jdk/src/jdk.hprof.agent/share/native/libhprof/hprof_io.c
changeset 32234 421773f441c6
parent 32208 13203adcd002
parent 32233 d97dc26de1d7
child 32235 26648f472fe5
--- a/jdk/src/jdk.hprof.agent/share/native/libhprof/hprof_io.c	Thu Aug 20 11:38:21 2015 -0700
+++ /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
@@ -1,1980 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- *
- *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *
- *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *
- *   - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
- *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
- * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
- * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
- * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
- * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
- * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
- * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
- * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-/*
- * This source code is provided to illustrate the usage of a given feature
- * or technique and has been deliberately simplified. Additional steps
- * required for a production-quality application, such as security checks,
- * input validation and proper error handling, might not be present in
- * this sample code.
- */
-
-
-/* All I/O functionality for hprof. */
-
-/*
- * The hprof agent has many forms of output:
- *
- *   format=b   gdata->output_format=='b'
- *      Binary format. Defined below. This is used by HAT.
- *      This is NOT the same format as emitted by JVMPI.
- *
- *   format=a   gdata->output_format=='a'
- *      Ascii format. Not exactly an ascii representation of the binary format.
- *
- * And many forms of dumps:
- *
- *    heap=dump
- *        A large dump that in this implementation is written to a separate
- *        file first before being placed in the output file. Several reasons,
- *        the binary form needs a byte count of the length in the header, and
- *        references in this dump to other items need to be emitted first.
- *        So it's two pass, or use a temp file and copy.
- *    heap=sites
- *        Dumps the sites in the order of most allocations.
- *    cpu=samples
- *        Dumps the traces in order of most hits
- *    cpu=times
- *        Dumps the traces in the order of most time spent there.
- *    cpu=old   (format=a only)
- *        Dumps out an older form of cpu output (old -prof format)
- *    monitor=y (format=a only)
- *        Dumps out a list of monitors in order of most contended.
- *
- * This file also includes a binary format check function that will read
- *   back in the hprof binary format and verify the syntax looks correct.
- *
- * WARNING: Besides the comments below, there is little format spec on this,
- *          however see:
- *           http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/jvmpi/jvmpi.html#hprof
- */
-
-#include "hprof.h"
-
-typedef TableIndex HprofId;
-
-#include "hprof_ioname.h"
-#include "hprof_b_spec.h"
-
-static int type_size[ /*HprofType*/ ] =  HPROF_TYPE_SIZES;
-
-static void dump_heap_segment_and_reset(jlong segment_size);
-
-static void
-not_implemented(void)
-{
-}
-
-static IoNameIndex
-get_name_index(char *name)
-{
-    if (name != NULL && gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        return ioname_find_or_create(name, NULL);
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static char *
-signature_to_name(char *sig)
-{
-    char *ptr;
-    char *basename;
-    char *name;
-    int i;
-    int len;
-    int name_len;
-
-    if ( sig != NULL ) {
-        switch ( sig[0] ) {
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
-                ptr = strchr(sig+1, JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDCLASS);
-                if ( ptr == NULL ) {
-                    basename = "Unknown_class";
-                    break;
-                }
-                /*LINTED*/
-                name_len = (jint)(ptr - (sig+1));
-                name = HPROF_MALLOC(name_len+1);
-                (void)memcpy(name, sig+1, name_len);
-                name[name_len] = 0;
-                for ( i = 0 ; i < name_len ; i++ ) {
-                    if ( name[i] == '/' ) name[i] = '.';
-                }
-                return name;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
-                basename = signature_to_name(sig+1);
-                len = (int)strlen(basename);
-                name_len = len+2;
-                name = HPROF_MALLOC(name_len+1);
-                (void)memcpy(name, basename, len);
-                (void)memcpy(name+len, "[]", 2);
-                name[name_len] = 0;
-                HPROF_FREE(basename);
-                return name;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_FUNC:
-                ptr = strchr(sig+1, JVM_SIGNATURE_ENDFUNC);
-                if ( ptr == NULL ) {
-                    basename = "Unknown_method";
-                    break;
-                }
-                basename = "()"; /* Someday deal with method signatures */
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_BYTE:
-                basename = "byte";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_CHAR:
-                basename = "char";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_ENUM:
-                basename = "enum";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_FLOAT:
-                basename = "float";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_DOUBLE:
-                basename = "double";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
-                basename = "int";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_LONG:
-                basename = "long";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_SHORT:
-                basename = "short";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_VOID:
-                basename = "void";
-                break;
-            case JVM_SIGNATURE_BOOLEAN:
-                basename = "boolean";
-                break;
-            default:
-                basename = "Unknown_class";
-                break;
-        }
-    } else {
-        basename = "Unknown_class";
-    }
-
-    /* Simple basename */
-    name_len = (int)strlen(basename);
-    name = HPROF_MALLOC(name_len+1);
-    (void)strcpy(name, basename);
-    return name;
-}
-
-static int
-size_from_field_info(int size)
-{
-    if ( size == 0 ) {
-        size = (int)sizeof(HprofId);
-    }
-    return size;
-}
-
-static void
-type_from_signature(const char *sig, HprofType *kind, jint *size)
-{
-    *kind = HPROF_NORMAL_OBJECT;
-    *size = 0;
-    switch ( sig[0] ) {
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_ENUM:
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_CLASS:
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
-            *kind = HPROF_NORMAL_OBJECT;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_BOOLEAN:
-            *kind = HPROF_BOOLEAN;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_CHAR:
-            *kind = HPROF_CHAR;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_FLOAT:
-            *kind = HPROF_FLOAT;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_DOUBLE:
-            *kind = HPROF_DOUBLE;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_BYTE:
-            *kind = HPROF_BYTE;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_SHORT:
