test/jdk/sun/security/krb5/auto/KDC.java
changeset 47216 71c04702a3d5
parent 47005 dbfaf076da58
child 47226 4f029f064481
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/test/jdk/sun/security/krb5/auto/KDC.java	Tue Sep 12 19:03:39 2017 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1533 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.io.*;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+import sun.security.krb5.*;
+import sun.security.krb5.internal.*;
+import sun.security.krb5.internal.ccache.CredentialsCache;
+import sun.security.krb5.internal.crypto.EType;
+import sun.security.krb5.internal.crypto.KeyUsage;
+import sun.security.krb5.internal.ktab.KeyTab;
+import sun.security.util.DerInputStream;
+import sun.security.util.DerOutputStream;
+import sun.security.util.DerValue;
+
+/**
+ * A KDC server.
+ * <p>
+ * Features:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li> Supports TCP and UDP
+ * <li> Supports AS-REQ and TGS-REQ
+ * <li> Principal db and other settings hard coded in application
+ * <li> Options, say, request preauth or not
+ * </ol>
+ * Side effects:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li> The Sun-internal class <code>sun.security.krb5.Config</code> is a
+ * singleton and initialized according to Kerberos settings (krb5.conf and
+ * java.security.krb5.* system properties). This means once it's initialized
+ * it will not automatically notice any changes to these settings (or file
+ * changes of krb5.conf). The KDC class normally does not touch these
+ * settings (except for the <code>writeKtab()</code> method). However, to make
+ * sure nothing ever goes wrong, if you want to make any changes to these
+ * settings after calling a KDC method, call <code>Config.refresh()</code> to
+ * make sure your changes are reflected in the <code>Config</code> object.
+ * </ol>
+ * System properties recognized:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>test.kdc.save.ccache
+ * </ul>
+ * Issues and TODOs:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li> Generates krb5.conf to be used on another machine, currently the kdc is
+ * always localhost
+ * <li> More options to KDC, say, error output, say, response nonce !=
+ * request nonce
+ * </ol>
+ * Note: This program uses internal krb5 classes (including reflection to
+ * access private fields and methods).
+ * <p>
+ * Usages:
+ * <p>
+ * 1. Init and start the KDC:
+ * <pre>
+ * KDC kdc = KDC.create("REALM.NAME", port, isDaemon);
+ * KDC kdc = KDC.create("REALM.NAME");
+ * </pre>
+ * Here, <code>port</code> is the UDP and TCP port number the KDC server
+ * listens on. If zero, a random port is chosen, which you can use getPort()
+ * later to retrieve the value.
+ * <p>
+ * If <code>isDaemon</code> is true, the KDC worker threads will be daemons.
+ * <p>
+ * The shortcut <code>KDC.create("REALM.NAME")</code> has port=0 and
+ * isDaemon=false, and is commonly used in an embedded KDC.
+ * <p>
+ * 2. Adding users:
+ * <pre>
+ * kdc.addPrincipal(String principal_name, char[] password);
+ * kdc.addPrincipalRandKey(String principal_name);
+ * </pre>
+ * A service principal's name should look like "host/f.q.d.n". The second form
+ * generates a random key. To expose this key, call <code>writeKtab()</code> to
+ * save the keys into a keytab file.
+ * <p>
+ * Note that you need to add the principal name krbtgt/REALM.NAME yourself.
+ * <p>
+ * Note that you can safely add a principal at any time after the KDC is
+ * started and before a user requests info on this principal.
+ * <p>
+ * 3. Other public methods:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li> <code>getPort</code>: Returns the port number the KDC uses
+ * <li> <code>getRealm</code>: Returns the realm name
+ * <li> <code>writeKtab</code>: Writes all principals' keys into a keytab file
+ * <li> <code>saveConfig</code>: Saves a krb5.conf file to access this KDC
+ * <li> <code>setOption</code>: Sets various options
+ * </ul>
+ * Read the javadoc for details. Lazy developer can use <code>OneKDC</code>
+ * directly.
+ */
+public class KDC {
+
+    public static final int DEFAULT_LIFETIME = 39600;
+    public static final int DEFAULT_RENEWTIME = 86400;
+
+    public static String NOT_EXISTING_HOST = "not.existing.host";
+
+    // Under the hood.
+
+    // The random generator to generate random keys (including session keys)
+    private static SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+
+    // Principal db. principal -> pass. A case-insensitive TreeMap is used
+    // so that even if the client provides a name with different case, the KDC
+    // can still locate the principal and give back correct salt.
+    private TreeMap<String,char[]> passwords = new TreeMap<>
+            (String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
+
+    // Realm name
+    private String realm;
+    // KDC
+    private String kdc;
+    // Service port number
+    private int port;
+    // The request/response job queue
+    private BlockingQueue<Job> q = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(100);
+    // Options
+    private Map<Option,Object> options = new HashMap<>();
+    // Realm-specific krb5.conf settings
+    private List<String> conf = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    private Thread thread1, thread2, thread3;
+    private volatile boolean udpConsumerReady = false;
+    private volatile boolean tcpConsumerReady = false;
+    private volatile boolean dispatcherReady = false;
+    DatagramSocket u1 = null;
+    ServerSocket t1 = null;
+
+    public static enum KtabMode { APPEND, EXISTING };
+
+    /**
+     * Option names, to be expanded forever.
+     */
+    public static enum Option {
+        /**
+         * Whether pre-authentication is required. Default Boolean.TRUE
+         */
+        PREAUTH_REQUIRED,
+        /**
+         * Only issue TGT in RC4
+         */
+        ONLY_RC4_TGT,
+        /**
+         * Use RC4 as the first in preauth
+         */
+        RC4_FIRST_PREAUTH,
+        /**
+         * Use only one preauth, so that some keys are not easy to generate
+         */
+        ONLY_ONE_PREAUTH,
+        /**
+         * Set all name-type to a value in response
+         */
+        RESP_NT,
+        /**
+         * Multiple ETYPE-INFO-ENTRY with same etype but different salt
+         */
+        DUP_ETYPE,
+        /**
+         * What backend server can be delegated to
+         */
+        OK_AS_DELEGATE,
+        /**
+         * Allow S4U2self, List<String> of middle servers.
