src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/RuleBasedCollator.java
changeset 47216 71c04702a3d5
parent 45434 4582657c7260
child 51759 ac6e9a2ebc04
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/RuleBasedCollator.java	Tue Sep 12 19:03:39 2017 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * (C) Copyright Taligent, Inc. 1996, 1997 - All Rights Reserved
+ * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1996-1998 - All Rights Reserved
+ *
+ *   The original version of this source code and documentation is copyrighted
+ * and owned by Taligent, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of IBM. These
+ * materials are provided under terms of a License Agreement between Taligent
+ * and Sun. This technology is protected by multiple US and International
+ * patents. This notice and attribution to Taligent may not be removed.
+ *   Taligent is a registered trademark of Taligent, Inc.
+ *
+ */
+
+package java.text;
+
+import java.text.Normalizer;
+import java.util.Vector;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * The <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> class is a concrete subclass of
+ * <code>Collator</code> that provides a simple, data-driven, table
+ * collator.  With this class you can create a customized table-based
+ * <code>Collator</code>.  <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> maps
+ * characters to sort keys.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> has the following restrictions
+ * for efficiency (other subclasses may be used for more complex languages) :
+ * <ol>
+ * <li>If a special collation rule controlled by a &lt;modifier&gt; is
+      specified it applies to the whole collator object.
+ * <li>All non-mentioned characters are at the end of the
+ *     collation order.
+ * </ol>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The collation table is composed of a list of collation rules, where each
+ * rule is of one of three forms:
+ * <pre>
+ *    &lt;modifier&gt;
+ *    &lt;relation&gt; &lt;text-argument&gt;
+ *    &lt;reset&gt; &lt;text-argument&gt;
+ * </pre>
+ * The definitions of the rule elements is as follows:
+ * <UL>
+ *    <LI><strong>Text-Argument</strong>: A text-argument is any sequence of
+ *        characters, excluding special characters (that is, common
+ *        whitespace characters [0009-000D, 0020] and rule syntax characters
+ *        [0021-002F, 003A-0040, 005B-0060, 007B-007E]). If those
+ *        characters are desired, you can put them in single quotes
+ *        (e.g. ampersand =&gt; '&amp;'). Note that unquoted white space characters
+ *        are ignored; e.g. <code>b c</code> is treated as <code>bc</code>.
+ *    <LI><strong>Modifier</strong>: There are currently two modifiers that
+ *        turn on special collation rules.
+ *        <UL>
+ *            <LI>'@' : Turns on backwards sorting of accents (secondary
+ *                      differences), as in French.
+ *            <LI>'!' : Turns on Thai/Lao vowel-consonant swapping.  If this
+ *                      rule is in force when a Thai vowel of the range
+ *                      &#92;U0E40-&#92;U0E44 precedes a Thai consonant of the range
+ *                      &#92;U0E01-&#92;U0E2E OR a Lao vowel of the range &#92;U0EC0-&#92;U0EC4
+ *                      precedes a Lao consonant of the range &#92;U0E81-&#92;U0EAE then
+ *                      the vowel is placed after the consonant for collation
+ *                      purposes.
+ *        </UL>
+ *        <p>'@' : Indicates that accents are sorted backwards, as in French.
+ *    <LI><strong>Relation</strong>: The relations are the following:
+ *        <UL>
+ *            <LI>'&lt;' : Greater, as a letter difference (primary)
+ *            <LI>';' : Greater, as an accent difference (secondary)
+ *            <LI>',' : Greater, as a case difference (tertiary)
+ *            <LI>'=' : Equal
+ *        </UL>
+ *    <LI><strong>Reset</strong>: There is a single reset
+ *        which is used primarily for contractions and expansions, but which
+ *        can also be used to add a modification at the end of a set of rules.
+ *        <p>'&amp;' : Indicates that the next rule follows the position to where
+ *            the reset text-argument would be sorted.