-            *kind = HPROF_SHORT;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_INT:
-            *kind = HPROF_INT;
-            break;
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_LONG:
-            *kind = HPROF_LONG;
-            break;
-        default:
-            HPROF_ASSERT(0);
-            break;
-    }
-    *size = type_size[*kind];
-}
-
-static void
-type_array(const char *sig, HprofType *kind, jint *elem_size)
-{
-    *kind = 0;
-    *elem_size = 0;
-    switch ( sig[0] ) {
-        case JVM_SIGNATURE_ARRAY:
-            type_from_signature(sig+1, kind, elem_size);
-            break;
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-system_error(const char *system_call, int rc, int errnum)
-{
-    char buf[256];
-    char details[256];
-
-    details[0] = 0;
-    if ( errnum != 0 ) {
-        md_system_error(details, (int)sizeof(details));
-    } else if ( rc >= 0 ) {
-        (void)strcpy(details,"Only part of buffer processed");
-    }
-    if ( details[0] == 0 ) {
-        (void)strcpy(details,"Unknown system error condition");
-    }
-    (void)md_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "System %s failed: %s\n",
-                            system_call, details);
-    HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, buf);
-}
-
-static void
-system_write(int fd, void *buf, int len, jboolean socket)
-{
-    int res;
-
-    HPROF_ASSERT(fd>=0);
-    if (socket) {
-        res = md_send(fd, buf, len, 0);
-        if (res < 0 || res!=len) {
-            system_error("send", res, errno);
-        }
-    } else {
-        res = md_write(fd, buf, len);
-        if (res < 0 || res!=len) {
-            system_error("write", res, errno);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-write_flush(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->fd >= 0);
-    if (gdata->write_buffer_index) {
-        system_write(gdata->fd, gdata->write_buffer, gdata->write_buffer_index,
-                                gdata->socket);
-        gdata->write_buffer_index = 0;
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-heap_flush(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->heap_fd >= 0);
-    if (gdata->heap_buffer_index) {
-        gdata->heap_write_count += (jlong)gdata->heap_buffer_index;
-        system_write(gdata->heap_fd, gdata->heap_buffer, gdata->heap_buffer_index,
-                                JNI_FALSE);
-        gdata->heap_buffer_index = 0;
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-write_raw(void *buf, int len)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->fd >= 0);
-    if (gdata->write_buffer_index + len > gdata->write_buffer_size) {
-        write_flush();
-        if (len > gdata->write_buffer_size) {
-            system_write(gdata->fd, buf, len, gdata->socket);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-    (void)memcpy(gdata->write_buffer + gdata->write_buffer_index, buf, len);
-    gdata->write_buffer_index += len;
-}
-
-static void
-write_u4(unsigned i)
-{
-    i = md_htonl(i);
-    write_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned));
-}
-
-static void
-write_u8(jlong t)
-{
-    write_u4((jint)jlong_high(t));
-    write_u4((jint)jlong_low(t));
-}
-
-static void
-write_u2(unsigned short i)
-{
-    i = md_htons(i);
-    write_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned short));
-}
-
-static void
-write_u1(unsigned char i)
-{
-    write_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned char));
-}
-
-static void
-write_id(HprofId i)
-{
-    write_u4(i);
-}
-
-static void
-write_current_ticks(void)
-{
-    write_u4((jint)(md_get_microsecs() - gdata->micro_sec_ticks));
-}
-
-static void
-write_header(unsigned char type, jint length)
-{
-    write_u1(type);
-    write_current_ticks();
-    write_u4(length);
-}
-
-static void
-write_index_id(HprofId index)
-{
-    write_id(index);
-}
-
-static IoNameIndex
-write_name_first(char *name)
-{
-    if ( name == NULL ) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        IoNameIndex name_index;
-        jboolean    new_one;
-
-        new_one = JNI_FALSE;
-        name_index = ioname_find_or_create(name, &new_one);
-        if ( new_one ) {
-            int      len;
-
-            len = (int)strlen(name);
-            write_header(HPROF_UTF8, len + (jint)sizeof(HprofId));
-            write_index_id(name_index);
-            write_raw(name, len);
-
-        }
-        return name_index;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-write_printf(char *fmt, ...)
-{
-    char buf[1024];
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, fmt);
-    (void)md_vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
-    buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
-    write_raw(buf, (int)strlen(buf));
-    va_end(args);
-}
-
-static void
-write_thread_serial_number(SerialNumber thread_serial_num, int with_comma)
-{
-    if ( thread_serial_num != 0 ) {
-        CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-        if ( with_comma ) {
-            write_printf(" thread %d,", thread_serial_num);
-        } else {
-            write_printf(" thread %d", thread_serial_num);
-        }
-    } else {
-        if ( with_comma ) {
-            write_printf(" <unknown thread>,");
-        } else {
-            write_printf(" <unknown thread>");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-heap_raw(void *buf, int len)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->heap_fd >= 0);
-    if (gdata->heap_buffer_index + len > gdata->heap_buffer_size) {
-        heap_flush();
-        if (len > gdata->heap_buffer_size) {
-            gdata->heap_write_count += (jlong)len;
-            system_write(gdata->heap_fd, buf, len, JNI_FALSE);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-    (void)memcpy(gdata->heap_buffer + gdata->heap_buffer_index, buf, len);
-    gdata->heap_buffer_index += len;
-}
-
-static void
-heap_u4(unsigned i)
-{
-    i = md_htonl(i);
-    heap_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned));
-}
-
-static void
-heap_u8(jlong i)
-{
-    heap_u4((jint)jlong_high(i));
-    heap_u4((jint)jlong_low(i));
-}
-
-static void
-heap_u2(unsigned short i)
-{
-    i = md_htons(i);
-    heap_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned short));
-}
-
-static void
-heap_u1(unsigned char i)
-{
-    heap_raw(&i, (jint)sizeof(unsigned char));
-}
-
-/* Write out the first byte of a heap tag */
-static void
-heap_tag(unsigned char tag)
-{
-    jlong pos;
-
-    /* Current position in virtual heap dump file */
-    pos = gdata->heap_write_count + (jlong)gdata->heap_buffer_index;
-    if ( gdata->segmented == JNI_TRUE ) { /* 1.0.2 */
-        if ( pos >= gdata->maxHeapSegment ) {
-            /* Flush all bytes to the heap dump file */
-            heap_flush();
-
-            /* Send out segment (up to last tag written out) */
-            dump_heap_segment_and_reset(gdata->heap_last_tag_position);
-
-            /* Get new current position */
-            pos = gdata->heap_write_count + (jlong)gdata->heap_buffer_index;
-        }
-    }
-    /* Save position of this tag */
-    gdata->heap_last_tag_position = pos;
-    /* Write out this tag */
-    heap_u1(tag);
-}
-
-static void
-heap_id(HprofId i)
-{
-    heap_u4(i);
-}
-
-static void
-heap_index_id(HprofId index)
-{
-    heap_id(index);
-}
-
-static void
-heap_name(char *name)
-{
-    heap_index_id(get_name_index(name));
-}
-
-static void
-heap_printf(char *fmt, ...)
