hotspot/src/jdk.internal.vm.compiler/share/classes/org.graalvm.compiler.core.test/src/org/graalvm/compiler/core/test/GraalCompilerTest.java
changeset 43972 1ade39b8381b
child 46344 694c102fd8ed
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/hotspot/src/jdk.internal.vm.compiler/share/classes/org.graalvm.compiler.core.test/src/org/graalvm/compiler/core/test/GraalCompilerTest.java	Thu Feb 16 15:46:09 2017 -0800
@@ -0,0 +1,1189 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package org.graalvm.compiler.core.test;
+
+import static org.graalvm.compiler.core.GraalCompilerOptions.PrintCompilation;
+import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ConstantNode.getConstantNodes;
+import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.InlineInvokePlugin.InlineInfo.DO_NOT_INLINE_NO_EXCEPTION;
+import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.InlineInvokePlugin.InlineInfo.DO_NOT_INLINE_WITH_EXCEPTION;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.EnumMap;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ListIterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.internal.AssumptionViolatedException;
+
+import org.graalvm.compiler.api.directives.GraalDirectives;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.SnippetReflectionProvider;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.api.test.Graal;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.code.CompilationResult;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.core.GraalCompiler;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.core.GraalCompiler.Request;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.CompilationIdentifier;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.type.StampFactory;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.core.target.Backend;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.Debug;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.Debug.Scope;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.DebugDumpScope;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.GraalError;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.TTY;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.graph.Node;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.graph.NodeClass;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.graph.NodeMap;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.java.BytecodeParser;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.java.ComputeLoopFrequenciesClosure;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.java.GraphBuilderPhase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.lir.asm.CompilationResultBuilderFactory;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.lir.phases.LIRSuites;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodeinfo.NodeInfo;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodeinfo.NodeSize;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodeinfo.Verbosity;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.BreakpointNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ConstantNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.FixedWithNextNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.FrameState;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.FullInfopointNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.InvokeNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.InvokeWithExceptionNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ProxyNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ReturnNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.StructuredGraph;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.StructuredGraph.AllowAssumptions;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.StructuredGraph.ScheduleResult;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ValueNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.cfg.Block;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.GraphBuilderConfiguration;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.GraphBuilderConfiguration.Plugins;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.GraphBuilderContext;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.InlineInvokePlugin;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.InvocationPlugin;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.InvocationPlugins;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.LoweringProvider;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.Replacements;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.virtual.VirtualObjectNode;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.options.DerivedOptionValue;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.BasePhase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.OptimisticOptimizations;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.Phase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.PhaseSuite;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.common.CanonicalizerPhase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.common.ConvertDeoptimizeToGuardPhase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.schedule.SchedulePhase;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.schedule.SchedulePhase.SchedulingStrategy;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.tiers.HighTierContext;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.tiers.Suites;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.tiers.TargetProvider;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.util.Providers;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.runtime.RuntimeProvider;
+import org.graalvm.compiler.test.GraalTest;
+
+import jdk.vm.ci.code.Architecture;
+import jdk.vm.ci.code.CodeCacheProvider;
+import jdk.vm.ci.code.InstalledCode;
+import jdk.vm.ci.code.TargetDescription;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ConstantReflectionProvider;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.DeoptimizationReason;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.JavaKind;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.JavaType;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.MetaAccessProvider;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ProfilingInfo;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ResolvedJavaMethod;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ResolvedJavaType;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.SpeculationLog;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for Graal compiler unit tests.
+ * <p>
+ * White box tests for Graal compiler transformations use this pattern:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li>Create a graph by {@linkplain #parseEager(String, AllowAssumptions) parsing} a method.</li>
+ * <li>Manually modify the graph (e.g. replace a parameter node with a constant).</li>
+ * <li>Apply a transformation to the graph.</li>
+ * <li>Assert that the transformed graph is equal to an expected graph.</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ * See {@link InvokeHintsTest} as an example of a white box test.
+ * <p>
+ * Black box tests use the {@link #test(String, Object...)} or
+ * {@link #testN(int, String, Object...)} to execute some method in the interpreter and compare its
+ * result against that produced by a Graal compiled version of the method.
+ * <p>
+ * These tests will be run by the {@code mx unittest} command.
+ */
+public abstract class GraalCompilerTest extends GraalTest {
+
+    private final Providers providers;
+    private final Backend backend;
+    private final DerivedOptionValue<Suites> suites;
+    private final DerivedOptionValue<LIRSuites> lirSuites;
+
+    /**
+     * Denotes a test method that must be inlined by the {@link BytecodeParser}.
+     */
+    @Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR})
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+    public @interface BytecodeParserForceInline {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Denotes a test method that must never be inlined by the {@link BytecodeParser}.
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+    @Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR})
+    public @interface BytecodeParserNeverInline {
+        /**
+         * Specifies if the call should be implemented with {@link InvokeWithExceptionNode} instead
+         * of {@link InvokeNode}.
+         */
+        boolean invokeWithException() default false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Can be overridden by unit tests to verify properties of the graph.
+     *
+     * @param graph the graph at the end of HighTier
+     */
+    protected boolean checkHighTierGraph(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Can be overridden by unit tests to verify properties of the graph.