+ * </UL>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This sounds more complicated than it is in practice. For example, the
+ * following are equivalent ways of expressing the same thing:
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <pre>
+ * a &lt; b &lt; c
+ * a &lt; b &amp; b &lt; c
+ * a &lt; c &amp; a &lt; b
+ * </pre>
+ * </blockquote>
+ * Notice that the order is important, as the subsequent item goes immediately
+ * after the text-argument. The following are not equivalent:
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <pre>
+ * a &lt; b &amp; a &lt; c
+ * a &lt; c &amp; a &lt; b
+ * </pre>
+ * </blockquote>
+ * Either the text-argument must already be present in the sequence, or some
+ * initial substring of the text-argument must be present. (e.g. "a &lt; b &amp; ae &lt;
+ * e" is valid since "a" is present in the sequence before "ae" is reset). In
+ * this latter case, "ae" is not entered and treated as a single character;
+ * instead, "e" is sorted as if it were expanded to two characters: "a"
+ * followed by an "e". This difference appears in natural languages: in
+ * traditional Spanish "ch" is treated as though it contracts to a single
+ * character (expressed as "c &lt; ch &lt; d"), while in traditional German
+ * a-umlaut is treated as though it expanded to two characters
+ * (expressed as "a,A &lt; b,B ... &amp;ae;&#92;u00e3&amp;AE;&#92;u00c3").
+ * [&#92;u00e3 and &#92;u00c3 are, of course, the escape sequences for a-umlaut.]
+ * <p>
+ * <strong>Ignorable Characters</strong>
+ * <p>
+ * For ignorable characters, the first rule must start with a relation (the
+ * examples we have used above are really fragments; "a &lt; b" really should be
+ * "&lt; a &lt; b"). If, however, the first relation is not "&lt;", then all the all
+ * text-arguments up to the first "&lt;" are ignorable. For example, ", - &lt; a &lt; b"
+ * makes "-" an ignorable character, as we saw earlier in the word
+ * "black-birds". In the samples for different languages, you see that most
+ * accents are ignorable.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Normalization and Accents</strong>
+ * <p>
+ * <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> automatically processes its rule table to
+ * include both pre-composed and combining-character versions of
+ * accented characters.  Even if the provided rule string contains only
+ * base characters and separate combining accent characters, the pre-composed
+ * accented characters matching all canonical combinations of characters from
+ * the rule string will be entered in the table.
+ * <p>
+ * This allows you to use a RuleBasedCollator to compare accented strings
+ * even when the collator is set to NO_DECOMPOSITION.  There are two caveats,
+ * however.  First, if the strings to be collated contain combining
+ * sequences that may not be in canonical order, you should set the collator to
+ * CANONICAL_DECOMPOSITION or FULL_DECOMPOSITION to enable sorting of
+ * combining sequences.  Second, if the strings contain characters with
+ * compatibility decompositions (such as full-width and half-width forms),
+ * you must use FULL_DECOMPOSITION, since the rule tables only include
+ * canonical mappings.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Errors</strong>
+ * <p>
+ * The following are errors:
+ * <UL>
+ *     <LI>A text-argument contains unquoted punctuation symbols
+ *        (e.g. "a &lt; b-c &lt; d").
+ *     <LI>A relation or reset character not followed by a text-argument
+ *        (e.g. "a &lt; ,b").
+ *     <LI>A reset where the text-argument (or an initial substring of the
+ *         text-argument) is not already in the sequence.
+ *         (e.g. "a &lt; b &amp; e &lt; f")
+ * </UL>
+ * If you produce one of these errors, a <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> throws
+ * a <code>ParseException</code>.