-{
-    char buf[1024];
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, fmt);
-    (void)md_vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
-    buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
-    heap_raw(buf, (int)strlen(buf));
-    va_end(args);
-}
-
-static void
-heap_element(HprofType kind, jint size, jvalue value)
-{
-    if ( !HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind) ) {
-        HPROF_ASSERT(size==4);
-        heap_id((HprofId)value.i);
-    } else {
-        switch ( size ) {
-            case 8:
-                HPROF_ASSERT(size==8);
-                HPROF_ASSERT(kind==HPROF_LONG || kind==HPROF_DOUBLE);
-                heap_u8(value.j);
-                break;
-            case 4:
-                HPROF_ASSERT(size==4);
-                HPROF_ASSERT(kind==HPROF_INT || kind==HPROF_FLOAT);
-                heap_u4(value.i);
-                break;
-            case 2:
-                HPROF_ASSERT(size==2);
-                HPROF_ASSERT(kind==HPROF_SHORT || kind==HPROF_CHAR);
-                heap_u2(value.s);
-                break;
-            case 1:
-                HPROF_ASSERT(size==1);
-                HPROF_ASSERT(kind==HPROF_BOOLEAN || kind==HPROF_BYTE);
-                HPROF_ASSERT(kind==HPROF_BOOLEAN?(value.b==0 || value.b==1):1);
-                heap_u1(value.b);
-                break;
-            default:
-                HPROF_ASSERT(0);
-                break;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/* Dump out all elements of an array, objects in jvalues, prims packed */
-static void
-heap_elements(HprofType kind, jint num_elements, jint elem_size, void *elements)
-{
-    int     i;
-    jvalue  val;
-    static jvalue empty_val;
-
-    if ( num_elements == 0 ) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    switch ( kind ) {
-        case 0:
-        case HPROF_ARRAY_OBJECT:
-        case HPROF_NORMAL_OBJECT:
-            for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-                val   = empty_val;
-                val.i = ((ObjectIndex*)elements)[i];
-                heap_element(kind, elem_size, val);
-            }
-            break;
-        case HPROF_BYTE:
-        case HPROF_BOOLEAN:
-            HPROF_ASSERT(elem_size==1);
-            for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-                val   = empty_val;
-                val.b = ((jboolean*)elements)[i];
-                heap_element(kind, elem_size, val);
-            }
-            break;
-        case HPROF_CHAR:
-        case HPROF_SHORT:
-            HPROF_ASSERT(elem_size==2);
-            for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-                val   = empty_val;
-                val.s = ((jshort*)elements)[i];
-                heap_element(kind, elem_size, val);
-            }
-            break;
-        case HPROF_FLOAT:
-        case HPROF_INT:
-            HPROF_ASSERT(elem_size==4);
-            for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-                val   = empty_val;
-                val.i = ((jint*)elements)[i];
-                heap_element(kind, elem_size, val);
-            }
-            break;
-        case HPROF_DOUBLE:
-        case HPROF_LONG:
-            HPROF_ASSERT(elem_size==8);
-            for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-                val   = empty_val;
-                val.j = ((jlong*)elements)[i];
-                heap_element(kind, elem_size, val);
-            }
-            break;
-    }
-}
-
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-void
-io_flush(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->header!=NULL);
-    write_flush();
-}
-
-void
-io_setup(void)
-{
-    gdata->write_buffer_size = FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE;
-    gdata->write_buffer = HPROF_MALLOC(gdata->write_buffer_size);
-    gdata->write_buffer_index = 0;
-
-    gdata->heap_write_count = (jlong)0;
-    gdata->heap_last_tag_position = (jlong)0;
-    gdata->heap_buffer_size = FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE;
-    gdata->heap_buffer = HPROF_MALLOC(gdata->heap_buffer_size);
-    gdata->heap_buffer_index = 0;
-
-    if ( gdata->logflags & LOG_CHECK_BINARY ) {
-        gdata->check_buffer_size = FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE;
-        gdata->check_buffer = HPROF_MALLOC(gdata->check_buffer_size);
-        gdata->check_buffer_index = 0;
-    }
-
-    ioname_init();
-}
-
-void
-io_cleanup(void)
-{
-    if ( gdata->write_buffer != NULL ) {
-        HPROF_FREE(gdata->write_buffer);
-    }
-    gdata->write_buffer_size = 0;
-    gdata->write_buffer = NULL;
-    gdata->write_buffer_index = 0;
-
-    if ( gdata->heap_buffer != NULL ) {
-        HPROF_FREE(gdata->heap_buffer);
-    }
-    gdata->heap_write_count = (jlong)0;
-    gdata->heap_last_tag_position = (jlong)0;
-    gdata->heap_buffer_size = 0;
-    gdata->heap_buffer = NULL;
-    gdata->heap_buffer_index = 0;
-
-    if ( gdata->logflags & LOG_CHECK_BINARY ) {
-        if ( gdata->check_buffer != NULL ) {
-            HPROF_FREE(gdata->check_buffer);
-        }
-        gdata->check_buffer_size = 0;
-        gdata->check_buffer = NULL;
-        gdata->check_buffer_index = 0;
-    }
-
-    ioname_cleanup();
-}
-
-void
-io_write_file_header(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->header!=NULL);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        jint settings;
-        jlong t;
-
-        settings = 0;
-        if (gdata->heap_dump || gdata->alloc_sites) {
-            settings |= 1;
-        }
-        if (gdata->cpu_sampling) {
-            settings |= 2;
-        }
-        t = md_get_timemillis();
-
-        write_raw(gdata->header, (int)strlen(gdata->header) + 1);
-        write_u4((jint)sizeof(HprofId));
-        write_u8(t);
-
-        write_header(HPROF_CONTROL_SETTINGS, 4 + 2);
-        write_u4(settings);
-        write_u2((unsigned short)gdata->max_trace_depth);
-
-    } else if ((!gdata->cpu_timing) || (!gdata->old_timing_format)) {
-        /* We don't want the prelude file for the old prof output format */
-        time_t t;
-        char prelude_file[FILENAME_MAX];
-        int prelude_fd;
-        int nbytes;
-
-        t = time(0);
-
-        md_get_prelude_path(prelude_file, sizeof(prelude_file), PRELUDE_FILE);
-
-        prelude_fd = md_open(prelude_file);
-        if (prelude_fd < 0) {
-            char buf[FILENAME_MAX+80];
-
-            (void)md_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Can't open %s", prelude_file);
-            buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
-            HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, buf);
-        }
-
-        write_printf("%s, created %s\n", gdata->header, ctime(&t));
-
-        do {
-            char buf[1024]; /* File is small, small buffer ok here */
-
-            nbytes = md_read(prelude_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
-            if ( nbytes < 0 ) {
-                system_error("read", nbytes, errno);
-                break;
-            }
-            if (nbytes == 0) {
-                break;
-            }
-            write_raw(buf, nbytes);
-        } while ( nbytes > 0 );
-
-        md_close(prelude_fd);
-
-        write_printf("\n--------\n\n");
-
-        write_flush();
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_file_footer(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->header!=NULL);
-}
-
-void
-io_write_class_load(SerialNumber class_serial_num, ObjectIndex index,
-                    SerialNumber trace_serial_num, char *sig)
-{
-    CHECK_CLASS_SERIAL_NO(class_serial_num);
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        IoNameIndex name_index;
-        char *class_name;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        name_index = write_name_first(class_name);
-        write_header(HPROF_LOAD_CLASS, (2 * (jint)sizeof(HprofId)) + (4 * 2));
-        write_u4(class_serial_num);
-        write_index_id(index);
-        write_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        write_index_id(name_index);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_class_unload(SerialNumber class_serial_num, ObjectIndex index)
