hotspot/src/share/vm/runtime/arguments.cpp
changeset 1 489c9b5090e2
child 190 e9a0a9dcd4f6
child 183 ba55c7f3fd45
child 234 4da9c1bbc810
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/hotspot/src/share/vm/runtime/arguments.cpp	Sat Dec 01 00:00:00 2007 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,2654 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
+#include "incls/_arguments.cpp.incl"
+
+#define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp"
+#define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
+
+char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
+int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
+char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
+int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
+char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
+SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
+const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
+bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
+bool   Arguments::_has_alloc_profile            = false;
+uintx  Arguments::_initial_heap_size            = 0;
+uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
+Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
+bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
+bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
+const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
+const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
+int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
+
+// These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
+bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
+bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
+bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
+bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
+intx   Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold        = Tier2CompileThreshold;
+
+char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
+
+AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
+AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
+
+abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
+exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
+vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
+
+
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
+SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
+
+char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
+char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
+
+static bool force_client_mode = false;
+
+// Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
+
+static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
+                         const char** tail) {
+  int len = (int)strlen(name);
+  if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
+    *tail = option->optionString + len;
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+static void logOption(const char* opt) {
+  if (PrintVMOptions) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
+  }
+}
+
+// Process java launcher properties.
+void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
+  // See if sun.java.launcher or sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
+  // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
+  // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
+  for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
+    const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
+    const char* tail;
+
+    if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
+      process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
+      _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
+      continue;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Initialize system properties key and value.
+void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
+
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", "1.0", false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
+                                                                 "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",
+                                                                 "Sun Microsystems Inc.",  false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
+
+  // following are JVMTI agent writeable properties.
+  // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
+  // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
+  _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
+  _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
+  _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
+  _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
+  _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
+  _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
+
+  _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
+
+  // Add to System Property list.
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
+  PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
+
+  // Set OS specific system properties values
+  os::init_system_properties_values();
+}
+
+// String containing commands that will be ignored and cause a
+// warning to be issued.  These commands should be accepted
+// for 1.6 but not 1.7.  The string should be cleared at the
+// beginning of 1.7.
+static const char*  obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[] = {
+                                           "UseTrainGC",
+                                           "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling",
+                                           "UseOversizedCarHandling",
+                                           "TraceCarAllocation",
+                                           "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",
+                                           "LogOfCarSpaceSize",
+                                           "OversizedCarThreshold",
+                                           "MinTickInterval",
+                                           "DefaultTickInterval",
+                                           "MaxTickInterval",
+                                           "DelayTickAdjustment",
+                                           "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",
+                                           "MinTrainLength",
+                                           0};
+
+bool Arguments::made_obsolete_in_1_5_0(const char *s) {
+  int i = 0;
+  while (obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i] != NULL) {
+    // <flag>=xxx form
+    // [-|+]<flag> form
+    if ((strncmp(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i], s,
+               strlen(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i])) == 0) ||
+        ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
+        (strncmp(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i], &s[1],
+               strlen(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i])) == 0))) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    i++;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
+// components, in order:
+//
+//     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
+//     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
+//     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
+//     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
+//
+// java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
+// directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
+//
+// This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
+// complete.
+class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
+public:
+  SysClassPath(const char* base);
+  ~SysClassPath();
+
+  inline void set_base(const char* base);
+  inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
+  inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
+  inline void reset_path(const char* base);
+
+  // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
+  // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
+  // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
+  // combined_path().
+  void expand_endorsed();
+
+  inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
+  inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
+  inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
+  inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
+
+  // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
+  // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
+  char* combined_path();
+
+private:
+  // Utility routines.
+  static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
+  static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
+
+  inline void reset_item_at(int index);
+
+  // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
+  // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
+  enum {
+    _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
+    _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
+    _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
+    _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
+    _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
+  };
+
+  const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
+  DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
+};
+
+SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
+  memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
+  _items[_scp_base] = base;
+  DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
+}
+
+SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
+  // Free everything except the base.
+  for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
+    if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
+  }
+  DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
+}
+
+inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
+  _items[_scp_base] = base;
+}
+
+inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
+  _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
+}
+
+inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
+  _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
+}
+
+inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
+  assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
+  if (_items[index] != NULL) {
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index]);
+    _items[index] = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
+  // Clear the prefix and suffix.
+  reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
+  reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
+  set_base(base);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
+  assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
+
+  const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
+  if (path == NULL) {
+    path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
+    assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
+  }
+
+  char* expanded_path = NULL;
+  const char separator = *os::path_separator();
+  const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
+  while (path < end) {
+    const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
+    if (tmp_end == NULL) {
+      expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
+      path = end;
+    } else {
+      char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1);
+      memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
+      dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
+      expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
+      path = tmp_end + 1;
+    }
+  }
+  _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
+  DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
+}
+
+// Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
+// c-heap-allocated string.
+char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
+  assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
+  assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
+
+  size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
+  size_t total_len = 0;
+
+  const char separator = *os::path_separator();
+
+  // Get the lengths.
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
+    if (_items[i] != NULL) {
+      lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
+      // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
+      total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
+    }
+  }
+  assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
+
+  // Copy the _items to a single string.
