jdk/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libjsound/PLATFORM_API_MacOSX_PCM.cpp
changeset 25859 3317bb8137f4
parent 12047 320a714614e9
child 29258 adf046d51c1c
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/java.desktop/macosx/native/libjsound/PLATFORM_API_MacOSX_PCM.cpp	Sun Aug 17 15:54:13 2014 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,1042 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+//#define USE_ERROR
+//#define USE_TRACE
+//#define USE_VERBOSE_TRACE
+
+#include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
+#include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
+#include <AudioToolbox/AudioConverter.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <math.h>
+/*
+#if !defined(__COREAUDIO_USE_FLAT_INCLUDES__)
+#include <CoreAudio/CoreAudioTypes.h>
+#else
+#include <CoreAudioTypes.h>
+#endif
+*/
+
+#include "PLATFORM_API_MacOSX_Utils.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+#include "Utilities.h"
+#include "DirectAudio.h"
+}
+
+#if USE_DAUDIO == TRUE
+
+
+#ifdef USE_TRACE
+static void PrintStreamDesc(const AudioStreamBasicDescription *inDesc) {
+    TRACE4("ID='%c%c%c%c'", (char)(inDesc->mFormatID >> 24), (char)(inDesc->mFormatID >> 16), (char)(inDesc->mFormatID >> 8), (char)(inDesc->mFormatID));
+    TRACE2(", %f Hz, flags=0x%lX", (float)inDesc->mSampleRate, (long unsigned)inDesc->mFormatFlags);
+    TRACE2(", %ld channels, %ld bits", (long)inDesc->mChannelsPerFrame, (long)inDesc->mBitsPerChannel);
+    TRACE1(", %ld bytes per frame\n", (long)inDesc->mBytesPerFrame);
+}
+#else
+static inline void PrintStreamDesc(const AudioStreamBasicDescription *inDesc) { }
+#endif
+
+
+#define MAX(x, y)   ((x) >= (y) ? (x) : (y))
+#define MIN(x, y)   ((x) <= (y) ? (x) : (y))
+
+
+// =======================================
+// MixerProvider functions implementation
+
+static DeviceList deviceCache;
+
+INT32 DAUDIO_GetDirectAudioDeviceCount() {
+    deviceCache.Refresh();
+    int count = deviceCache.GetCount();
+    if (count > 0) {
+        // add "default" device
+        count++;
+        TRACE1("DAUDIO_GetDirectAudioDeviceCount: returns %d devices\n", count);
+    } else {
+        TRACE0("DAUDIO_GetDirectAudioDeviceCount: no devices found\n");
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+INT32 DAUDIO_GetDirectAudioDeviceDescription(INT32 mixerIndex, DirectAudioDeviceDescription *desc) {
+    bool result = true;
+    desc->deviceID = 0;
+    if (mixerIndex == 0) {
+        // default device
+        strncpy(desc->name, "Default Audio Device", DAUDIO_STRING_LENGTH);
+        strncpy(desc->description, "Default Audio Device", DAUDIO_STRING_LENGTH);
+        desc->maxSimulLines = -1;
+    } else {
+        AudioDeviceID deviceID;
+        result = deviceCache.GetDeviceInfo(mixerIndex-1, &deviceID, DAUDIO_STRING_LENGTH,
+            desc->name, desc->vendor, desc->description, desc->version);
+        if (result) {
+            desc->deviceID = (INT32)deviceID;
+            desc->maxSimulLines = -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return result ? TRUE : FALSE;
+}
+
+
+void DAUDIO_GetFormats(INT32 mixerIndex, INT32 deviceID, int isSource, void* creator) {
+    TRACE3(">>DAUDIO_GetFormats mixerIndex=%d deviceID=0x%x isSource=%d\n", (int)mixerIndex, (int)deviceID, isSource);
+
+    AudioDeviceID audioDeviceID = deviceID == 0 ? GetDefaultDevice(isSource) : (AudioDeviceID)deviceID;
+
+    if (audioDeviceID == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int totalChannels = GetChannelCount(audioDeviceID, isSource);
+
+    if (totalChannels == 0) {
+        TRACE0("<<DAUDIO_GetFormats, no streams!\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (isSource && totalChannels < 2) {
+        // report 2 channels even if only mono is supported
+        totalChannels = 2;
+    }
+
+    int channels[] = {1, 2, totalChannels};
+    int channelsCount = MIN(totalChannels, 3);
+
+    float hardwareSampleRate = GetSampleRate(audioDeviceID, isSource);
+    TRACE2("  DAUDIO_GetFormats: got %d channels, sampleRate == %f\n", totalChannels, hardwareSampleRate);
+
+    // any sample rates are supported
+    float sampleRate = -1;
+
+    static int sampleBits[] = {8, 16, 24};
+    static int sampleBitsCount = sizeof(sampleBits)/sizeof(sampleBits[0]);
+
+    // the last audio format is the default one (used by DataLine.open() if format is not specified)
+    // consider as default 16bit PCM stereo (mono is stereo is not supported) with the current sample rate
+    int defBits = 16;
+    int defChannels = MIN(2, channelsCount);
+    float defSampleRate = hardwareSampleRate;
+    // don't add default format is sample rate is not specified
+    bool addDefault = defSampleRate > 0;
+
+    // TODO: CoreAudio can handle signed/unsigned, little-endian/big-endian