-{
-    CHECK_CLASS_SERIAL_NO(class_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_UNLOAD_CLASS, 4);
-        write_u4(class_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_sites_header(const char * comment_str, jint flags, double cutoff,
-                    jint total_live_bytes, jint total_live_instances,
-                    jlong total_alloced_bytes, jlong total_alloced_instances,
-                    jint count)
-{
-    if ( gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_ALLOC_SITES, 2 + (8 * 4) + (count * (4 * 6 + 1)));
-        write_u2((unsigned short)flags);
-        write_u4(*(int *)(&cutoff));
-        write_u4(total_live_bytes);
-        write_u4(total_live_instances);
-        write_u8(total_alloced_bytes);
-        write_u8(total_alloced_instances);
-        write_u4(count);
-    } else {
-        time_t t;
-
-        t = time(0);
-        write_printf("SITES BEGIN (ordered by %s) %s", comment_str, ctime(&t));
-        write_printf(
-            "          percent          live          alloc'ed  stack class\n");
-        write_printf(
-            " rank   self  accum     bytes objs     bytes  objs trace name\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_sites_elem(jint index, double ratio, double accum_percent,
-                char *sig, SerialNumber class_serial_num,
-                SerialNumber trace_serial_num, jint n_live_bytes,
-                jint n_live_instances, jint n_alloced_bytes,
-                jint n_alloced_instances)
-{
-    CHECK_CLASS_SERIAL_NO(class_serial_num);
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if ( gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        HprofType kind;
-        jint size;
-
-        type_array(sig, &kind, &size);
-        write_u1(kind);
-        write_u4(class_serial_num);
-        write_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        write_u4(n_live_bytes);
-        write_u4(n_live_instances);
-        write_u4(n_alloced_bytes);
-        write_u4(n_alloced_instances);
-    } else {
-        char *class_name;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        write_printf("%5u %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %9u %4u %9u %5u %5u %s\n",
-                     index,
-                     ratio * 100.0,
-                     accum_percent * 100.0,
-                     n_live_bytes,
-                     n_live_instances,
-                     n_alloced_bytes,
-                     n_alloced_instances,
-                     trace_serial_num,
-                     class_name);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_sites_footer(void)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        write_printf("SITES END\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_thread_start(SerialNumber thread_serial_num,
-                        ObjectIndex thread_obj_id,
-                        SerialNumber trace_serial_num, char *thread_name,
-                        char *thread_group_name, char *thread_parent_name)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        IoNameIndex tname_index;
-        IoNameIndex gname_index;
-        IoNameIndex pname_index;
-
-        tname_index = write_name_first(thread_name);
-        gname_index = write_name_first(thread_group_name);
-        pname_index = write_name_first(thread_parent_name);
-        write_header(HPROF_START_THREAD, ((jint)sizeof(HprofId) * 4) + (4 * 2));
-        write_u4(thread_serial_num);
-        write_index_id(thread_obj_id);
-        write_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        write_index_id(tname_index);
-        write_index_id(gname_index);
-        write_index_id(pname_index);
-
-    } else if ( (!gdata->cpu_timing) || (!gdata->old_timing_format)) {
-        /* We don't want thread info for the old prof output format */
-        write_printf("THREAD START "
-                     "(obj=%x, id = %d, name=\"%s\", group=\"%s\")\n",
-                     thread_obj_id, thread_serial_num,
-                     (thread_name==NULL?"":thread_name),
-                     (thread_group_name==NULL?"":thread_group_name));
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_thread_end(SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_END_THREAD, 4);
-        write_u4(thread_serial_num);
-
-    } else if ( (!gdata->cpu_timing) || (!gdata->old_timing_format)) {
-        /* we don't want thread info for the old prof output format */
-        write_printf("THREAD END (id = %d)\n", thread_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_frame(FrameIndex index, SerialNumber frame_serial_num,
-               char *mname, char *msig, char *sname,
-               SerialNumber class_serial_num, jint lineno)
-{
-    CHECK_CLASS_SERIAL_NO(class_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        IoNameIndex mname_index;
-        IoNameIndex msig_index;
-        IoNameIndex sname_index;
-
-        mname_index = write_name_first(mname);
-        msig_index  = write_name_first(msig);
-        sname_index = write_name_first(sname);
-
-        write_header(HPROF_FRAME, ((jint)sizeof(HprofId) * 4) + (4 * 2));
-        write_index_id(index);
-        write_index_id(mname_index);
-        write_index_id(msig_index);
-        write_index_id(sname_index);
-        write_u4(class_serial_num);
-        write_u4(lineno);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_trace_header(SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                SerialNumber thread_serial_num, jint n_frames, char *phase_str)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_TRACE, ((jint)sizeof(HprofId) * n_frames) + (4 * 3));
-        write_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        write_u4(thread_serial_num);
-        write_u4(n_frames);
-    } else {
-        write_printf("TRACE %u:", trace_serial_num);
-        if (thread_serial_num) {
-            write_printf(" (thread=%d)", thread_serial_num);
-        }
-        if ( phase_str != NULL ) {
-            write_printf(" (from %s phase of JVM)", phase_str);
-        }
-        write_printf("\n");
-        if (n_frames == 0) {
-            write_printf("\t<empty>\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_trace_elem(SerialNumber trace_serial_num, FrameIndex frame_index,
-                    SerialNumber frame_serial_num,
-                    char *csig, char *mname, char *sname, jint lineno)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_index_id(frame_index);
-    } else {
-        char *class_name;
-        char linebuf[32];
-
-        if (lineno == -2) {
-            (void)md_snprintf(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), "Compiled method");
-        } else if (lineno == -3) {
-            (void)md_snprintf(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), "Native method");
-        } else if (lineno == -1) {
-            (void)md_snprintf(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), "Unknown line");
-        } else {
-            (void)md_snprintf(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), "%d", lineno);
-        }
-        linebuf[sizeof(linebuf)-1] = 0;
-        class_name = signature_to_name(csig);
-        if ( mname == NULL ) {
-            mname = "<Unknown Method>";
-        }
-        if ( sname == NULL ) {
-            sname = "<Unknown Source>";
-        }
-        write_printf("\t%s.%s(%s:%s)\n", class_name, mname, sname, linebuf);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_trace_footer(SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                SerialNumber thread_serial_num, jint n_frames)
-{
-}
-
-#define CPU_SAMPLES_RECORD_NAME ("CPU SAMPLES")
-#define CPU_TIMES_RECORD_NAME ("CPU TIME (ms)")
-
-void
-io_write_cpu_samples_header(jlong total_cost, jint n_items)
-{
-
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_CPU_SAMPLES, (n_items * (4 * 2)) + (4 * 2));
-        write_u4((jint)total_cost);
-        write_u4(n_items);
-    } else {
-        time_t t;
-        char *record_name;
-
-        if ( gdata->cpu_sampling ) {
-            record_name = CPU_SAMPLES_RECORD_NAME;
-        } else {
