src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/CipherBox.java
changeset 47216 71c04702a3d5
parent 40544 807dd9a425db
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/sun/security/ssl/CipherBox.java	Tue Sep 12 19:03:39 2017 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+
+package sun.security.ssl;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import java.security.*;
+import javax.crypto.*;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec;
+
+import java.nio.*;
+
+import sun.security.ssl.CipherSuite.*;
+import static sun.security.ssl.CipherSuite.*;
+import static sun.security.ssl.CipherSuite.CipherType.*;
+
+import sun.security.util.HexDumpEncoder;
+
+
+/**
+ * This class handles bulk data enciphering/deciphering for each SSLv3
+ * message.  This provides data confidentiality.  Stream ciphers (such
+ * as RC4) don't need to do padding; block ciphers (e.g. DES) need it.
+ *
+ * Individual instances are obtained by calling the static method
+ * newCipherBox(), which should only be invoked by BulkCipher.newCipher().
+ *
+ * In RFC 2246, with bock ciphers in CBC mode, the Initialization
+ * Vector (IV) for the first record is generated with the other keys
+ * and secrets when the security parameters are set.  The IV for
+ * subsequent records is the last ciphertext block from the previous
+ * record.
+ *
+ * In RFC 4346, the implicit Initialization Vector (IV) is replaced
+ * with an explicit IV to protect against CBC attacks.  RFC 4346
+ * recommends two algorithms used to generated the per-record IV.
+ * The implementation uses the algorithm (2)(b), as described at
+ * section 6.2.3.2 of RFC 4346.
+ *
+ * The usage of IV in CBC block cipher can be illustrated in
+ * the following diagrams.
+ *
+ *   (random)
+ *        R         P1                    IV        C1
+ *        |          |                     |         |
+ *  SIV---+    |-----+    |-...            |-----    |------
+ *        |    |     |    |                |    |    |     |
+ *     +----+  |  +----+  |             +----+  |  +----+  |
+ *     | Ek |  |  + Ek +  |             | Dk |  |  | Dk |  |
+ *     +----+  |  +----+  |             +----+  |  +----+  |
+ *        |    |     |    |                |    |    |     |
+ *        |----|     |----|           SIV--+    |----|     |-...
+ *        |          |                     |       |
+ *       IV         C1                     R      P1
+ *                                     (discard)
+ *
+ *       CBC Encryption                    CBC Decryption
+ *
+ * NOTE that any ciphering involved in key exchange (e.g. with RSA) is
+ * handled separately.
+ *
+ * @author David Brownell
+ * @author Andreas Sterbenz
+ */
+final class CipherBox {
+
+    // A CipherBox that implements the identity operation
+    static final CipherBox NULL = new CipherBox();
+
+    /* Class and subclass dynamic debugging support */
+    private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("ssl");
+
+    // the protocol version this cipher conforms to
+    private final ProtocolVersion protocolVersion;
+
+    // cipher object
+    private final Cipher cipher;
+
+    /**
+     * secure random
+     */
+    private SecureRandom random;
+
+    /**
+     * fixed IV, the implicit nonce of AEAD cipher suite, only apply to
+     * AEAD cipher suites
+     */
+    private final byte[] fixedIv;
+
+    /**
+     * the key, reserved only for AEAD cipher initialization
+     */
+    private final Key key;
+
+    /**
+     * the operation mode, reserved for AEAD cipher initialization
+     */
+    private final int mode;
+
+    /**
+     * the authentication tag size, only apply to AEAD cipher suites
+     */
+    private final int tagSize;
+
+    /**
+     * the record IV length, only apply to AEAD cipher suites
+     */
+    private final int recordIvSize;
+
+    /**
+     * cipher type
+     */
+    private final CipherType cipherType;
+
+    /**
+     * Fixed masks of various block size, as the initial decryption IVs
+     * for TLS 1.1 or later.
+     *
+     * For performance, we do not use random IVs. As the initial decryption
+     * IVs will be discarded by TLS decryption processes, so the fixed masks
+     * do not hurt cryptographic strength.
+     */
+    private static Hashtable<Integer, IvParameterSpec> masks;
+
+    /**
+     * NULL cipherbox. Identity operation, no encryption.