+ *
+ * <p><strong>Examples</strong>
+ * <p>Simple:     "&lt; a &lt; b &lt; c &lt; d"
+ * <p>Norwegian:  "&lt; a, A &lt; b, B &lt; c, C &lt; d, D &lt; e, E &lt; f, F
+ *                 &lt; g, G &lt; h, H &lt; i, I &lt; j, J &lt; k, K &lt; l, L
+ *                 &lt; m, M &lt; n, N &lt; o, O &lt; p, P &lt; q, Q &lt; r, R
+ *                 &lt; s, S &lt; t, T &lt; u, U &lt; v, V &lt; w, W &lt; x, X
+ *                 &lt; y, Y &lt; z, Z
+ *                 &lt; &#92;u00E6, &#92;u00C6
+ *                 &lt; &#92;u00F8, &#92;u00D8
+ *                 &lt; &#92;u00E5 = a&#92;u030A, &#92;u00C5 = A&#92;u030A;
+ *                      aa, AA"
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * To create a <code>RuleBasedCollator</code> object with specialized
+ * rules tailored to your needs, you construct the <code>RuleBasedCollator</code>
+ * with the rules contained in a <code>String</code> object. For example:
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <pre>
+ * String simple = "&lt; a&lt; b&lt; c&lt; d";
+ * RuleBasedCollator mySimple = new RuleBasedCollator(simple);
+ * </pre>
+ * </blockquote>
+ * Or:
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <pre>
+ * String Norwegian = "&lt; a, A &lt; b, B &lt; c, C &lt; d, D &lt; e, E &lt; f, F &lt; g, G &lt; h, H &lt; i, I" +
+ *                    "&lt; j, J &lt; k, K &lt; l, L &lt; m, M &lt; n, N &lt; o, O &lt; p, P &lt; q, Q &lt; r, R" +
+ *                    "&lt; s, S &lt; t, T &lt; u, U &lt; v, V &lt; w, W &lt; x, X &lt; y, Y &lt; z, Z" +
+ *                    "&lt; &#92;u00E6, &#92;u00C6" +     // Latin letter ae &amp; AE
+ *                    "&lt; &#92;u00F8, &#92;u00D8" +     // Latin letter o &amp; O with stroke
+ *                    "&lt; &#92;u00E5 = a&#92;u030A," +  // Latin letter a with ring above
+ *                    "  &#92;u00C5 = A&#92;u030A;" +  // Latin letter A with ring above
+ *                    "  aa, AA";
+ * RuleBasedCollator myNorwegian = new RuleBasedCollator(Norwegian);
+ * </pre>
+ * </blockquote>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * A new collation rules string can be created by concatenating rules
+ * strings. For example, the rules returned by {@link #getRules()} could
+ * be concatenated to combine multiple <code>RuleBasedCollator</code>s.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The following example demonstrates how to change the order of
+ * non-spacing accents,
+ * <blockquote>
+ * <pre>
+ * // old rule
+ * String oldRules = "=&#92;u0301;&#92;u0300;&#92;u0302;&#92;u0308"    // main accents
+ *                 + ";&#92;u0327;&#92;u0303;&#92;u0304;&#92;u0305"    // main accents
+ *                 + ";&#92;u0306;&#92;u0307;&#92;u0309;&#92;u030A"    // main accents
+ *                 + ";&#92;u030B;&#92;u030C;&#92;u030D;&#92;u030E"    // main accents
+ *                 + ";&#92;u030F;&#92;u0310;&#92;u0311;&#92;u0312"    // main accents
+ *                 + "&lt; a , A ; ae, AE ; &#92;u00e6 , &#92;u00c6"
+ *                 + "&lt; b , B &lt; c, C &lt; e, E &amp; C &lt; d, D";
+ * // change the order of accent characters
+ * String addOn = "&amp; &#92;u0300 ; &#92;u0308 ; &#92;u0302";
+ * RuleBasedCollator myCollator = new RuleBasedCollator(oldRules + addOn);
+ * </pre>
+ * </blockquote>
+ *
+ * @see        Collator
+ * @see        CollationElementIterator
+ * @author     Helena Shih, Laura Werner, Richard Gillam
+ * @since 1.1
+ */
+public class RuleBasedCollator extends Collator{
+    // IMPLEMENTATION NOTES:  The implementation of the collation algorithm is
+    // divided across three classes: RuleBasedCollator, RBCollationTables, and
+    // CollationElementIterator.  RuleBasedCollator contains the collator's
+    // transient state and includes the code that uses the other classes to
+    // implement comparison and sort-key building.  RuleBasedCollator also
+    // contains the logic to handle French secondary accent sorting.