-            record_name = CPU_TIMES_RECORD_NAME;
-        }
-        t = time(0);
-        write_printf("%s BEGIN (total = %d) %s", record_name,
-                     /*jlong*/(int)total_cost, ctime(&t));
-        if ( n_items > 0 ) {
-            write_printf("rank   self  accum   count trace method\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_cpu_samples_elem(jint index, double percent, double accum,
-                jint num_hits, jlong cost, SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                jint n_frames, char *csig, char *mname)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_u4((jint)cost);
-        write_u4(trace_serial_num);
-    } else {
-        write_printf("%4u %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %7u %5u",
-                     index, percent, accum, num_hits,
-                     trace_serial_num);
-        if (n_frames > 0) {
-            char * class_name;
-
-            class_name = signature_to_name(csig);
-            write_printf(" %s.%s\n", class_name, mname);
-            HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-        } else {
-            write_printf(" <empty trace>\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_cpu_samples_footer(void)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        char *record_name;
-
-        if ( gdata->cpu_sampling ) {
-            record_name = CPU_SAMPLES_RECORD_NAME;
-        } else {
-            record_name = CPU_TIMES_RECORD_NAME;
-        }
-        write_printf("%s END\n", record_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_heap_summary(jlong total_live_bytes, jlong total_live_instances,
-                jlong total_alloced_bytes, jlong total_alloced_instances)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        write_header(HPROF_HEAP_SUMMARY, 4 * 6);
-        write_u4((jint)total_live_bytes);
-        write_u4((jint)total_live_instances);
-        write_u8(total_alloced_bytes);
-        write_u8(total_alloced_instances);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_oldprof_header(void)
-{
-    if ( gdata->old_timing_format ) {
-        write_printf("count callee caller time\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_oldprof_elem(jint num_hits, jint num_frames, char *csig_callee,
-            char *mname_callee, char *msig_callee, char *csig_caller,
-            char *mname_caller, char *msig_caller, jlong cost)
-{
-    if ( gdata->old_timing_format ) {
-        char * class_name_callee;
-        char * class_name_caller;
-
-        class_name_callee = signature_to_name(csig_callee);
-        class_name_caller = signature_to_name(csig_caller);
-        write_printf("%d ", num_hits);
-        if (num_frames >= 1) {
-            write_printf("%s.%s%s ", class_name_callee,
-                 mname_callee,  msig_callee);
-        } else {
-            write_printf("%s ", "<unknown callee>");
-        }
-        if (num_frames > 1) {
-            write_printf("%s.%s%s ", class_name_caller,
-                 mname_caller,  msig_caller);
-        } else {
-            write_printf("%s ", "<unknown caller>");
-        }
-        write_printf("%d\n", (int)cost);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name_callee);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name_caller);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_oldprof_footer(void)
-{
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_header(jlong total_time)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        time_t t = time(0);
-
-        t = time(0);
-        write_printf("MONITOR TIME BEGIN (total = %u ms) %s",
-                                (int)total_time, ctime(&t));
-        if (total_time > 0) {
-            write_printf("rank   self  accum   count trace monitor\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_elem(jint index, double percent, double accum,
-            jint num_hits, SerialNumber trace_serial_num, char *sig)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        char *class_name;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        write_printf("%4u %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %7u %5u %s (Java)\n",
-                     index, percent, accum, num_hits,
-                     trace_serial_num, class_name);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_footer(void)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        write_printf("MONITOR TIME END\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_sleep(jlong timeout, SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        if ( thread_serial_num == 0 ) {
-            write_printf("SLEEP: timeout=%d, <unknown thread>\n",
-                        (int)timeout);
-        } else {
-            CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-            write_printf("SLEEP: timeout=%d, thread %d\n",
-                        (int)timeout, thread_serial_num);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_wait(char *sig, jlong timeout,
-                SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        if ( thread_serial_num == 0 ) {
-            write_printf("WAIT: MONITOR %s, timeout=%d, <unknown thread>\n",
-                        sig, (int)timeout);
-        } else {
-            CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-            write_printf("WAIT: MONITOR %s, timeout=%d, thread %d\n",
-                        sig, (int)timeout, thread_serial_num);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_waited(char *sig, jlong time_waited,
-                SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        if ( thread_serial_num == 0 ) {
-            write_printf("WAITED: MONITOR %s, time_waited=%d, <unknown thread>\n",
-                        sig, (int)time_waited);
-        } else {
-            CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-            write_printf("WAITED: MONITOR %s, time_waited=%d, thread %d\n",
-                        sig, (int)time_waited, thread_serial_num);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_exit(char *sig, SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        if ( thread_serial_num == 0 ) {
-            write_printf("EXIT: MONITOR %s, <unknown thread>\n", sig);
-        } else {
-            CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-            write_printf("EXIT: MONITOR %s, thread %d\n",
-                        sig, thread_serial_num);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_dump_header(void)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        write_printf("MONITOR DUMP BEGIN\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_dump_thread_state(SerialNumber thread_serial_num,
-                      SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                      jint threadState)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        char tstate[20];
-
-        tstate[0] = 0;
-
-        if (threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_SUSPENDED) {
-            (void)strcat(tstate,"S|");
-        }
-        if (threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_INTERRUPTED) {
-            (void)strcat(tstate,"intr|");
-        }
-        if (threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_IN_NATIVE) {
-            (void)strcat(tstate,"native|");
-        }
-        if ( ! ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE ) ) {
-            if ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_TERMINATED ) {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"ZO");
-            } else {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"NS");
-            }
-        } else {
-            if ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_SLEEPING ) {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"SL");
-            } else if ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_BLOCKED_ON_MONITOR_ENTER ) {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"MW");
-            } else if ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING ) {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"CW");
