jdk/src/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java
changeset 2 90ce3da70b43
child 1937 28c31d4a9597
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/share/classes/java/lang/Object.java	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,553 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1994-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ */
+
+package java.lang;
+
+/**
+ * Class <code>Object</code> is the root of the class hierarchy.
+ * Every class has <code>Object</code> as a superclass. All objects,
+ * including arrays, implement the methods of this class.
+ *
+ * @author  unascribed
+ * @see     java.lang.Class
+ * @since   JDK1.0
+ */
+public class Object {
+
+    private static native void registerNatives();
+    static {
+        registerNatives();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the runtime class of this {@code Object}. The returned
+     * {@code Class} object is the object that is locked by {@code
+     * static synchronized} methods of the represented class.
+     *
+     * <p><b>The actual result type is {@code Class<? extends |X|>}
+     * where {@code |X|} is the erasure of the static type of the
+     * expression on which {@code getClass} is called.</b> For
+     * example, no cast is required in this code fragment:</p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * {@code Number n = 0;                             }<br>
+     * {@code Class<? extends Number> c = n.getClass(); }
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @return The {@code Class} object that represents the runtime
+     *         class of this object.
+     * @see    <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/">The Java
+     *         Language Specification, Third Edition (15.8.2 Class
+     *         Literals)</a>
+     */
+    public final native Class<?> getClass();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is
+     * supported for the benefit of hashtables such as those provided by
+     * <code>java.util.Hashtable</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * The general contract of <code>hashCode</code> is:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during
+     *     an execution of a Java application, the <tt>hashCode</tt> method
+     *     must consistently return the same integer, provided no information
+     *     used in <tt>equals</tt> comparisons on the object is modified.
+     *     This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an
+     *     application to another execution of the same application.
+     * <li>If two objects are equal according to the <tt>equals(Object)</tt>
+     *     method, then calling the <code>hashCode</code> method on each of
+     *     the two objects must produce the same integer result.
+     * <li>It is <em>not</em> required that if two objects are unequal
+     *     according to the {@link java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)}
+     *     method, then calling the <tt>hashCode</tt> method on each of the
+     *     two objects must produce distinct integer results.  However, the
+     *     programmer should be aware that producing distinct integer results
+     *     for unequal objects may improve the performance of hashtables.
+     * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * As much as is reasonably practical, the hashCode method defined by
+     * class <tt>Object</tt> does return distinct integers for distinct
+     * objects. (This is typically implemented by converting the internal
+     * address of the object into an integer, but this implementation
+     * technique is not required by the
+     * Java<font size="-2"><sup>TM</sup></font> programming language.)
+     *
+     * @return  a hash code value for this object.
+     * @see     java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
+     * @see     java.util.Hashtable
+     */
+    public native int hashCode();
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.
+     * <p>
+     * The <code>equals</code> method implements an equivalence relation
+     * on non-null object references:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>It is <i>reflexive</i>: for any non-null reference value
+     *     <code>x</code>, <code>x.equals(x)</code> should return
+     *     <code>true</code>.
+     * <li>It is <i>symmetric</i>: for any non-null reference values
+     *     <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>, <code>x.equals(y)</code>
+     *     should return <code>true</code> if and only if
+     *     <code>y.equals(x)</code> returns <code>true</code>.
+     * <li>It is <i>transitive</i>: for any non-null reference values
+     *     <code>x</code>, <code>y</code>, and <code>z</code>, if
+     *     <code>x.equals(y)</code> returns <code>true</code> and
+     *     <code>y.equals(z)</code> returns <code>true</code>, then
+     *     <code>x.equals(z)</code> should return <code>true</code>.
+     * <li>It is <i>consistent</i>: for any non-null reference values
+     *     <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>, multiple invocations of
+     *     <tt>x.equals(y)</tt> consistently return <code>true</code>
+     *     or consistently return <code>false</code>, provided no
+     *     information used in <code>equals</code> comparisons on the
+     *     objects is modified.