+         * If not set, means KDC does not understand S4U2self at all, therefore
+         * would ignore any PA-FOR-USER request and send a ticket using the
+         * cname of teh requestor. If set, it returns FORWARDABLE tickets to
+         * a server with its name in the list
+         */
+        ALLOW_S4U2SELF,
+        /**
+         * Allow S4U2proxy, Map<String,List<String>> of middle servers to
+         * backends. If not set or a backend not in a server's list,
+         * Krb5.KDC_ERR_POLICY will be send for S4U2proxy request.
+         */
+        ALLOW_S4U2PROXY,
+        /**
+         * Sensitive accounts can never be delegated.
+         */
+        SENSITIVE_ACCOUNTS,
+        /**
+         * If true, will check if TGS-REQ contains a non-null addresses field.
+         */
+        CHECK_ADDRESSES,
+    };
+
+    static {
+        if (System.getProperty("jdk.net.hosts.file") == null) {
+            String hostsFileName = System.getProperty("test.src", ".") + "/TestHosts";
+            System.setProperty("jdk.net.hosts.file", hostsFileName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A standalone KDC server.
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        int port = args.length > 0 ? Integer.parseInt(args[0]) : 0;
+        KDC kdc = create("RABBIT.HOLE", "kdc.rabbit.hole", port, false);
+        kdc.addPrincipal("dummy", "bogus".toCharArray());
+        kdc.addPrincipal("foo", "bar".toCharArray());
+        kdc.addPrincipalRandKey("krbtgt/RABBIT.HOLE");
+        kdc.addPrincipalRandKey("server/host.rabbit.hole");
+        kdc.addPrincipalRandKey("backend/host.rabbit.hole");
+        KDC.saveConfig("krb5.conf", kdc, "forwardable = true");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and starts a KDC running as a daemon on a random port.
+     * @param realm the realm name
+     * @return the running KDC instance
+     * @throws java.io.IOException for any socket creation error
+     */
+    public static KDC create(String realm) throws IOException {
+        return create(realm, "kdc." + realm.toLowerCase(Locale.US), 0, true);
+    }
+
+    public static KDC existing(String realm, String kdc, int port) {
+        KDC k = new KDC(realm, kdc);
+        k.port = port;
+        return k;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and starts a KDC server.
+     * @param realm the realm name
+     * @param port the TCP and UDP port to listen to. A random port will to
+     *        chosen if zero.
+     * @param asDaemon if true, KDC threads will be daemons. Otherwise, not.
+     * @return the running KDC instance
+     * @throws java.io.IOException for any socket creation error
+     */
+    public static KDC create(String realm, String kdc, int port, boolean asDaemon) throws IOException {
+        return new KDC(realm, kdc, port, asDaemon);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets an option
+     * @param key the option name
+     * @param value the value
+     */
+    public void setOption(Option key, Object value) {
+        if (value == null) {
+            options.remove(key);
+        } else {
+            options.put(key, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes or appends keys into a keytab.
+     * <p>
+     * Attention: This is the most basic one of a series of methods below on
+     * keytab creation or modification. All these methods reference krb5.conf
+     * settings. If you need to modify krb5.conf or switch to another krb5.conf
+     * later, please call <code>Config.refresh()</code> again. For example:
+     * <pre>
+     * kdc.writeKtab("/etc/kdc/ktab", true);  // Config is initialized,
+     * System.setProperty("java.security.krb5.conf", "/home/mykrb5.conf");
+     * Config.refresh();
+     * </pre>
+     * Inside this method there are 2 places krb5.conf is used:
+     * <ol>
+     * <li> (Fatal) Generating keys: EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKeys
+     * <li> (Has workaround) Creating PrincipalName
+     * </ol>
+     * @param tab the keytab file name
+     * @param append true if append, otherwise, overwrite.
+     * @param names the names to write into, write all if names is empty
+     */
+    public void writeKtab(String tab, boolean append, String... names)
+            throws IOException, KrbException {
+        KeyTab ktab = append ? KeyTab.getInstance(tab) : KeyTab.create(tab);
+        Iterable<String> entries =
+                (names.length != 0) ? Arrays.asList(names): passwords.keySet();
+        for (String name : entries) {
+            char[] pass = passwords.get(name);
+            int kvno = 0;
+            if (Character.isDigit(pass[pass.length-1])) {
+                kvno = pass[pass.length-1] - '0';
+            }
+            PrincipalName pn = new PrincipalName(name,
+                        name.indexOf('/') < 0 ?
+                            PrincipalName.KRB_NT_UNKNOWN :
+                            PrincipalName.KRB_NT_SRV_HST);
+            ktab.addEntry(pn,
+                        getSalt(pn),
+                        pass,
+                        kvno,
+                        true);
+        }
+        ktab.save();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes all principals' keys from multiple KDCs into one keytab file.
+     * @throws java.io.IOException for any file output error
+     * @throws sun.security.krb5.KrbException for any realm and/or principal
+     *         name error.
+     */
+    public static void writeMultiKtab(String tab, KDC... kdcs)
+            throws IOException, KrbException {
+        KeyTab.create(tab).save();      // Empty the old keytab
+        appendMultiKtab(tab, kdcs);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends all principals' keys from multiple KDCs to one keytab file.
+     */
+    public static void appendMultiKtab(String tab, KDC... kdcs)
+            throws IOException, KrbException {
+        for (KDC kdc: kdcs) {
+            kdc.writeKtab(tab, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write a ktab for this KDC.
+     */
+    public void writeKtab(String tab) throws IOException, KrbException {
+        writeKtab(tab, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends keys in this KDC to a ktab.
+     */
+    public void appendKtab(String tab) throws IOException, KrbException {
+        writeKtab(tab, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a new principal to this realm with a given password.