-            } else if ( threadState & JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_RUNNABLE ) {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"R");
-            } else {
-                (void)strcat(tstate,"UN");
-            }
-        }
-        write_printf("    THREAD %d, trace %d, status: %s\n",
-                     thread_serial_num, trace_serial_num, tstate);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_dump_state(char *sig, SerialNumber thread_serial_num,
-                    jint entry_count,
-                    SerialNumber *waiters, jint waiter_count,
-                    SerialNumber *notify_waiters, jint notify_waiter_count)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        int i;
-
-        if ( thread_serial_num != 0 ) {
-            CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-            write_printf("    MONITOR %s\n", sig);
-            write_printf("\towner: thread %d, entry count: %d\n",
-                thread_serial_num, entry_count);
-        } else {
-            write_printf("    MONITOR %s unowned\n", sig);
-        }
-        write_printf("\twaiting to enter:");
-        for (i = 0; i < waiter_count; i++) {
-            write_thread_serial_number(waiters[i],
-                                (i != (waiter_count-1)));
-        }
-        write_printf("\n");
-        write_printf("\twaiting to be notified:");
-        for (i = 0; i < notify_waiter_count; i++) {
-            write_thread_serial_number(notify_waiters[i],
-                                (i != (notify_waiter_count-1)));
-        }
-        write_printf("\n");
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_write_monitor_dump_footer(void)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        not_implemented();
-    } else {
-        write_printf("MONITOR DUMP END\n");
-    }
-}
-
-/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
-/* These functions write to a separate file */
-
-void
-io_heap_header(jlong total_live_instances, jlong total_live_bytes)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format != 'b') {
-        time_t t;
-
-        t = time(0);
-        heap_printf("HEAP DUMP BEGIN (%u objects, %u bytes) %s",
-                        /*jlong*/(int)total_live_instances,
-                        /*jlong*/(int)total_live_bytes, ctime(&t));
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_thread_object(ObjectIndex thread_obj_id,
-                SerialNumber thread_serial_num, SerialNumber trace_serial_num)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-         heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_THREAD_OBJ);
-         heap_id(thread_obj_id);
-         heap_u4(thread_serial_num);
-         heap_u4(trace_serial_num);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<thread>, id=%u, trace=%u)\n",
-                     thread_obj_id, thread_serial_num, trace_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_unknown(ObjectIndex obj_id)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_UNKNOWN);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<unknown>)\n", obj_id);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_jni_global(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber gref_serial_num,
-                         SerialNumber trace_serial_num)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_JNI_GLOBAL);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_id(gref_serial_num);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<JNI global ref>, "
-                     "id=%x, trace=%u)\n",
-                     obj_id, gref_serial_num, trace_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_jni_local(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber thread_serial_num,
-        jint frame_depth)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_JNI_LOCAL);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(thread_serial_num);
-        heap_u4(frame_depth);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<JNI local ref>, "
-                     "thread=%u, frame=%d)\n",
-                     obj_id, thread_serial_num, frame_depth);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_system_class(ObjectIndex obj_id, char *sig, SerialNumber class_serial_num)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_STICKY_CLASS);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-    } else {
-        char *class_name;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<system class>, name=%s)\n",
-                     obj_id, class_name);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_monitor(ObjectIndex obj_id)
-{
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_MONITOR_USED);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<busy monitor>)\n", obj_id);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_thread(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_THREAD_BLOCK);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(thread_serial_num);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<thread block>, thread=%u)\n",
-                     obj_id, thread_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_java_frame(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber thread_serial_num,
-        jint frame_depth)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_JAVA_FRAME);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(thread_serial_num);
-        heap_u4(frame_depth);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<Java stack>, "
-                     "thread=%u, frame=%d)\n",
-                     obj_id, thread_serial_num, frame_depth);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_root_native_stack(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber thread_serial_num)
-{
-    CHECK_THREAD_SERIAL_NO(thread_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_ROOT_NATIVE_STACK);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(thread_serial_num);
-    } else {
-        heap_printf("ROOT %x (kind=<native stack>, thread=%u)\n",
-                     obj_id, thread_serial_num);
-    }
-}
-
-static jboolean
-is_static_field(jint modifiers)
-{
-    if ( modifiers & JVM_ACC_STATIC ) {
-        return JNI_TRUE;
-    }
-    return JNI_FALSE;
-}
-
-static jboolean
-is_inst_field(jint modifiers)
-{
-    if ( modifiers & JVM_ACC_STATIC ) {
-        return JNI_FALSE;
-    }
-    return JNI_TRUE;
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_class_dump(ClassIndex cnum, char *sig, ObjectIndex class_id,
-                SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                ObjectIndex super_id, ObjectIndex loader_id,
-                ObjectIndex signers_id, ObjectIndex domain_id,
-                jint size,
-                jint n_cpool, ConstantPoolValue *cpool,
-                jint n_fields, FieldInfo *fields, jvalue *fvalues)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        int  i;
-        jint n_static_fields;
-        jint n_inst_fields;
-        jint inst_size;
-        jint saved_inst_size;
-
-        n_static_fields = 0;
-        n_inst_fields = 0;
-        inst_size = 0;
-
-        /* These do NOT go into the heap output */
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_fields ; i++ ) {
-            if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum &&
-                 is_static_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                char *field_name;
-
-                field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                (void)write_name_first(field_name);
-                n_static_fields++;
-            }
-            if ( is_inst_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                inst_size += size_from_field_info(fields[i].primSize);
-                if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum ) {
-                    char *field_name;
-
-                    field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                    (void)write_name_first(field_name);
-                    n_inst_fields++;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /* Verify that the instance size we have calculated as we went
-         *   through the fields, matches what is saved away with this
-         *   class.
