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package javax.naming.event;

import javax.naming.Name;

import javax.naming.Context;

import javax.naming.NamingException;

/**

 * Contains methods for registering/deregistering listeners to be notified of

 * events fired when objects named in a context changes.

 *

 *<h1>Target</h1>

 * The name parameter in the <tt>addNamingListener()</tt> methods is referred

 * to as the <em>target</em>. The target, along with the scope, identify

 * the object(s) that the listener is interested in.

 * It is possible to register interest in a target that does not exist, but

 * there might be limitations in the extent to which this can be

 * supported by the service provider and underlying protocol/service.

 *<p>

 * If a service only supports registration for existing

 * targets, an attempt to register for a nonexistent target

 * results in a <tt>NameNotFoundException</tt> being thrown as early as possible,

 * preferably at the time <tt>addNamingListener()</tt> is called, or if that is

 * not possible, the listener will receive the exception through the

 * <tt>NamingExceptionEvent</tt>.

 *<p>

 * Also, for service providers that only support registration for existing

 * targets, when the target that a listener has registered for is

 * subsequently removed from the namespace, the listener is notified

 * via a <tt>NamingExceptionEvent</tt> (containing a

 *<tt>NameNotFoundException</tt>).

 *<p>

 * An application can use the method <tt>targetMustExist()</tt> to check

 * whether a <tt>EventContext</tt> supports registration

 * of nonexistent targets.

 *

 *<h1>Event Source</h1>

 * The <tt>EventContext</tt> instance on which you invoke the

 * registration methods is the <em>event source</em> of the events that are

 * (potentially) generated.

 * The source is <em>not necessarily</em> the object named by the target.

 * Only when the target is the empty name is the object named by the target

 * the source.

 * In other words, the target,

 * along with the scope parameter, are used to identify

 * the object(s) that the listener is interested in, but the event source

 * is the <tt>EventContext</tt> instance with which the listener

 * has registered.

 *<p>

 * For example, suppose a listener makes the following registration:

 *<blockquote><pre>

 *      NamespaceChangeListener listener = ...;

 *      src.addNamingListener("x", SUBTREE_SCOPE, listener);

 *</pre></blockquote>

 * When an object named "x/y" is subsequently deleted, the corresponding

 * <tt>NamingEvent</tt> (<tt>evt</tt>)  must contain:

 *<blockquote><pre>

 *      evt.getEventContext() == src

 *      evt.getOldBinding().getName().equals("x/y")

 *</pre></blockquote>

 *<p>

 * Furthermore, listener registration/deregistration is with

 * the <tt>EventContext</tt>

 * <em>instance</em>, and not with the corresponding object in the namespace.

 * If the program intends at some point to remove a listener, then it needs to

 * keep a reference to the <tt>EventContext</tt> instance on

 * which it invoked <tt>addNamingListener()</tt> (just as

 * it needs to keep a reference to the listener in order to remove it

 * later). It cannot expect to do a <tt>lookup()</tt> and get another instance of

 * a <tt>EventContext</tt> on which to perform the deregistration.

 *<h1>Lifetime of Registration</h1>

 * A registered listener becomes deregistered when:

 *<ul>

 *<li>It is removed using <tt>removeNamingListener()</tt>.

 *<li>An exception is thrown while collecting information about the events.

 *  That is, when the listener receives a <tt>NamingExceptionEvent</tt>.

 *<li><tt>Context.close()</tt> is invoked on the <tt>EventContext</tt>

 * instance with which it has registered.

 </ul>

 * Until that point, a <tt>EventContext</tt> instance that has outstanding

 * listeners will continue to exist and be maintained by the service provider.

 *

 *<h1>Listener Implementations</h1>

 * The registration/deregistration methods accept an instance of

 * <tt>NamingListener</tt>. There are subinterfaces of <tt>NamingListener</tt>

 * for different of event types of <tt>NamingEvent</tt>.

 * For example, the <tt>ObjectChangeListener</tt>

 * interface is for the <tt>NamingEvent.OBJECT_CHANGED</tt> event type.

 * To register interest in multiple event types, the listener implementation

 * should implement multiple <tt>NamingListener</tt> subinterfaces and use a

 * single invocation of <tt>addNamingListener()</tt>.

 * In addition to reducing the number of method calls and possibly the code size

 * of the listeners, this allows some service providers to optimize the

 * registration.

 *

 *<h1>Threading Issues</h1>

 *

 * Like <tt>Context</tt> instances in general, instances of

 * <tt>EventContext</tt> are not guaranteed to be thread-safe.