+     * @param user the principal's name. For a service principal, use the
+     *        form of host/f.q.d.n
+     * @param pass the password for the principal
+     */
+    public void addPrincipal(String user, char[] pass) {
+        if (user.indexOf('@') < 0) {
+            user = user + "@" + realm;
+        }
+        passwords.put(user, pass);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a new principal to this realm with a random password
+     * @param user the principal's name. For a service principal, use the
+     *        form of host/f.q.d.n
+     */
+    public void addPrincipalRandKey(String user) {
+        addPrincipal(user, randomPassword());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the name of this realm
+     * @return the name of this realm
+     */
+    public String getRealm() {
+        return realm;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the name of kdc
+     * @return the name of kdc
+     */
+    public String getKDC() {
+        return kdc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add realm-specific krb5.conf setting
+     */
+    public void addConf(String s) {
+        conf.add(s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a krb5.conf for one or more KDC that includes KDC locations for
+     * each realm and the default realm name. You can also add extra strings
+     * into the file. The method should be called like:
+     * <pre>
+     *   KDC.saveConfig("krb5.conf", kdc1, kdc2, ..., line1, line2, ...);
+     * </pre>
+     * Here you can provide one or more kdc# and zero or more line# arguments.
+     * The line# will be put after [libdefaults] and before [realms]. Therefore
+     * you can append new lines into [libdefaults] and/or create your new
+     * stanzas as well. Note that a newline character will be appended to
+     * each line# argument.
+     * <p>
+     * For example:
+     * <pre>
+     * KDC.saveConfig("krb5.conf", this);
+     * </pre>
+     * generates:
+     * <pre>
+     * [libdefaults]
+     * default_realm = REALM.NAME
+     *
+     * [realms]
+     *   REALM.NAME = {
+     *     kdc = host:port_number
+     *     # realm-specific settings
+     *   }
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * Another example:
+     * <pre>
+     * KDC.saveConfig("krb5.conf", kdc1, kdc2, "forwardable = true", "",
+     *         "[domain_realm]",
+     *         ".kdc1.com = KDC1.NAME");
+     * </pre>
+     * generates:
+     * <pre>
+     * [libdefaults]
+     * default_realm = KDC1.NAME
+     * forwardable = true
+     *
+     * [domain_realm]
+     * .kdc1.com = KDC1.NAME
+     *
+     * [realms]
+     *   KDC1.NAME = {
+     *     kdc = host:port1
+     *   }
+     *   KDC2.NAME = {
+     *     kdc = host:port2
+     *   }
+     * </pre>
+     * @param file the name of the file to write into
+     * @param kdc the first (and default) KDC
+     * @param more more KDCs or extra lines (in their appearing order) to
+     * insert into the krb5.conf file. This method reads each argument's type
+     * to determine what it's for. This argument can be empty.
+     * @throws java.io.IOException for any file output error
+     */
+    public static void saveConfig(String file, KDC kdc, Object... more)
+            throws IOException {
+        File f = new File(file);
+        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        sb.append("[libdefaults]\ndefault_realm = ");
+        sb.append(kdc.realm);
+        sb.append("\n");
+        for (Object o: more) {
+            if (o instanceof String) {
+                sb.append(o);
+                sb.append("\n");
+            }
+        }
+        sb.append("\n[realms]\n");
+        sb.append(kdc.realmLine());
+        for (Object o: more) {
+            if (o instanceof KDC) {
+                sb.append(((KDC)o).realmLine());
+            }
+        }
+        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(f);
+        fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
+        fos.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the service port of the KDC server.
+     * @return the KDC service port
+     */
+    public int getPort() {
+        return port;
+    }
+
+    // Private helper methods
+
+    /**
+     * Private constructor, cannot be called outside.
+     * @param realm
+     */
+    private KDC(String realm, String kdc) {
+        this.realm = realm;
+        this.kdc = kdc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A constructor that starts the KDC service also.
+     */
+    protected KDC(String realm, String kdc, int port, boolean asDaemon)
+            throws IOException {
+        this(realm, kdc);
+        startServer(port, asDaemon);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Generates a 32-char random password
+     * @return the password
+     */
+    private static char[] randomPassword() {
+        char[] pass = new char[32];
+        for (int i=0; i<31; i++)
+            pass[i] = (char)secureRandom.nextInt();
+        // The last char cannot be a number, otherwise, keyForUser()
+        // believes it's a sign of kvno
+        pass[31] = 'Z';
+        return pass;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a random key for the given encryption type.
+     * @param eType the encryption type
+     * @return the generated key
+     * @throws sun.security.krb5.KrbException for unknown/unsupported etype
+     */
+    private static EncryptionKey generateRandomKey(int eType)
+            throws KrbException  {
+        // Is 32 enough for AES256? I should have generated the keys directly
+        // but different cryptos have different rules on what keys are valid.
+        char[] pass = randomPassword();
+        String algo;
+        switch (eType) {
+            case EncryptedData.ETYPE_DES_CBC_MD5: algo = "DES"; break;
+            case EncryptedData.ETYPE_DES3_CBC_HMAC_SHA1_KD: algo = "DESede"; break;
+            case EncryptedData.ETYPE_AES128_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96: algo = "AES128"; break;
+            case EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC: algo = "ArcFourHMAC"; break;
+            case EncryptedData.ETYPE_AES256_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96: algo = "AES256"; break;
+            default: algo = "DES"; break;
+        }
+        return new EncryptionKey(pass, "NOTHING", algo);    // Silly
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the password for a given principal
+     * @param p principal
+     * @return the password
+     * @throws sun.security.krb5.KrbException when the principal is not inside
+     *         the database.
+     */
+    private char[] getPassword(PrincipalName p, boolean server)
+            throws KrbException {
+        String pn = p.toString();
+        if (p.getRealmString() == null) {
+            pn = pn + "@" + getRealm();
+        }
+        char[] pass = passwords.get(pn);
+        if (pass == null) {
+            throw new KrbException(server?
+                Krb5.KDC_ERR_S_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN:
+                Krb5.KDC_ERR_C_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN, pn.toString());
+        }
+        return pass;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the salt string for the principal.
+     * @param p principal
+     * @return the salt
+     */
+    protected String getSalt(PrincipalName p) {
+        String pn = p.toString();
+        if (p.getRealmString() == null) {
+            pn = pn + "@" + getRealm();
+        }
+        if (passwords.containsKey(pn)) {
+            try {
+                // Find the principal name with correct case.