+     */
+    private CipherBox() {
+        this.protocolVersion = ProtocolVersion.DEFAULT_TLS;
+        this.cipher = null;
+        this.cipherType = NULL_CIPHER;
+        this.fixedIv = new byte[0];
+        this.key = null;
+        this.mode = Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE;    // choose at random
+        this.random = null;
+        this.tagSize = 0;
+        this.recordIvSize = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a new CipherBox using the cipher transformation.
+     *
+     * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if no appropriate JCE Cipher
+     * implementation could be found.
+     */
+    private CipherBox(ProtocolVersion protocolVersion, BulkCipher bulkCipher,
+            SecretKey key, IvParameterSpec iv, SecureRandom random,
+            boolean encrypt) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        try {
+            this.protocolVersion = protocolVersion;
+            this.cipher = JsseJce.getCipher(bulkCipher.transformation);
+            this.mode = encrypt ? Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE : Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE;
+
+            if (random == null) {
+                random = JsseJce.getSecureRandom();
+            }
+            this.random = random;
+            this.cipherType = bulkCipher.cipherType;
+
+            /*
+             * RFC 4346 recommends two algorithms used to generated the
+             * per-record IV. The implementation uses the algorithm (2)(b),
+             * as described at section 6.2.3.2 of RFC 4346.
+             *
+             * As we don't care about the initial IV value for TLS 1.1 or
+             * later, so if the "iv" parameter is null, we use the default
+             * value generated by Cipher.init() for encryption, and a fixed
+             * mask for decryption.
+             */
+            if (iv == null && bulkCipher.ivSize != 0 &&
+                    mode == Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE &&
+                    protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                iv = getFixedMask(bulkCipher.ivSize);
+            }
+
+            if (cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER) {
+                // AEAD must completely initialize the cipher for each packet,
+                // and so we save initialization parameters for packet
+                // processing time.
+
+                // Set the tag size for AEAD cipher
+                tagSize = bulkCipher.tagSize;
+
+                // Reserve the key for AEAD cipher initialization
+                this.key = key;
+
+                fixedIv = iv.getIV();
+                if (fixedIv == null ||
+                        fixedIv.length != bulkCipher.fixedIvSize) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Improper fixed IV for AEAD");
+                }
+
+                // Set the record IV length for AEAD cipher
+                recordIvSize = bulkCipher.ivSize - bulkCipher.fixedIvSize;
+
+                // DON'T initialize the cipher for AEAD!
+            } else {
+                // CBC only requires one initialization during its lifetime
+                // (future packets/IVs set the proper CBC state), so we can
+                // initialize now.
+
+                // Zeroize the variables that only apply to AEAD cipher
+                this.tagSize = 0;
+                this.fixedIv = new byte[0];
+                this.recordIvSize = 0;
+                this.key = null;
+
+                // Initialize the cipher
+                cipher.init(mode, key, iv, random);
+            }
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            throw e;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException
+                    ("Could not create cipher " + bulkCipher, e);
+        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError e) {
+            throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException
+                    ("Could not create cipher " + bulkCipher, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Factory method to obtain a new CipherBox object.
+     */
+    static CipherBox newCipherBox(ProtocolVersion version, BulkCipher cipher,
+            SecretKey key, IvParameterSpec iv, SecureRandom random,
+            boolean encrypt) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        if (cipher.allowed == false) {
+            throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException("Unsupported cipher " + cipher);
+        }
+
+        if (cipher == BulkCipher.B_NULL) {
+            return NULL;
+        } else {
+            return new CipherBox(version, cipher, key, iv, random, encrypt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Get a fixed mask, as the initial decryption IVs for TLS 1.1 or later.
+     */
+    private static IvParameterSpec getFixedMask(int ivSize) {
+        if (masks == null) {
+            masks = new Hashtable<Integer, IvParameterSpec>(5);
+        }
+
+        IvParameterSpec iv = masks.get(ivSize);
+        if (iv == null) {
+            iv = new IvParameterSpec(new byte[ivSize]);
+            masks.put(ivSize, iv);
+        }
+
+        return iv;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Encrypts a block of data, returning the size of the
+     * resulting block.
