bytes.
+     */
+    public byte[] generateSeed(int numBytes) {
+        return secureRandomSpi.engineGenerateSeed(numBytes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function to convert a long into a byte array (least significant
+     * byte first).
+     */
+    private static byte[] longToByteArray(long l) {
+        byte[] retVal = new byte[8];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+            retVal[i] = (byte) l;
+            l >>= 8;
+        }
+
+        return retVal;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a default PRNG algorithm by looking through all registered
+     * providers. Returns the first PRNG algorithm of the first provider that
+     * has registered a SecureRandom implementation, or null if none of the
+     * registered providers supplies a SecureRandom implementation.
+     */
+    private static String getPrngAlgorithm() {
+        for (Provider p : Providers.getProviderList().providers()) {
+            for (Service s : p.getServices()) {
+                if (s.getType().equals("SecureRandom")) {
+                    return s.getAlgorithm();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // Declare serialVersionUID to be compatible with JDK1.1
+    static final long serialVersionUID = 4940670005562187L;
+
+    // Retain unused values serialized from JDK1.1
+    /**
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private byte[] state;
+    /**
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private MessageDigest digest = null;
+    /**
+     * @serial
+     *
+     * We know that the MessageDigest class does not implement
+     * java.io.Serializable.  However, since this field is no longer
+     * used, it will always be NULL and won't affect the serialization
+     * of the SecureRandom class itself.
+     */
+    private byte[] randomBytes;
+    /**
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private int randomBytesUsed;
+    /**
+     * @serial
+     */
+    private long counter;
+}