+                p = new PrincipalName(passwords.ceilingEntry(pn).getKey());
+            } catch (RealmException re) {
+                // Won't happen
+            }
+        }
+        String s = p.getRealmString();
+        if (s == null) s = getRealm();
+        for (String n: p.getNameStrings()) {
+            s += n;
+        }
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the key for a given principal of the given encryption type
+     * @param p the principal
+     * @param etype the encryption type
+     * @param server looking for a server principal?
+     * @return the key
+     * @throws sun.security.krb5.KrbException for unknown/unsupported etype
+     */
+    private EncryptionKey keyForUser(PrincipalName p, int etype, boolean server)
+            throws KrbException {
+        try {
+            // Do not call EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKeys(), otherwise
+            // the krb5.conf config file would be loaded.
+            Integer kvno = null;
+            // For service whose password ending with a number, use it as kvno.
+            // Kvno must be postive.
+            if (p.toString().indexOf('/') > 0) {
+                char[] pass = getPassword(p, server);
+                if (Character.isDigit(pass[pass.length-1])) {
+                    kvno = pass[pass.length-1] - '0';
+                }
+            }
+            return new EncryptionKey(EncryptionKeyDotStringToKey(
+                    getPassword(p, server), getSalt(p), null, etype),
+                    etype, kvno);
+        } catch (KrbException ke) {
+            throw ke;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);  // should not happen
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Processes an incoming request and generates a response.
+     * @param in the request
+     * @return the response
+     * @throws java.lang.Exception for various errors
+     */
+    protected byte[] processMessage(byte[] in) throws Exception {
+        if ((in[0] & 0x1f) == Krb5.KRB_AS_REQ)
+            return processAsReq(in);
+        else
+            return processTgsReq(in);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Processes a TGS_REQ and generates a TGS_REP (or KRB_ERROR)
+     * @param in the request
+     * @return the response
+     * @throws java.lang.Exception for various errors
+     */
+    protected byte[] processTgsReq(byte[] in) throws Exception {
+        TGSReq tgsReq = new TGSReq(in);
+        PrincipalName service = tgsReq.reqBody.sname;
+        if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.RESP_NT)) {
+            service = new PrincipalName((int)options.get(KDC.Option.RESP_NT),
+                    service.getNameStrings(), service.getRealm());
+        }
+        try {
+            System.out.println(realm + "> " + tgsReq.reqBody.cname +
+                    " sends TGS-REQ for " +
+                    service + ", " + tgsReq.reqBody.kdcOptions);
+            KDCReqBody body = tgsReq.reqBody;
+            int[] eTypes = KDCReqBodyDotEType(body);
+            int e2 = eTypes[0];     // etype for outgoing session key
+            int e3 = eTypes[0];     // etype for outgoing ticket
+
+            PAData[] pas = KDCReqDotPAData(tgsReq);
+
+            Ticket tkt = null;
+            EncTicketPart etp = null;
+
+            PrincipalName cname = null;
+            boolean allowForwardable = true;
+
+            if (pas == null || pas.length == 0) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_PADATA_TYPE_NOSUPP);
+            } else {
+                PrincipalName forUserCName = null;
+                for (PAData pa: pas) {
+                    if (pa.getType() == Krb5.PA_TGS_REQ) {
+                        APReq apReq = new APReq(pa.getValue());
+                        EncryptedData ed = apReq.authenticator;
+                        tkt = apReq.ticket;
+                        int te = tkt.encPart.getEType();
+                        EncryptionKey kkey = keyForUser(tkt.sname, te, true);
+                        byte[] bb = tkt.encPart.decrypt(kkey, KeyUsage.KU_TICKET);
+                        DerInputStream derIn = new DerInputStream(bb);
+                        DerValue der = derIn.getDerValue();
+                        etp = new EncTicketPart(der.toByteArray());
+                        // Finally, cname will be overwritten by PA-FOR-USER
+                        // if it exists.
+                        cname = etp.cname;
+                        System.out.println(realm + "> presenting a ticket of "
+                                + etp.cname + " to " + tkt.sname);
+                    } else if (pa.getType() == Krb5.PA_FOR_USER) {
+                        if (options.containsKey(Option.ALLOW_S4U2SELF)) {
+                            PAForUserEnc p4u = new PAForUserEnc(
+                                    new DerValue(pa.getValue()), null);
+                            forUserCName = p4u.name;
+                            System.out.println(realm + "> presenting a PA_FOR_USER "
+                                    + " in the name of " + p4u.name);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if (forUserCName != null) {
+                    List<String> names = (List<String>)options.get(Option.ALLOW_S4U2SELF);
+                    if (!names.contains(cname.toString())) {
+                        // Mimic the normal KDC behavior. When a server is not
+                        // allowed to send S4U2self, do not send an error.
+                        // Instead, send a ticket which is useless later.