+     */
+    int encrypt(byte[] buf, int offset, int len) {
+        if (cipher == null) {
+            return len;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+            if (cipherType == BLOCK_CIPHER) {
+                len = addPadding(buf, offset, len, blockSize);
+            }
+
+            if (debug != null && Debug.isOn("plaintext")) {
+                try {
+                    HexDumpEncoder hd = new HexDumpEncoder();
+
+                    System.out.println(
+                        "Padded plaintext before ENCRYPTION:  len = "
+                        + len);
+                    hd.encodeBuffer(
+                        new ByteArrayInputStream(buf, offset, len),
+                        System.out);
+                } catch (IOException e) { }
+            }
+
+
+            if (cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER) {
+                try {
+                    return cipher.doFinal(buf, offset, len, buf, offset);
+                } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException ibe) {
+                    // unlikely to happen
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Cipher error in AEAD mode in JCE provider " +
+                        cipher.getProvider().getName(), ibe);
+                }
+            } else {
+                int newLen = cipher.update(buf, offset, len, buf, offset);
+                if (newLen != len) {
+                    // catch BouncyCastle buffering error
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Cipher buffering error " +
+                        "in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+                }
+                return newLen;
+            }
+        } catch (ShortBufferException e) {
+            // unlikely to happen, we should have enough buffer space here
+            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(e.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Encrypts a ByteBuffer block of data, returning the size of the
+     * resulting block.
+     *
+     * The byte buffers position and limit initially define the amount
+     * to encrypt.  On return, the position and limit are
+     * set to last position padded/encrypted.  The limit may have changed
+     * because of the added padding bytes.
+     */
+    int encrypt(ByteBuffer bb, int outLimit) {
+
+        int len = bb.remaining();
+
+        if (cipher == null) {
+            bb.position(bb.limit());
+            return len;
+        }
+
+        int pos = bb.position();
+
+        int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+        if (cipherType == BLOCK_CIPHER) {
+            // addPadding adjusts pos/limit
+            len = addPadding(bb, blockSize);
+            bb.position(pos);
+        }
+
+        if (debug != null && Debug.isOn("plaintext")) {
+            try {
+                HexDumpEncoder hd = new HexDumpEncoder();
+
+                System.out.println(
+                    "Padded plaintext before ENCRYPTION:  len = "
+                    + len);
+                hd.encodeBuffer(bb.duplicate(), System.out);
+
+            } catch (IOException e) { }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Encrypt "in-place".  This does not add its own padding.
+         */
+        ByteBuffer dup = bb.duplicate();
+        if (cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER) {
+            try {
+                int outputSize = cipher.getOutputSize(dup.remaining());
+                if (outputSize > bb.remaining()) {
+                    // need to expand the limit of the output buffer for
+                    // the authentication tag.
+                    //
+                    // DON'T worry about the buffer's capacity, we have
+                    // reserved space for the authentication tag.
+                    if (outLimit < pos + outputSize) {
+                        // unlikely to happen
+                        throw new ShortBufferException(
+                                    "need more space in output buffer");
+                    }
+                    bb.limit(pos + outputSize);
+                }
+                int newLen = cipher.doFinal(dup, bb);
+                if (newLen != outputSize) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                            "Cipher buffering error in JCE provider " +
+                            cipher.getProvider().getName());
+                }
+                return newLen;
+            } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException |
+                           BadPaddingException | ShortBufferException ibse) {
+                // unlikely to happen
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Cipher error in AEAD mode in JCE provider " +
+                        cipher.getProvider().getName(), ibse);
+            }
+        } else {
+            int newLen;
+            try {
+                newLen = cipher.update(dup, bb);
+            } catch (ShortBufferException sbe) {
+                // unlikely to happen
+                throw new RuntimeException("Cipher buffering error " +
+                    "in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+            }
+
+            if (bb.position() != dup.position()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("bytebuffer padding error");
+            }
+
+            if (newLen != len) {
+                // catch BouncyCastle buffering error
+                throw new RuntimeException("Cipher buffering error " +
+                    "in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+            }
+            return newLen;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+     * Decrypts a block of data, returning the size of the
+     * resulting block if padding was required.
+     *
+     * For SSLv3 and TLSv1.0, with block ciphers in CBC mode the
+     * Initialization Vector (IV) for the first record is generated by
+     * the handshake protocol, the IV for subsequent records is the
+     * last ciphertext block from the previous record.
+     *
+     * From TLSv1.1, the implicit IV is replaced with an explicit IV to
+     * protect against CBC attacks.