+    // A RuleBasedCollator has two CollationElementIterators.  State doesn't
+    // need to be preserved in these objects between calls to compare() or
+    // getCollationKey(), but the objects persist anyway to avoid wasting extra
+    // creation time.  compare() and getCollationKey() are synchronized to ensure
+    // thread safety with this scheme.  The CollationElementIterator is responsible
+    // for generating collation elements from strings and returning one element at
+    // a time (sometimes there's a one-to-many or many-to-one mapping between
+    // characters and collation elements-- this class handles that).
+    // CollationElementIterator depends on RBCollationTables, which contains the
+    // collator's static state.  RBCollationTables contains the actual data
+    // tables specifying the collation order of characters for a particular locale
+    // or use.  It also contains the base logic that CollationElementIterator
+    // uses to map from characters to collation elements.  A single RBCollationTables
+    // object is shared among all RuleBasedCollators for the same locale, and
+    // thus by all the CollationElementIterators they create.
+
+    /**
+     * RuleBasedCollator constructor.  This takes the table rules and builds
+     * a collation table out of them.  Please see RuleBasedCollator class
+     * description for more details on the collation rule syntax.
+     * @see java.util.Locale
+     * @param rules the collation rules to build the collation table from.
+     * @exception ParseException A format exception
+     * will be thrown if the build process of the rules fails. For
+     * example, build rule "a &lt; ? &lt; d" will cause the constructor to
+     * throw the ParseException because the '?' is not quoted.
+     */
+    public RuleBasedCollator(String rules) throws ParseException {
+        this(rules, Collator.CANONICAL_DECOMPOSITION);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * RuleBasedCollator constructor.  This takes the table rules and builds
+     * a collation table out of them.  Please see RuleBasedCollator class
+     * description for more details on the collation rule syntax.
+     * @see java.util.Locale
+     * @param rules the collation rules to build the collation table from.
+     * @param decomp the decomposition strength used to build the
+     * collation table and to perform comparisons.
+     * @exception ParseException A format exception
+     * will be thrown if the build process of the rules fails. For
+     * example, build rule "a < ? < d" will cause the constructor to
+     * throw the ParseException because the '?' is not quoted.
+     */
+    RuleBasedCollator(String rules, int decomp) throws ParseException {
+        setStrength(Collator.TERTIARY);
+        setDecomposition(decomp);
+        tables = new RBCollationTables(rules, decomp);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * "Copy constructor."  Used in clone() for performance.
+     */
+    private RuleBasedCollator(RuleBasedCollator that) {
+        setStrength(that.getStrength());
+        setDecomposition(that.getDecomposition());
+        tables = that.tables;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the table-based rules for the collation object.
+     * @return returns the collation rules that the table collation object
+     * was created from.
+     */
+    public String getRules()
+    {
+        return tables.getRules();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a CollationElementIterator for the given String.
+     *
+     * @param source the string to be collated
+     * @return a {@code CollationElementIterator} object
+     * @see java.text.CollationElementIterator
+     */
+    public CollationElementIterator getCollationElementIterator(String source) {
+        return new CollationElementIterator( source, this );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a CollationElementIterator for the given CharacterIterator.
+     *
+     * @param source the character iterator to be collated
+     * @return a {@code CollationElementIterator} object
+     * @see java.text.CollationElementIterator
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    public CollationElementIterator getCollationElementIterator(
+                                                CharacterIterator source) {
+        return new CollationElementIterator( source, this );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compares the character data stored in two different strings based on the
+     * collation rules.  Returns information about whether a string is less
+     * than, greater than or equal to another string in a language.