+     *
+     * @param graph the graph at the end of MidTier
+     */
+    protected boolean checkMidTierGraph(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Can be overridden by unit tests to verify properties of the graph.
+     *
+     * @param graph the graph at the end of LowTier
+     */
+    protected boolean checkLowTierGraph(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected static void breakpoint() {
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    protected static void breakpoint(int arg0) {
+    }
+
+    protected static void shouldBeOptimizedAway() {
+    }
+
+    protected Suites createSuites() {
+        Suites ret = backend.getSuites().getDefaultSuites().copy();
+        ListIterator<BasePhase<? super HighTierContext>> iter = ret.getHighTier().findPhase(ConvertDeoptimizeToGuardPhase.class, true);
+        if (iter == null) {
+            /*
+             * in the economy configuration, we don't have the ConvertDeoptimizeToGuard phase, so we
+             * just select the first CanonicalizerPhase in HighTier
+             */
+            iter = ret.getHighTier().findPhase(CanonicalizerPhase.class);
+        }
+        iter.add(new Phase() {
+
+            @Override
+            protected void run(StructuredGraph graph) {
+                ComputeLoopFrequenciesClosure.compute(graph);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public float codeSizeIncrease() {
+                return NodeSize.IGNORE_SIZE_CONTRACT_FACTOR;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected CharSequence getName() {
+                return "ComputeLoopFrequenciesPhase";
+            }
+        });
+        ret.getHighTier().appendPhase(new Phase() {
+
+            @Override
+            protected void run(StructuredGraph graph) {
+                assert checkHighTierGraph(graph) : "failed HighTier graph check";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public float codeSizeIncrease() {
+                return NodeSize.IGNORE_SIZE_CONTRACT_FACTOR;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected CharSequence getName() {
+                return "CheckGraphPhase";
+            }
+        });
+        ret.getMidTier().appendPhase(new Phase() {
+
+            @Override
+            protected void run(StructuredGraph graph) {
+                assert checkMidTierGraph(graph) : "failed MidTier graph check";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public float codeSizeIncrease() {
+                return NodeSize.IGNORE_SIZE_CONTRACT_FACTOR;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected CharSequence getName() {
+                return "CheckGraphPhase";
+            }
+        });
+        ret.getLowTier().appendPhase(new Phase() {
+
+            @Override
+            protected void run(StructuredGraph graph) {
+                assert checkLowTierGraph(graph) : "failed LowTier graph check";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public float codeSizeIncrease() {
+                return NodeSize.IGNORE_SIZE_CONTRACT_FACTOR;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected CharSequence getName() {
+                return "CheckGraphPhase";
+            }
+        });
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    protected LIRSuites createLIRSuites() {
+        LIRSuites ret = backend.getSuites().getDefaultLIRSuites().copy();
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    public GraalCompilerTest() {
+        this.backend = Graal.getRequiredCapability(RuntimeProvider.class).getHostBackend();
+        this.providers = getBackend().getProviders();
+        this.suites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createSuites);
+        this.lirSuites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createLIRSuites);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up a test for a non-default backend. The test should check (via {@link #getBackend()} )
+     * whether the desired backend is available.
+     *
+     * @param arch the name of the desired backend architecture
+     */
+    public GraalCompilerTest(Class<? extends Architecture> arch) {
+        RuntimeProvider runtime = Graal.getRequiredCapability(RuntimeProvider.class);
+        Backend b = runtime.getBackend(arch);
+        if (b != null) {
+            this.backend = b;
+        } else {
+            // Fall back to the default/host backend
+            this.backend = runtime.getHostBackend();
+        }
+        this.providers = backend.getProviders();
+        this.suites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createSuites);
+        this.lirSuites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createLIRSuites);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up a test for a non-default backend.
