/*

 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this

 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided

 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

 * questions.

 */

package java.lang.invoke;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;

import java.util.Arrays;

import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.*;

import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.Constants.*;

import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup.IMPL_LOOKUP;

import static java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm.*;

/**

 * Construction and caching of often-used invokers.

 * @author jrose

 */

class Invokers {

    // exact type (sans leading target MH) for the outgoing call

    private final MethodType targetType;

    // Cached adapter information:

    private final @Stable MethodHandle[] invokers = new MethodHandle[INV_LIMIT];

    // Indexes into invokers:

    static final int

            INV_EXACT          =  0,  // MethodHandles.exactInvoker

            INV_GENERIC        =  1,  // MethodHandles.invoker (generic invocation)

            INV_BASIC          =  2,  // MethodHandles.basicInvoker

            INV_LIMIT          =  3;

    /** Compute and cache information common to all collecting adapters

     *  that implement members of the erasure-family of the given erased type.

     */

    /*non-public*/ Invokers(MethodType targetType) {

        this.targetType = targetType;

    }

    /*non-public*/ MethodHandle exactInvoker() {

        MethodHandle invoker = cachedInvoker(INV_EXACT);

        if (invoker != null)  return invoker;

        invoker = makeExactOrGeneralInvoker(true);

        return setCachedInvoker(INV_EXACT, invoker);

    }

    /*non-public*/ MethodHandle genericInvoker() {

        MethodHandle invoker = cachedInvoker(INV_GENERIC);

        if (invoker != null)  return invoker;

        invoker = makeExactOrGeneralInvoker(false);

        return setCachedInvoker(INV_GENERIC, invoker);

    }

    /*non-public*/ MethodHandle basicInvoker() {

        MethodHandle invoker = cachedInvoker(INV_BASIC);

        if (invoker != null)  return invoker;

        MethodType basicType = targetType.basicType();

        if (basicType != targetType) {

            // double cache; not used significantly

            return setCachedInvoker(INV_BASIC, basicType.invokers().basicInvoker());

        }

        invoker = basicType.form().cachedMethodHandle(MethodTypeForm.MH_BASIC_INV);

        if (invoker == null) {

            MemberName method = invokeBasicMethod(basicType);

            invoker = DirectMethodHandle.make(method);

            assert(checkInvoker(invoker));

            invoker = basicType.form().setCachedMethodHandle(MethodTypeForm.MH_BASIC_INV, invoker);

        }

        return setCachedInvoker(INV_BASIC, invoker);

    }

    private MethodHandle cachedInvoker(int idx) {

        return invokers[idx];

    }

    private synchronized MethodHandle setCachedInvoker(int idx, final MethodHandle invoker) {

        // Simulate a CAS, to avoid racy duplication of results.

        MethodHandle prev = invokers[idx];

        if (prev != null)  return prev;

        return invokers[idx] = invoker;

    }

    private MethodHandle makeExactOrGeneralInvoker(boolean isExact) {

        MethodType mtype = targetType;

        MethodType invokerType = mtype.invokerType();

        int which = (isExact ? MethodTypeForm.LF_EX_INVOKER : MethodTypeForm.LF_GEN_INVOKER);

        LambdaForm lform = invokeHandleForm(mtype, false, which);

        MethodHandle invoker = BoundMethodHandle.bindSingle(invokerType, lform, mtype);

        String whichName = (isExact ? "invokeExact" : "invoke");

        invoker = invoker.withInternalMemberName(MemberName.makeMethodHandleInvoke(whichName, mtype), false);

        assert(checkInvoker(invoker));

        maybeCompileToBytecode(invoker);

        return invoker;

    }

    /** If the target type seems to be common enough, eagerly compile the invoker to bytecodes. */

    private void maybeCompileToBytecode(MethodHandle invoker) {

        final int EAGER_COMPILE_ARITY_LIMIT = 10;

        if (targetType == targetType.erase() &&

            targetType.parameterCount() < EAGER_COMPILE_ARITY_LIMIT) {

            invoker.form.compileToBytecode();

        }

    }

    // This next one is called from LambdaForm.NamedFunction.<init>.

    /*non-public*/ static MemberName invokeBasicMethod(MethodType basicType) {

        assert(basicType == basicType.basicType());

        try {

            //Lookup.findVirtual(MethodHandle.class, name, type);

            return IMPL_LOOKUP.resolveOrFail(REF_invokeVirtual, MethodHandle.class, "invokeBasic", basicType);

        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {

            throw newInternalError("JVM cannot find invoker for "+basicType, ex);

        }

    }

    private boolean checkInvoker(MethodHandle invoker) {

        assert(targetType.invokerType().equals(invoker.type()))

                : java.util.Arrays.asList(targetType, targetType.invokerType(), invoker);

        assert(invoker.internalMemberName() == null ||

               invoker.internalMemberName().getMethodType().equals(targetType));

        assert(!invoker.isVarargsCollector());

        return true;

    }

    /**

     * Find or create an invoker which passes unchanged a given number of arguments

     * and spreads the rest from a trailing array argument.

     * The invoker target type is the post-spread type {@code (TYPEOF(uarg*), TYPEOF(sarg*))=>RT}.