+     * This can be overriden in a subclass.
+     *
+     * @exception NullPointerException if <code>source</code> or <code>target</code> is null.
+     */
+    public synchronized int compare(String source, String target)
+    {
+        if (source == null || target == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        }
+
+        // The basic algorithm here is that we use CollationElementIterators
+        // to step through both the source and target strings.  We compare each
+        // collation element in the source string against the corresponding one
+        // in the target, checking for differences.
+        //
+        // If a difference is found, we set <result> to LESS or GREATER to
+        // indicate whether the source string is less or greater than the target.
+        //
+        // However, it's not that simple.  If we find a tertiary difference
+        // (e.g. 'A' vs. 'a') near the beginning of a string, it can be
+        // overridden by a primary difference (e.g. "A" vs. "B") later in
+        // the string.  For example, "AA" < "aB", even though 'A' > 'a'.
+        //
+        // To keep track of this, we use strengthResult to keep track of the
+        // strength of the most significant difference that has been found
+        // so far.  When we find a difference whose strength is greater than
+        // strengthResult, it overrides the last difference (if any) that
+        // was found.
+
+        int result = Collator.EQUAL;
+
+        if (sourceCursor == null) {
+            sourceCursor = getCollationElementIterator(source);
+        } else {
+            sourceCursor.setText(source);
+        }
+        if (targetCursor == null) {
+            targetCursor = getCollationElementIterator(target);
+        } else {
+            targetCursor.setText(target);
+        }
+
+        int sOrder = 0, tOrder = 0;
+
+        boolean initialCheckSecTer = getStrength() >= Collator.SECONDARY;
+        boolean checkSecTer = initialCheckSecTer;
+        boolean checkTertiary = getStrength() >= Collator.TERTIARY;
+
+        boolean gets = true, gett = true;
+
+        while(true) {
+            // Get the next collation element in each of the strings, unless
+            // we've been requested to skip it.
+            if (gets) sOrder = sourceCursor.next(); else gets = true;
+            if (gett) tOrder = targetCursor.next(); else gett = true;
+
+            // If we've hit the end of one of the strings, jump out of the loop
+            if ((sOrder == CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER)||
+                (tOrder == CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER))
+                break;
+
+            int pSOrder = CollationElementIterator.primaryOrder(sOrder);
+            int pTOrder = CollationElementIterator.primaryOrder(tOrder);
+
+            // If there's no difference at this position, we can skip it
+            if (sOrder == tOrder) {
+                if (tables.isFrenchSec() && pSOrder != 0) {
+                    if (!checkSecTer) {
+                        // in french, a secondary difference more to the right is stronger,
+                        // so accents have to be checked with each base element
+                        checkSecTer = initialCheckSecTer;
+                        // but tertiary differences are less important than the first
+                        // secondary difference, so checking tertiary remains disabled
+                        checkTertiary = false;
+                    }
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Compare primary differences first.
+            if ( pSOrder != pTOrder )
+            {
+                if (sOrder == 0) {
+                    // The entire source element is ignorable.
+                    // Skip to the next source element, but don't fetch another target element.
+                    gett = false;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (tOrder == 0) {
+                    gets = false;
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // The source and target elements aren't ignorable, but it's still possible
+                // for the primary component of one of the elements to be ignorable....
+
+                if (pSOrder == 0)  // primary order in source is ignorable
+                {
+                    // The source's primary is ignorable, but the target's isn't.  We treat ignorables
+                    // as a secondary difference, so remember that we found one.
+                    if (checkSecTer) {
+                        result = Collator.GREATER;  // (strength is SECONDARY)
+                        checkSecTer = false;
+                    }
+                    // Skip to the next source element, but don't fetch another target element.
+                    gett = false;
+                }
+                else if (pTOrder == 0)
+                {
+                    // record differences - see the comment above.