-         */
-        if ( size >= 0 ) {
-            saved_inst_size = class_get_inst_size(cnum);
-            if ( saved_inst_size == -1 ) {
-                class_set_inst_size(cnum, inst_size);
-            } else if ( saved_inst_size != inst_size ) {
-                HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, "Mis-match on instance size in class dump");
-            }
-        }
-
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_CLASS_DUMP);
-        heap_id(class_id);
-        heap_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        heap_id(super_id);
-        heap_id(loader_id);
-        heap_id(signers_id);
-        heap_id(domain_id);
-        heap_id(0);
-        heap_id(0);
-        heap_u4(inst_size); /* Must match inst_size in instance dump */
-
-        heap_u2((unsigned short)n_cpool);
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_cpool ; i++ ) {
-            HprofType kind;
-            jint size;
-
-            type_from_signature(string_get(cpool[i].sig_index),
-                            &kind, &size);
-            heap_u2((unsigned short)(cpool[i].constant_pool_index));
-            heap_u1(kind);
-            HPROF_ASSERT(!HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind));
-            heap_element(kind, size, cpool[i].value);
-        }
-
-        heap_u2((unsigned short)n_static_fields);
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_fields ; i++ ) {
-            if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum &&
-                 is_static_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                char *field_name;
-                HprofType kind;
-                jint size;
-
-                type_from_signature(string_get(fields[i].sig_index),
-                                &kind, &size);
-                field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                heap_name(field_name);
-                heap_u1(kind);
-                heap_element(kind, size, fvalues[i]);
-            }
-        }
-
-        heap_u2((unsigned short)n_inst_fields); /* Does not include super class */
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_fields ; i++ ) {
-            if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum &&
-                 is_inst_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                HprofType kind;
-                jint size;
-                char *field_name;
-
-                field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                type_from_signature(string_get(fields[i].sig_index),
-                            &kind, &size);
-                heap_name(field_name);
-                heap_u1(kind);
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        char * class_name;
-        int i;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        heap_printf("CLS %x (name=%s, trace=%u)\n",
-                     class_id, class_name, trace_serial_num);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-        if (super_id) {
-            heap_printf("\tsuper\t\t%x\n", super_id);
-        }
-        if (loader_id) {
-            heap_printf("\tloader\t\t%x\n", loader_id);
-        }
-        if (signers_id) {
-            heap_printf("\tsigners\t\t%x\n", signers_id);
-        }
-        if (domain_id) {
-            heap_printf("\tdomain\t\t%x\n", domain_id);
-        }
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_fields ; i++ ) {
-            if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum &&
-                 is_static_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                HprofType kind;
-                jint size;
-
-                type_from_signature(string_get(fields[i].sig_index),
-                                &kind, &size);
-                if ( !HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind) ) {
-                    if (fvalues[i].i != 0 ) {
-                        char *field_name;
-
-                        field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                        heap_printf("\tstatic %s\t%x\n", field_name,
-                            fvalues[i].i);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        for ( i = 0 ; i < n_cpool ; i++ ) {
-            HprofType kind;
-            jint size;
-
-            type_from_signature(string_get(cpool[i].sig_index), &kind, &size);
-            if ( !HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind) ) {
-                if (cpool[i].value.i != 0 ) {
-                    heap_printf("\tconstant pool entry %d\t%x\n",
-                            cpool[i].constant_pool_index, cpool[i].value.i);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/* Dump the instance fields in the right order. */
-static int
-dump_instance_fields(ClassIndex cnum,
-                     FieldInfo *fields, jvalue *fvalues, jint n_fields)
-{
-    ClassIndex super_cnum;
-    int        i;
-    int        nbytes;
-
-    HPROF_ASSERT(cnum!=0);
-
-    nbytes = 0;
-    for (i = 0; i < n_fields; i++) {
-        if ( fields[i].cnum == cnum &&
-             is_inst_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-            HprofType kind;
-            int size;
-
-            type_from_signature(string_get(fields[i].sig_index),
-                            &kind, &size);
-            heap_element(kind, size, fvalues[i]);
-            nbytes += size;
-        }
-    }
-
-    super_cnum = class_get_super(cnum);
-    if ( super_cnum != 0 ) {
-        nbytes += dump_instance_fields(super_cnum, fields, fvalues, n_fields);
-    }
-    return nbytes;
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_instance_dump(ClassIndex cnum, ObjectIndex obj_id,
-                SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                ObjectIndex class_id, jint size, char *sig,
-                FieldInfo *fields, jvalue *fvalues, jint n_fields)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        jint inst_size;
-        jint saved_inst_size;
-        int  i;
-        int  nbytes;
-
-        inst_size = 0;
-        for (i = 0; i < n_fields; i++) {
-            if ( is_inst_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                inst_size += size_from_field_info(fields[i].primSize);
-            }
-        }
-
-        /* Verify that the instance size we have calculated as we went
-         *   through the fields, matches what is saved away with this
-         *   class.