+    // TODO: register the formats (to prevent DirectAudio software conversion) - need to fix DirectAudioDevice.createDataLineInfo
+    // to avoid software conversions if both signed/unsigned or big-/little-endian are supported
+    for (int channelIndex = 0; channelIndex < channelsCount; channelIndex++) {
+        for (int bitIndex = 0; bitIndex < sampleBitsCount; bitIndex++) {
+            int bits = sampleBits[bitIndex];
+            if (addDefault && bits == defBits && channels[channelIndex] != defChannels && sampleRate == defSampleRate) {
+                // the format is the default one, don't add it now
+                continue;
+            }
+            DAUDIO_AddAudioFormat(creator,
+                bits,                       // sample size in bits
+                -1,                         // frame size (auto)
+                channels[channelIndex],     // channels
+                sampleRate,                 // sample rate
+                DAUDIO_PCM,                 // only accept PCM
+                bits == 8 ? FALSE : TRUE,   // signed
+                bits == 8 ? FALSE           // little-endian for 8bit
+                    : UTIL_IsBigEndianPlatform());
+        }
+    }
+    // add default format
+    if (addDefault) {
+        DAUDIO_AddAudioFormat(creator,
+            defBits,                        // 16 bits
+            -1,                             // automatically calculate frame size
+            defChannels,                    // channels
+            defSampleRate,                  // sample rate
+            DAUDIO_PCM,                     // PCM
+            TRUE,                           // signed
+            UTIL_IsBigEndianPlatform());    // native endianess
+    }
+
+    TRACE0("<<DAUDIO_GetFormats\n");
+}
+
+
+// =======================================
+// Source/Target DataLine functions implementation
+
+// ====
+/* 1writer-1reader ring buffer class with flush() support */
+class RingBuffer {
+public:
+    RingBuffer() : pBuffer(NULL), nBufferSize(0) {
+        pthread_mutex_init(&lockMutex, NULL);
+    }
+    ~RingBuffer() {
+        Deallocate();
+        pthread_mutex_destroy(&lockMutex);
+    }
+
+    // extraBytes: number of additionally allocated bytes to prevent data
+    // overlapping when almost whole buffer is filled
+    // (required only if Write() can override the buffer)
+    bool Allocate(int requestedBufferSize, int extraBytes) {
+        int fullBufferSize = requestedBufferSize + extraBytes;
+        int powerOfTwo = 1;
+        while (powerOfTwo < fullBufferSize) {
+            powerOfTwo <<= 1;
+        }
+        pBuffer = (Byte*)malloc(powerOfTwo);
+        if (pBuffer == NULL) {
+            ERROR0("RingBuffer::Allocate: OUT OF MEMORY\n");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        nBufferSize = requestedBufferSize;
+        nAllocatedBytes = powerOfTwo;
+        nPosMask = powerOfTwo - 1;
+        nWritePos = 0;
+        nReadPos = 0;
+        nFlushPos = -1;
+
+        TRACE2("RingBuffer::Allocate: OK, bufferSize=%d, allocated:%d\n", nBufferSize, nAllocatedBytes);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void Deallocate() {
+        if (pBuffer) {
+            free(pBuffer);
+            pBuffer = NULL;
+            nBufferSize = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    inline int GetBufferSize() {
+        return nBufferSize;
+    }
+
+    inline int GetAllocatedSize() {
+        return nAllocatedBytes;
+    }
+
+    // gets number of bytes available for reading
+    int GetValidByteCount() {
+        lock();
+        INT64 result = nWritePos - (nFlushPos >= 0 ? nFlushPos : nReadPos);
+        unlock();
+        return result > (INT64)nBufferSize ? nBufferSize : (int)result;
+    }
+
+    int Write(void *srcBuffer, int len, bool preventOverflow) {
+        lock();
+        TRACE2("RingBuffer::Write (%d bytes, preventOverflow=%d)\n", len, preventOverflow ? 1 : 0);
+        TRACE2("  writePos = %lld (%d)", (long long)nWritePos, Pos2Offset(nWritePos));
+        TRACE2("  readPos=%lld (%d)", (long long)nReadPos, Pos2Offset(nReadPos));
+        TRACE2("  flushPos=%lld (%d)\n", (long long)nFlushPos, Pos2Offset(nFlushPos));
+
+        INT64 writePos = nWritePos;
+        if (preventOverflow) {
+            INT64 avail_read = writePos - (nFlushPos >= 0 ? nFlushPos : nReadPos);
+            if (avail_read >= (INT64)nBufferSize) {
+                // no space
+                TRACE0("  preventOverlow: OVERFLOW => len = 0;\n");
+                len = 0;
+            } else {
+                int avail_write = nBufferSize - (int)avail_read;
+                if (len > avail_write) {
+                    TRACE2("  preventOverlow: desrease len: %d => %d\n", len, avail_write);