+                    if (checkSecTer) {
+                        result = Collator.LESS;  // (strength is SECONDARY)
+                        checkSecTer = false;
+                    }
+                    // Skip to the next source element, but don't fetch another target element.
+                    gets = false;
+                } else {
+                    // Neither of the orders is ignorable, and we already know that the primary
+                    // orders are different because of the (pSOrder != pTOrder) test above.
+                    // Record the difference and stop the comparison.
+                    if (pSOrder < pTOrder) {
+                        return Collator.LESS;  // (strength is PRIMARY)
+                    } else {
+                        return Collator.GREATER;  // (strength is PRIMARY)
+                    }
+                }
+            } else { // else of if ( pSOrder != pTOrder )
+                // primary order is the same, but complete order is different. So there
+                // are no base elements at this point, only ignorables (Since the strings are
+                // normalized)
+
+                if (checkSecTer) {
+                    // a secondary or tertiary difference may still matter
+                    short secSOrder = CollationElementIterator.secondaryOrder(sOrder);
+                    short secTOrder = CollationElementIterator.secondaryOrder(tOrder);
+                    if (secSOrder != secTOrder) {
+                        // there is a secondary difference
+                        result = (secSOrder < secTOrder) ? Collator.LESS : Collator.GREATER;
+                                                // (strength is SECONDARY)
+                        checkSecTer = false;
+                        // (even in french, only the first secondary difference within
+                        //  a base character matters)
+                    } else {
+                        if (checkTertiary) {
+                            // a tertiary difference may still matter
+                            short terSOrder = CollationElementIterator.tertiaryOrder(sOrder);
+                            short terTOrder = CollationElementIterator.tertiaryOrder(tOrder);
+                            if (terSOrder != terTOrder) {
+                                // there is a tertiary difference
+                                result = (terSOrder < terTOrder) ? Collator.LESS : Collator.GREATER;
+                                                // (strength is TERTIARY)
+                                checkTertiary = false;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } // if (checkSecTer)
+
+            }  // if ( pSOrder != pTOrder )
+        } // while()
+
+        if (sOrder != CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER) {
+            // (tOrder must be CollationElementIterator::NULLORDER,
+            //  since this point is only reached when sOrder or tOrder is NULLORDER.)
+            // The source string has more elements, but the target string hasn't.
+            do {
+                if (CollationElementIterator.primaryOrder(sOrder) != 0) {
+                    // We found an additional non-ignorable base character in the source string.
+                    // This is a primary difference, so the source is greater
+                    return Collator.GREATER; // (strength is PRIMARY)
+                }
+                else if (CollationElementIterator.secondaryOrder(sOrder) != 0) {
+                    // Additional secondary elements mean the source string is greater
+                    if (checkSecTer) {
+                        result = Collator.GREATER;  // (strength is SECONDARY)
+                        checkSecTer = false;
+                    }
+                }
+            } while ((sOrder = sourceCursor.next()) != CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER);
+        }
+        else if (tOrder != CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER) {
+            // The target string has more elements, but the source string hasn't.
+            do {
+                if (CollationElementIterator.primaryOrder(tOrder) != 0)
+                    // We found an additional non-ignorable base character in the target string.
+                    // This is a primary difference, so the source is less
+                    return Collator.LESS; // (strength is PRIMARY)
+                else if (CollationElementIterator.secondaryOrder(tOrder) != 0) {
+                    // Additional secondary elements in the target mean the source string is less
+                    if (checkSecTer) {
+                        result = Collator.LESS;  // (strength is SECONDARY)
+                        checkSecTer = false;
+                    }
+                }
+            } while ((tOrder = targetCursor.next()) != CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER);
+        }
+
+        // For IDENTICAL comparisons, we use a bitwise character comparison
+        // as a tiebreaker if all else is equal
+        if (result == 0 && getStrength() == IDENTICAL) {
+            int mode = getDecomposition();
+            Normalizer.Form form;
+            if (mode == CANONICAL_DECOMPOSITION) {
+                form = Normalizer.Form.NFD;
+            } else if (mode == FULL_DECOMPOSITION) {
+                form = Normalizer.Form.NFKD;
+            } else {
+                return source.compareTo(target);
+            }
+
+            String sourceDecomposition = Normalizer.normalize(source, form);
+            String targetDecomposition = Normalizer.normalize(target, form);
+            return sourceDecomposition.compareTo(targetDecomposition);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Transforms the string into a series of characters that can be compared
+     * with CollationKey.compareTo. This overrides java.text.Collator.getCollationKey.