+                        allowForwardable = false;
+                    }
+                    cname = forUserCName;
+                }
+                if (tkt == null) {
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_PADATA_TYPE_NOSUPP);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Session key for original ticket, TGT
+            EncryptionKey ckey = etp.key;
+
+            // Session key for session with the service
+            EncryptionKey key = generateRandomKey(e2);
+
+            // Check time, TODO
+            KerberosTime till = body.till;
+            if (till == null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_NEVER_VALID); // TODO
+            } else if (till.isZero()) {
+                till = new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * DEFAULT_LIFETIME);
+            }
+
+            boolean[] bFlags = new boolean[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_MAX+1];
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.FORWARDABLE)
+                    && allowForwardable) {
+                List<String> sensitives = (List<String>)
+                        options.get(Option.SENSITIVE_ACCOUNTS);
+                if (sensitives != null && sensitives.contains(cname.toString())) {
+                    // Cannot make FORWARDABLE
+                } else {
+                    bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_FORWARDABLE] = true;
+                }
+            }
+            // We do not request for addresses for FORWARDED tickets
+            if (options.containsKey(Option.CHECK_ADDRESSES)
+                    && body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.FORWARDED)
+                    && body.addresses != null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_BADOPTION);
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.FORWARDED) ||
+                    etp.flags.get(Krb5.TKT_OPTS_FORWARDED)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_FORWARDED] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.RENEWABLE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_RENEWABLE] = true;
+                //renew = new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 3600 * 24 * 7);
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.PROXIABLE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_PROXIABLE] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.POSTDATED)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_POSTDATED] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.ALLOW_POSTDATE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_MAY_POSTDATE] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.CNAME_IN_ADDL_TKT)) {
+                if (!options.containsKey(Option.ALLOW_S4U2PROXY)) {
+                    // Don't understand CNAME_IN_ADDL_TKT
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_BADOPTION);
+                } else {
+                    Map<String,List<String>> map = (Map<String,List<String>>)
+                            options.get(Option.ALLOW_S4U2PROXY);
+                    Ticket second = KDCReqBodyDotFirstAdditionalTicket(body);
+                    EncryptionKey key2 = keyForUser(second.sname, second.encPart.getEType(), true);
+                    byte[] bb = second.encPart.decrypt(key2, KeyUsage.KU_TICKET);
+                    DerInputStream derIn = new DerInputStream(bb);
+                    DerValue der = derIn.getDerValue();
+                    EncTicketPart tktEncPart = new EncTicketPart(der.toByteArray());
+                    if (!tktEncPart.flags.get(Krb5.TKT_OPTS_FORWARDABLE)) {
+                        //throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_BADOPTION);
+                    }
+                    PrincipalName client = tktEncPart.cname;
+                    System.out.println(realm + "> and an additional ticket of "
+                            + client + " to " + second.sname);
+                    if (map.containsKey(cname.toString())) {
+                        if (map.get(cname.toString()).contains(service.toString())) {
+                            System.out.println(realm + "> S4U2proxy OK");
+                        } else {
+                            throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_BADOPTION);
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_BADOPTION);
+                    }
+                    cname = client;
+                }
+            }
+
+            String okAsDelegate = (String)options.get(Option.OK_AS_DELEGATE);
+            if (okAsDelegate != null && (
+                    okAsDelegate.isEmpty() ||
+                    okAsDelegate.contains(service.getNameString()))) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_DELEGATE] = true;
+            }
+            bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_INITIAL] = true;
+
+            KerberosTime renewTill = etp.renewTill;
+            if (renewTill != null && body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.RENEW)) {
+                // till should never pass renewTill
+                if (till.greaterThan(renewTill)) {
+                    till = renewTill;
+                }
+                if (System.getProperty("test.set.null.renew") != null) {
+                    // Testing 8186576, see NullRenewUntil.java.
+                    renewTill = null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            TicketFlags tFlags = new TicketFlags(bFlags);
+            EncTicketPart enc = new EncTicketPart(
+                    tFlags,
+                    key,
+                    cname,
+                    new TransitedEncoding(1, new byte[0]),  // TODO
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                    body.from,
+                    till, renewTill,
+                    body.addresses != null ? body.addresses
+                            : etp.caddr,
+                    null);
+            EncryptionKey skey = keyForUser(service, e3, true);
+            if (skey == null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_SUMTYPE_NOSUPP); // TODO
+            }
+            Ticket t = new Ticket(
+                    System.getProperty("test.kdc.diff.sname") != null ?
+                        new PrincipalName("xx" + service.toString()) :
+                        service,
+                    new EncryptedData(skey, enc.asn1Encode(), KeyUsage.KU_TICKET)
+            );
+            EncTGSRepPart enc_part = new EncTGSRepPart(
+                    key,
+                    new LastReq(new LastReqEntry[]{
+                        new LastReqEntry(0, new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() - 10000))
+                    }),
+                    body.getNonce(),    // TODO: detect replay
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 3600 * 24),
+                    // Next 5 and last MUST be same with ticket
+                    tFlags,
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                    body.from,
+                    till, renewTill,
+                    service,
+                    body.addresses
+                    );
+            EncryptedData edata = new EncryptedData(ckey, enc_part.asn1Encode(), KeyUsage.KU_ENC_TGS_REP_PART_SESSKEY);
+            TGSRep tgsRep = new TGSRep(null,
+                    cname,
+                    t,
+                    edata);
+            System.out.println("     Return " + tgsRep.cname
+                    + " ticket for " + tgsRep.ticket.sname + ", flags "
+                    + tFlags);
+
+            DerOutputStream out = new DerOutputStream();
+            out.write(DerValue.createTag(DerValue.TAG_APPLICATION,
+                    true, (byte)Krb5.KRB_TGS_REP), tgsRep.asn1Encode());
+            return out.toByteArray();
+        } catch (KrbException ke) {
+            ke.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            KRBError kerr = ke.getError();
+            KDCReqBody body = tgsReq.reqBody;
+            System.out.println("     Error " + ke.returnCode()
+                    + " " +ke.returnCodeMessage());
+            if (kerr == null) {
+                kerr = new KRBError(null, null, null,
+                        new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                        0,
+                        ke.returnCode(),
+                        body.cname,
+                        service,
+                        KrbException.errorMessage(ke.returnCode()),
+                        null);
+            }
+            return kerr.asn1Encode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Processes a AS_REQ and generates a AS_REP (or KRB_ERROR)
+     * @param in the request
+     * @return the response
+     * @throws java.lang.Exception for various errors
+     */
+    protected byte[] processAsReq(byte[] in) throws Exception {
+        ASReq asReq = new ASReq(in);
+        int[] eTypes = null;
+        List<PAData> outPAs = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        PrincipalName service = asReq.reqBody.sname;
+        if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.RESP_NT)) {
+            service = new PrincipalName((int)options.get(KDC.Option.RESP_NT),
+                    service.getNameStrings(),
+                    Realm.getDefault());
+        }
+        try {
+            System.out.println(realm + "> " + asReq.reqBody.cname +
+                    " sends AS-REQ for " +
+                    service + ", " + asReq.reqBody.kdcOptions);
+
+            KDCReqBody body = asReq.reqBody;
+
+            eTypes = KDCReqBodyDotEType(body);
+            int eType = eTypes[0];
+
+            // Maybe server does not support aes256, but a kinit does
+            if (!EType.isSupported(eType)) {
+                if (eTypes.length < 2) {
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_ETYPE_NOSUPP);
+                }
+                eType = eTypes[1];
+            }
+
+            EncryptionKey ckey = keyForUser(body.cname, eType, false);