+                    len = avail_write;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        unlock();
+
+        if (len > 0) {
+
+            write((Byte *)srcBuffer, Pos2Offset(writePos), len);
+
+            lock();
+            TRACE4("--RingBuffer::Write writePos: %lld (%d) => %lld, (%d)\n",
+                (long long)nWritePos, Pos2Offset(nWritePos), (long long)nWritePos + len, Pos2Offset(nWritePos + len));
+            nWritePos += len;
+            unlock();
+        }
+        return len;
+    }
+
+    int Read(void *dstBuffer, int len) {
+        lock();
+        TRACE1("RingBuffer::Read (%d bytes)\n", len);
+        TRACE2("  writePos = %lld (%d)", (long long)nWritePos, Pos2Offset(nWritePos));
+        TRACE2("  readPos=%lld (%d)", (long long)nReadPos, Pos2Offset(nReadPos));
+        TRACE2("  flushPos=%lld (%d)\n", (long long)nFlushPos, Pos2Offset(nFlushPos));
+
+        applyFlush();
+        INT64 avail_read = nWritePos - nReadPos;
+        // check for overflow
+        if (avail_read > (INT64)nBufferSize) {
+            nReadPos = nWritePos - nBufferSize;
+            avail_read = nBufferSize;
+            TRACE0("  OVERFLOW\n");
+        }
+        INT64 readPos = nReadPos;
+        unlock();
+
+        if (len > (int)avail_read) {
+            TRACE2("  RingBuffer::Read - don't have enough data, len: %d => %d\n", len, (int)avail_read);
+            len = (int)avail_read;
+        }
+
+        if (len > 0) {
+
+            read((Byte *)dstBuffer, Pos2Offset(readPos), len);
+
+            lock();
+            if (applyFlush()) {
+                // just got flush(), results became obsolete
+                TRACE0("--RingBuffer::Read, got Flush, return 0\n");
+                len = 0;
+            } else {
+                TRACE4("--RingBuffer::Read readPos: %lld (%d) => %lld (%d)\n",
+                    (long long)nReadPos, Pos2Offset(nReadPos), (long long)nReadPos + len, Pos2Offset(nReadPos + len));
+                nReadPos += len;
+            }
+            unlock();
+        } else {
+            // underrun!
+        }
+        return len;
+    }
+
+    // returns number of the flushed bytes
+    int Flush() {
+        lock();
+        INT64 flushedBytes = nWritePos - (nFlushPos >= 0 ? nFlushPos : nReadPos);
+        nFlushPos = nWritePos;
+        unlock();
+        return flushedBytes > (INT64)nBufferSize ? nBufferSize : (int)flushedBytes;
+    }
+
+private:
+    Byte *pBuffer;
+    int nBufferSize;
+    int nAllocatedBytes;
+    INT64 nPosMask;
+
+    pthread_mutex_t lockMutex;
+
+    volatile INT64 nWritePos;
+    volatile INT64 nReadPos;
+    // Flush() sets nFlushPos value to nWritePos;
+    // next Read() sets nReadPos to nFlushPos and resests nFlushPos to -1
+    volatile INT64 nFlushPos;
+
+    inline void lock() {
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&lockMutex);
+    }
+    inline void unlock() {
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockMutex);
+    }
+
+    inline bool applyFlush() {
+        if (nFlushPos >= 0) {
+            nReadPos = nFlushPos;
+            nFlushPos = -1;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    inline int Pos2Offset(INT64 pos) {
+        return (int)(pos & nPosMask);
+    }
+
+    void write(Byte *srcBuffer, int dstOffset, int len) {
+        int dstEndOffset = dstOffset + len;
+
+        int lenAfterWrap = dstEndOffset - nAllocatedBytes;
+        if (lenAfterWrap > 0) {
+            // dest.buffer does wrap
+            len = nAllocatedBytes - dstOffset;
+            memcpy(pBuffer+dstOffset, srcBuffer, len);
+            memcpy(pBuffer, srcBuffer+len, lenAfterWrap);
+        } else {
+            // dest.buffer does not wrap
+            memcpy(pBuffer+dstOffset, srcBuffer, len);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void read(Byte *dstBuffer, int srcOffset, int len) {
+        int srcEndOffset = srcOffset + len;
+
+        int lenAfterWrap = srcEndOffset - nAllocatedBytes;
+        if (lenAfterWrap > 0) {
+            // need to unwrap data
+            len = nAllocatedBytes - srcOffset;
+            memcpy(dstBuffer, pBuffer+srcOffset, len);
+            memcpy(dstBuffer+len, pBuffer, lenAfterWrap);
+        } else {
+            // source buffer is not wrapped
+            memcpy(dstBuffer, pBuffer+srcOffset, len);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+
+class Resampler {
+private:
+    enum {
+        kResamplerEndOfInputData = 1 // error to interrupt conversion (end of input data)
+    };
+public:
+    Resampler() : converter(NULL), outBuffer(NULL) { }
+    ~Resampler() {
+        if (converter != NULL) {
+            AudioConverterDispose(converter);
+        }
+        if (outBuffer != NULL) {
+            free(outBuffer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // inFormat & outFormat must be interleaved!