+     * It can be overriden in a subclass.
+     */
+    public synchronized CollationKey getCollationKey(String source)
+    {
+        //
+        // The basic algorithm here is to find all of the collation elements for each
+        // character in the source string, convert them to a char representation,
+        // and put them into the collation key.  But it's trickier than that.
+        // Each collation element in a string has three components: primary (A vs B),
+        // secondary (A vs A-acute), and tertiary (A' vs a); and a primary difference
+        // at the end of a string takes precedence over a secondary or tertiary
+        // difference earlier in the string.
+        //
+        // To account for this, we put all of the primary orders at the beginning of the
+        // string, followed by the secondary and tertiary orders, separated by nulls.
+        //
+        // Here's a hypothetical example, with the collation element represented as
+        // a three-digit number, one digit for primary, one for secondary, etc.
+        //
+        // String:              A     a     B   \u00e9 <--(e-acute)
+        // Collation Elements: 101   100   201  510
+        //
+        // Collation Key:      1125<null>0001<null>1010
+        //
+        // To make things even trickier, secondary differences (accent marks) are compared
+        // starting at the *end* of the string in languages with French secondary ordering.
+        // But when comparing the accent marks on a single base character, they are compared
+        // from the beginning.  To handle this, we reverse all of the accents that belong
+        // to each base character, then we reverse the entire string of secondary orderings
+        // at the end.  Taking the same example above, a French collator might return
+        // this instead:
+        //
+        // Collation Key:      1125<null>1000<null>1010
+        //
+        if (source == null)
+            return null;
+
+        if (primResult == null) {
+            primResult = new StringBuffer();
+            secResult = new StringBuffer();
+            terResult = new StringBuffer();
+        } else {
+            primResult.setLength(0);
+            secResult.setLength(0);
+            terResult.setLength(0);
+        }
+        int order = 0;
+        boolean compareSec = (getStrength() >= Collator.SECONDARY);
+        boolean compareTer = (getStrength() >= Collator.TERTIARY);
+        int secOrder = CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER;
+        int terOrder = CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER;
+        int preSecIgnore = 0;
+
+        if (sourceCursor == null) {
+            sourceCursor = getCollationElementIterator(source);
+        } else {
+            sourceCursor.setText(source);
+        }
+
+        // walk through each character
+        while ((order = sourceCursor.next()) !=
+               CollationElementIterator.NULLORDER)
+        {
+            secOrder = CollationElementIterator.secondaryOrder(order);
+            terOrder = CollationElementIterator.tertiaryOrder(order);
+            if (!CollationElementIterator.isIgnorable(order))
+            {
+                primResult.append((char) (CollationElementIterator.primaryOrder(order)
+                                    + COLLATIONKEYOFFSET));
+
+                if (compareSec) {
+                    //
+                    // accumulate all of the ignorable/secondary characters attached
+                    // to a given base character
+                    //
+                    if (tables.isFrenchSec() && preSecIgnore < secResult.length()) {
+                        //
+                        // We're doing reversed secondary ordering and we've hit a base
+                        // (non-ignorable) character.  Reverse any secondary orderings
+                        // that applied to the last base character.  (see block comment above.)