 * Care must be taken when multiple threads are accessing the same

 * <tt>EventContext</tt> concurrently.

 * See the

 * <a href=package-summary.html#THREADING>package description</a>

 * for more information on threading issues.

 *

 * @author Rosanna Lee

 * @author Scott Seligman

 * @since 1.3

 */

public interface EventContext extends Context {

    /**

     * Constant for expressing interest in events concerning the object named

     * by the target.

     *<p>

     * The value of this constant is <tt>0</tt>.

     */

    public final static int OBJECT_SCOPE = 0;

    /**

     * Constant for expressing interest in events concerning objects

     * in the context named by the target,

     * excluding the context named by the target.

     *<p>

     * The value of this constant is <tt>1</tt>.

     */

    public final static int ONELEVEL_SCOPE = 1;

    /**

     * Constant for expressing interest in events concerning objects

     * in the subtree of the object named by the target, including the object

     * named by the target.

     *<p>

     * The value of this constant is <tt>2</tt>.

     */

    public final static int SUBTREE_SCOPE = 2;

    /**

     * Adds a listener for receiving naming events fired

     * when the object(s) identified by a target and scope changes.

     *

     * The event source of those events is this context. See the

     * class description for a discussion on event source and target.

     * See the descriptions of the constants <tt>OBJECT_SCOPE</tt>,

     * <tt>ONELEVEL_SCOPE</tt>, and <tt>SUBTREE_SCOPE</tt> to see how

     * <tt>scope</tt> affects the registration.

     *<p>

     * <tt>target</tt> needs to name a context only when <tt>scope</tt> is

     * <tt>ONELEVEL_SCOPE</tt>.

     * <tt>target</tt> may name a non-context if <tt>scope</tt> is either

     * <tt>OBJECT_SCOPE</tt> or <tt>SUBTREE_SCOPE</tt>.  Using

     * <tt>SUBTREE_SCOPE</tt> for a non-context might be useful,

     * for example, if the caller does not know in advance whether <tt>target</tt>

     * is a context and just wants to register interest in the (possibly

     * degenerate subtree) rooted at <tt>target</tt>.

     *<p>

     * When the listener is notified of an event, the listener may

     * in invoked in a thread other than the one in which

     * <tt>addNamingListener()</tt> is executed.

     * Care must be taken when multiple threads are accessing the same

     * <tt>EventContext</tt> concurrently.

     * See the

     * <a href=package-summary.html#THREADING>package description</a>

     * for more information on threading issues.

     *

     * @param target A nonnull name to be resolved relative to this context.

     * @param scope One of <tt>OBJECT_SCOPE</tt>, <tt>ONELEVEL_SCOPE</tt>, or

     * <tt>SUBTREE_SCOPE</tt>.

     * @param l  The nonnull listener.

     * @exception NamingException If a problem was encountered while

     * adding the listener.

     * @see #removeNamingListener

     */

    void addNamingListener(Name target, int scope, NamingListener l)

        throws NamingException;

    /**

     * Adds a listener for receiving naming events fired

     * when the object named by the string target name and scope changes.

     *

     * See the overload that accepts a <tt>Name</tt> for details.

     *

     * @param target The nonnull string name of the object resolved relative

     * to this context.

     * @param scope One of <tt>OBJECT_SCOPE</tt>, <tt>ONELEVEL_SCOPE</tt>, or

     * <tt>SUBTREE_SCOPE</tt>.

     * @param l  The nonnull listener.

     * @exception NamingException If a problem was encountered while

     * adding the listener.

     * @see #removeNamingListener

     */

    void addNamingListener(String target, int scope, NamingListener l)

        throws NamingException;

    /**

     * Removes a listener from receiving naming events fired

     * by this <tt>EventContext</tt>.

     * The listener may have registered more than once with this

     * <tt>EventContext</tt>, perhaps with different target/scope arguments.

     * After this method is invoked, the listener will no longer

     * receive events with this <tt>EventContext</tt> instance

     * as the event source (except for those events already in the process of

     * being dispatched).

     * If the listener was not, or is no longer, registered with

     * this <tt>EventContext</tt> instance, this method does not do anything.

     *

     * @param l  The nonnull listener.

     * @exception NamingException If a problem was encountered while

     * removing the listener.

     * @see #addNamingListener

     */

    void removeNamingListener(NamingListener l) throws NamingException;

    /**

     * Determines whether a listener can register interest in a target

     * that does not exist.

     *

     * @return true if the target must exist; false if the target need not exist.

     * @exception NamingException If the context's behavior in this regard cannot

     * be determined.

     */

    boolean targetMustExist() throws NamingException;

}