+     *
+     * Differentiating between bad_record_mac and decryption_failed alerts
+     * may permit certain attacks against CBC mode. It is preferable to
+     * uniformly use the bad_record_mac alert to hide the specific type of
+     * the error.
+     */
+    int decrypt(byte[] buf, int offset, int len,
+            int tagLen) throws BadPaddingException {
+        if (cipher == null) {
+            return len;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            int newLen;
+            if (cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER) {
+                try {
+                    newLen = cipher.doFinal(buf, offset, len, buf, offset);
+                } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException ibse) {
+                    // unlikely to happen
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Cipher error in AEAD mode in JCE provider " +
+                        cipher.getProvider().getName(), ibse);
+                }
+            } else {
+                newLen = cipher.update(buf, offset, len, buf, offset);
+                if (newLen != len) {
+                    // catch BouncyCastle buffering error
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Cipher buffering error " +
+                        "in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+                }
+            }
+            if (debug != null && Debug.isOn("plaintext")) {
+                try {
+                    HexDumpEncoder hd = new HexDumpEncoder();
+
+                    System.out.println(
+                        "Padded plaintext after DECRYPTION:  len = "
+                        + newLen);
+                    hd.encodeBuffer(
+                        new ByteArrayInputStream(buf, offset, newLen),
+                        System.out);
+                } catch (IOException e) { }
+            }
+
+            if (cipherType == BLOCK_CIPHER) {
+                int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+                newLen = removePadding(
+                    buf, offset, newLen, tagLen, blockSize, protocolVersion);
+
+                if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                    if (newLen < blockSize) {
+                        throw new BadPaddingException("The length after " +
+                        "padding removal (" + newLen + ") should be larger " +
+                        "than <" + blockSize + "> since explicit IV used");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return newLen;
+        } catch (ShortBufferException e) {
+            // unlikely to happen, we should have enough buffer space here
+            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(e.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Decrypts a block of data, returning the size of the
+     * resulting block if padding was required.  position and limit
+     * point to the end of the decrypted/depadded data.  The initial
+     * limit and new limit may be different, given we may
+     * have stripped off some padding bytes.
+     *
+     *  @see decrypt(byte[], int, int)
+     */
+    int decrypt(ByteBuffer bb, int tagLen) throws BadPaddingException {
+
+        int len = bb.remaining();
+
+        if (cipher == null) {
+            bb.position(bb.limit());
+            return len;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            /*
+             * Decrypt "in-place".
+             */
+            int pos = bb.position();
+            ByteBuffer dup = bb.duplicate();
+            int newLen;
+            if (cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER) {
+                try {
+                    newLen = cipher.doFinal(dup, bb);
+                } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException ibse) {
+                    // unlikely to happen
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Cipher error in AEAD mode \"" + ibse.getMessage() +
+                        " \"in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+                }
+            } else {
+                newLen = cipher.update(dup, bb);
+                if (newLen != len) {
+                    // catch BouncyCastle buffering error
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Cipher buffering error " +
+                        "in JCE provider " + cipher.getProvider().getName());
+                }
+            }
+
+            // reset the limit to the end of the decryted data
+            bb.limit(pos + newLen);
+
+            if (debug != null && Debug.isOn("plaintext")) {
+                try {
+                    HexDumpEncoder hd = new HexDumpEncoder();
+
+                    System.out.println(
+                        "Padded plaintext after DECRYPTION:  len = "
+                        + newLen);
+
+                    hd.encodeBuffer(
+                        bb.duplicate().position(pos), System.out);
+                } catch (IOException e) { }
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * Remove the block padding.
+             */
+            if (cipherType == BLOCK_CIPHER) {
+                int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+                bb.position(pos);
+                newLen = removePadding(bb, tagLen, blockSize, protocolVersion);
+
+                // check the explicit IV of TLS v1.1 or later
+                if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                    if (newLen < blockSize) {
+                        throw new BadPaddingException("The length after " +
+                        "padding removal (" + newLen + ") should be larger " +
+                        "than <" + blockSize + "> since explicit IV used");
+                    }
+
+                    // reset the position to the end of the decrypted data
+                    bb.position(bb.limit());
+                }
+            }
+            return newLen;
+        } catch (ShortBufferException e) {
+            // unlikely to happen, we should have enough buffer space here
+            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(e.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int addPadding(byte[] buf, int offset, int len,
+            int blockSize) {
+        int     newlen = len + 1;
+        byte    pad;
+        int     i;
+
+        if ((newlen % blockSize) != 0) {
+            newlen += blockSize - 1;
+            newlen -= newlen % blockSize;
+        }
+        pad = (byte) (newlen - len);
+
+        if (buf.length < (newlen + offset)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("no space to pad buffer");
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * TLS version of the padding works for both SSLv3 and TLSv1
+         */
+        for (i = 0, offset += len; i < pad; i++) {
+            buf [offset++] = (byte) (pad - 1);
+        }
+        return newlen;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Apply the padding to the buffer.