+    bool Init(const AudioStreamBasicDescription *inFormat, const AudioStreamBasicDescription *outFormat,
+            int inputBufferSizeInBytes)
+    {
+        TRACE0(">>Resampler::Init\n");
+        TRACE0("  inFormat: ");
+        PrintStreamDesc(inFormat);
+        TRACE0("  outFormat: ");
+        PrintStreamDesc(outFormat);
+        TRACE1("  inputBufferSize: %d bytes\n", inputBufferSizeInBytes);
+        OSStatus err;
+
+        if ((outFormat->mFormatFlags & kAudioFormatFlagIsNonInterleaved) != 0 && outFormat->mChannelsPerFrame != 1) {
+            ERROR0("Resampler::Init ERROR: outFormat is non-interleaved\n");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if ((inFormat->mFormatFlags & kAudioFormatFlagIsNonInterleaved) != 0 && inFormat->mChannelsPerFrame != 1) {
+            ERROR0("Resampler::Init ERROR: inFormat is non-interleaved\n");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        memcpy(&asbdIn, inFormat, sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
+        memcpy(&asbdOut, outFormat, sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
+
+        err = AudioConverterNew(inFormat, outFormat, &converter);
+
+        if (err || converter == NULL) {
+            OS_ERROR1(err, "Resampler::Init (AudioConverterNew), converter=%p", converter);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // allocate buffer for output data
+        int maximumInFrames = inputBufferSizeInBytes / inFormat->mBytesPerFrame;
+        // take into account trailingFrames
+        AudioConverterPrimeInfo primeInfo = {0, 0};
+        UInt32 sizePrime = sizeof(primeInfo);
+        err = AudioConverterGetProperty(converter, kAudioConverterPrimeInfo, &sizePrime, &primeInfo);
+        if (err) {
+            OS_ERROR0(err, "Resampler::Init (get kAudioConverterPrimeInfo)");
+            // ignore the error
+        } else {
+            // the default primeMethod is kConverterPrimeMethod_Normal, so we need only trailingFrames
+            maximumInFrames += primeInfo.trailingFrames;
+        }
+        float outBufferSizeInFrames = (outFormat->mSampleRate / inFormat->mSampleRate) * ((float)maximumInFrames);
+        // to avoid complex calculation just set outBufferSize as double of the calculated value
+        outBufferSize = (int)outBufferSizeInFrames * outFormat->mBytesPerFrame * 2;
+        // safety check - consider 256 frame as the minimum input buffer
+        int minOutSize = 256 * outFormat->mBytesPerFrame;
+        if (outBufferSize < minOutSize) {
+            outBufferSize = minOutSize;
+        }
+
+        outBuffer = malloc(outBufferSize);
+
+        if (outBuffer == NULL) {
+            ERROR1("Resampler::Init ERROR: malloc failed (%d bytes)\n", outBufferSize);
+            AudioConverterDispose(converter);
+            converter = NULL;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        TRACE1("  allocated: %d bytes for output buffer\n", outBufferSize);
+
+        TRACE0("<<Resampler::Init: OK\n");
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // returns size of the internal output buffer
+    int GetOutBufferSize() {
+        return outBufferSize;
+    }
+
+    // process next part of data (writes resampled data to the ringBuffer without overflow check)
+    int Process(void *srcBuffer, int len, RingBuffer *ringBuffer) {
+        int bytesWritten = 0;
+        TRACE2(">>Resampler::Process: %d bytes, converter = %p\n", len, converter);
+        if (converter == NULL) {    // sanity check
+            bytesWritten = ringBuffer->Write(srcBuffer, len, false);
+        } else {
+            InputProcData data;
+            data.pThis = this;
+            data.data = (Byte *)srcBuffer;
+            data.dataSize = len;
+
+            OSStatus err;
+            do {
+                AudioBufferList abl;    // by default it contains 1 AudioBuffer
+                abl.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+                abl.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = asbdOut.mChannelsPerFrame;
+                abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize   = outBufferSize;
+                abl.mBuffers[0].mData           = outBuffer;
+
+                UInt32 packets = (UInt32)outBufferSize / asbdOut.mBytesPerPacket;
+
+                TRACE2(">>AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer: request %d packets, provide %d bytes buffer\n",
+                    (int)packets, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize);
+
+                err = AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer(converter, ConverterInputProc, &data, &packets, &abl, NULL);
+
+                TRACE2("<<AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer: got %d packets (%d bytes)\n",
+                    (int)packets, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize);
+                if (packets > 0) {
+                    int bytesToWrite = (int)(packets * asbdOut.mBytesPerPacket);
+                    bytesWritten += ringBuffer->Write(abl.mBuffers[0].mData, bytesToWrite, false);
+                }
+
+                // if outputBuffer is small to store all available frames,
+                // we get noErr here. In the case just continue the conversion