+     * <li>For any non-null reference value <code>x</code>,
+     *     <code>x.equals(null)</code> should return <code>false</code>.
+     * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * The <tt>equals</tt> method for class <code>Object</code> implements
+     * the most discriminating possible equivalence relation on objects;
+     * that is, for any non-null reference values <code>x</code> and
+     * <code>y</code>, this method returns <code>true</code> if and only
+     * if <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> refer to the same object
+     * (<code>x == y</code> has the value <code>true</code>).
+     * <p>
+     * Note that it is generally necessary to override the <tt>hashCode</tt>
+     * method whenever this method is overridden, so as to maintain the
+     * general contract for the <tt>hashCode</tt> method, which states
+     * that equal objects must have equal hash codes.
+     *
+     * @param   obj   the reference object with which to compare.
+     * @return  <code>true</code> if this object is the same as the obj
+     *          argument; <code>false</code> otherwise.
+     * @see     #hashCode()
+     * @see     java.util.Hashtable
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        return (this == obj);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and returns a copy of this object.  The precise meaning
+     * of "copy" may depend on the class of the object. The general
+     * intent is that, for any object <tt>x</tt>, the expression:
+     * <blockquote>
+     * <pre>
+     * x.clone() != x</pre></blockquote>
+     * will be true, and that the expression:
+     * <blockquote>
+     * <pre>
+     * x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()</pre></blockquote>
+     * will be <tt>true</tt>, but these are not absolute requirements.
+     * While it is typically the case that:
+     * <blockquote>
+     * <pre>
+     * x.clone().equals(x)</pre></blockquote>
+     * will be <tt>true</tt>, this is not an absolute requirement.
+     * <p>
+     * By convention, the returned object should be obtained by calling
+     * <tt>super.clone</tt>.  If a class and all of its superclasses (except
+     * <tt>Object</tt>) obey this convention, it will be the case that
+     * <tt>x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()</tt>.
+     * <p>
+     * By convention, the object returned by this method should be independent
+     * of this object (which is being cloned).  To achieve this independence,
+     * it may be necessary to modify one or more fields of the object returned
+     * by <tt>super.clone</tt> before returning it.  Typically, this means
+     * copying any mutable objects that comprise the internal "deep structure"
+     * of the object being cloned and replacing the references to these
+     * objects with references to the copies.  If a class contains only
+     * primitive fields or references to immutable objects, then it is usually
+     * the case that no fields in the object returned by <tt>super.clone</tt>
+     * need to be modified.
+     * <p>
+     * The method <tt>clone</tt> for class <tt>Object</tt> performs a
+     * specific cloning operation. First, if the class of this object does
+     * not implement the interface <tt>Cloneable</tt>, then a
+     * <tt>CloneNotSupportedException</tt> is thrown. Note that all arrays
+     * are considered to implement the interface <tt>Cloneable</tt>.
+     * Otherwise, this method creates a new instance of the class of this
+     * object and initializes all its fields with exactly the contents of
+     * the corresponding fields of this object, as if by assignment; the
+     * contents of the fields are not themselves cloned. Thus, this method
+     * performs a "shallow copy" of this object, not a "deep copy" operation.
+     * <p>
+     * The class <tt>Object</tt> does not itself implement the interface
+     * <tt>Cloneable</tt>, so calling the <tt>clone</tt> method on an object
+     * whose class is <tt>Object</tt> will result in throwing an
+     * exception at run time.
+     *
+     * @return     a clone of this instance.
+     * @exception  CloneNotSupportedException  if the object's class does not
+     *               support the <code>Cloneable</code> interface. Subclasses
+     *               that override the <code>clone</code> method can also
+     *               throw this exception to indicate that an instance cannot
+     *               be cloned.
+     * @see java.lang.Cloneable
+     */
+    protected native Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string representation of the object. In general, the
+     * <code>toString</code> method returns a string that
+     * "textually represents" this object. The result should
+     * be a concise but informative representation that is easy for a
+     * person to read.