+     *
+     * Limit is advanced to the new buffer length.
+     * Position is equal to limit.
+     */
+    private static int addPadding(ByteBuffer bb, int blockSize) {
+
+        int     len = bb.remaining();
+        int     offset = bb.position();
+
+        int     newlen = len + 1;
+        byte    pad;
+        int     i;
+
+        if ((newlen % blockSize) != 0) {
+            newlen += blockSize - 1;
+            newlen -= newlen % blockSize;
+        }
+        pad = (byte) (newlen - len);
+
+        /*
+         * Update the limit to what will be padded.
+         */
+        bb.limit(newlen + offset);
+
+        /*
+         * TLS version of the padding works for both SSLv3 and TLSv1
+         */
+        for (i = 0, offset += len; i < pad; i++) {
+            bb.put(offset++, (byte) (pad - 1));
+        }
+
+        bb.position(offset);
+        bb.limit(offset);
+
+        return newlen;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A constant-time check of the padding.
+     *
+     * NOTE that we are checking both the padding and the padLen bytes here.
+     *
+     * The caller MUST ensure that the len parameter is a positive number.
+     */
+    private static int[] checkPadding(
+            byte[] buf, int offset, int len, byte pad) {
+
+        if (len <= 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("padding len must be positive");
+        }
+
+        // An array of hits is used to prevent Hotspot optimization for
+        // the purpose of a constant-time check.
+        int[] results = {0, 0};    // {missed #, matched #}
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 256;) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < len && i <= 256; j++, i++) {     // j <= i
+                if (buf[offset + j] != pad) {
+                    results[0]++;       // mismatched padding data
+                } else {
+                    results[1]++;       // matched padding data
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A constant-time check of the padding.
+     *
+     * NOTE that we are checking both the padding and the padLen bytes here.
+     *
+     * The caller MUST ensure that the bb parameter has remaining.
+     */
+    private static int[] checkPadding(ByteBuffer bb, byte pad) {
+
+        if (!bb.hasRemaining()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("hasRemaining() must be positive");
+        }
+
+        // An array of hits is used to prevent Hotspot optimization for
+        // the purpose of a constant-time check.
+        int[] results = {0, 0};    // {missed #, matched #}
+        bb.mark();
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 256; bb.reset()) {
+            for (; bb.hasRemaining() && i <= 256; i++) {
+                if (bb.get() != pad) {
+                    results[0]++;       // mismatched padding data
+                } else {
+                    results[1]++;       // matched padding data
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Typical TLS padding format for a 64 bit block cipher is as follows:
+     *   xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 00
+     *   xx xx xx xx xx xx 01 01
+     *   ...
+     *   xx 06 06 06 06 06 06 06
+     *   07 07 07 07 07 07 07 07
+     * TLS also allows any amount of padding from 1 and 256 bytes as long
+     * as it makes the data a multiple of the block size
+     */
+    private static int removePadding(byte[] buf, int offset, int len,
+            int tagLen, int blockSize,
+            ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) throws BadPaddingException {
+
+        // last byte is length byte (i.e. actual padding length - 1)
+        int padOffset = offset + len - 1;
+        int padLen = buf[padOffset] & 0xFF;
+
+        int newLen = len - (padLen + 1);
+        if ((newLen - tagLen) < 0) {
+            // If the buffer is not long enough to contain the padding plus
+            // a MAC tag, do a dummy constant-time padding check.
+            //
+            // Note that it is a dummy check, so we won't care about what is
+            // the actual padding data.
+            checkPadding(buf, offset, len, (byte)(padLen & 0xFF));
+
+            throw new BadPaddingException("Invalid Padding length: " + padLen);
+        }
+
+        // The padding data should be filled with the padding length value.