+  char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len);
+  char* cp_tmp = cp;
+  for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
+    if (_items[i] != NULL) {
+      memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
+      cp_tmp += lengths[i];
+      *cp_tmp++ = separator;
+    }
+  }
+  *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
+  return cp;
+}
+
+// Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
+char*
+SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
+  char *cp;
+
+  assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
+  if (path == NULL) {
+    size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
+    cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
+    memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
+  } else {
+    const char separator = *os::path_separator();
+    size_t old_len = strlen(path);
+    size_t str_len = strlen(str);
+    size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
+
+    if (prepend) {
+      cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
+      char* cp_tmp = cp;
+      memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
+      cp_tmp += str_len;
+      *cp_tmp = separator;
+      memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path);
+    } else {
+      cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len);
+      char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
+      *cp_tmp = separator;
+      memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
+    }
+  }
+  return cp;
+}
+
+// Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
+// Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
+char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
+  DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
+  if (dir == NULL) return path;
+
+  char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
+  size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
+  const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
+  if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
+
+  /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
+  struct dirent *entry;
+  char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory));
+  while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
+    const char* name = entry->d_name;
+    const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
+    bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
+      (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
+       os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
+    if (isJarOrZip) {
+      char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name));
+      sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
+      path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
+      FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath);
+    }
+  }
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
+  os::closedir(dir);
+  return path;
+}
+
+// Parses a memory size specification string.
+static bool atomll(const char *s, jlong* result) {
+  jlong n = 0;
+  int args_read = sscanf(s, os::jlong_format_specifier(), &n);
+  if (args_read != 1) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  while (*s != '\0' && isdigit(*s)) {
+    s++;
+  }
+  // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
+  if (strlen(s) > 1) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  switch (*s) {
+    case 'T': case 't':
+      *result = n * G * K;
+      return true;
+    case 'G': case 'g':
+      *result = n * G;
+      return true;
+    case 'M': case 'm':
+      *result = n * M;
+      return true;
+    case 'K': case 'k':
+      *result = n * K;
+      return true;
+    case '\0':
+      *result = n;
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
+Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(jlong size, jlong min_size) {
+  if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
+  // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
+  if ((julong) size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
+  return arg_in_range;
+}
+
+// Describe an argument out of range error
+void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
+  switch(errcode) {
+  case arg_too_big:
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
+                "representable size.\n");
+    break;
+  case arg_too_small:
+  case arg_unreadable:
+  case arg_in_range:
+    // do nothing for now
+    break;
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+}
+
+static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
+}
+
+
+static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  double v;
+  if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  jlong v;
+  intx intx_v;
+  bool is_neg = false;
+  // Check the sign first since atomll() parses only unsigned values.
+  if (*value == '-') {
+    if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    value++;
+    is_neg = true;
+  }
+  if (!atomll(value, &v)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  intx_v = (intx) v;
+  if (is_neg) {
+    intx_v = -intx_v;
+  }
+  if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
+  if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
+  // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  const char* old_value = "";
+  if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
+  size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
+  size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
+  const char* value;
+  char* free_this_too = NULL;
+  if (old_len == 0) {
+    value = new_value;
+  } else if (new_len == 0) {
+    value = old_value;
+  } else {
+    char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1);
+    // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
+    sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
+    value = buf;
+    free_this_too = buf;
+  }
+  (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
+  // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
+  FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
+  if (free_this_too != NULL) {
+    // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
+    FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+
+  // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
+#define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
+#define BUFLEN 255
+  char name[BUFLEN+1];
+  char dummy;
+
+  if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
+    return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
+  }
+  if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
+    return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
+  }
+
+  char punct;
+  if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
+    const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
+    Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
+    if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
+      if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
+        return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
+      } else {
+        if (value[0] == '\0') {
+          value = NULL;
+        }
+        return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
+    const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
+    // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
+    if (value[0] == '\0') {
+      value = NULL;
+    }
+    return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
+  }
+
+#define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
+#define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
+#define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
+  char value[BUFLEN + 1];
+  char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
+  if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
+    // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
+    if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
+      return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
+    }
+  }
+
+#define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtKMGT0123456789]"
+  if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
+    return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
+  assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
+
+  if (arg == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  int index = *count;
+
+  // expand the array and add arg to the last element
+  (*count)++;
+  if (*bldarray == NULL) {
+    *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *count);
+  } else {
+    *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, *count);
+  }
+  (*bldarray)[index] = strdup(arg);
+}
+
+void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
+  add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
+}
+
+void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
+  add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
+}
+
+// utility function to return a string that concatenates all
+// strings in a given char** array
+const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
+  if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
+  for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
+    length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
+  }
+  char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
+  strcpy(s, args[0]);
+  for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
+    strcat(s, " ");
+    strcat(s, args[j]);
+  }
+  return (const char*) s;
+}
+
+void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
+  st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
+  if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
+    st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
+  }
+  if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
+    st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
+  }
+  st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
+  st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
+}
+
+void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
+  if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