+     * It is recommended that all subclasses override this method.
+     * <p>
+     * The <code>toString</code> method for class <code>Object</code>
+     * returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the
+     * object is an instance, the at-sign character `<code>@</code>', and
+     * the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the
+     * object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the
+     * value of:
+     * <blockquote>
+     * <pre>
+     * getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())
+     * </pre></blockquote>
+     *
+     * @return  a string representation of the object.
+     */
+    public String toString() {
+        return getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(hashCode());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's
+     * monitor. If any threads are waiting on this object, one of them
+     * is chosen to be awakened. The choice is arbitrary and occurs at
+     * the discretion of the implementation. A thread waits on an object's
+     * monitor by calling one of the <code>wait</code> methods.
+     * <p>
+     * The awakened thread will not be able to proceed until the current
+     * thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened thread will
+     * compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might be
+     * actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example, the
+     * awakened thread enjoys no reliable privilege or disadvantage in being
+     * the next thread to lock this object.
+     * <p>
+     * This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner
+     * of this object's monitor. A thread becomes the owner of the
+     * object's monitor in one of three ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>By executing a synchronized instance method of that object.
+     * <li>By executing the body of a <code>synchronized</code> statement
+     *     that synchronizes on the object.
+     * <li>For objects of type <code>Class,</code> by executing a
+     *     synchronized static method of that class.
+     * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * Only one thread at a time can own an object's monitor.
+     *
+     * @exception  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
+     *               the owner of this object's monitor.
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notifyAll()
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#wait()
+     */
+    public final native void notify();
+
+    /**
+     * Wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor. A
+     * thread waits on an object's monitor by calling one of the
+     * <code>wait</code> methods.
+     * <p>
+     * The awakened threads will not be able to proceed until the current
+     * thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened threads
+     * will compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might
+     * be actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example,
+     * the awakened threads enjoy no reliable privilege or disadvantage in
+     * being the next thread to lock this object.
+     * <p>
+     * This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner
+     * of this object's monitor. See the <code>notify</code> method for a
+     * description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of
+     * a monitor.
+     *
+     * @exception  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
+     *               the owner of this object's monitor.
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notify()
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#wait()
+     */
+    public final native void notifyAll();
+
+    /**
+     * Causes the current thread to wait until either another thread invokes the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or a
+     * specified amount of time has elapsed.
+     * <p>
+     * The current thread must own this object's monitor.
+     * <p>
+     * This method causes the current thread (call it <var>T</var>) to
+     * place itself in the wait set for this object and then to relinquish
+     * any and all synchronization claims on this object. Thread <var>T</var>
+     * becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant
+     * until one of four things happens:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>Some other thread invokes the <tt>notify</tt> method for this
+     * object and thread <var>T</var> happens to be arbitrarily chosen as
+     * the thread to be awakened.
+     * <li>Some other thread invokes the <tt>notifyAll</tt> method for this
+     * object.
+     * <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt() interrupts}
+     * thread <var>T</var>.
+     * <li>The specified amount of real time has elapsed, more or less.  If
+     * <tt>timeout</tt> is zero, however, then real time is not taken into
+     * consideration and the thread simply waits until notified.
+     * </ul>
+     * The thread <var>T</var> is then removed from the wait set for this
+     * object and re-enabled for thread scheduling. It then competes in the
+     * usual manner with other threads for the right to synchronize on the
+     * object; once it has gained control of the object, all its
+     * synchronization claims on the object are restored to the status quo
+     * ante - that is, to the situation as of the time that the <tt>wait</tt>
+     * method was invoked. Thread <var>T</var> then returns from the
+     * invocation of the <tt>wait</tt> method. Thus, on return from the
+     * <tt>wait</tt> method, the synchronization state of the object and of
+     * thread <tt>T</tt> is exactly as it was when the <tt>wait</tt> method
+     * was invoked.