+            EncryptionKey skey = keyForUser(service, eType, true);
+
+            if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.ONLY_RC4_TGT)) {
+                int tgtEType = EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC;
+                boolean found = false;
+                for (int i=0; i<eTypes.length; i++) {
+                    if (eTypes[i] == tgtEType) {
+                        found = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!found) {
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_ETYPE_NOSUPP);
+                }
+                skey = keyForUser(service, tgtEType, true);
+            }
+            if (ckey == null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_ETYPE_NOSUPP);
+            }
+            if (skey == null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_SUMTYPE_NOSUPP); // TODO
+            }
+
+            // Session key
+            EncryptionKey key = generateRandomKey(eType);
+            // Check time, TODO
+            KerberosTime till = body.till;
+            KerberosTime rtime = body.rtime;
+            if (till == null) {
+                throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_NEVER_VALID); // TODO
+            } else if (till.isZero()) {
+                till = new KerberosTime(
+                        new Date().getTime() + 1000 * DEFAULT_LIFETIME);
+            } else if (till.greaterThan(new KerberosTime(Instant.now()
+                    .plus(1, ChronoUnit.DAYS)))) {
+                // If till is more than 1 day later, make it renewable
+                till = new KerberosTime(
+                        new Date().getTime() + 1000 * DEFAULT_LIFETIME);
+                body.kdcOptions.set(KDCOptions.RENEWABLE, true);
+                if (rtime == null) rtime = till;
+            }
+            if (rtime == null && body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.RENEWABLE)) {
+                rtime = new KerberosTime(
+                        new Date().getTime() + 1000 * DEFAULT_RENEWTIME);
+            }
+            //body.from
+            boolean[] bFlags = new boolean[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_MAX+1];
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.FORWARDABLE)) {
+                List<String> sensitives = (List<String>)
+                        options.get(Option.SENSITIVE_ACCOUNTS);
+                if (sensitives != null && sensitives.contains(body.cname.toString())) {
+                    // Cannot make FORWARDABLE
+                } else {
+                    bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_FORWARDABLE] = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.RENEWABLE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_RENEWABLE] = true;
+                //renew = new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 3600 * 24 * 7);
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.PROXIABLE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_PROXIABLE] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.POSTDATED)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_POSTDATED] = true;
+            }
+            if (body.kdcOptions.get(KDCOptions.ALLOW_POSTDATE)) {
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_MAY_POSTDATE] = true;
+            }
+            bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_INITIAL] = true;
+
+            // Creating PA-DATA
+            DerValue[] pas2 = null, pas = null;
+            if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.DUP_ETYPE)) {
+                int n = (Integer)options.get(KDC.Option.DUP_ETYPE);
+                switch (n) {
+                    case 1:     // customer's case in 7067974
+                        pas2 = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, null, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, "", null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, realm, new byte[]{1}).asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        pas = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, "").asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, realm).asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        break;
+                    case 2:     // we still reject non-null s2kparams and prefer E2 over E
+                        pas2 = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, realm, new byte[]{1}).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, null, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(1, "", null).asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        pas = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, realm).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, "").asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        break;
+                    case 3:     // but only E is wrong
+                        pas = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, realm).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, "").asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        break;
+                    case 4:     // we also ignore rc4-hmac
+                        pas = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(23, "ANYTHING").asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, null).asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, "").asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        break;
+                    case 5:     // "" should be wrong, but we accept it now
+                                // See s.s.k.internal.PAData$SaltAndParams
+                        pas = new DerValue[] {
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, "").asn1Encode()),
+                            new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(1, null).asn1Encode()),
+                        };
+                        break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                int[] epas = eTypes;
+                if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.RC4_FIRST_PREAUTH)) {
+                    for (int i=1; i<epas.length; i++) {
+                        if (epas[i] == EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC) {
+                            epas[i] = epas[0];
+                            epas[0] = EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    };
+                } else if (options.containsKey(KDC.Option.ONLY_ONE_PREAUTH)) {
+                    epas = new int[] { eTypes[0] };
+                }
+                pas2 = new DerValue[epas.length];
+                for (int i=0; i<epas.length; i++) {
+                    pas2[i] = new DerValue(new ETypeInfo2(
+                            epas[i],
+                            epas[i] == EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC ?
+                                null : getSalt(body.cname),
+                            null).asn1Encode());
+                }
+                boolean allOld = true;
+                for (int i: eTypes) {
+                    if (i == EncryptedData.ETYPE_AES128_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96 ||
+                            i == EncryptedData.ETYPE_AES256_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96) {
+                        allOld = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (allOld) {
+                    pas = new DerValue[epas.length];
+                    for (int i=0; i<epas.length; i++) {
+                        pas[i] = new DerValue(new ETypeInfo(
+                                epas[i],
+                                epas[i] == EncryptedData.ETYPE_ARCFOUR_HMAC ?
+                                    null : getSalt(body.cname)
+                                ).asn1Encode());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            DerOutputStream eid;
+            if (pas2 != null) {
+                eid = new DerOutputStream();
+                eid.putSequence(pas2);
+                outPAs.add(new PAData(Krb5.PA_ETYPE_INFO2, eid.toByteArray()));
+            }
+            if (pas != null) {
+                eid = new DerOutputStream();
+                eid.putSequence(pas);
+                outPAs.add(new PAData(Krb5.PA_ETYPE_INFO, eid.toByteArray()));
+            }
+
+            PAData[] inPAs = KDCReqDotPAData(asReq);
+            if (inPAs == null || inPAs.length == 0) {
+                Object preauth = options.get(Option.PREAUTH_REQUIRED);
+                if (preauth == null || preauth.equals(Boolean.TRUE)) {
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_REQUIRED);
+                }
+            } else {
+                try {
+                    EncryptedData data = newEncryptedData(new DerValue(inPAs[0].getValue()));
+                    EncryptionKey pakey = keyForUser(body.cname, data.getEType(), false);
+                    data.decrypt(pakey, KeyUsage.KU_PA_ENC_TS);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    throw new KrbException(Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED);
+                }
+                bFlags[Krb5.TKT_OPTS_PRE_AUTHENT] = true;
+            }
+
+            TicketFlags tFlags = new TicketFlags(bFlags);
+            EncTicketPart enc = new EncTicketPart(
+                    tFlags,
+                    key,
+                    body.cname,
+                    new TransitedEncoding(1, new byte[0]),
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                    body.from,
+                    till, rtime,
+                    body.addresses,
+                    null);
+            Ticket t = new Ticket(
+                    service,
+                    new EncryptedData(skey, enc.asn1Encode(), KeyUsage.KU_TICKET)
+            );
+            EncASRepPart enc_part = new EncASRepPart(
+                    key,
+                    new LastReq(new LastReqEntry[]{
+                        new LastReqEntry(0, new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() - 10000))
+                    }),
+                    body.getNonce(),    // TODO: detect replay?