+    for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
+      st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
+    }
+    st->print_cr("");
+  }
+}
+
+void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
+  if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
+    for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
+      st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
+    }
+    st->print_cr("");
+  }
+}
+
+bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg, jboolean ignore_unrecognized, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+
+  if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
+    // do nothing
+  } else if (made_obsolete_in_1_5_0(arg)) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+      "Warning: The flag %s has been EOL'd as of 1.5.0 and will"
+      " be ignored\n", arg);
+  } else {
+    if (!ignore_unrecognized) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", arg);
+      // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
+      if (strlen(arg) == 0 || arg[0] != '#') {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
+  FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
+  if (stream == NULL) {
+    if (should_exist) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  char token[1024];
+  int  pos = 0;
+
+  bool in_white_space = true;
+  bool in_comment     = false;
+  bool in_quote       = false;
+  char quote_c        = 0;
+  bool result         = true;
+
+  int c = getc(stream);
+  while(c != EOF) {
+    if (in_white_space) {
+      if (in_comment) {
+        if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
+      } else {
+        if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
+        else if (!isspace(c)) {
+          in_white_space = false;
+          token[pos++] = c;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
+        // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
+        // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
+        token[pos] = '\0';
+        logOption(token);
+        result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
+        build_jvm_flags(token);
+        pos = 0;
+        in_white_space = true;
+        in_quote = false;
+      } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
+        in_quote = true;
+        quote_c = c;
+      } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
+        in_quote = false;
+      } else {
+        token[pos++] = c;
+      }
+    }
+    c = getc(stream);
+  }
+  if (pos > 0) {
+    token[pos] = '\0';
+    result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
+    build_jvm_flags(token);
+  }
+  fclose(stream);
+  return result;
+}
+
+//=============================================================================================================
+// Parsing of properties (-D)
+
+const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
+  return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
+}
+
+bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
+  const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
+  char* key;
+  // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
+  const static char ns[1] = {0};
+  char* value = (char *)ns;
+
+  size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
+  key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, "add_property");
+  strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
+  key[key_len] = '\0';
+
+  if (eq != NULL) {
+    size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
+    value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, "add_property");
+    strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
+  }
+
+  if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
+    process_java_compiler_argument(value);
+    FreeHeap(key);
+    if (eq != NULL) {
+      FreeHeap(value);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
+
+    _java_command = value;
+
+    // don't add this property to the properties exposed to the java application
+    FreeHeap(key);
+    return true;
+  }
+  else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
+    // launcher.pid property is private and is processed
+    // in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
+    // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
+    FreeHeap(key);
+    if (eq != NULL) {
+      FreeHeap(value);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
+    // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
+    // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
+    _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
+  }
+
+  // Create new property and add at the end of the list
+  PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
+  return true;
+}
+
+//===========================================================================================================
+// Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
+
+void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
+  // Set up default values for all flags.
+  // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
+  // add a default value for it here.
+  set_java_compiler(false);
+  _mode                      = mode;
+
+  // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
+  // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
+  PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
+     (char*)Abstract_VM_Version::vm_info_string());
+
+  UseInterpreter             = true;
+  UseCompiler                = true;
+  UseLoopCounter             = true;
+
+  // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
+  // use the saved values
+  ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
+  AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
+  UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
+  BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
+  Tier2CompileThreshold      = Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold;
+
+  // Change from defaults based on mode
+  switch (mode) {
+  default:
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+    break;
+  case _int:
+    UseCompiler              = false;
+    UseLoopCounter           = false;
+    AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
+    UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
+    break;
+  case _mixed:
+    // same as default
+    break;
+  case _comp:
+    UseInterpreter           = false;
+    BackgroundCompilation    = false;
+    ClipInlining             = false;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+
+// Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
+// incompatible command line options were chosen.
+
+static void no_shared_spaces() {
+  if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+      "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
+    vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", NULL);
+  } else {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
+  }
+}
+
+
+// If the user has chosen ParallelGCThreads > 0, we set UseParNewGC
+// if it's not explictly set or unset. If the user has chosen
+// UseParNewGC and not explicitly set ParallelGCThreads we
+// set it, unless this is a single cpu machine.
+void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
+  assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelGC, "control point invariant");
+
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && ParallelGCThreads > 1) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, true);
+  } else if (UseParNewGC && ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, nof_parallel_gc_threads());
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
+    }
+  }
+  if (!UseParNewGC) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, 0);
+  } else {
+    no_shared_spaces();
+
+    // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 correspondinly,
+    // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
+    // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
+    // See CR 6362902.
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
+    }
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
+    }
+
+    // AlwaysTenure flag should make ParNew to promote all at first collection.
+    // See CR 6362902.
+    if (AlwaysTenure) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// CAUTION: this code is currently shared by UseParallelGC, UseParNewGC and
+// UseconcMarkSweepGC. Further tuning of individual collectors might
+// dictate refinement on a per-collector basis.
+int Arguments::nof_parallel_gc_threads() {
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
+    // For very large machines, there are diminishing returns
+    // for large numbers of worker threads.  Instead of
+    // hogging the whole system, use 5/8ths of a worker for every
+    // processor after the first 8.  For example, on a 72 cpu
+    // machine use 8 + (72 - 8) * (5/8) == 48 worker threads.
+    // This is just a start and needs further tuning and study in
+    // Tiger.
+    int ncpus = os::active_processor_count();
+    return (ncpus <= 8) ? ncpus : 3 + ((ncpus * 5) / 8);
+  } else {
+    return ParallelGCThreads;
+  }
+}
+
+// Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
+// sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
+// further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
+// certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
+void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
+  if (UseSerialGC || UseParallelGC) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
+  // unless explicitly forbidden.
+  if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, true);
+  }
+
+  // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is
+  // complete.  Also turn it off in general if the
+  // parnew collector has been selected.
+  if ((UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) &&
+      FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
+  }
+
+  // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
+  // as needed.