+     * <p>
+     * A thread can also wake up without being notified, interrupted, or
+     * timing out, a so-called <i>spurious wakeup</i>.  While this will rarely
+     * occur in practice, applications must guard against it by testing for
+     * the condition that should have caused the thread to be awakened, and
+     * continuing to wait if the condition is not satisfied.  In other words,
+     * waits should always occur in loops, like this one:
+     * <pre>
+     *     synchronized (obj) {
+     *         while (&lt;condition does not hold&gt;)
+     *             obj.wait(timeout);
+     *         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
+     *     }
+     * </pre>
+     * (For more information on this topic, see Section 3.2.3 in Doug Lea's
+     * "Concurrent Programming in Java (Second Edition)" (Addison-Wesley,
+     * 2000), or Item 50 in Joshua Bloch's "Effective Java Programming
+     * Language Guide" (Addison-Wesley, 2001).
+     *
+     * <p>If the current thread is {@linkplain java.lang.Thread#interrupt()
+     * interrupted} by any thread before or while it is waiting, then an
+     * <tt>InterruptedException</tt> is thrown.  This exception is not
+     * thrown until the lock status of this object has been restored as
+     * described above.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * Note that the <tt>wait</tt> method, as it places the current thread
+     * into the wait set for this object, unlocks only this object; any
+     * other objects on which the current thread may be synchronized remain
+     * locked while the thread waits.
+     * <p>
+     * This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner
+     * of this object's monitor. See the <code>notify</code> method for a
+     * description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of
+     * a monitor.
+     *
+     * @param      timeout   the maximum time to wait in milliseconds.
+     * @exception  IllegalArgumentException      if the value of timeout is
+     *               negative.
+     * @exception  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
+     *               the owner of the object's monitor.
+     * @exception  InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the
+     *             current thread before or while the current thread
+     *             was waiting for a notification.  The <i>interrupted
+     *             status</i> of the current thread is cleared when
+     *             this exception is thrown.
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notify()
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notifyAll()
+     */
+    public final native void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException;
+
+    /**
+     * Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or
+     * some other thread interrupts the current thread, or a certain
+     * amount of real time has elapsed.
+     * <p>
+     * This method is similar to the <code>wait</code> method of one
+     * argument, but it allows finer control over the amount of time to
+     * wait for a notification before giving up. The amount of real time,
+     * measured in nanoseconds, is given by:
+     * <blockquote>
+     * <pre>
+     * 1000000*timeout+nanos</pre></blockquote>
+     * <p>
+     * In all other respects, this method does the same thing as the
+     * method {@link #wait(long)} of one argument. In particular,
+     * <tt>wait(0, 0)</tt> means the same thing as <tt>wait(0)</tt>.
+     * <p>
+     * The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread
+     * releases ownership of this monitor and waits until either of the
+     * following two conditions has occurred:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>Another thread notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor
+     *     to wake up either through a call to the <code>notify</code> method
+     *     or the <code>notifyAll</code> method.
+     * <li>The timeout period, specified by <code>timeout</code>
+     *     milliseconds plus <code>nanos</code> nanoseconds arguments, has
+     *     elapsed.
+     * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * The thread then waits until it can re-obtain ownership of the
+     * monitor and resumes execution.
+     * <p>
+     * As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are
+     * possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:
+     * <pre>
+     *     synchronized (obj) {
+     *         while (&lt;condition does not hold&gt;)
+     *             obj.wait(timeout, nanos);
+     *         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
+     *     }
+     * </pre>
+     * This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner
+     * of this object's monitor. See the <code>notify</code> method for a
+     * description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of
+     * a monitor.
+     *
+     * @param      timeout   the maximum time to wait in milliseconds.
+     * @param      nanos      additional time, in nanoseconds range
+     *                       0-999999.
+     * @exception  IllegalArgumentException      if the value of timeout is
+     *                      negative or the value of nanos is
+     *                      not in the range 0-999999.
+     * @exception  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
+     *               the owner of this object's monitor.
+     * @exception  InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the
+     *             current thread before or while the current thread
+     *             was waiting for a notification.  The <i>interrupted
+     *             status</i> of the current thread is cleared when
+     *             this exception is thrown.