+     *
+     * @param backend the desired backend
+     */
+    public GraalCompilerTest(Backend backend) {
+        this.backend = backend;
+        this.providers = backend.getProviders();
+        this.suites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createSuites);
+        this.lirSuites = new DerivedOptionValue<>(this::createLIRSuites);
+    }
+
+    private Scope debugScope;
+
+    @Before
+    public void beforeTest() {
+        assert debugScope == null;
+        debugScope = Debug.scope(getClass());
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void afterTest() {
+        if (debugScope != null) {
+            debugScope.close();
+        }
+        debugScope = null;
+    }
+
+    protected void assertEquals(StructuredGraph expected, StructuredGraph graph) {
+        assertEquals(expected, graph, false, true);
+    }
+
+    protected int countUnusedConstants(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        int total = 0;
+        for (ConstantNode node : getConstantNodes(graph)) {
+            if (node.hasNoUsages()) {
+                total++;
+            }
+        }
+        return total;
+    }
+
+    protected int getNodeCountExcludingUnusedConstants(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return graph.getNodeCount() - countUnusedConstants(graph);
+    }
+
+    protected void assertEquals(StructuredGraph expected, StructuredGraph graph, boolean excludeVirtual, boolean checkConstants) {
+        String expectedString = getCanonicalGraphString(expected, excludeVirtual, checkConstants);
+        String actualString = getCanonicalGraphString(graph, excludeVirtual, checkConstants);
+        String mismatchString = compareGraphStrings(expected, expectedString, graph, actualString);
+
+        if (!excludeVirtual && getNodeCountExcludingUnusedConstants(expected) != getNodeCountExcludingUnusedConstants(graph)) {
+            Debug.dump(Debug.BASIC_LOG_LEVEL, expected, "Node count not matching - expected");
+            Debug.dump(Debug.BASIC_LOG_LEVEL, graph, "Node count not matching - actual");
+            Assert.fail("Graphs do not have the same number of nodes: " + expected.getNodeCount() + " vs. " + graph.getNodeCount() + "\n" + mismatchString);
+        }
+        if (!expectedString.equals(actualString)) {
+            Debug.dump(Debug.BASIC_LOG_LEVEL, expected, "mismatching graphs - expected");
+            Debug.dump(Debug.BASIC_LOG_LEVEL, graph, "mismatching graphs - actual");
+            Assert.fail(mismatchString);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String compareGraphStrings(StructuredGraph expectedGraph, String expectedString, StructuredGraph actualGraph, String actualString) {
+        if (!expectedString.equals(actualString)) {
+            String[] expectedLines = expectedString.split("\n");
+            String[] actualLines = actualString.split("\n");
+            int diffIndex = -1;
+            int limit = Math.min(actualLines.length, expectedLines.length);
+            String marker = " <<<";
+            for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
+                if (!expectedLines[i].equals(actualLines[i])) {
+                    diffIndex = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (diffIndex == -1) {
+                // Prefix is the same so add some space after the prefix
+                diffIndex = limit;
+                if (actualLines.length == limit) {
+                    actualLines = Arrays.copyOf(actualLines, limit + 1);
+                    actualLines[diffIndex] = "";
+                } else {
+                    assert expectedLines.length == limit;
+                    expectedLines = Arrays.copyOf(expectedLines, limit + 1);
+                    expectedLines[diffIndex] = "";
+                }
+            }
+            // Place a marker next to the first line that differs
+            expectedLines[diffIndex] = expectedLines[diffIndex] + marker;
+            actualLines[diffIndex] = actualLines[diffIndex] + marker;
+            String ediff = String.join("\n", expectedLines);
+            String adiff = String.join("\n", actualLines);
+            return "mismatch in graphs:\n========= expected (" + expectedGraph + ") =========\n" + ediff + "\n\n========= actual (" + actualGraph + ") =========\n" + adiff;
+        } else {
+            return "mismatch in graphs";
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void assertOptimizedAway(StructuredGraph g) {
+        Assert.assertEquals(0, g.getNodes().filter(NotOptimizedNode.class).count());
+    }
+
+    protected void assertConstantReturn(StructuredGraph graph, int value) {
+        String graphString = getCanonicalGraphString(graph, false, true);
+        Assert.assertEquals("unexpected number of ReturnNodes: " + graphString, graph.getNodes(ReturnNode.TYPE).count(), 1);
+        ValueNode result = graph.getNodes(ReturnNode.TYPE).first().result();
+        Assert.assertTrue("unexpected ReturnNode result node: " + graphString, result.isConstant());
+        Assert.assertEquals("unexpected ReturnNode result kind: " + graphString, result.asJavaConstant().getJavaKind(), JavaKind.Int);
+        Assert.assertEquals("unexpected ReturnNode result: " + graphString, result.asJavaConstant().asInt(), value);
+    }
+
+    protected static String getCanonicalGraphString(StructuredGraph graph, boolean excludeVirtual, boolean checkConstants) {
+        SchedulePhase schedule = new SchedulePhase(SchedulingStrategy.EARLIEST);
+        schedule.apply(graph);
+        ScheduleResult scheduleResult = graph.getLastSchedule();
+
+        NodeMap<Integer> canonicalId = graph.createNodeMap();
+        int nextId = 0;
+
+        List<String> constantsLines = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
+        for (Block block : scheduleResult.getCFG().getBlocks()) {
+            result.append("Block " + block + " ");
+            if (block == scheduleResult.getCFG().getStartBlock()) {
+                result.append("* ");
+            }
+            result.append("-> ");
+            for (Block succ : block.getSuccessors()) {
+                result.append(succ + " ");
+            }
+            result.append("\n");
+            for (Node node : scheduleResult.getBlockToNodesMap().get(block)) {
+                if (node instanceof ValueNode && node.isAlive()) {
+                    if (!excludeVirtual || !(node instanceof VirtualObjectNode || node instanceof ProxyNode || node instanceof FullInfopointNode)) {
+                        if (node instanceof ConstantNode) {
+                            String name = checkConstants ? node.toString(Verbosity.Name) : node.getClass().getSimpleName();
+                            String str = name + (excludeVirtual ? "\n" : "    (" + filteredUsageCount(node) + ")\n");
+                            constantsLines.add(str);
+                        } else {
+                            int id;
+                            if (canonicalId.get(node) != null) {
+                                id = canonicalId.get(node);
+                            } else {
+                                id = nextId++;
+                                canonicalId.set(node, id);
+                            }
+                            String name = node.getClass().getSimpleName();
+                            String str = "  " + id + "|" + name + (excludeVirtual ? "\n" : "    (" + filteredUsageCount(node) + ")\n");
+                            result.append(str);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        StringBuilder constantsLinesResult = new StringBuilder();
+        constantsLinesResult.append(constantsLines.size() + " constants:\n");
+        Collections.sort(constantsLines);
+        for (String s : constantsLines) {
+            constantsLinesResult.append(s);
+            constantsLinesResult.append("\n");
+        }
+
+        return constantsLines.toString() + result.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return usage count excluding {@link FrameState} usages
+     */
+    private static int filteredUsageCount(Node node) {
+        return node.usages().filter(n -> !(n instanceof FrameState)).count();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param graph
+     * @return a scheduled textual dump of {@code graph} .