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 3600 * 24),
+                    // Next 5 and last MUST be same with ticket
+                    tFlags,
+                    new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                    body.from,
+                    till, rtime,
+                    service,
+                    body.addresses
+                    );
+            EncryptedData edata = new EncryptedData(ckey, enc_part.asn1Encode(), KeyUsage.KU_ENC_AS_REP_PART);
+            ASRep asRep = new ASRep(
+                    outPAs.toArray(new PAData[outPAs.size()]),
+                    body.cname,
+                    t,
+                    edata);
+
+            System.out.println("     Return " + asRep.cname
+                    + " ticket for " + asRep.ticket.sname + ", flags "
+                    + tFlags);
+
+            DerOutputStream out = new DerOutputStream();
+            out.write(DerValue.createTag(DerValue.TAG_APPLICATION,
+                    true, (byte)Krb5.KRB_AS_REP), asRep.asn1Encode());
+            byte[] result = out.toByteArray();
+
+            // Added feature:
+            // Write the current issuing TGT into a ccache file specified
+            // by the system property below.
+            String ccache = System.getProperty("test.kdc.save.ccache");
+            if (ccache != null) {
+                asRep.encKDCRepPart = enc_part;
+                sun.security.krb5.internal.ccache.Credentials credentials =
+                    new sun.security.krb5.internal.ccache.Credentials(asRep);
+                CredentialsCache cache =
+                    CredentialsCache.create(asReq.reqBody.cname, ccache);
+                if (cache == null) {
+                   throw new IOException("Unable to create the cache file " +
+                                         ccache);
+                }
+                cache.update(credentials);
+                cache.save();
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        } catch (KrbException ke) {
+            ke.printStackTrace(System.out);
+            KRBError kerr = ke.getError();
+            KDCReqBody body = asReq.reqBody;
+            System.out.println("     Error " + ke.returnCode()
+                    + " " +ke.returnCodeMessage());
+            byte[] eData = null;
+            if (kerr == null) {
+                if (ke.returnCode() == Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_REQUIRED ||
+                        ke.returnCode() == Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED) {
+                    DerOutputStream bytes = new DerOutputStream();
+                    bytes.write(new PAData(Krb5.PA_ENC_TIMESTAMP, new byte[0]).asn1Encode());
+                    for (PAData p: outPAs) {
+                        bytes.write(p.asn1Encode());
+                    }
+                    DerOutputStream temp = new DerOutputStream();
+                    temp.write(DerValue.tag_Sequence, bytes);
+                    eData = temp.toByteArray();
+                }
+                kerr = new KRBError(null, null, null,
+                        new KerberosTime(new Date()),
+                        0,
+                        ke.returnCode(),
+                        body.cname,
+                        service,
+                        KrbException.errorMessage(ke.returnCode()),
+                        eData);
+            }
+            return kerr.asn1Encode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a line for a KDC to put inside [realms] of krb5.conf
+     * @return REALM.NAME = { kdc = host:port etc }
+     */
+    private String realmLine() {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        sb.append(realm).append(" = {\n    kdc = ")
+                .append(kdc).append(':').append(port).append('\n');
+        for (String s: conf) {
+            sb.append("    ").append(s).append('\n');
+        }
+        return sb.append("}\n").toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start the KDC service. This server listens on both UDP and TCP using
+     * the same port number. It uses three threads to deal with requests.
+     * They can be set to daemon threads if requested.
+     * @param port the port number to listen to. If zero, a random available
+     *  port no less than 8000 will be chosen and used.
+     * @param asDaemon true if the KDC threads should be daemons
+     * @throws java.io.IOException for any communication error
+     */
+    protected void startServer(int port, boolean asDaemon) throws IOException {
+        if (port > 0) {
+            u1 = new DatagramSocket(port, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
+            t1 = new ServerSocket(port);
+        } else {
+            while (true) {
+                // Try to find a port number that's both TCP and UDP free
+                try {
+                    port = 8000 + new java.util.Random().nextInt(10000);
+                    u1 = null;
+                    u1 = new DatagramSocket(port, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
+                    t1 = new ServerSocket(port);
+                    break;
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    if (u1 != null) u1.close();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        final DatagramSocket udp = u1;
+        final ServerSocket tcp = t1;
+        System.out.println("Start KDC on " + port);
+
+        this.port = port;
+
+        // The UDP consumer
+        thread1 = new Thread() {
+            public void run() {
+                udpConsumerReady = true;
+                while (true) {
+                    try {
+                        byte[] inbuf = new byte[8192];
+                        DatagramPacket p = new DatagramPacket(inbuf, inbuf.length);
+                        udp.receive(p);
+                        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------");
+                        System.out.println(">>>>> UDP packet received");
+                        q.put(new Job(processMessage(Arrays.copyOf(inbuf, p.getLength())), udp, p));
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        e.printStackTrace();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        thread1.setDaemon(asDaemon);
+        thread1.start();
+
+        // The TCP consumer
+        thread2 = new Thread() {
+            public void run() {
+                tcpConsumerReady = true;
+                while (true) {
+                    try {
+                        Socket socket = tcp.accept();
+                        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------");
+                        System.out.println(">>>>> TCP connection established");
+                        DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
+                        DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
+                        int len = in.readInt();
+                        if (len > 65535) {
+                            throw new Exception("Huge request not supported");
+                        }
+                        byte[] token = new byte[len];
+                        in.readFully(token);
+                        q.put(new Job(processMessage(token), socket, out));
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        e.printStackTrace();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        thread2.setDaemon(asDaemon);
+        thread2.start();
+
+        // The dispatcher
+        thread3 = new Thread() {
+            public void run() {
+                dispatcherReady = true;
+                while (true) {
+                    try {