-         */
-        saved_inst_size = class_get_inst_size(cnum);
-        if ( saved_inst_size == -1 ) {
-            class_set_inst_size(cnum, inst_size);
-        } else if ( saved_inst_size != inst_size ) {
-            HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, "Mis-match on instance size in instance dump");
-        }
-
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_INSTANCE_DUMP);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        heap_id(class_id);
-        heap_u4(inst_size); /* Must match inst_size in class dump */
-
-        /* Order must be class, super, super's super, ... */
-        nbytes = dump_instance_fields(cnum, fields, fvalues, n_fields);
-        HPROF_ASSERT(nbytes==inst_size);
-    } else {
-        char * class_name;
-        int i;
-
-        class_name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        heap_printf("OBJ %x (sz=%u, trace=%u, class=%s@%x)\n",
-                     obj_id, size, trace_serial_num, class_name, class_id);
-        HPROF_FREE(class_name);
-
-        for (i = 0; i < n_fields; i++) {
-            if ( is_inst_field(fields[i].modifiers) ) {
-                HprofType kind;
-                int size;
-
-                type_from_signature(string_get(fields[i].sig_index),
-                            &kind, &size);
-                if ( !HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind) ) {
-                    if (fvalues[i].i != 0 ) {
-                        char *sep;
-                        ObjectIndex val_id;
-                        char *field_name;
-
-                        field_name = string_get(fields[i].name_index);
-                        val_id =  (ObjectIndex)(fvalues[i].i);
-                        sep = (int)strlen(field_name) < 8 ? "\t" : "";
-                        heap_printf("\t%s\t%s%x\n", field_name, sep, val_id);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_object_array(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-                jint size, jint num_elements, char *sig, ObjectIndex *values,
-                ObjectIndex class_id)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_OBJ_ARRAY_DUMP);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        heap_u4(num_elements);
-        heap_id(class_id);
-        heap_elements(HPROF_NORMAL_OBJECT, num_elements,
-                (jint)sizeof(HprofId), (void*)values);
-    } else {
-        char *name;
-        int i;
-
-        name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        heap_printf("ARR %x (sz=%u, trace=%u, nelems=%u, elem type=%s@%x)\n",
-                     obj_id, size, trace_serial_num, num_elements,
-                     name, class_id);
-        for (i = 0; i < num_elements; i++) {
-            ObjectIndex id;
-
-            id = values[i];
-            if (id != 0) {
-                heap_printf("\t[%u]\t\t%x\n", i, id);
-            }
-        }
-        HPROF_FREE(name);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_prim_array(ObjectIndex obj_id, SerialNumber trace_serial_num,
-              jint size, jint num_elements, char *sig, void *elements)
-{
-    CHECK_TRACE_SERIAL_NO(trace_serial_num);
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        HprofType kind;
-        jint  esize;
-
-        type_array(sig, &kind, &esize);
-        HPROF_ASSERT(HPROF_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE(kind));
-        heap_tag(HPROF_GC_PRIM_ARRAY_DUMP);
-        heap_id(obj_id);
-        heap_u4(trace_serial_num);
-        heap_u4(num_elements);
-        heap_u1(kind);
-        heap_elements(kind, num_elements, esize, elements);
-    } else {
-        char *name;
-
-        name = signature_to_name(sig);
-        heap_printf("ARR %x (sz=%u, trace=%u, nelems=%u, elem type=%s)\n",
-                     obj_id, size, trace_serial_num, num_elements, name);
-        HPROF_FREE(name);
-    }
-}
-
-/* Move file bytes into supplied raw interface */
-static void
-write_raw_from_file(int fd, jlong byteCount, void (*raw_interface)(void *,int))
-{
-    char *buf;
-    int   buf_len;
-    int   left;
-    int   nbytes;
-
-    HPROF_ASSERT(fd >= 0);
-
-    /* Move contents of this file into output file. */
-    buf_len = FILE_IO_BUFFER_SIZE*2; /* Twice as big! */
-    buf = HPROF_MALLOC(buf_len);
-    HPROF_ASSERT(buf!=NULL);
-
-    /* Keep track of how many we have left */
-    left = (int)byteCount;
-    do {
-        int count;
-
-        count = buf_len;
-        if ( count > left ) count = left;
-        nbytes = md_read(fd, buf, count);
-        if (nbytes < 0) {
-            system_error("read", nbytes, errno);
-            break;
-        }
-        if (nbytes == 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-        if ( nbytes > 0 ) {
-            (*raw_interface)(buf, nbytes);
-            left -= nbytes;
-        }
-    } while ( left > 0 );
-
-    if (left > 0 && nbytes == 0) {
-        HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, "File size is smaller than bytes written");
-    }
-    HPROF_FREE(buf);
-}
-
-/* Write out a heap segment, and copy remainder to top of file. */
-static void
-dump_heap_segment_and_reset(jlong segment_size)
-{
-    int   fd;
-    jlong last_chunk_len;
-
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->heap_fd >= 0);
-
-    /* Flush all bytes to the heap dump file */
-    heap_flush();
-
-    /* Last segment? */
-    last_chunk_len = gdata->heap_write_count - segment_size;
-    HPROF_ASSERT(last_chunk_len>=0);
-
-    /* Re-open in proper way, binary vs. ascii is important */
-    if (gdata->output_format == 'b') {
-        int   tag;
-
-        if ( gdata->segmented == JNI_TRUE ) { /* 1.0.2 */
-            tag = HPROF_HEAP_DUMP_SEGMENT; /* 1.0.2 */
-        } else {
-            tag = HPROF_HEAP_DUMP; /* Just one segment */
-            HPROF_ASSERT(last_chunk_len==0);
-        }
-
-        /* Write header for binary heap dump (don't know size until now) */
-        write_header(tag, (jint)segment_size);
-
-        fd = md_open_binary(gdata->heapfilename);
-    } else {
-        fd = md_open(gdata->heapfilename);
-    }
-
-    /* Move file bytes into hprof dump file */
-    write_raw_from_file(fd, segment_size, &write_raw);
-
-    /* Clear the byte count and reset the heap file. */
-    if ( md_seek(gdata->heap_fd, (jlong)0) != (jlong)0 ) {
-        HPROF_ERROR(JNI_TRUE, "Cannot seek to beginning of heap info file");
-    }
-    gdata->heap_write_count = (jlong)0;
-    gdata->heap_last_tag_position = (jlong)0;
-
-    /* Move trailing bytes from heap dump file to beginning of file */
-    if ( last_chunk_len > 0 ) {
-        write_raw_from_file(fd, last_chunk_len, &heap_raw);
-    }
-
-    /* Close the temp file handle */
-    md_close(fd);
-}
-
-void
-io_heap_footer(void)
-{
-    HPROF_ASSERT(gdata->heap_fd >= 0);
-
-    /* Flush all bytes to the heap dump file */
-    heap_flush();
-
-    /* Send out the last (or maybe only) segment */
-    dump_heap_segment_and_reset(gdata->heap_write_count);
-
-    /* Write out the last tag */
-    if (gdata->output_format != 'b') {
-        write_printf("HEAP DUMP END\n");
-    } else {
-        if ( gdata->segmented == JNI_TRUE ) { /* 1.0.2 */
-            write_header(HPROF_HEAP_DUMP_END, 0);
-        }
-    }
-}