138 # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, |
138 # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, |
139 # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking |
139 # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking |
140 # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' |
140 # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' |
141 # |
141 # |
142 # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's |
142 # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's |
143 # position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should |
143 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should |
144 # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. |
144 # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. |
145 # |
145 # |
146 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] |
146 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] |
147 |
147 |
148 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): |
148 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): |
149 # |
149 # |
179 # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), |
179 # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), |
180 # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value |
180 # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value |
181 # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. |
181 # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. |
182 # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society |
182 # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society |
183 # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: |
183 # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: |
184 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. |
184 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. |
185 # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 |
185 # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 |
186 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html |
186 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html |
187 # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal |
187 # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal |
188 # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. |
188 # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. |
189 # |
189 # |
529 0:00 EU GMT/BST |
529 0:00 EU GMT/BST |
530 Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey |
530 Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey |
531 Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey |
531 Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey |
532 Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man |
532 Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man |
533 |
533 |
534 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-19): |
534 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): |
|
535 # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the |
|
536 # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: |
|
537 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html |
|
538 # and with tests for OpenJDK: |
|
539 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html |
|
540 # |
|
541 # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the |
|
542 # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the |
|
543 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps |
|
544 # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst |
|
545 # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often |
|
546 # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE |
|
547 # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should |
|
548 # not rely on it. |
|
549 # |
535 # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in |
550 # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in |
536 # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. |
551 # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when |
537 # Although currently commented out, this will need to become uncommented |
552 # negative SAVE values are used. |
538 # once the ICU/OpenJDK workaround is removed; see below. |
|
539 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
553 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
540 #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT |
554 #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT |
541 #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST |
555 #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST |
542 #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT |
556 #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT |
543 #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST |
557 #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST |
554 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s |
568 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s |
555 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s |
569 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s |
556 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s |
570 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s |
557 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s |
571 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s |
558 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 |
572 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 |
559 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-18): |
573 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. |
560 # The next line should look like this: |
|
561 # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT |
574 # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT |
562 # However, in January 2018 we discovered that the Eire rules cause |
575 # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. |
563 # problems with tests for ICU: |
|
564 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html |
|
565 # and with tests for OpenJDK: |
|
566 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html |
|
567 # To work around this problem, use a traditional approximation for |
|
568 # time stamps after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC, to give ICU and OpenJDK |
|
569 # developers breathing room to fix bugs. This approximation has |
|
570 # correct UTC offsets, but results in tm_isdst flags are the reverse |
|
571 # of what they should be. This workaround is temporary and should be |
|
572 # removed reasonably soon. |
|
573 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u |
576 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u |
574 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 |
577 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 |
575 0:00 EU GMT/IST |
578 0:00 EU GMT/IST |
576 # End of workaround for ICU and OpenJDK bugs. |
|
577 |
579 |
578 |
580 |
579 ############################################################################### |
581 ############################################################################### |
580 |
582 |
581 # Europe |
583 # Europe |
1555 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): |
1557 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): |
1556 # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see |
1558 # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see |
1557 # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html |
1559 # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html |
1558 # |
1560 # |
1559 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1561 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1560 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S |
1562 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - |
1561 Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - |
1563 Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - |
1562 Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - |
1564 Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - |
1563 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 S |
1565 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - |
1564 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - |
1566 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - |
1565 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S |
1567 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - |
1566 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - |
1568 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - |
1567 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S |
1569 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - |
1568 Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - |
1570 Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - |
1569 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 S |
1571 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - |
1570 # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter |
1572 # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter |
1571 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S |
1573 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - |
1572 Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - |
1574 Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - |
1573 # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter |
1575 # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter |
1574 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S |
1576 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - |
1575 # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week |
1577 # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week |
1576 Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - |
1578 Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - |
1577 Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - |
1579 Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - |
1578 Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - |
1580 Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - |
1579 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1581 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2159 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 |
2161 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 |
2160 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 |
2162 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 |
2161 1:00 EU CE%sT |
2163 1:00 EU CE%sT |
2162 |
2164 |
2163 # Portugal |
2165 # Portugal |
2164 # |
2166 |
2165 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: |
2167 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: |
2166 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) |
2168 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) |
2167 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf |
2169 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf |
2168 # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. |
2170 # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. |
2169 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett but disagrees |
2171 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... |
2170 # with Shanks, who says the transition occurred on 1911-05-24 at 00:00 for |
2172 # |
2171 # Europe/Lisbon, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira. |
2173 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): |
2172 # |
2174 # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: |
|
2175 # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, |
|
2176 # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, |
|
2177 # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... |
|
2178 |
2173 # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): |
2179 # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): |
2174 # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone |
2180 # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone |
2175 # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. |
2181 # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. |
2176 # |
2182 # |
2177 # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve |
2183 # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve |
2250 Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S |
2256 Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S |
2251 Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S |
2257 Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S |
2252 # |
2258 # |
2253 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2259 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2254 Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884 |
2260 Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884 |
2255 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time |
2261 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT |
2256 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 |
2262 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 |
2257 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 |
2263 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 |
2258 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s |
2264 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s |
2259 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s |
2265 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s |
2260 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u |
2266 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u |
2261 0:00 EU WE%sT |
2267 0:00 EU WE%sT |
2262 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. |
2268 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. |
2263 Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada |
2269 Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada |
2264 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 # Horta Mean Time |
2270 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT |
2265 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s |
2271 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s |
2266 -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s |
2272 -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s |
2267 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s |
2273 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s |
2268 -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s |
2274 -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s |
2269 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s |
2275 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s |
2275 -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s |
2281 -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s |
2276 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u |
2282 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u |
2277 -1:00 EU -01/+00 |
2283 -1:00 EU -01/+00 |
2278 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. |
2284 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. |
2279 Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal |
2285 Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal |
2280 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 # Funchal Mean Time |
2286 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT |
2281 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s |
2287 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s |
2282 -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s |
2288 -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s |
2283 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s |
2289 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s |
2284 -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s |
2290 -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s |
2285 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s |
2291 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s |
2613 # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the |
2619 # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the |
2614 # time in Moscow. |
2620 # time in Moscow. |
2615 |
2621 |
2616 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): |
2622 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): |
2617 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow |
2623 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow |
2618 # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... |
2624 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... |
2619 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. |
2625 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. |
2620 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.) |
2626 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.) |
2621 # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by |
2627 # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by |
2622 # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow |
2628 # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow |
2623 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory |
2629 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory |
2624 # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > |
2630 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > |
2625 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = |
2631 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = |
2626 # 2:31:19 ... |
2632 # 2:31:19 ... |
2627 # |
2633 # |
2628 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): |
2634 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): |
2629 # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in |
2635 # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in |
3448 # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all |
3454 # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all |
3449 # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at |
3455 # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at |
3450 # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the |
3456 # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the |
3451 # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. |
3457 # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. |
3452 # |
3458 # |
3453 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" |
3459 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" |
3454 # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the |
3460 # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the |
3455 # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... |
3461 # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... |
3456 # |
3462 # |
3457 # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk |
3463 # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk |
3458 # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning |
3464 # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning |
3552 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. |
3558 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. |
3553 # |
3559 # |
3554 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): |
3560 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): |
3555 # The Federal regulations say |
3561 # The Federal regulations say |
3556 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html |
3562 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html |
3557 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". |
3563 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". |
3558 # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. |
3564 # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. |
3559 |
3565 |
3560 # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): |
3566 # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): |
3561 # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) |
3567 # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) |
3562 # http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353 |
3568 # http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353 |