+     */
+    protected static String getScheduledGraphString(StructuredGraph graph) {
+        SchedulePhase schedule = new SchedulePhase(SchedulingStrategy.EARLIEST);
+        schedule.apply(graph);
+        ScheduleResult scheduleResult = graph.getLastSchedule();
+
+        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
+        Block[] blocks = scheduleResult.getCFG().getBlocks();
+        for (Block block : blocks) {
+            result.append("Block " + block + " ");
+            if (block == scheduleResult.getCFG().getStartBlock()) {
+                result.append("* ");
+            }
+            result.append("-> ");
+            for (Block succ : block.getSuccessors()) {
+                result.append(succ + " ");
+            }
+            result.append("\n");
+            for (Node node : scheduleResult.getBlockToNodesMap().get(block)) {
+                result.append(String.format("%1S\n", node));
+            }
+        }
+        return result.toString();
+    }
+
+    protected Backend getBackend() {
+        return backend;
+    }
+
+    protected Suites getSuites() {
+        return suites.getValue();
+    }
+
+    protected LIRSuites getLIRSuites() {
+        return lirSuites.getValue();
+    }
+
+    protected final Providers getProviders() {
+        return providers;
+    }
+
+    protected HighTierContext getDefaultHighTierContext() {
+        return new HighTierContext(getProviders(), getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite(), OptimisticOptimizations.ALL);
+    }
+
+    protected SnippetReflectionProvider getSnippetReflection() {
+        return Graal.getRequiredCapability(SnippetReflectionProvider.class);
+    }
+
+    protected TargetDescription getTarget() {
+        return getTargetProvider().getTarget();
+    }
+
+    protected TargetProvider getTargetProvider() {
+        return getBackend();
+    }
+
+    protected CodeCacheProvider getCodeCache() {
+        return getProviders().getCodeCache();
+    }
+
+    protected ConstantReflectionProvider getConstantReflection() {
+        return getProviders().getConstantReflection();
+    }
+
+    protected MetaAccessProvider getMetaAccess() {
+        return getProviders().getMetaAccess();
+    }
+
+    protected LoweringProvider getLowerer() {
+        return getProviders().getLowerer();
+    }
+
+    protected CompilationIdentifier getCompilationId(ResolvedJavaMethod method) {
+        return getBackend().getCompilationIdentifier(method);
+    }
+
+    protected CompilationIdentifier getOrCreateCompilationId(final ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph) {
+        if (graph != null) {
+            return graph.compilationId();
+        }
+        return getCompilationId(installedCodeOwner);
+    }
+
+    protected void testN(int n, final String name, final Object... args) {
+        final List<Throwable> errors = new ArrayList<>(n);
+        Thread[] threads = new Thread[n];
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            Thread t = new Thread(i + ":" + name) {
+
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    try {
+                        test(name, args);
+                    } catch (Throwable e) {
+                        errors.add(e);
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+            threads[i] = t;
+            t.start();
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            try {
+                threads[i].join();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                errors.add(e);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!errors.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new MultiCauseAssertionError(errors.size() + " failures", errors.toArray(new Throwable[errors.size()]));
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected Object referenceInvoke(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Object receiver, Object... args) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+        return invoke(method, receiver, args);
+    }
+
+    protected static class Result {
+
+        public final Object returnValue;
+        public final Throwable exception;
+
+        public Result(Object returnValue, Throwable exception) {
+            this.returnValue = returnValue;
+            this.exception = exception;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return exception == null ? returnValue == null ? "null" : returnValue.toString() : "!" + exception;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called before a test is executed.
+     */
+    protected void before(@SuppressWarnings("unused") ResolvedJavaMethod method) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called after a test is executed.
