jdk/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java
changeset 25859 3317bb8137f4
parent 18790 d25399d849bc
child 27032 b7bdee8519d9
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/jdk/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java	Sun Aug 17 15:54:13 2014 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+/*
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
+ * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
+ * file:
+ *
+ * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
+ * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
+ */
+
+package java.util.concurrent;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;
+
+/**
+ * A cancellable asynchronous computation.  This class provides a base
+ * implementation of {@link Future}, with methods to start and cancel
+ * a computation, query to see if the computation is complete, and
+ * retrieve the result of the computation.  The result can only be
+ * retrieved when the computation has completed; the {@code get}
+ * methods will block if the computation has not yet completed.  Once
+ * the computation has completed, the computation cannot be restarted
+ * or cancelled (unless the computation is invoked using
+ * {@link #runAndReset}).
+ *
+ * <p>A {@code FutureTask} can be used to wrap a {@link Callable} or
+ * {@link Runnable} object.  Because {@code FutureTask} implements
+ * {@code Runnable}, a {@code FutureTask} can be submitted to an
+ * {@link Executor} for execution.
+ *
+ * <p>In addition to serving as a standalone class, this class provides
+ * {@code protected} functionality that may be useful when creating
+ * customized task classes.
+ *
+ * @since 1.5
+ * @author Doug Lea
+ * @param <V> The result type returned by this FutureTask's {@code get} methods
+ */
+public class FutureTask<V> implements RunnableFuture<V> {
+    /*
+     * Revision notes: This differs from previous versions of this
+     * class that relied on AbstractQueuedSynchronizer, mainly to
+     * avoid surprising users about retaining interrupt status during
+     * cancellation races. Sync control in the current design relies
+     * on a "state" field updated via CAS to track completion, along
+     * with a simple Treiber stack to hold waiting threads.
+     *
+     * Style note: As usual, we bypass overhead of using
+     * AtomicXFieldUpdaters and instead directly use Unsafe intrinsics.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * The run state of this task, initially NEW.  The run state
+     * transitions to a terminal state only in methods set,
+     * setException, and cancel.  During completion, state may take on
+     * transient values of COMPLETING (while outcome is being set) or
+     * INTERRUPTING (only while interrupting the runner to satisfy a
+     * cancel(true)). Transitions from these intermediate to final
+     * states use cheaper ordered/lazy writes because values are unique
+     * and cannot be further modified.
+     *
+     * Possible state transitions:
+     * NEW -> COMPLETING -> NORMAL
+     * NEW -> COMPLETING -> EXCEPTIONAL
+     * NEW -> CANCELLED
+     * NEW -> INTERRUPTING -> INTERRUPTED
+     */
+    private volatile int state;
+    private static final int NEW          = 0;
+    private static final int COMPLETING   = 1;
+    private static final int NORMAL       = 2;
+    private static final int EXCEPTIONAL  = 3;
+    private static final int CANCELLED    = 4;
+    private static final int INTERRUPTING = 5;
+    private static final int INTERRUPTED  = 6;
+
+    /** The underlying callable; nulled out after running */
+    private Callable<V> callable;
+    /** The result to return or exception to throw from get() */
+    private Object outcome; // non-volatile, protected by state reads/writes
+    /** The thread running the callable; CASed during run() */
+    private volatile Thread runner;
+    /** Treiber stack of waiting threads */
+    private volatile WaitNode waiters;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns result or throws exception for completed task.
+     *
+     * @param s completed state value
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private V report(int s) throws ExecutionException {
+        Object x = outcome;
+        if (s == NORMAL)
+            return (V)x;
+        if (s >= CANCELLED)
+            throw new CancellationException();
+        throw new ExecutionException((Throwable)x);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@code FutureTask} that will, upon running, execute the
+     * given {@code Callable}.
+     *
+     * @param  callable the callable task
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the callable is null
+     */
+    public FutureTask(Callable<V> callable) {
+        if (callable == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        this.callable = callable;
+        this.state = NEW;       // ensure visibility of callable
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@code FutureTask} that will, upon running, execute the
+     * given {@code Runnable}, and arrange that {@code get} will return the
+     * given result on successful completion.