+            } while (err == noErr);
+
+            if (err != kResamplerEndOfInputData) {
+                // unexpected error
+                OS_ERROR0(err, "Resampler::Process (AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer)");
+            }
+        }
+        TRACE2("<<Resampler::Process: written %d bytes (converted from %d bytes)\n", bytesWritten, len);
+
+        return bytesWritten;
+    }
+
+    // resets internal bufferes
+    void Discontinue() {
+        TRACE0(">>Resampler::Discontinue\n");
+        if (converter != NULL) {
+            AudioConverterReset(converter);
+        }
+        TRACE0("<<Resampler::Discontinue\n");
+    }
+
+private:
+    AudioConverterRef converter;
+
+    // buffer for output data
+    // note that there is no problem if the buffer is not big enough to store
+    // all converted data - it's only performance issue
+    void *outBuffer;
+    int outBufferSize;
+
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription asbdIn;
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription asbdOut;
+
+    struct InputProcData {
+        Resampler *pThis;
+        Byte *data;     // data == NULL means we handle Discontinue(false)
+        int dataSize;   // == 0 if all data was already provided to the converted of we handle Discontinue(false)
+    };
+
+    static OSStatus ConverterInputProc(AudioConverterRef inAudioConverter, UInt32 *ioNumberDataPackets,
+            AudioBufferList *ioData, AudioStreamPacketDescription **outDataPacketDescription, void *inUserData)
+    {
+        InputProcData *data = (InputProcData *)inUserData;
+
+        TRACE3("  >>ConverterInputProc: requested %d packets, data contains %d bytes (%d packets)\n",
+            (int)*ioNumberDataPackets, (int)data->dataSize, (int)(data->dataSize / data->pThis->asbdIn.mBytesPerPacket));
+        if (data->dataSize == 0) {
+            // already called & provided all input data
+            // interrupt conversion by returning error
+            *ioNumberDataPackets = 0;
+            TRACE0("  <<ConverterInputProc: returns kResamplerEndOfInputData\n");
+            return kResamplerEndOfInputData;
+        }
+
+        ioData->mNumberBuffers = 1;
+        ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = data->pThis->asbdIn.mChannelsPerFrame;
+        ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize   = data->dataSize;
+        ioData->mBuffers[0].mData           = data->data;
+
+        *ioNumberDataPackets = data->dataSize / data->pThis->asbdIn.mBytesPerPacket;
+
+        // all data has been provided to the converter
+        data->dataSize = 0;
+
+        TRACE1("  <<ConverterInputProc: returns %d packets\n", (int)(*ioNumberDataPackets));
+        return noErr;
+    }
+
+};
+
+
+struct OSX_DirectAudioDevice {
+    AudioUnit   audioUnit;
+    RingBuffer  ringBuffer;
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription asbd;
+
+    // only for target lines
+    UInt32      inputBufferSizeInBytes;
+    Resampler   *resampler;
+    // to detect discontinuity (to reset resampler)
+    SInt64      lastWrittenSampleTime;
+
+
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice() : audioUnit(NULL), asbd(), resampler(NULL), lastWrittenSampleTime(0) {
+    }
+
+    ~OSX_DirectAudioDevice() {
+        if (audioUnit) {
+            CloseComponent(audioUnit);
+        }
+        if (resampler) {
+            delete resampler;
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+static AudioUnit CreateOutputUnit(AudioDeviceID deviceID, int isSource)
+{
+    OSStatus err;
+    AudioUnit unit;
+    UInt32 size;
+
+    ComponentDescription desc;
+    desc.componentType         = kAudioUnitType_Output;
+    desc.componentSubType      = (deviceID == 0 && isSource) ? kAudioUnitSubType_DefaultOutput : kAudioUnitSubType_HALOutput;
+    desc.componentManufacturer = kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple;
+    desc.componentFlags        = 0;
+    desc.componentFlagsMask    = 0;
+
+    Component comp = FindNextComponent(NULL, &desc);
+    err = OpenAComponent(comp, &unit);
+
+    if (err) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "CreateOutputUnit:OpenAComponent");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (!isSource) {
+        int enableIO = 0;
+        err = AudioUnitSetProperty(unit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                    0, &enableIO, sizeof(enableIO));
+        if (err) {
+            OS_ERROR0(err, "SetProperty (output EnableIO)");
+        }
+        enableIO = 1;
+        err = AudioUnitSetProperty(unit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Input,
+                                    1, &enableIO, sizeof(enableIO));
+        if (err) {
+            OS_ERROR0(err, "SetProperty (input EnableIO)");
+        }
+
+        if (!deviceID) {
+            // get real AudioDeviceID for default input device (macosx current input device)
+            deviceID = GetDefaultDevice(isSource);
+            if (!deviceID) {
+                CloseComponent(unit);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (deviceID) {