+  set_parnew_gc_flags();
+
+  if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Now make adjustments for CMS
+  size_t young_gen_per_worker;
+  intx new_ratio;
+  size_t min_new_default;
+  intx tenuring_default;
+  if (CMSUseOldDefaults) {  // old defaults: "old" as of 6.0
+    if FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSYoungGenPerWorker) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 4*M);
+    }
+    young_gen_per_worker = 4*M;
+    new_ratio = (intx)15;
+    min_new_default = 4*M;
+    tenuring_default = (intx)0;
+  } else { // new defaults: "new" as of 6.0
+    young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
+    new_ratio = (intx)7;
+    min_new_default = 16*M;
+    tenuring_default = (intx)4;
+  }
+
+  // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses
+  const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
+    (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
+  const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
+    ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads);
+  const size_t preferred_max_new_size =
+    align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
+
+  // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
+  // for "short" pauses ~ 4M*ParallelGCThreads
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize)) {  // MaxNewSize not set at command-line
+    if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
+    } else {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
+    }
+  }
+  // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, prefer a large
+  // Old to Young gen size so as to shift the collection load
+  // to the old generation concurrent collector
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewRatio, MAX2(NewRatio, new_ratio));
+
+    size_t min_new  = align_size_up(ScaleForWordSize(min_new_default), os::vm_page_size());
+    size_t prev_initial_size = initial_heap_size();
+    if (prev_initial_size != 0 && prev_initial_size < min_new+OldSize) {
+      set_initial_heap_size(min_new+OldSize);
+      // Currently minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
+      set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
+      if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
+        warning("Initial heap size increased to " SIZE_FORMAT " M from "
+                SIZE_FORMAT " M; use -XX:NewSize=... for finer control.",
+                initial_heap_size()/M, prev_initial_size/M);
+      }
+    }
+    // MaxHeapSize is aligned down in collectorPolicy
+    size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
+                                      CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
+
+    if (max_heap > min_new) {
+      // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
+      // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
+      }
+      // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
+      // so that it's at least 3X of NewSize to begin with;
+      // later NewRatio will decide how it grows; see above.
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
+        if (max_heap > NewSize) {
+          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldSize, MIN2(3*NewSize,  max_heap - NewSize));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
+  // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
+      FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
+  }
+  // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
+  // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
+  // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
+  // space for (non-existent) survivors
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio, MAX2((intx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
+  }
+  // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
+  // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
+  // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
+  // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
+  // See CR 6362902.
+  if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
+    }
+    else {
+      // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
+      // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
+      // we'll let it to take precedence.
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim options are specified "
+                  "for the CMS collector. CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
+  if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
+      !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
+      (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
+    if (PrintGCDetails) {
+      // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
+      tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
+       " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", MaxGCPauseMillis);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
+  // Parallel GC is not compatible with sharing. If one specifies
+  // that they want sharing explicitly, do not set ergonmics flags.
+  if (DumpSharedSpaces || ForceSharedSpaces) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (os::is_server_class_machine() && !force_client_mode ) {
+    // If no other collector is requested explicitly,
+    // let the VM select the collector based on
+    // machine class and automatic selection policy.
+    if (!UseSerialGC &&
+        !UseConcMarkSweepGC &&
+        !UseParNewGC &&
+        !DumpSharedSpaces &&
+        FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
+      if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
+        FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
+        set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
+      } else {
+        FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
+      }
+      no_shared_spaces();
+    }
+
+    // This is here because the parallel collector could
+    // have been selected so this initialization should
+    // still be done.
+    set_parallel_gc_flags();
+  }
+}
+
+void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
+  // If parallel old was requested, automatically enable parallel scavenge.
+  if (UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
+  }
+
+  // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
+  // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
+  if (UseParallelGC) {
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
+      const uint64_t reasonable_fraction =
+        os::physical_memory() / DefaultMaxRAMFraction;
+      const uint64_t maximum_size = (uint64_t) DefaultMaxRAM;
+      size_t reasonable_max =
+        (size_t) os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_fraction);
+      if (reasonable_max > maximum_size) {
+        reasonable_max = maximum_size;
+      }
+      if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
+        // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
+        tty->print_cr("  Max heap size for server class platform "
+                      SIZE_FORMAT, reasonable_max);
+      }
+      // If the initial_heap_size has not been set with -Xms,
+      // then set it as fraction of size of physical memory
+      // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
+      if (initial_heap_size() == 0) {
+        const uint64_t reasonable_initial_fraction =
+          os::physical_memory() / DefaultInitialRAMFraction;
+        const size_t reasonable_initial =
+          (size_t) os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_initial_fraction);
+        const size_t minimum_size = NewSize + OldSize;
+        set_initial_heap_size(MAX2(MIN2(reasonable_initial, reasonable_max),
+                                  minimum_size));
+        // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
+        set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
+        if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
+          // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
+          tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size for server class platform "
+                        SIZE_FORMAT, initial_heap_size());
+        }
+      } else {
+        // An minimum size was specified on the command line.  Be sure
+        // that the maximum size is consistent.
+        if (initial_heap_size() > reasonable_max) {
+          reasonable_max = initial_heap_size();
+        }
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx) reasonable_max);
+    }
+
+    // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
+    // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
+    // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
+    // See CR 6362902 for details.
+    if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
+         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
+      }
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (UseParallelOldGC) {
+      // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
+      // minimums.
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
+        MarkSweepDeadRatio = 1;
+      }
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PermMarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
+        PermMarkSweepDeadRatio = 5;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
+// if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
+void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
+  // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
+  if (UseSharedSpaces) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
+  }
+
+  if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
+  }
+}
+
+// Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
+void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
+  if (AggressiveOpts) {
+NOT_WINDOWS(
+    // No measured benefit on Windows
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CacheTimeMillis)) {
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CacheTimeMillis, true);
+    }
+)
+  }
+}
+
+//===========================================================================================================
+// Parsing of java.compiler property
+
+void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
+  // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
+  // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
+  // is also specified.