+        int[] results = checkPadding(buf, offset + newLen,
+                        padLen + 1, (byte)(padLen & 0xFF));
+        if (protocolVersion.useTLS10PlusSpec()) {
+            if (results[0] != 0) {          // padding data has invalid bytes
+                throw new BadPaddingException("Invalid TLS padding data");
+            }
+        } else { // SSLv3
+            // SSLv3 requires 0 <= length byte < block size
+            // some implementations do 1 <= length byte <= block size,
+            // so accept that as well
+            // v3 does not require any particular value for the other bytes
+            if (padLen > blockSize) {
+                throw new BadPaddingException("Padding length (" +
+                padLen + ") of SSLv3 message should not be bigger " +
+                "than the block size (" + blockSize + ")");
+            }
+        }
+        return newLen;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Position/limit is equal the removed padding.
+     */
+    private static int removePadding(ByteBuffer bb,
+            int tagLen, int blockSize,
+            ProtocolVersion protocolVersion) throws BadPaddingException {
+
+        int len = bb.remaining();
+        int offset = bb.position();
+
+        // last byte is length byte (i.e. actual padding length - 1)
+        int padOffset = offset + len - 1;
+        int padLen = bb.get(padOffset) & 0xFF;
+
+        int newLen = len - (padLen + 1);
+        if ((newLen - tagLen) < 0) {
+            // If the buffer is not long enough to contain the padding plus
+            // a MAC tag, do a dummy constant-time padding check.
+            //
+            // Note that it is a dummy check, so we won't care about what is
+            // the actual padding data.
+            checkPadding(bb.duplicate(), (byte)(padLen & 0xFF));
+
+            throw new BadPaddingException("Invalid Padding length: " + padLen);
+        }
+
+        // The padding data should be filled with the padding length value.
+        int[] results = checkPadding(
+                bb.duplicate().position(offset + newLen),
+                (byte)(padLen & 0xFF));
+        if (protocolVersion.useTLS10PlusSpec()) {
+            if (results[0] != 0) {          // padding data has invalid bytes
+                throw new BadPaddingException("Invalid TLS padding data");
+            }
+        } else { // SSLv3
+            // SSLv3 requires 0 <= length byte < block size
+            // some implementations do 1 <= length byte <= block size,
+            // so accept that as well
+            // v3 does not require any particular value for the other bytes
+            if (padLen > blockSize) {
+                throw new BadPaddingException("Padding length (" +
+                padLen + ") of SSLv3 message should not be bigger " +
+                "than the block size (" + blockSize + ")");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Reset buffer limit to remove padding.
+         */
+        bb.position(offset + newLen);
+        bb.limit(offset + newLen);
+
+        return newLen;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Dispose of any intermediate state in the underlying cipher.
+     * For PKCS11 ciphers, this will release any attached sessions, and
+     * thus make finalization faster.
+     */
+    void dispose() {
+        try {
+            if (cipher != null) {
+                // ignore return value.
+                cipher.doFinal();
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // swallow all types of exceptions.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Does the cipher use CBC mode?
+     *
+     * @return true if the cipher use CBC mode, false otherwise.
+     */
+    boolean isCBCMode() {
+        return cipherType == BLOCK_CIPHER;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Does the cipher use AEAD mode?
+     *
+     * @return true if the cipher use AEAD mode, false otherwise.
+     */
+    boolean isAEADMode() {
+        return cipherType == AEAD_CIPHER;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Is the cipher null?
+     *
+     * @return true if the cipher is null, false otherwise.
+     */
+    boolean isNullCipher() {
+        return cipher == null;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Gets the explicit nonce/IV size of the cipher.
+     *
+     * The returned value is the SecurityParameters.record_iv_length in
+     * RFC 4346/5246.  It is the size of explicit IV for CBC mode, and the
+     * size of explicit nonce for AEAD mode.
+     *
+     * @return the explicit nonce size of the cipher.
+     */
+    int getExplicitNonceSize() {
+        switch (cipherType) {
+            case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                // For block ciphers, the explicit IV length is of length
+                // SecurityParameters.record_iv_length, which is equal to
+                // the SecurityParameters.block_size.
+                if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                    return cipher.getBlockSize();
+                }
+                break;
+            case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                return recordIvSize;
+                        // It is also the length of sequence number, which is
+                        // used as the nonce_explicit for AEAD cipher suites.