+     */
+    protected void after() {
+    }
+
+    protected Result executeExpected(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        before(method);
+        try {
+            // This gives us both the expected return value as well as ensuring that the method to
+            // be compiled is fully resolved
+            return new Result(referenceInvoke(method, receiver, args), null);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            return new Result(null, e.getTargetException());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } finally {
+            after();
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected Result executeActual(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        before(method);
+        Object[] executeArgs = argsWithReceiver(receiver, args);
+
+        checkArgs(method, executeArgs);
+
+        InstalledCode compiledMethod = getCode(method);
+        try {
+            return new Result(compiledMethod.executeVarargs(executeArgs), null);
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            return new Result(null, e);
+        } finally {
+            after();
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void checkArgs(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Object[] args) {
+        JavaType[] sig = method.toParameterTypes();
+        Assert.assertEquals(sig.length, args.length);
+        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+            JavaType javaType = sig[i];
+            JavaKind kind = javaType.getJavaKind();
+            Object arg = args[i];
+            if (kind == JavaKind.Object) {
+                if (arg != null && javaType instanceof ResolvedJavaType) {
+                    ResolvedJavaType resolvedJavaType = (ResolvedJavaType) javaType;
+                    Assert.assertTrue(resolvedJavaType + " from " + getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(arg.getClass()), resolvedJavaType.isAssignableFrom(getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(arg.getClass())));
+                }
+            } else {
+                Assert.assertNotNull(arg);
+                Assert.assertEquals(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), arg.getClass());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepends a non-null receiver argument to a given list or args.
+     *
+     * @param receiver the receiver argument to prepend if it is non-null
+     */
+    protected Object[] argsWithReceiver(Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        Object[] executeArgs;
+        if (receiver == null) {
+            executeArgs = args;
+        } else {
+            executeArgs = new Object[args.length + 1];
+            executeArgs[0] = receiver;
+            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+                executeArgs[i + 1] = args[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return applyArgSuppliers(executeArgs);
+    }
+
+    protected void test(String name, Object... args) {
+        try {
+            ResolvedJavaMethod method = getResolvedJavaMethod(name);
+            Object receiver = method.isStatic() ? null : this;
+            test(method, receiver, args);
+        } catch (AssumptionViolatedException e) {
+            // Suppress so that subsequent calls to this method within the
+            // same Junit @Test annotated method can proceed.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Type denoting a lambda that supplies a fresh value each time it is called. This is useful
+     * when supplying an argument to {@link GraalCompilerTest#test(String, Object...)} where the
+     * test modifies the state of the argument (e.g., updates a field).
+     */
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    public interface ArgSupplier extends Supplier<Object> {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience method for using an {@link ArgSupplier} lambda in a varargs list.
+     */
+    public static Object supply(ArgSupplier supplier) {
+        return supplier;
+    }
+
+    protected void test(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        Result expect = executeExpected(method, receiver, args);
+        if (getCodeCache() == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        testAgainstExpected(method, expect, receiver, args);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process a given set of arguments, converting any {@link ArgSupplier} argument to the argument
+     * it supplies.
+     */
+    protected Object[] applyArgSuppliers(Object... args) {
+        Object[] res = args;
+        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+            if (args[i] instanceof ArgSupplier) {
+                if (res == args) {
+                    res = args.clone();
+                }
+                res[i] = ((ArgSupplier) args[i]).get();
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    protected void testAgainstExpected(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Result expect, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        testAgainstExpected(method, expect, Collections.<DeoptimizationReason> emptySet(), receiver, args);
+    }
+
+    protected Result executeActualCheckDeopt(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Set<DeoptimizationReason> shouldNotDeopt, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        Map<DeoptimizationReason, Integer> deoptCounts = new EnumMap<>(DeoptimizationReason.class);
+        ProfilingInfo profile = method.getProfilingInfo();
+        for (DeoptimizationReason reason : shouldNotDeopt) {
+            deoptCounts.put(reason, profile.getDeoptimizationCount(reason));
+        }
+        Result actual = executeActual(method, receiver, args);
+        profile = method.getProfilingInfo(); // profile can change after execution
+        for (DeoptimizationReason reason : shouldNotDeopt) {
+            Assert.assertEquals((int) deoptCounts.get(reason), profile.getDeoptimizationCount(reason));
+        }
+        return actual;
+    }
+
+    protected void assertEquals(Result expect, Result actual) {
+        if (expect.exception != null) {
+            Assert.assertTrue("expected " + expect.exception, actual.exception != null);
+            Assert.assertEquals("Exception class", expect.exception.getClass(), actual.exception.getClass());
+            Assert.assertEquals("Exception message", expect.exception.getMessage(), actual.exception.getMessage());
+        } else {
+            if (actual.exception != null) {
+                throw new AssertionError("expected " + expect.returnValue + " but got an exception", actual.exception);
+            }
+            assertDeepEquals(expect.returnValue, actual.returnValue);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void testAgainstExpected(ResolvedJavaMethod method, Result expect, Set<DeoptimizationReason> shouldNotDeopt, Object receiver, Object... args) {
+        Result actual = executeActualCheckDeopt(method, shouldNotDeopt, receiver, args);
+        assertEquals(expect, actual);
+    }
+
+    private Map<ResolvedJavaMethod, InstalledCode> cache = new HashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Gets installed code for a given method, compiling it first if necessary. The graph is parsed
+     * {@link #parseEager(ResolvedJavaMethod, AllowAssumptions) eagerly}.
+     */
+    protected InstalledCode getCode(ResolvedJavaMethod method) {
+        return getCode(method, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets installed code for a given method, compiling it first if necessary.