+  if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
+    set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
+  }
+}
+
+void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
+  _sun_java_launcher = strdup(launcher);
+}
+
+bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
+  assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
+  return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
+}
+
+//===========================================================================================================
+// Parsing of main arguments
+
+bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
+  if (value <= 100) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+              "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
+              name, value);
+  return false;
+}
+
+static void set_serial_gc_flags() {
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, false);
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, false);
+}
+
+static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
+  return (UseSerialGC &&
+        !(UseParNewGC || UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParallelGC ||
+          UseParallelOldGC));
+}
+
+// Check the consistency of vm_init_args
+bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
+  // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
+  // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
+  // before returning an error.
+  // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
+  bool status = true;
+
+#if ( (defined(COMPILER2) && defined(SPARC)))
+  // NOTE: The call to VM_Version_init depends on the fact that VM_Version_init
+  // on sparc doesn't require generation of a stub as is the case on, e.g.,
+  // x86.  Normally, VM_Version_init must be called from init_globals in
+  // init.cpp, which is called by the initial java thread *after* arguments
+  // have been parsed.  VM_Version_init gets called twice on sparc.
+  extern void VM_Version_init();
+  VM_Version_init();
+  if (!VM_Version::has_v9()) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "V8 Machine detected, Server requires V9\n");
+    status = false;
+  }
+#endif /* COMPILER2 && SPARC */
+
+  // Allow both -XX:-UseStackBanging and -XX:-UseBoundThreads in non-product
+  // builds so the cost of stack banging can be measured.
+#if (defined(PRODUCT) && defined(SOLARIS))
+  if (!UseBoundThreads && !UseStackBanging) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "-UseStackBanging conflicts with -UseBoundThreads\n");
+
+     status = false;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
+                "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
+                TLABRefillWasteFraction);
+    status = false;
+  }
+
+  status &= verify_percentage(MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio,
+                              "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio");
+  status &= verify_percentage(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight,
+                              "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
+  status &= verify_percentage(AdaptivePermSizeWeight, "AdaptivePermSizeWeight");
+  status &= verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
+  status &= verify_percentage(MinHeapFreeRatio, "MinHeapFreeRatio");
+  status &= verify_percentage(MaxHeapFreeRatio, "MaxHeapFreeRatio");
+
+  if (MinHeapFreeRatio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
+                "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
+                MinHeapFreeRatio, MaxHeapFreeRatio);
+    status = false;
+  }
+  // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
+  MinHeapFreeRatio = MIN2(MinHeapFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
+
+  if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
+    MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
+  }
+
+  status &= verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
+  status &= verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
+  if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
+    // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
+  }
+
+  status &= verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
+
+  // Check user specified sharing option conflict with Parallel GC
+  bool cannot_share = (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParallelGC ||
+                       UseParallelOldGC || UseParNewGC ||
+                       SOLARIS_ONLY(UseISM) NOT_SOLARIS(UseLargePages));
+
+  if (cannot_share) {
+    // Either force sharing on by forcing the other options off, or
+    // force sharing off.
+    if (DumpSharedSpaces || ForceSharedSpaces) {
+      set_serial_gc_flags();
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(SOLARIS_ONLY(UseISM) NOT_SOLARIS(UseLargePages), false);
+    } else {
+      no_shared_spaces();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
+  // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
+  // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
+  // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
+  // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
+  // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
+  // select conflicting combinations.
+  uint i = 0;
+  if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
+  if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
+  if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
+  if (i > 1) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
+                "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
+                "allowed\n");
+    status = false;
+  }
+
+  if (_has_alloc_profile) {
+    if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
+                  "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
+                  "Parallel GC (-XX:+UseParallelGC or -XX:+UseParallelOldGC).\n");
+      status = false;
+    }
+    if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
+                  "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
+                  "the CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC).\n");
+      status = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
+    if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
+                  "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
+                  "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
+      status = false;
+    } else if (!UseTLAB) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "error:  CMSIncrementalMode requires thread-local "
+                  "allocation buffers\n(-XX:+UseTLAB).\n");
+      status = false;
+    } else {
+      status &= verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
+                                  "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
+      status &= verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
+                                  "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
+      status &= verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
+                                  "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
+      status &= verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
+                                  "CMSIncrementalOffset");
+      status &= verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
+                                  "CMSExpAvgFactor");
+      // If it was not set on the command line, set
+      // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
+      if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
+        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (UseNUMA && !UseTLAB) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "error:  NUMA allocator (-XX:+UseNUMA) requires thread-local "
+                "allocation\nbuffers (-XX:+UseTLAB).\n");
+    status = false;
+  }
+
+  // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
+  // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
+  // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
+  // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
+  // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
+  // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
+  // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
+  // bug 4788986.
+  if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
+    if (VerifyGCStartAt == 0) {
+      warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
+              "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
+      VerifyGCStartAt = 1;      // Disable verification at start-up
+    }
+    if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
+      warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
+              "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
+      VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
+  if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
+      (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
+       ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "error: +ExplictGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
+                " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
+    status = false;
+  }
+
+  return status;
+}
+
+bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
+  const char* option_type) {
+  if (ignore) return false;
+
+  const char* spacer = " ";
+  if (option_type == NULL) {
+    option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
+  }
+
+  if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
+      option->optionString);
+    return false;
+  } else {
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
+      option->optionString);
+    return true;
+  }
+}
+
+static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
+  "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
+};
+
+static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
+  "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
+};
+
+// Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
+// If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
+// the option must match exactly.