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Applies the explicit nonce/IV to this cipher. This method is used to
+     * decrypt an SSL/TLS input record.
+     *
+     * The returned value is the SecurityParameters.record_iv_length in
+     * RFC 4346/5246.  It is the size of explicit IV for CBC mode, and the
+     * size of explicit nonce for AEAD mode.
+     *
+     * @param  authenticator the authenticator to get the additional
+     *         authentication data
+     * @param  contentType the content type of the input record
+     * @param  bb the byte buffer to get the explicit nonce from
+     *
+     * @return the explicit nonce size of the cipher.
+     */
+    int applyExplicitNonce(Authenticator authenticator, byte contentType,
+            ByteBuffer bb, byte[] sequence) throws BadPaddingException {
+        switch (cipherType) {
+            case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                // sanity check length of the ciphertext
+                int tagLen = (authenticator instanceof MAC) ?
+                                    ((MAC)authenticator).MAClen() : 0;
+                if (tagLen != 0) {
+                    if (!sanityCheck(tagLen, bb.remaining())) {
+                        throw new BadPaddingException(
+                                "ciphertext sanity check failed");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // For block ciphers, the explicit IV length is of length
+                // SecurityParameters.record_iv_length, which is equal to
+                // the SecurityParameters.block_size.
+                if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                    return cipher.getBlockSize();
+                }
+                break;
+            case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                if (bb.remaining() < (recordIvSize + tagSize)) {
+                    throw new BadPaddingException(
+                        "Insufficient buffer remaining for AEAD cipher " +
+                        "fragment (" + bb.remaining() + "). Needs to be " +
+                        "more than or equal to IV size (" + recordIvSize +
+                         ") + tag size (" + tagSize + ")");
+                }
+
+                // initialize the AEAD cipher for the unique IV
+                byte[] iv = Arrays.copyOf(fixedIv,
+                                    fixedIv.length + recordIvSize);
+                bb.get(iv, fixedIv.length, recordIvSize);
+                bb.position(bb.position() - recordIvSize);
+                GCMParameterSpec spec = new GCMParameterSpec(tagSize * 8, iv);
+                try {
+                    cipher.init(mode, key, spec, random);
+                } catch (InvalidKeyException |
+                            InvalidAlgorithmParameterException ikae) {
+                    // unlikely to happen
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                                "invalid key or spec in GCM mode", ikae);
+                }
+
+                // update the additional authentication data
+                byte[] aad = authenticator.acquireAuthenticationBytes(
+                        contentType, bb.remaining() - recordIvSize - tagSize,
+                        sequence);
+                cipher.updateAAD(aad);
+
+                return recordIvSize;
+                        // It is also the length of sequence number, which is
+                        // used as the nonce_explicit for AEAD cipher suites.
+        }
+
+       return 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Creates the explicit nonce/IV to this cipher. This method is used to
+     * encrypt an SSL/TLS output record.
+     *
+     * The size of the returned array is the SecurityParameters.record_iv_length
+     * in RFC 4346/5246.  It is the size of explicit IV for CBC mode, and the
+     * size of explicit nonce for AEAD mode.
+     *
+     * @param  authenticator the authenticator to get the additional
+     *         authentication data
+     * @param  contentType the content type of the input record
+     * @param  fragmentLength the fragment length of the output record, it is
+     *         the TLSCompressed.length in RFC 4346/5246.
+     *
+     * @return the explicit nonce of the cipher.
+     */
+    byte[] createExplicitNonce(Authenticator authenticator,
+            byte contentType, int fragmentLength) {
+
+        byte[] nonce = new byte[0];
+        switch (cipherType) {
+            case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                    // For block ciphers, the explicit IV length is of length
+                    // SecurityParameters.record_iv_length, which is equal to
+                    // the SecurityParameters.block_size.
+                    //
+                    // Generate a random number as the explicit IV parameter.
+                    nonce = new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()];
+                    random.nextBytes(nonce);
+                }
+                break;
+            case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                // To be unique and aware of overflow-wrap, sequence number
+                // is used as the nonce_explicit of AEAD cipher suites.