+     *
+     * @param installedCodeOwner the method the compiled code will be associated with when installed
+     * @param graph the graph to be compiled. If null, a graph will be obtained from
+     *            {@code installedCodeOwner} via {@link #parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod)}.
+     */
+    protected InstalledCode getCode(ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return getCode(installedCodeOwner, graph, false);
+    }
+
+    protected InstalledCode getCode(final ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph0, boolean forceCompile) {
+        return getCode(installedCodeOwner, graph0, forceCompile, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets installed code for a given method and graph, compiling it first if necessary.
+     *
+     * @param installedCodeOwner the method the compiled code will be associated with when installed
+     * @param graph the graph to be compiled. If null, a graph will be obtained from
+     *            {@code installedCodeOwner} via {@link #parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod)}.
+     * @param forceCompile specifies whether to ignore any previous code cached for the (method,
+     *            key) pair
+     * @param installDefault specifies whether to install as the default implementation
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("try")
+    protected InstalledCode getCode(final ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph, boolean forceCompile, boolean installDefault) {
+        if (!forceCompile) {
+            InstalledCode cached = cache.get(installedCodeOwner);
+            if (cached != null) {
+                if (cached.isValid()) {
+                    return cached;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        final CompilationIdentifier id = getOrCreateCompilationId(installedCodeOwner, graph);
+
+        InstalledCode installedCode = null;
+        try (AllocSpy spy = AllocSpy.open(installedCodeOwner); Scope ds = Debug.scope("Compiling", new DebugDumpScope(id.toString(CompilationIdentifier.Verbosity.ID), true))) {
+            final boolean printCompilation = PrintCompilation.getValue() && !TTY.isSuppressed();
+            if (printCompilation) {
+                TTY.println(String.format("@%-6s Graal %-70s %-45s %-50s ...", id, installedCodeOwner.getDeclaringClass().getName(), installedCodeOwner.getName(), installedCodeOwner.getSignature()));
+            }
+            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            CompilationResult compResult = compile(installedCodeOwner, graph, id);
+            if (printCompilation) {
+                TTY.println(String.format("@%-6s Graal %-70s %-45s %-50s | %4dms %5dB", id, "", "", "", System.currentTimeMillis() - start, compResult.getTargetCodeSize()));
+            }
+
+            try (Scope s = Debug.scope("CodeInstall", getCodeCache(), installedCodeOwner, compResult)) {
+                if (installDefault) {
+                    installedCode = addDefaultMethod(installedCodeOwner, compResult);
+                } else {
+                    installedCode = addMethod(installedCodeOwner, compResult);
+                }
+                if (installedCode == null) {
+                    throw new GraalError("Could not install code for " + installedCodeOwner.format("%H.%n(%p)"));
+                }
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                throw Debug.handle(e);
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw Debug.handle(e);
+        }
+
+        if (!forceCompile) {
+            cache.put(installedCodeOwner, installedCode);
+        }
+        return installedCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used to produce a graph for a method about to be compiled by
+     * {@link #compile(ResolvedJavaMethod, StructuredGraph)} if the second parameter to that method
+     * is null.
+     *
+     * The default implementation in {@link GraalCompilerTest} is to call
+     * {@link #parseEager(ResolvedJavaMethod, AllowAssumptions)}.
+     */
+    protected final StructuredGraph parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod method) {
+        return parseEager(method, AllowAssumptions.YES);
+    }
+
+    protected StructuredGraph parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod method, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        return parseEager(method, AllowAssumptions.YES, compilationId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compiles a given method.
+     *
+     * @param installedCodeOwner the method the compiled code will be associated with when installed
+     * @param graph the graph to be compiled for {@code installedCodeOwner}. If null, a graph will
+     *            be obtained from {@code installedCodeOwner} via
+     *            {@link #parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod)}.
+     */
+    protected final CompilationResult compile(ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph) {
+        return compile(installedCodeOwner, graph, getOrCreateCompilationId(installedCodeOwner, graph));
+    }
+
+    protected CompilationResult compile(ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        return compile(installedCodeOwner, graph, new CompilationResult(), compilationId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compiles a given method.
+     *
+     * @param installedCodeOwner the method the compiled code will be associated with when installed
+     * @param graph the graph to be compiled for {@code installedCodeOwner}. If null, a graph will
+     *            be obtained from {@code installedCodeOwner} via
+     *            {@link #parseForCompile(ResolvedJavaMethod)}.