+        err = AudioUnitSetProperty(unit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice, kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                    0, &deviceID, sizeof(deviceID));
+        if (err) {
+            OS_ERROR0(err, "SetProperty (CurrentDevice)");
+            CloseComponent(unit);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return unit;
+}
+
+static OSStatus OutputCallback(void                         *inRefCon,
+                               AudioUnitRenderActionFlags   *ioActionFlags,
+                               const AudioTimeStamp         *inTimeStamp,
+                               UInt32                       inBusNumber,
+                               UInt32                       inNumberFrames,
+                               AudioBufferList              *ioData)
+{
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)inRefCon;
+
+    int nchannels = ioData->mNumberBuffers; // should be always == 1 (interleaved channels)
+    AudioBuffer *audioBuffer = ioData->mBuffers;
+
+    TRACE3(">>OutputCallback: busNum=%d, requested %d frames (%d bytes)\n",
+        (int)inBusNumber, (int)inNumberFrames, (int)(inNumberFrames * device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame));
+    TRACE3("  abl: %d buffers, buffer[0].channels=%d, buffer.size=%d\n",
+        nchannels, (int)audioBuffer->mNumberChannels, (int)audioBuffer->mDataByteSize);
+
+    int bytesToRead = inNumberFrames * device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame;
+    if (bytesToRead > (int)audioBuffer->mDataByteSize) {
+        TRACE0("--OutputCallback: !!! audioBuffer IS TOO SMALL!!!\n");
+        bytesToRead = audioBuffer->mDataByteSize / device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame * device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame;
+    }
+    int bytesRead = device->ringBuffer.Read(audioBuffer->mData, bytesToRead);
+    if (bytesRead < bytesToRead) {
+        // no enough data (underrun)
+        TRACE2("--OutputCallback: !!! UNDERRUN (read %d bytes of %d)!!!\n", bytesRead, bytesToRead);
+        // silence the rest
+        memset((Byte*)audioBuffer->mData + bytesRead, 0, bytesToRead-bytesRead);
+        bytesRead = bytesToRead;
+    }
+
+    audioBuffer->mDataByteSize = (UInt32)bytesRead;
+    // SAFETY: set mDataByteSize for all other AudioBuffer in the AudioBufferList to zero
+    while (--nchannels > 0) {
+        audioBuffer++;
+        audioBuffer->mDataByteSize = 0;
+    }
+    TRACE1("<<OutputCallback (returns %d)\n", bytesRead);
+
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+static OSStatus InputCallback(void                          *inRefCon,
+                              AudioUnitRenderActionFlags    *ioActionFlags,
+                              const AudioTimeStamp          *inTimeStamp,
+                              UInt32                        inBusNumber,
+                              UInt32                        inNumberFrames,
+                              AudioBufferList               *ioData)
+{
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)inRefCon;
+
+    TRACE4(">>InputCallback: busNum=%d, timeStamp=%lld, %d frames (%d bytes)\n",
+        (int)inBusNumber, (long long)inTimeStamp->mSampleTime, (int)inNumberFrames, (int)(inNumberFrames * device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame));
+
+    AudioBufferList abl;    // by default it contains 1 AudioBuffer
+    abl.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+    abl.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = device->asbd.mChannelsPerFrame;
+    abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize   = device->inputBufferSizeInBytes;   // assume this is == (inNumberFrames * device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame)
+    abl.mBuffers[0].mData           = NULL;     // request for the audioUnit's buffer
+
+    OSStatus err = AudioUnitRender(device->audioUnit, ioActionFlags, inTimeStamp, inBusNumber, inNumberFrames, &abl);
+    if (err) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "<<InputCallback: AudioUnitRender");
+    } else {
+        if (device->resampler != NULL) {
+            // test for discontinuity
+            // AUHAL starts timestamps at zero, so test if the current timestamp less then the last written
+            SInt64 sampleTime = inTimeStamp->mSampleTime;
+            if (sampleTime < device->lastWrittenSampleTime) {
+                // discontinuity, reset the resampler
+                TRACE2("  InputCallback (RESAMPLED), DISCONTINUITY (%f -> %f)\n",
+                    (float)device->lastWrittenSampleTime, (float)sampleTime);
+
+                device->resampler->Discontinue();
+            } else {
+                TRACE2("  InputCallback (RESAMPLED), continuous: lastWrittenSampleTime = %f, sampleTime=%f\n",
+                    (float)device->lastWrittenSampleTime, (float)sampleTime);
+            }
+            device->lastWrittenSampleTime = sampleTime + inNumberFrames;
+
+            int bytesWritten = device->resampler->Process(abl.mBuffers[0].mData, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize, &device->ringBuffer);
+            TRACE2("<<InputCallback (RESAMPLED, saved %d bytes of %d)\n", bytesWritten, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize);