+static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
+  bool tail_allowed) {
+  for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
+    if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
+      if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
+                                                  jlong* long_arg,
+                                                  jlong min_size) {
+  if (!atomll(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
+  return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
+}
+
+// Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
+
+jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
+  // For components of the system classpath.
+  SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
+  bool scp_assembly_required = false;
+
+  // Save default settings for some mode flags
+  Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
+  Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
+  Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
+  Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
+  Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold    = Tier2CompileThreshold;
+
+  // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
+  jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
+  if (result != JNI_OK) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
+  result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, COMMAND_LINE);
+  if (result != JNI_OK) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
+  result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
+  if (result != JNI_OK) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
+  result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
+  if (result != JNI_OK) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+
+jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
+                                       SysClassPath* scp_p,
+                                       bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
+                                       FlagValueOrigin origin) {
+  // Remaining part of option string
+  const char* tail;
+
+  // iterate over arguments
+  for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
+    bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
+
+    const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
+
+    if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
+        !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
+        !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
+
+        // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
+        // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
+        // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
+        // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
+        // string constant object.
+        build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
+    }
+
+    // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
+    if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
+      if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
+      } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
+      } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
+      }
+    // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
+    // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
+    // -da:java.lang.Thread.
+    } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
+      bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
+      if (*tail == '\0') {
+        JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
+      } else {
+        assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
+        JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
+      }
+    // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
+    } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
+      bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
+      JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
+    // -bootclasspath:
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
+      scp_p->reset_path(tail);
+      *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
+    // -bootclasspath/a:
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
+      scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
+      *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
+    // -bootclasspath/p:
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
+      scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
+      *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
+    // -Xrun
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
+      if(tail != NULL) {
+        const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
+        size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
+        char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
+        name[len] = '\0';
+
+        char *options = NULL;
+        if(pos != NULL) {
+          size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
+          options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2), pos+1, len2);
+        }
+#ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
+        if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
+          warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
+        } else
+#endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
+        add_init_library(name, options);
+      }
+    // -agentlib and -agentpath
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
+          (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
+      if(tail != NULL) {
+        const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
+        size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
+        char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
+        name[len] = '\0';
+
+        char *options = NULL;
+        if(pos != NULL) {
+          options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1), pos + 1);
+        }
+#ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
+        if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
+          warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
+        } else
+#endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
+        add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
+
+      }
+    // -javaagent
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
+      if(tail != NULL) {
+        char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1), tail);
+        add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
+      }
+    // -Xnoclassgc
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
+    // -Xincgc: i-CMS
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
+    // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
+    // -Xconcgc
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
+    // -Xnoconcgc
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
+    // -Xbatch
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
+    // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_initial_eden_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_eden_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid initial eden size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (size_t) long_initial_eden_size);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (size_t) long_initial_eden_size);
+    // -Xms
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      set_initial_heap_size((size_t) long_initial_heap_size);
+      // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
+      set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
+    // -Xmx
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_max_heap_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (size_t) long_max_heap_size);
+    // Xmaxf
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
+      int maxf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
+      if (maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
+                    option->optionString);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      } else {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
+      }
+    // Xminf
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
+      int minf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
+      if (minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
+                    option->optionString);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      } else {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
+      }
+    // -Xss
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
+                              round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
+    // -Xoss
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
+          // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
+    // -Xmaxjitcodesize
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize,
+                                            InitialCodeCacheSize);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s\n",
+                    option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
+    // -green
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Green threads support not available\n");
+          return JNI_EINVAL;
+    // -native
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
+          // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
+    // -Xsqnopause
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
+          // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
+    // -Xrs
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
+          // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
+          // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
+    // -Xoptimize
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
+          // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
+    // -Xprof
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
+#ifndef FPROF_KERNEL
+      _has_profile = true;
+#else // FPROF_KERNEL
+      // do we have to exit?
+      warning("Kernel VM does not support flat profiling.");
+#endif // FPROF_KERNEL
+    // -Xaprof
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xaprof", &tail)) {
+      _has_alloc_profile = true;
+    // -Xconcurrentio
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
+
+      // -Xinternalversion
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
+                  VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
+      vm_exit(0);
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+    // -Xprintflags
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
+      CommandLineFlags::printFlags();
+      vm_exit(0);
+#endif
+    // -D
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
+      if (!add_property(tail)) {
+        return JNI_ENOMEM;
+      }
+      // Out of the box management support
+      if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
+      }
+    // -Xint
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
+          set_mode_flags(_int);
+    // -Xmixed
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
+          set_mode_flags(_mixed);
+    // -Xcomp
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
+      // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
+          set_mode_flags(_comp);
+
+    // -Xshare:dump
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
+#ifdef TIERED
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
+      set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
+#elif defined(COMPILER2)
+      vm_exit_during_initialization(
+          "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Server JVM.", NULL);
+#elif defined(KERNEL)
+      vm_exit_during_initialization(
+          "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Kernel JVM.", NULL);
+#else
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
+      set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
+#endif
+    // -Xshare:on
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
+#ifdef TIERED
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ForceSharedSpaces, true);
+#endif // TIERED
+    // -Xshare:auto
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
+    // -Xshare:off
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
+
+    // -Xverify
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
+      if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
+      } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
+      } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
+        FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
+      } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+    // -Xdebug
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
+      // note this flag has been used, then ignore
+      set_xdebug_mode(true);
+    // -Xnoagent
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
+      // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
+      // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
+      // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
+      // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
+      // to initialize a fileStream.