+     *
+     * @param runnable the runnable task
+     * @param result the result to return on successful completion. If
+     * you don't need a particular result, consider using
+     * constructions of the form:
+     * {@code Future<?> f = new FutureTask<Void>(runnable, null)}
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the runnable is null
+     */
+    public FutureTask(Runnable runnable, V result) {
+        this.callable = Executors.callable(runnable, result);
+        this.state = NEW;       // ensure visibility of callable
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCancelled() {
+        return state >= CANCELLED;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return state != NEW;
+    }
+
+    public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
+        if (!(state == NEW &&
+              UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, NEW,
+                  mayInterruptIfRunning ? INTERRUPTING : CANCELLED)))
+            return false;
+        try {    // in case call to interrupt throws exception
+            if (mayInterruptIfRunning) {
+                try {
+                    Thread t = runner;
+                    if (t != null)
+                        t.interrupt();
+                } finally { // final state
+                    UNSAFE.putOrderedInt(this, stateOffset, INTERRUPTED);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            finishCompletion();
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws CancellationException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        int s = state;
+        if (s <= COMPLETING)
+            s = awaitDone(false, 0L);
+        return report(s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws CancellationException {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        if (unit == null)
+            throw new NullPointerException();
+        int s = state;
+        if (s <= COMPLETING &&
+            (s = awaitDone(true, unit.toNanos(timeout))) <= COMPLETING)
+            throw new TimeoutException();
+        return report(s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Protected method invoked when this task transitions to state
+     * {@code isDone} (whether normally or via cancellation). The
+     * default implementation does nothing.  Subclasses may override
+     * this method to invoke completion callbacks or perform
+     * bookkeeping. Note that you can query status inside the
+     * implementation of this method to determine whether this task
+     * has been cancelled.
+     */
+    protected void done() { }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the result of this future to the given value unless
+     * this future has already been set or has been cancelled.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is invoked internally by the {@link #run} method
+     * upon successful completion of the computation.
+     *
+     * @param v the value
+     */
+    protected void set(V v) {
+        if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, NEW, COMPLETING)) {
+            outcome = v;
+            UNSAFE.putOrderedInt(this, stateOffset, NORMAL); // final state
+            finishCompletion();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Causes this future to report an {@link ExecutionException}
+     * with the given throwable as its cause, unless this future has
+     * already been set or has been cancelled.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is invoked internally by the {@link #run} method
+     * upon failure of the computation.
+     *
+     * @param t the cause of failure
+     */
+    protected void setException(Throwable t) {
+        if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, NEW, COMPLETING)) {
+            outcome = t;
+            UNSAFE.putOrderedInt(this, stateOffset, EXCEPTIONAL); // final state
+            finishCompletion();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        if (state != NEW ||
+            !UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, runnerOffset,
+                                         null, Thread.currentThread()))
+            return;
+        try {
+            Callable<V> c = callable;
+            if (c != null && state == NEW) {
+                V result;
+                boolean ran;
+                try {
+                    result = c.call();
+                    ran = true;
+                } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                    result = null;
+                    ran = false;
+                    setException(ex);
+                }
+                if (ran)
+                    set(result);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            // runner must be non-null until state is settled to
+            // prevent concurrent calls to run()
+            runner = null;
+            // state must be re-read after nulling runner to prevent
+            // leaked interrupts
+            int s = state;
+            if (s >= INTERRUPTING)
+                handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the computation without setting its result, and then
+     * resets this future to initial state, failing to do so if the
+     * computation encounters an exception or is cancelled.  This is
+     * designed for use with tasks that intrinsically execute more
+     * than once.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if successfully run and reset
+     */
+    protected boolean runAndReset() {
+        if (state != NEW ||
+            !UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, runnerOffset,
+                                         null, Thread.currentThread()))
+            return false;
+        boolean ran = false;
+        int s = state;
+        try {
+            Callable<V> c = callable;
+            if (c != null && s == NEW) {
+                try {
+                    c.call(); // don't set result
+                    ran = true;
+                } catch (Throwable ex) {
+                    setException(ex);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            // runner must be non-null until state is settled to
+            // prevent concurrent calls to run()
+            runner = null;
+            // state must be re-read after nulling runner to prevent
+            // leaked interrupts
+            s = state;
+            if (s >= INTERRUPTING)
+                handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);
+        }
+        return ran && s == NEW;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ensures that any interrupt from a possible cancel(true) is only
+     * delivered to a task while in run or runAndReset.