+        } else {
+            int bytesWritten = device->ringBuffer.Write(abl.mBuffers[0].mData, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize, false);
+            TRACE2("<<InputCallback (saved %d bytes of %d)\n", bytesWritten, (int)abl.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+
+static void FillASBDForNonInterleavedPCM(AudioStreamBasicDescription& asbd,
+    float sampleRate, int channels, int sampleSizeInBits, bool isFloat, int isSigned, bool isBigEndian)
+{
+    // FillOutASBDForLPCM cannot produce unsigned integer format
+    asbd.mSampleRate = sampleRate;
+    asbd.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
+    asbd.mFormatFlags = (isFloat ? kAudioFormatFlagIsFloat : (isSigned ? kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger : 0))
+        | (isBigEndian ? (kAudioFormatFlagIsBigEndian) : 0)
+        | kAudioFormatFlagIsPacked;
+    asbd.mBytesPerPacket = channels * ((sampleSizeInBits + 7) / 8);
+    asbd.mFramesPerPacket = 1;
+    asbd.mBytesPerFrame = asbd.mBytesPerPacket;
+    asbd.mChannelsPerFrame = channels;
+    asbd.mBitsPerChannel = sampleSizeInBits;
+}
+
+void* DAUDIO_Open(INT32 mixerIndex, INT32 deviceID, int isSource,
+                  int encoding, float sampleRate, int sampleSizeInBits,
+                  int frameSize, int channels,
+                  int isSigned, int isBigEndian, int bufferSizeInBytes)
+{
+    TRACE3(">>DAUDIO_Open: mixerIndex=%d deviceID=0x%x isSource=%d\n", (int)mixerIndex, (unsigned int)deviceID, isSource);
+    TRACE3("  sampleRate=%d sampleSizeInBits=%d channels=%d\n", (int)sampleRate, sampleSizeInBits, channels);
+#ifdef USE_TRACE
+    {
+        AudioDeviceID audioDeviceID = deviceID;
+        if (audioDeviceID == 0) {
+            // default device
+            audioDeviceID = GetDefaultDevice(isSource);
+        }
+        char name[256];
+        OSStatus err = GetAudioObjectProperty(audioDeviceID, kAudioUnitScope_Global, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceName, 256, &name, 0);
+        if (err != noErr) {
+            OS_ERROR1(err, "  audioDeviceID=0x%x, name is N/A:", (int)audioDeviceID);
+        } else {
+            TRACE2("  audioDeviceID=0x%x, name=%s\n", (int)audioDeviceID, name);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (encoding != DAUDIO_PCM) {
+        ERROR1("<<DAUDIO_Open: ERROR: unsupported encoding (%d)\n", encoding);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = new OSX_DirectAudioDevice();
+
+    AudioUnitScope scope = isSource ? kAudioUnitScope_Input : kAudioUnitScope_Output;
+    int element = isSource ? 0 : 1;
+    OSStatus err = noErr;
+    int extraBufferBytes = 0;
+
+    device->audioUnit = CreateOutputUnit(deviceID, isSource);
+
+    if (!device->audioUnit) {
+        delete device;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (!isSource) {
+        AudioDeviceID actualDeviceID = deviceID != 0 ? deviceID : GetDefaultDevice(isSource);
+        float hardwareSampleRate = GetSampleRate(actualDeviceID, isSource);
+        TRACE2("--DAUDIO_Open: sampleRate = %f, hardwareSampleRate=%f\n", sampleRate, hardwareSampleRate);
+
+        if (fabs(sampleRate - hardwareSampleRate) > 1) {
+            device->resampler = new Resampler();
+
+            // request HAL for Float32 with native endianess
+            FillASBDForNonInterleavedPCM(device->asbd, hardwareSampleRate, channels, 32, true, false, kAudioFormatFlagsNativeEndian != 0);
+        } else {
+            sampleRate = hardwareSampleRate;    // in case sample rates are not exactly equal
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (device->resampler == NULL) {
+        // no resampling, request HAL for the requested format
+        FillASBDForNonInterleavedPCM(device->asbd, sampleRate, channels, sampleSizeInBits, false, isSigned, isBigEndian);
+    }
+
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(device->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, scope, element, &device->asbd, sizeof(device->asbd));
+    if (err) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "<<DAUDIO_Open set StreamFormat");
+        delete device;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    AURenderCallbackStruct output;
+    output.inputProc       = isSource ? OutputCallback : InputCallback;
+    output.inputProcRefCon = device;
+
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(device->audioUnit,
+                                isSource
+                                    ? (AudioUnitPropertyID)kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback
+                                    : (AudioUnitPropertyID)kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback,
+                                kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0, &output, sizeof(output));
+    if (err) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "<<DAUDIO_Open set RenderCallback");
+        delete device;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    err = AudioUnitInitialize(device->audioUnit);
+    if (err) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "<<DAUDIO_Open UnitInitialize");
+        delete device;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (!isSource) {