+      _gc_log_filename = strdup(tail);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
+
+    // JNI hooks
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
+      if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
+        CheckJNICalls = true;
+      } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
+                                     "check")) {
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+    } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
+      _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
+      _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
+      _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
+    // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap", &tail)) {
+
+      // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
+      // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
+      // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
+      // amounts of cpu and memory.
+
+      // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
+      // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
+      // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
+      // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
+      // calculations.
+      julong initHeapSize;
+      julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
+
+      if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
+        vm_exit(1);
+      }
+
+      // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
+      // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
+      // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
+      // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
+
+      initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
+                          total_memory - (julong)160*M);
+
+      // Make sure that if we have a lot of memory we cap the 32 bit
+      // process space.  The 64bit VM version of this function is a nop.
+      initHeapSize = os::allocatable_physical_memory(initHeapSize);
+
+      // The perm gen is separate but contiguous with the
+      // object heap (and is reserved with it) so subtract it
+      // from the heap size.
+      if (initHeapSize > MaxPermSize) {
+        initHeapSize = initHeapSize - MaxPermSize;
+      } else {
+        warning("AggressiveHeap and MaxPermSize values may conflict");
+      }
+
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
+         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
+         set_initial_heap_size(MaxHeapSize);
+         // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
+         set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
+      }
+      if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
+         // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
+         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
+                                ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
+         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
+      }
+
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
+
+      // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
+
+      // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
+      // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
+      // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
+
+      // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
+      // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
+      // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
+      // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
+      // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
+      // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
+      // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
+      // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
+      // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
+      // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
+      // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
+      // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
+      // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
+
+      // CompilationPolicyChoice=0 causes the server compiler to adopt
+      // a more conservative which-method-do-I-compile policy when one
+      // of the counters maintained by the interpreter trips.  The
+      // result is reduced startup time and improved specjbb and
+      // alacrity performance.  Zero is the default, but we set it
+      // explicitly here in case the default changes.
+      // See runtime/compilationPolicy.*.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, CompilationPolicyChoice, 0);
+
+      // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
+      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, nof_parallel_gc_threads());
+
+      // Encourage steady state memory management
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
+
+      // This appears to improve mutator locality
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
+
+      // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
+      // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
+      // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
+
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
+      // The last option must always win.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
+      // The last option must always win.
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
+               match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+        "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
+        "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+        "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
+        "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+        "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
+        "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
+    // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
+    // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
+    // are not to be documented.
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
+      // No longer used.
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
+      // No longer used.
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
+      jlong long_tlab_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
+      // No longer used.
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
+SOLARIS_ONLY(
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UsePermISM", &tail)) {
+      warning("-XX:+UsePermISM is obsolete.");
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UsePermISM", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, false);
+)
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
+    } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
+#ifdef SOLARIS
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
+#else // ndef SOLARIS
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is only applicable on Solaris\n");
+      return JNI_EINVAL;
+#endif // ndef SOLARIS
+    } else
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
+      // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
+      julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+        "Please use -XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in place of "
+        "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
+    } else
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
+      jlong old_plab_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, (julong)old_plab_size);
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
+                  "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
+    } else
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
+      jlong young_plab_size = 0;
+      ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
+      if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
+        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                    "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
+        describe_range_error(errcode);
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, (julong)young_plab_size);
+      jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                  "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
+                  "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
+    } else
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
+      // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
+      if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
+        if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
+          return JNI_EINVAL;
+        }
+      }
+    // Unknown option
+    } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
+      return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
+  // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
+  scp_p->expand_endorsed();
+
+  if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
+    // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
+    Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
+  }
+
+  // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
+  // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
+  if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
+    // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
+    // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
+    // not specified.
+    set_mode_flags(_int);
+  }
+  if (CompileThreshold == 0) {
+    set_mode_flags(_int);
+  }
+
+#ifdef TIERED
+  // If we are using tiered compilation in the tiered vm then c1 will
+  // do the profiling and we don't want to waste that time in the
+  // interpreter.
+  if (TieredCompilation) {
+    ProfileInterpreter = false;
+  } else {
+    // Since we are running vanilla server we must adjust the compile threshold
+    // unless the user has already adjusted it because the default threshold assumes
+    // we will run tiered.
+
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThreshold)) {
+      CompileThreshold = Tier2CompileThreshold;
+    }
+  }
+#endif // TIERED
+
+#ifndef COMPILER2
+  // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
+  if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
+      MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
+    // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
+    // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
+    // Java heap and the code cache.
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
+    SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMPSS, false));
+    SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseISM, false));
+  }
+#else
+  if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
+    FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
+  return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
+                                            scp_assembly_required_p);
+}
+
+jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
+  return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
+                                            scp_assembly_required_p);
+}
+
+jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
+  const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
+  const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
+  char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
+
+  // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
+  // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
+  // (e.g. unix su command).
+  if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
+      !os::have_special_privileges()) {
+    JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
+    jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
+    char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
+      while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
+      if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
+
+      // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
+      // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
+      // input string (rd).