+     * @param compilationResult
+     * @param compilationId
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("try")
+    protected CompilationResult compile(ResolvedJavaMethod installedCodeOwner, StructuredGraph graph, CompilationResult compilationResult, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        StructuredGraph graphToCompile = graph == null ? parseForCompile(installedCodeOwner, compilationId) : graph;
+        lastCompiledGraph = graphToCompile;
+        try (Scope s = Debug.scope("Compile", graphToCompile)) {
+            Request<CompilationResult> request = new Request<>(graphToCompile, installedCodeOwner, getProviders(), getBackend(), getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite(), OptimisticOptimizations.ALL,
+                            graphToCompile.getProfilingInfo(), getSuites(), getLIRSuites(), compilationResult, CompilationResultBuilderFactory.Default);
+            return GraalCompiler.compile(request);
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw Debug.handle(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected StructuredGraph lastCompiledGraph;
+
+    protected SpeculationLog getSpeculationLog() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    protected InstalledCode addMethod(final ResolvedJavaMethod method, final CompilationResult compilationResult) {
+        return backend.addInstalledCode(method, null, compilationResult);
+    }
+
+    protected InstalledCode addDefaultMethod(final ResolvedJavaMethod method, final CompilationResult compilationResult) {
+        return backend.createDefaultInstalledCode(method, compilationResult);
+    }
+
+    private final Map<ResolvedJavaMethod, Method> methodMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a reflection {@link Method} to a {@link ResolvedJavaMethod}.
+     */
+    protected ResolvedJavaMethod asResolvedJavaMethod(Method method) {
+        ResolvedJavaMethod javaMethod = getMetaAccess().lookupJavaMethod(method);
+        methodMap.put(javaMethod, method);
+        return javaMethod;
+    }
+
+    protected ResolvedJavaMethod getResolvedJavaMethod(String methodName) {
+        return asResolvedJavaMethod(getMethod(methodName));
+    }
+
+    protected ResolvedJavaMethod getResolvedJavaMethod(Class<?> clazz, String methodName) {
+        return asResolvedJavaMethod(getMethod(clazz, methodName));
+    }
+
+    protected ResolvedJavaMethod getResolvedJavaMethod(Class<?> clazz, String methodName, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
+        return asResolvedJavaMethod(getMethod(clazz, methodName, parameterTypes));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the reflection {@link Method} from which a given {@link ResolvedJavaMethod} was created
+     * or null if {@code javaMethod} does not correspond to a reflection method.
+     */
+    protected Method lookupMethod(ResolvedJavaMethod javaMethod) {
+        return methodMap.get(javaMethod);
+    }
+
+    protected Object invoke(ResolvedJavaMethod javaMethod, Object receiver, Object... args) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+        Method method = lookupMethod(javaMethod);
+        Assert.assertTrue(method != null);
+        if (!method.isAccessible()) {
+            method.setAccessible(true);
+        }
+        return method.invoke(receiver, applyArgSuppliers(args));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a Java method in {@linkplain GraphBuilderConfiguration#getDefault default} mode to
+     * produce a graph.
+     *
+     * @param methodName the name of the method in {@code this.getClass()} to be parsed
+     */
+    protected StructuredGraph parseProfiled(String methodName, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions) {
+        return parseProfiled(getResolvedJavaMethod(methodName), allowAssumptions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a Java method in {@linkplain GraphBuilderConfiguration#getDefault default} mode to
+     * produce a graph.
+     */
+    protected final StructuredGraph parseProfiled(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions) {
+        return parseProfiled(m, allowAssumptions, getCompilationId(m));
+    }
+
+    protected StructuredGraph parseProfiled(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        return parse1(m, getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite(), allowAssumptions, compilationId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a Java method with {@linkplain GraphBuilderConfiguration#withEagerResolving(boolean)}
+     * set to true to produce a graph.
+     *
+     * @param methodName the name of the method in {@code this.getClass()} to be parsed
+     */
+    protected final StructuredGraph parseEager(String methodName, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions) {
+        return parseEager(getResolvedJavaMethod(methodName), allowAssumptions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a Java method with {@linkplain GraphBuilderConfiguration#withEagerResolving(boolean)}
+     * set to true to produce a graph.
+     */
+    protected final StructuredGraph parseEager(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions) {
+        return parseEager(m, allowAssumptions, getCompilationId(m));
+    }
+
+    protected StructuredGraph parseEager(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        return parse1(m, getCustomGraphBuilderSuite(GraphBuilderConfiguration.getDefault(getDefaultGraphBuilderPlugins()).withEagerResolving(true)), allowAssumptions, compilationId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a Java method using {@linkplain GraphBuilderConfiguration#withFullInfopoints(boolean)
+     * full debug} set to true to produce a graph.