+                        //
+                        RBCollationTables.reverse(secResult, preSecIgnore, secResult.length());
+                    }
+                    // Remember where we are in the secondary orderings - this is how far
+                    // back to go if we need to reverse them later.
+                    secResult.append((char)(secOrder+ COLLATIONKEYOFFSET));
+                    preSecIgnore = secResult.length();
+                }
+                if (compareTer) {
+                    terResult.append((char)(terOrder+ COLLATIONKEYOFFSET));
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (compareSec && secOrder != 0)
+                    secResult.append((char)
+                        (secOrder + tables.getMaxSecOrder() + COLLATIONKEYOFFSET));
+                if (compareTer && terOrder != 0)
+                    terResult.append((char)
+                        (terOrder + tables.getMaxTerOrder() + COLLATIONKEYOFFSET));
+            }
+        }
+        if (tables.isFrenchSec())
+        {
+            if (preSecIgnore < secResult.length()) {
+                // If we've accumulated any secondary characters after the last base character,
+                // reverse them.
+                RBCollationTables.reverse(secResult, preSecIgnore, secResult.length());
+            }
+            // And now reverse the entire secResult to get French secondary ordering.
+            RBCollationTables.reverse(secResult, 0, secResult.length());
+        }
+        primResult.append((char)0);
+        secResult.append((char)0);
+        secResult.append(terResult.toString());
+        primResult.append(secResult.toString());
+
+        if (getStrength() == IDENTICAL) {
+            primResult.append((char)0);
+            int mode = getDecomposition();
+            if (mode == CANONICAL_DECOMPOSITION) {
+                primResult.append(Normalizer.normalize(source, Normalizer.Form.NFD));
+            } else if (mode == FULL_DECOMPOSITION) {
+                primResult.append(Normalizer.normalize(source, Normalizer.Form.NFKD));
+            } else {
+                primResult.append(source);
+            }
+        }
+        return new RuleBasedCollationKey(source, primResult.toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Standard override; no change in semantics.
+     */
+    public Object clone() {
+        // if we know we're not actually a subclass of RuleBasedCollator
+        // (this class really should have been made final), bypass
+        // Object.clone() and use our "copy constructor".  This is faster.
+        if (getClass() == RuleBasedCollator.class) {
+            return new RuleBasedCollator(this);
+        }
+        else {
+            RuleBasedCollator result = (RuleBasedCollator) super.clone();
+            result.primResult = null;
+            result.secResult = null;
+            result.terResult = null;
+            result.sourceCursor = null;
+            result.targetCursor = null;
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compares the equality of two collation objects.
+     * @param obj the table-based collation object to be compared with this.
+     * @return true if the current table-based collation object is the same
+     * as the table-based collation object obj; false otherwise.
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (obj == null) return false;
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) return false;  // super does class check
+        RuleBasedCollator other = (RuleBasedCollator) obj;
+        // all other non-transient information is also contained in rules.
+        return (getRules().equals(other.getRules()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates the hash code for the table-based collation object
+     */
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return getRules().hashCode();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows CollationElementIterator access to the tables object
+     */
+    RBCollationTables getTables() {
+        return tables;
+    }
+
+    // ==============================================================
+    // private
+    // ==============================================================
+
+    static final int CHARINDEX = 0x70000000;  // need look up in .commit()
+    static final int EXPANDCHARINDEX = 0x7E000000; // Expand index follows
+    static final int CONTRACTCHARINDEX = 0x7F000000;  // contract indexes follow
+    static final int UNMAPPED = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+    private static final int COLLATIONKEYOFFSET = 1;
+
+    private RBCollationTables tables = null;
+
+    // Internal objects that are cached across calls so that they don't have to
+    // be created/destroyed on every call to compare() and getCollationKey()
+    private StringBuffer primResult = null;
+    private StringBuffer secResult = null;
+    private StringBuffer terResult = null;
+    private CollationElementIterator sourceCursor = null;
+    private CollationElementIterator targetCursor = null;
+}