+     */
+    public final void wait(long timeout, int nanos) throws InterruptedException {
+        if (timeout < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
+        }
+
+        if (nanos < 0 || nanos > 999999) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                                "nanosecond timeout value out of range");
+        }
+
+        if (nanos >= 500000 || (nanos != 0 && timeout == 0)) {
+            timeout++;
+        }
+
+        wait(timeout);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the
+     * {@link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object.
+     * In other words, this method behaves exactly as if it simply
+     * performs the call <tt>wait(0)</tt>.
+     * <p>
+     * The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread
+     * releases ownership of this monitor and waits until another thread
+     * notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor to wake up
+     * either through a call to the <code>notify</code> method or the
+     * <code>notifyAll</code> method. The thread then waits until it can
+     * re-obtain ownership of the monitor and resumes execution.
+     * <p>
+     * As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are
+     * possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:
+     * <pre>
+     *     synchronized (obj) {
+     *         while (&lt;condition does not hold&gt;)
+     *             obj.wait();
+     *         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
+     *     }
+     * </pre>
+     * This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner
+     * of this object's monitor. See the <code>notify</code> method for a
+     * description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of
+     * a monitor.
+     *
+     * @exception  IllegalMonitorStateException  if the current thread is not
+     *               the owner of the object's monitor.
+     * @exception  InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the
+     *             current thread before or while the current thread
+     *             was waiting for a notification.  The <i>interrupted
+     *             status</i> of the current thread is cleared when
+     *             this exception is thrown.
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notify()
+     * @see        java.lang.Object#notifyAll()
+     */
+    public final void wait() throws InterruptedException {
+        wait(0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection
+     * determines that there are no more references to the object.
+     * A subclass overrides the <code>finalize</code> method to dispose of
+     * system resources or to perform other cleanup.
+     * <p>
+     * The general contract of <tt>finalize</tt> is that it is invoked
+     * if and when the Java<font size="-2"><sup>TM</sup></font> virtual
+     * machine has determined that there is no longer any
+     * means by which this object can be accessed by any thread that has
+     * not yet died, except as a result of an action taken by the
+     * finalization of some other object or class which is ready to be
+     * finalized. The <tt>finalize</tt> method may take any action, including
+     * making this object available again to other threads; the usual purpose
+     * of <tt>finalize</tt>, however, is to perform cleanup actions before
+     * the object is irrevocably discarded. For example, the finalize method
+     * for an object that represents an input/output connection might perform
+     * explicit I/O transactions to break the connection before the object is
+     * permanently discarded.
+     * <p>
+     * The <tt>finalize</tt> method of class <tt>Object</tt> performs no
+     * special action; it simply returns normally. Subclasses of
+     * <tt>Object</tt> may override this definition.
+     * <p>
+     * The Java programming language does not guarantee which thread will
+     * invoke the <tt>finalize</tt> method for any given object. It is
+     * guaranteed, however, that the thread that invokes finalize will not
+     * be holding any user-visible synchronization locks when finalize is
+     * invoked. If an uncaught exception is thrown by the finalize method,
+     * the exception is ignored and finalization of that object terminates.
+     * <p>
+     * After the <tt>finalize</tt> method has been invoked for an object, no
+     * further action is taken until the Java virtual machine has again
+     * determined that there is no longer any means by which this object can
+     * be accessed by any thread that has not yet died, including possible
+     * actions by other objects or classes which are ready to be finalized,
+     * at which point the object may be discarded.
+     * <p>
+     * The <tt>finalize</tt> method is never invoked more than once by a Java
+     * virtual machine for any given object.
+     * <p>
+     * Any exception thrown by the <code>finalize</code> method causes
+     * the finalization of this object to be halted, but is otherwise
+     * ignored.
+     *
+     * @throws Throwable the <code>Exception</code> raised by this method
+     */
+    protected void finalize() throws Throwable { }
+}