+     */
+    private void handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(int s) {
+        // It is possible for our interrupter to stall before getting a
+        // chance to interrupt us.  Let's spin-wait patiently.
+        if (s == INTERRUPTING)
+            while (state == INTERRUPTING)
+                Thread.yield(); // wait out pending interrupt
+
+        // assert state == INTERRUPTED;
+
+        // We want to clear any interrupt we may have received from
+        // cancel(true).  However, it is permissible to use interrupts
+        // as an independent mechanism for a task to communicate with
+        // its caller, and there is no way to clear only the
+        // cancellation interrupt.
+        //
+        // Thread.interrupted();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Simple linked list nodes to record waiting threads in a Treiber
+     * stack.  See other classes such as Phaser and SynchronousQueue
+     * for more detailed explanation.
+     */
+    static final class WaitNode {
+        volatile Thread thread;
+        volatile WaitNode next;
+        WaitNode() { thread = Thread.currentThread(); }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes and signals all waiting threads, invokes done(), and
+     * nulls out callable.
+     */
+    private void finishCompletion() {
+        // assert state > COMPLETING;
+        for (WaitNode q; (q = waiters) != null;) {
+            if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, waitersOffset, q, null)) {
+                for (;;) {
+                    Thread t = q.thread;
+                    if (t != null) {
+                        q.thread = null;
+                        LockSupport.unpark(t);
+                    }
+                    WaitNode next = q.next;
+                    if (next == null)
+                        break;
+                    q.next = null; // unlink to help gc
+                    q = next;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        done();
+
+        callable = null;        // to reduce footprint
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Awaits completion or aborts on interrupt or timeout.
+     *
+     * @param timed true if use timed waits
+     * @param nanos time to wait, if timed
+     * @return state upon completion
+     */
+    private int awaitDone(boolean timed, long nanos)
+        throws InterruptedException {
+        final long deadline = timed ? System.nanoTime() + nanos : 0L;
+        WaitNode q = null;
+        boolean queued = false;
+        for (;;) {
+            if (Thread.interrupted()) {
+                removeWaiter(q);
+                throw new InterruptedException();
+            }
+
+            int s = state;
+            if (s > COMPLETING) {
+                if (q != null)
+                    q.thread = null;
+                return s;
+            }
+            else if (s == COMPLETING) // cannot time out yet
+                Thread.yield();
+            else if (q == null)
+                q = new WaitNode();
+            else if (!queued)
+                queued = UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, waitersOffset,
+                                                     q.next = waiters, q);
+            else if (timed) {
+                nanos = deadline - System.nanoTime();
+                if (nanos <= 0L) {
+                    removeWaiter(q);
+                    return state;
+                }
+                LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos);
+            }
+            else
+                LockSupport.park(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tries to unlink a timed-out or interrupted wait node to avoid
+     * accumulating garbage.  Internal nodes are simply unspliced
+     * without CAS since it is harmless if they are traversed anyway
+     * by releasers.  To avoid effects of unsplicing from already
+     * removed nodes, the list is retraversed in case of an apparent
+     * race.  This is slow when there are a lot of nodes, but we don't
+     * expect lists to be long enough to outweigh higher-overhead
+     * schemes.
+     */
+    private void removeWaiter(WaitNode node) {
+        if (node != null) {
+            node.thread = null;
+            retry:
+            for (;;) {          // restart on removeWaiter race
+                for (WaitNode pred = null, q = waiters, s; q != null; q = s) {
+                    s = q.next;
+                    if (q.thread != null)
+                        pred = q;
+                    else if (pred != null) {
+                        pred.next = s;
+                        if (pred.thread == null) // check for race
+                            continue retry;
+                    }
+                    else if (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, waitersOffset,
+                                                          q, s))
+                        continue retry;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Unsafe mechanics
+    private static final sun.misc.Unsafe UNSAFE;
+    private static final long stateOffset;
+    private static final long runnerOffset;
+    private static final long waitersOffset;
+    static {
+        try {
+            UNSAFE = sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe();
+            Class<?> k = FutureTask.class;
+            stateOffset = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
+                (k.getDeclaredField("state"));
+            runnerOffset = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
+                (k.getDeclaredField("runner"));
+            waitersOffset = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset
+                (k.getDeclaredField("waiters"));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new Error(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+}