+                nonce = authenticator.sequenceNumber();
+
+                // initialize the AEAD cipher for the unique IV
+                byte[] iv = Arrays.copyOf(fixedIv,
+                                            fixedIv.length + nonce.length);
+                System.arraycopy(nonce, 0, iv, fixedIv.length, nonce.length);
+                GCMParameterSpec spec = new GCMParameterSpec(tagSize * 8, iv);
+                try {
+                    cipher.init(mode, key, spec, random);
+                } catch (InvalidKeyException |
+                            InvalidAlgorithmParameterException ikae) {
+                    // unlikely to happen
+                    throw new RuntimeException(
+                                "invalid key or spec in GCM mode", ikae);
+                }
+
+                // Update the additional authentication data, using the
+                // implicit sequence number of the authenticator.
+                byte[] aad = authenticator.acquireAuthenticationBytes(
+                                        contentType, fragmentLength, null);
+                cipher.updateAAD(aad);
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return nonce;
+    }
+
+    // See also CipherSuite.calculatePacketSize().
+    int calculatePacketSize(int fragmentSize, int macLen, int headerSize) {
+        int packetSize = fragmentSize;
+        if (cipher != null) {
+            int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+            switch (cipherType) {
+                case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                    packetSize += macLen;
+                    packetSize += 1;        // 1 byte padding length field
+                    packetSize +=           // use the minimal padding
+                            (blockSize - (packetSize % blockSize)) % blockSize;
+                    if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                        packetSize += blockSize;        // explicit IV
+                    }
+
+                    break;
+                case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                    packetSize += recordIvSize;
+                    packetSize += tagSize;
+
+                    break;
+                default:    // NULL_CIPHER or STREAM_CIPHER
+                    packetSize += macLen;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return packetSize + headerSize;
+    }
+
+    // See also CipherSuite.calculateFragSize().
+    int calculateFragmentSize(int packetLimit, int macLen, int headerSize) {
+        int fragLen = packetLimit - headerSize;
+        if (cipher != null) {
+            int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+            switch (cipherType) {
+                case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                    if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                        fragLen -= blockSize;           // explicit IV
+                    }
+                    fragLen -= (fragLen % blockSize);   // cannot hold a block
+                    // No padding for a maximum fragment.
+                    fragLen -= 1;       // 1 byte padding length field: 0x00
+                    fragLen -= macLen;
+
+                    break;
+                case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                    fragLen -= recordIvSize;
+                    fragLen -= tagSize;
+
+                    break;
+                default:    // NULL_CIPHER or STREAM_CIPHER
+                    fragLen -= macLen;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return fragLen;
+    }
+
+    // Estimate the maximum fragment size of a received packet.
+    int estimateFragmentSize(int packetSize, int macLen, int headerSize) {
+        int fragLen = packetSize - headerSize;
+        if (cipher != null) {
+            int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+            switch (cipherType) {
+                case BLOCK_CIPHER:
+                    if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                        fragLen -= blockSize;       // explicit IV
+                    }
+                    // No padding for a maximum fragment.
+                    fragLen -= 1;       // 1 byte padding length field: 0x00
+                    fragLen -= macLen;
+
+                    break;
+                case AEAD_CIPHER:
+                    fragLen -= recordIvSize;
+                    fragLen -= tagSize;
+
+                    break;
+                default:    // NULL_CIPHER or STREAM_CIPHER
+                    fragLen -= macLen;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return fragLen;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sanity check the length of a fragment before decryption.
+     *
+     * In CBC mode, check that the fragment length is one or multiple times
+     * of the block size of the cipher suite, and is at least one (one is the
+     * smallest size of padding in CBC mode) bigger than the tag size of the
+     * MAC algorithm except the explicit IV size for TLS 1.1 or later.
+     *
+     * In non-CBC mode, check that the fragment length is not less than the
+     * tag size of the MAC algorithm.
+     *
+     * @return true if the length of a fragment matches above requirements
+     */
+    private boolean sanityCheck(int tagLen, int fragmentLen) {
+        if (!isCBCMode()) {
+            return fragmentLen >= tagLen;
+        }
+
+        int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
+        if ((fragmentLen % blockSize) == 0) {
+            int minimal = tagLen + 1;
+            minimal = (minimal >= blockSize) ? minimal : blockSize;
+            if (protocolVersion.useTLS11PlusSpec()) {
+                minimal += blockSize;   // plus the size of the explicit IV
+            }
+
+            return (fragmentLen >= minimal);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+}