+      char* wrt = rd;
+
+      options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
+      while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
+        if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
+          int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
+          rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
+          while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
+            if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
+              jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
+                          "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
+              return JNI_ERR;
+            }
+            *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
+          }
+          rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
+        } else {
+          *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
+        }
+      }
+      // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
+      // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
+      if (*rd++ == 0) {
+        *wrt = 0;
+        break;
+      }
+      *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
+    }
+    // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
+    JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
+    vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
+    vm_args.options = options;
+    vm_args.nOptions = i;
+    vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
+
+    if (PrintVMOptions) {
+      const char* tail;
+      for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
+        const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
+        if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
+          logOption(tail);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, ENVIRON_VAR));
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+// Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
+
+jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
+
+  // Sharing support
+  // Construct the path to the archive
+  char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
+  os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
+#ifdef TIERED
+  if (strstr(jvm_path, "client") != NULL) {
+    force_client_mode = true;
+  }
+#endif // TIERED
+  char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
+  if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
+  char *shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(jvm_path) +
+                                        strlen(os::file_separator()) + 20);
+  if (shared_archive_path == NULL) return JNI_ENOMEM;
+  strcpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path);
+  strcat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator());
+  strcat(shared_archive_path, "classes");
+  DEBUG_ONLY(strcat(shared_archive_path, "_g");)
+  strcat(shared_archive_path, ".jsa");
+  SharedArchivePath = shared_archive_path;
+
+  // Remaining part of option string
+  const char* tail;
+
+  // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
+  bool settings_file_specified = false;
+  int index;
+  for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
+    const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
+      if (!process_settings_file(tail, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
+        return JNI_EINVAL;
+      }
+      settings_file_specified = true;
+    }
+    if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
+      PrintVMOptions = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
+  if (!settings_file_specified) {
+    if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
+      return JNI_EINVAL;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (PrintVMOptions) {
+    for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
+      const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
+      if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
+        logOption(tail);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
+  jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
+  if (result != JNI_OK) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+  if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
+    TraceBytecodes = true;
+  }
+  if (CountCompiledCalls) {
+    if (UseCounterDecay) {
+      warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
+      UseCounterDecay = false;
+    }
+  }
+#endif // PRODUCT
+
+  if (PrintGCDetails) {
+    // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
+    PrintGC = true;
+    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TraceClassUnloading)) {
+      TraceClassUnloading = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifdef SERIALGC
+  set_serial_gc_flags();
+#endif // SERIALGC
+#ifdef KERNEL
+  no_shared_spaces();
+#endif // KERNEL
+
+  // Set some flags for ParallelGC if needed.
+  set_parallel_gc_flags();
+
+  // Set some flags for CMS and/or ParNew collectors, as needed.
+  set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
+
+  // Set flags based on ergonomics.
+  set_ergonomics_flags();
+
+#ifdef SERIALGC
+  assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
+#endif // SERIALGC
+
+  // Set bytecode rewriting flags
+  set_bytecode_flags();
+
+  // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled.
+  set_aggressive_opts_flags();
+
+#ifdef CC_INTERP
+  // Biased locking is not implemented with c++ interpreter
+  FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
+#endif /* CC_INTERP */
+
+  if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
+    CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags();
+  }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
+  int count = 0;
+  while(pl != NULL) {
+    count++;
+    pl = pl->next();
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
+  assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
+  SystemProperty* prop;
+  for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
+    if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
+  int count = 0;
+  const char* ret_val = NULL;
+
+  while(pl != NULL) {
+    if(count >= index) {
+      ret_val = pl->key();
+      break;
+    }
+    count++;
+    pl = pl->next();
+  }
+
+  return ret_val;
+}
+
+char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
+  int count = 0;
+  char* ret_val = NULL;
+
+  while(pl != NULL) {
+    if(count >= index) {
+      ret_val = pl->value();
+      break;
+    }
+    count++;
+    pl = pl->next();
+  }
+
+  return ret_val;
+}
+
+void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
+  SystemProperty* p = *plist;
+  if (p == NULL) {
+    *plist = new_p;
+  } else {
+    while (p->next() != NULL) {
+      p = p->next();
+    }
+    p->set_next(new_p);
+  }
+}
+
+void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
+  if (plist == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
+  PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
+}
+
+// This add maintains unique property key in the list.
+void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
+  if (plist == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  // If property key exist then update with new value.
+  SystemProperty* prop;
+  for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
+    if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
+      prop->set_value(v);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
+}
+
+#ifdef KERNEL
+char *Arguments::get_kernel_properties() {
+  // Find properties starting with kernel and append them to string
+  // We need to find out how long they are first because the URL's that they
+  // might point to could get long.
+  int length = 0;
+  SystemProperty* prop;
+  for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
+    if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
+      length += (strlen(prop->key()) + strlen(prop->value()) + 5);  // "-D ="
+    }
+  }
+  // Add one for null terminator.
+  char *props = AllocateHeap(length + 1, "get_kernel_properties");
+  if (length != 0) {
+    int pos = 0;
+    for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
+      if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
+        jio_snprintf(&props[pos], length-pos,
+                     "-D%s=%s ", prop->key(), prop->value());
+        pos = strlen(props);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // null terminate props in case of null
+  props[length] = '\0';
+  return props;
+}
+#endif // KERNEL
+
+// Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
+// Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
+// the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
+// Notes:
+// 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
+// NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
+// pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
+// expanded one.
+// 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
+bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
+                                char* buf, size_t buflen) {
+  const char* p = src;
+  char* b = buf;
+  const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
+  char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
+
+  while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
+    if (*p == '%') {
+      switch (*(++p)) {
+      case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
+        *b++ = *p++;
+        break;
+      case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
+        // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
+        // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
+        size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
+        int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
+
+        // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
+        // the expanded pid, returns false.
+        if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
+          return false;
+        } else {
+          b += ret;
+          assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
+          if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
+            // reach the end of the buffer.
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+        p++;
+        break;
+      }
+      default :
+        *b++ = '%';
+      }
+    } else {
+      *b++ = *p++;
+    }
+  }
+  *b = '\0';
+  return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
+}