+     */
+    protected final StructuredGraph parseDebug(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions) {
+        return parseDebug(m, allowAssumptions, getCompilationId(m));
+    }
+
+    protected StructuredGraph parseDebug(ResolvedJavaMethod m, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        return parse1(m, getCustomGraphBuilderSuite(GraphBuilderConfiguration.getDefault(getDefaultGraphBuilderPlugins()).withFullInfopoints(true)), allowAssumptions, compilationId);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("try")
+    private StructuredGraph parse1(ResolvedJavaMethod javaMethod, PhaseSuite<HighTierContext> graphBuilderSuite, AllowAssumptions allowAssumptions, CompilationIdentifier compilationId) {
+        assert javaMethod.getAnnotation(Test.class) == null : "shouldn't parse method with @Test annotation: " + javaMethod;
+        StructuredGraph graph = new StructuredGraph(javaMethod, allowAssumptions, getSpeculationLog(), compilationId);
+        try (Scope ds = Debug.scope("Parsing", javaMethod, graph)) {
+            graphBuilderSuite.apply(graph, getDefaultHighTierContext());
+            return graph;
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw Debug.handle(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected Plugins getDefaultGraphBuilderPlugins() {
+        PhaseSuite<HighTierContext> suite = backend.getSuites().getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite();
+        Plugins defaultPlugins = ((GraphBuilderPhase) suite.findPhase(GraphBuilderPhase.class).previous()).getGraphBuilderConfig().getPlugins();
+        // defensive copying
+        return new Plugins(defaultPlugins);
+    }
+
+    protected PhaseSuite<HighTierContext> getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite() {
+        // defensive copying
+        return backend.getSuites().getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite().copy();
+    }
+
+    protected PhaseSuite<HighTierContext> getCustomGraphBuilderSuite(GraphBuilderConfiguration gbConf) {
+        PhaseSuite<HighTierContext> suite = getDefaultGraphBuilderSuite();
+        ListIterator<BasePhase<? super HighTierContext>> iterator = suite.findPhase(GraphBuilderPhase.class);
+        GraphBuilderConfiguration gbConfCopy = editGraphBuilderConfiguration(gbConf.copy());
+        iterator.remove();
+        iterator.add(new GraphBuilderPhase(gbConfCopy));
+        return suite;
+    }
+
+    protected GraphBuilderConfiguration editGraphBuilderConfiguration(GraphBuilderConfiguration conf) {
+        InvocationPlugins invocationPlugins = conf.getPlugins().getInvocationPlugins();
+        invocationPlugins.register(new InvocationPlugin() {
+            @Override
+            public boolean apply(GraphBuilderContext b, ResolvedJavaMethod targetMethod, Receiver receiver) {
+                b.add(new BreakpointNode());
+                return true;
+            }
+        }, GraalCompilerTest.class, "breakpoint");
+        invocationPlugins.register(new InvocationPlugin() {
+            @Override
+            public boolean apply(GraphBuilderContext b, ResolvedJavaMethod targetMethod, Receiver receiver, ValueNode arg0) {
+                b.add(new BreakpointNode(arg0));
+                return true;
+            }
+        }, GraalCompilerTest.class, "breakpoint", int.class);
+        invocationPlugins.register(new InvocationPlugin() {
+            @Override
+            public boolean apply(GraphBuilderContext b, ResolvedJavaMethod targetMethod, Receiver receiver) {
+                b.add(new NotOptimizedNode());
+                return true;
+            }
+        }, GraalCompilerTest.class, "shouldBeOptimizedAway");
+
+        conf.getPlugins().prependInlineInvokePlugin(new InlineInvokePlugin() {
+
+            @Override
+            public InlineInfo shouldInlineInvoke(GraphBuilderContext b, ResolvedJavaMethod method, ValueNode[] args) {
+                BytecodeParserNeverInline neverInline = method.getAnnotation(BytecodeParserNeverInline.class);
+                if (neverInline != null) {
+                    return neverInline.invokeWithException() ? DO_NOT_INLINE_WITH_EXCEPTION : DO_NOT_INLINE_NO_EXCEPTION;
+                }
+                if (method.getAnnotation(BytecodeParserForceInline.class) != null) {
+                    return InlineInfo.createStandardInlineInfo(method);
+                }
+                return bytecodeParserShouldInlineInvoke(b, method, args);
+            }
+        });
+        return conf;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Supplements {@link BytecodeParserForceInline} and {@link BytecodeParserNeverInline} in terms
+     * of allowing a test to influence the inlining decision made during bytecode parsing.
+     *
+     * @see InlineInvokePlugin#shouldInlineInvoke(GraphBuilderContext, ResolvedJavaMethod,
+     *      ValueNode[])
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    protected InlineInvokePlugin.InlineInfo bytecodeParserShouldInlineInvoke(GraphBuilderContext b, ResolvedJavaMethod method, ValueNode[] args) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @NodeInfo
+    public static class NotOptimizedNode extends FixedWithNextNode {
+        private static final NodeClass<NotOptimizedNode> TYPE = NodeClass.create(NotOptimizedNode.class);
+
+        protected NotOptimizedNode() {
+            super(TYPE, StampFactory.forVoid());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    protected Replacements getReplacements() {
+        return getProviders().getReplacements();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inject a probability for a branch condition into the profiling information of this test case.
+     *
+     * @param p the probability that cond is true
+     * @param cond the condition of the branch
+     * @return cond
+     */
+    protected static boolean branchProbability(double p, boolean cond) {
+        return GraalDirectives.injectBranchProbability(p, cond);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inject an iteration count for a loop condition into the profiling information of this test
+     * case.
+     *
+     * @param i the iteration count of the loop
+     * @param cond the condition of the loop
+     * @return cond
+     */
+    protected static boolean iterationCount(double i, boolean cond) {
+        return GraalDirectives.injectIterationCount(i, cond);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test if the current test runs on the given platform. The name must match the name given in
+     * the {@link Architecture#getName()}.
+     *
+     * @param name The name to test
+     * @return true if we run on the architecture given by name
+     */
+    protected boolean isArchitecture(String name) {
+        return name.equals(backend.getTarget().arch.getName());
+    }
+}