+        // for target lines we need extra bytes in the ringBuffer
+        // to prevent collisions when InputCallback overrides data on overflow
+        UInt32 size;
+        OSStatus err;
+
+        size = sizeof(device->inputBufferSizeInBytes);
+        err  = AudioUnitGetProperty(device->audioUnit, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize, kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                    0, &device->inputBufferSizeInBytes, &size);
+        if (err) {
+            OS_ERROR0(err, "<<DAUDIO_Open (TargetDataLine)GetBufferSize\n");
+            delete device;
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        device->inputBufferSizeInBytes *= device->asbd.mBytesPerFrame;  // convert frames to bytes
+        extraBufferBytes = (int)device->inputBufferSizeInBytes;
+    }
+
+    if (device->resampler != NULL) {
+        // resampler output format is a user requested format (== ringBuffer format)
+        AudioStreamBasicDescription asbdOut; // ringBuffer format
+        FillASBDForNonInterleavedPCM(asbdOut, sampleRate, channels, sampleSizeInBits, false, isSigned, isBigEndian);
+
+        // set resampler input buffer size to the HAL buffer size
+        if (!device->resampler->Init(&device->asbd, &asbdOut, (int)device->inputBufferSizeInBytes)) {
+            ERROR0("<<DAUDIO_Open: resampler.Init() FAILED.\n");
+            delete device;
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        // extra bytes in the ringBuffer (extraBufferBytes) should be equal resampler output buffer size
+        extraBufferBytes = device->resampler->GetOutBufferSize();
+    }
+
+    if (!device->ringBuffer.Allocate(bufferSizeInBytes, extraBufferBytes)) {
+        ERROR0("<<DAUDIO_Open: Ring buffer allocation error\n");
+        delete device;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    TRACE0("<<DAUDIO_Open: OK\n");
+    return device;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_Start(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE0("DAUDIO_Start\n");
+
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStart(device->audioUnit);
+
+    if (err != noErr) {
+        OS_ERROR0(err, "DAUDIO_Start");
+    }
+
+    return err == noErr ? TRUE : FALSE;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_Stop(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE0("DAUDIO_Stop\n");
+
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStop(device->audioUnit);
+
+    return err == noErr ? TRUE : FALSE;
+}
+
+void DAUDIO_Close(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE0("DAUDIO_Close\n");
+
+    delete device;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_Write(void* id, char* data, int byteSize) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE1(">>DAUDIO_Write: %d bytes to write\n", byteSize);
+
+    int result = device->ringBuffer.Write(data, byteSize, true);
+
+    TRACE1("<<DAUDIO_Write: %d bytes written\n", result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_Read(void* id, char* data, int byteSize) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE1(">>DAUDIO_Read: %d bytes to read\n", byteSize);
+
+    int result = device->ringBuffer.Read(data, byteSize);
+
+    TRACE1("<<DAUDIO_Read: %d bytes has been read\n", result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_GetBufferSize(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+
+    int bufferSizeInBytes = device->ringBuffer.GetBufferSize();
+
+    TRACE1("DAUDIO_GetBufferSize returns %d\n", bufferSizeInBytes);
+    return bufferSizeInBytes;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_StillDraining(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+
+    int draining = device->ringBuffer.GetValidByteCount() > 0 ? TRUE : FALSE;
+
+    TRACE1("DAUDIO_StillDraining returns %d\n", draining);
+    return draining;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_Flush(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    TRACE0("DAUDIO_Flush\n");
+
+    device->ringBuffer.Flush();
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_GetAvailable(void* id, int isSource) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+
+    int bytesInBuffer = device->ringBuffer.GetValidByteCount();
+    if (isSource) {
+        return device->ringBuffer.GetBufferSize() - bytesInBuffer;
+    } else {
+        return bytesInBuffer;
+    }
+}
+
+INT64 DAUDIO_GetBytePosition(void* id, int isSource, INT64 javaBytePos) {
+    OSX_DirectAudioDevice *device = (OSX_DirectAudioDevice*)id;
+    INT64 position;
+
+    if (isSource) {
+        position = javaBytePos - device->ringBuffer.GetValidByteCount();
+    } else {
+        position = javaBytePos + device->ringBuffer.GetValidByteCount();
+    }
+
+    TRACE2("DAUDIO_GetBytePosition returns %lld (javaBytePos = %lld)\n", (long long)position, (long long)javaBytePos);
+    return position;
+}
+
+void DAUDIO_SetBytePosition(void* id, int isSource, INT64 javaBytePos) {
+    // no need javaBytePos (it's available in DAUDIO_GetBytePosition)
+}
+
+int DAUDIO_RequiresServicing(void* id, int isSource) {
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+void DAUDIO_Service(void* id, int isSource) {
+    // unreachable
+}
+
+#endif  // USE_DAUDIO == TRUE