+                        q.take().send();
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        thread3.setDaemon(true);
+        thread3.start();
+
+        // wait for the KDC is ready
+        try {
+            while (!isReady()) {
+                Thread.sleep(100);
+            }
+        } catch(InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean isReady() {
+        return udpConsumerReady && tcpConsumerReady && dispatcherReady;
+    }
+
+    public void terminate() {
+        try {
+            thread1.stop();
+            thread2.stop();
+            thread3.stop();
+            u1.close();
+            t1.close();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // OK
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static KDC startKDC(final String host, final String krbConfFileName,
+            final String realm, final Map<String, String> principals,
+            final String ktab, final KtabMode mode) {
+
+        KDC kdc;
+        try {
+            kdc = KDC.create(realm, host, 0, true);
+            kdc.setOption(KDC.Option.PREAUTH_REQUIRED, Boolean.FALSE);
+            if (krbConfFileName != null) {
+                KDC.saveConfig(krbConfFileName, kdc);
+            }
+
+            // Add principals
+            if (principals != null) {
+                principals.forEach((name, password) -> {
+                    if (password == null || password.isEmpty()) {
+                        System.out.println(String.format(
+                                "KDC:add a principal '%s' with a random " +
+                                        "password", name));
+                        kdc.addPrincipalRandKey(name);
+                    } else {
+                        System.out.println(String.format(
+                                "KDC:add a principal '%s' with '%s' password",
+                                name, password));
+                        kdc.addPrincipal(name, password.toCharArray());
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            // Create or append keys to existing keytab file
+            if (ktab != null) {
+                File ktabFile = new File(ktab);
+                switch(mode) {
+                    case APPEND:
+                        if (ktabFile.exists()) {
+                            System.out.println(String.format(
+                                    "KDC:append keys to an exising keytab "
+                                    + "file %s", ktab));
+                            kdc.appendKtab(ktab);
+                        } else {
+                            System.out.println(String.format(
+                                    "KDC:create a new keytab file %s", ktab));
+                            kdc.writeKtab(ktab);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case EXISTING:
+                        System.out.println(String.format(
+                                "KDC:use an existing keytab file %s", ktab));
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        throw new RuntimeException(String.format(
+                                "KDC:unsupported keytab mode: %s", mode));
+                }
+            }
+
+            System.out.println(String.format(
+                    "KDC: started on %s:%s with '%s' realm",
+                    host, kdc.getPort(), realm));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("KDC: unexpected exception", e);
+        }
+
+        return kdc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper class to encapsulate a job in a KDC.
+     */
+    private static class Job {
+        byte[] token;           // The received request at creation time and
+                                // the response at send time
+        Socket s;               // The TCP socket from where the request comes
+        DataOutputStream out;   // The OutputStream of the TCP socket
+        DatagramSocket s2;      // The UDP socket from where the request comes
+        DatagramPacket dp;      // The incoming UDP datagram packet
+        boolean useTCP;         // Whether TCP or UDP is used
+
+        // Creates a job object for TCP
+        Job(byte[] token, Socket s, DataOutputStream out) {
+            useTCP = true;
+            this.token = token;
+            this.s = s;
+            this.out = out;
+        }
+
+        // Creates a job object for UDP
+        Job(byte[] token, DatagramSocket s2, DatagramPacket dp) {
+            useTCP = false;
+            this.token = token;
+            this.s2 = s2;
+            this.dp = dp;
+        }
+
+        // Sends the output back to the client
+        void send() {
+            try {
+                if (useTCP) {
+                    System.out.println(">>>>> TCP request honored");
+                    out.writeInt(token.length);
+                    out.write(token);
+                    s.close();
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println(">>>>> UDP request honored");
+                    s2.send(new DatagramPacket(token, token.length, dp.getAddress(), dp.getPort()));
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                e.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Calling private methods thru reflections
+    private static final Field getPADataField;
+    private static final Field getEType;
+    private static final Constructor<EncryptedData> ctorEncryptedData;
+    private static final Method stringToKey;
+    private static final Field getAddlTkt;
+
+    static {
+        try {
+            ctorEncryptedData = EncryptedData.class.getDeclaredConstructor(DerValue.class);
+            ctorEncryptedData.setAccessible(true);
+            getPADataField = KDCReq.class.getDeclaredField("pAData");
+            getPADataField.setAccessible(true);
+            getEType = KDCReqBody.class.getDeclaredField("eType");
+            getEType.setAccessible(true);
+            stringToKey = EncryptionKey.class.getDeclaredMethod(
+                    "stringToKey",
+                    char[].class, String.class, byte[].class, Integer.TYPE);
+            stringToKey.setAccessible(true);
+            getAddlTkt = KDCReqBody.class.getDeclaredField("additionalTickets");
+            getAddlTkt.setAccessible(true);
+        } catch (NoSuchFieldException nsfe) {
+            throw new AssertionError(nsfe);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme) {
+            throw new AssertionError(nsme);
+        }
+    }
+    private EncryptedData newEncryptedData(DerValue der) {
+        try {
+            return ctorEncryptedData.newInstance(der);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+    private static PAData[] KDCReqDotPAData(KDCReq req) {
+        try {
+            return (PAData[])getPADataField.get(req);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+    private static int[] KDCReqBodyDotEType(KDCReqBody body) {
+        try {
+            return (int[]) getEType.get(body);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+    private static byte[] EncryptionKeyDotStringToKey(char[] password, String salt,
+            byte[] s2kparams, int keyType) throws KrbCryptoException {
+        try {
+            return (byte[])stringToKey.invoke(
+                    null, password, salt, s2kparams, keyType);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
+            throw (KrbCryptoException)ex.getCause();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+    private static Ticket KDCReqBodyDotFirstAdditionalTicket(KDCReqBody body) {
+        try {
+            return ((Ticket[])getAddlTkt.get(body))[0];
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+}