     * All the {@code sarg}s must have a common type {@code C}.  (If there are none, {@code Object} is assumed.}

     * @param leadingArgCount the number of unchanged (non-spread) arguments

     * @return {@code invoker.invokeExact(mh, uarg*, C[]{sarg*}) := (RT)mh.invoke(uarg*, sarg*)}

     */

    /*non-public*/ MethodHandle spreadInvoker(int leadingArgCount) {

        int spreadArgCount = targetType.parameterCount() - leadingArgCount;

        MethodType postSpreadType = targetType;

        Class<?> argArrayType = impliedRestargType(postSpreadType, leadingArgCount);

        if (postSpreadType.parameterSlotCount() <= MethodType.MAX_MH_INVOKER_ARITY) {

            return genericInvoker().asSpreader(argArrayType, spreadArgCount);

        }

        // Cannot build a generic invoker here of type ginvoker.invoke(mh, a*[254]).

        // Instead, factor sinvoker.invoke(mh, a) into ainvoker.invoke(filter(mh), a)

        // where filter(mh) == mh.asSpreader(Object[], spreadArgCount)

        MethodType preSpreadType = postSpreadType

            .replaceParameterTypes(leadingArgCount, postSpreadType.parameterCount(), argArrayType);

        MethodHandle arrayInvoker = MethodHandles.invoker(preSpreadType);

        MethodHandle makeSpreader = MethodHandles.insertArguments(Lazy.MH_asSpreader, 1, argArrayType, spreadArgCount);

        return MethodHandles.filterArgument(arrayInvoker, 0, makeSpreader);

    }

    private static Class<?> impliedRestargType(MethodType restargType, int fromPos) {

        if (restargType.isGeneric())  return Object[].class;  // can be nothing else

        int maxPos = restargType.parameterCount();

        if (fromPos >= maxPos)  return Object[].class;  // reasonable default

        Class<?> argType = restargType.parameterType(fromPos);

        for (int i = fromPos+1; i < maxPos; i++) {

            if (argType != restargType.parameterType(i))

                throw newIllegalArgumentException("need homogeneous rest arguments", restargType);

        }

        if (argType == Object.class)  return Object[].class;

        return Array.newInstance(argType, 0).getClass();

    }

    public String toString() {

        return "Invokers"+targetType;

    }

    static MemberName methodHandleInvokeLinkerMethod(String name,

                                                     MethodType mtype,

                                                     Object[] appendixResult) {

        int which;

        switch (name) {

        case "invokeExact":  which = MethodTypeForm.LF_EX_LINKER; break;

        case "invoke":       which = MethodTypeForm.LF_GEN_LINKER; break;

        default:             throw new InternalError("not invoker: "+name);

        }

        LambdaForm lform;

        if (mtype.parameterSlotCount() <= MethodType.MAX_MH_ARITY - MH_LINKER_ARG_APPENDED) {

            lform = invokeHandleForm(mtype, false, which);

            appendixResult[0] = mtype;

        } else {

            lform = invokeHandleForm(mtype, true, which);

        }

        return lform.vmentry;

    }

    // argument count to account for trailing "appendix value" (typically the mtype)

    private static final int MH_LINKER_ARG_APPENDED = 1;

    /** Returns an adapter for invokeExact or generic invoke, as a MH or constant pool linker.

     * If !customized, caller is responsible for supplying, during adapter execution,

     * a copy of the exact mtype.  This is because the adapter might be generalized to

     * a basic type.

     * @param mtype the caller's method type (either basic or full-custom)

     * @param customized whether to use a trailing appendix argument (to carry the mtype)

     * @param which bit-encoded 0x01 whether it is a CP adapter ("linker") or MHs.invoker value ("invoker");

     *                          0x02 whether it is for invokeExact or generic invoke

     */

    private static LambdaForm invokeHandleForm(MethodType mtype, boolean customized, int which) {

        boolean isCached;

        if (!customized) {

            mtype = mtype.basicType();  // normalize Z to I, String to Object, etc.

            isCached = true;

        } else {

            isCached = false;  // maybe cache if mtype == mtype.basicType()

        }

        boolean isLinker, isGeneric;

        String debugName;

        switch (which) {

        case MethodTypeForm.LF_EX_LINKER:   isLinker = true;  isGeneric = false; debugName = "invokeExact_MT"; break;

        case MethodTypeForm.LF_EX_INVOKER:  isLinker = false; isGeneric = false; debugName = "exactInvoker"; break;

        case MethodTypeForm.LF_GEN_LINKER:  isLinker = true;  isGeneric = true;  debugName = "invoke_MT"; break;

        case MethodTypeForm.LF_GEN_INVOKER: isLinker = false; isGeneric = true;  debugName = "invoker"; break;

        default: throw new InternalError();

        }

        LambdaForm lform;

        if (isCached) {

            lform = mtype.form().cachedLambdaForm(which);

            if (lform != null)  return lform;

        }

        // exactInvokerForm (Object,Object)Object

        //   link with java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(MethodHandle,Object,Object)Object/invokeSpecial

        final int THIS_MH      = 0;

        final int CALL_MH      = THIS_MH + (isLinker ? 0 : 1);

        final int ARG_BASE     = CALL_MH + 1;

        final int OUTARG_LIMIT = ARG_BASE + mtype.parameterCount();

        final int INARG_LIMIT  = OUTARG_LIMIT + (isLinker && !customized ? 1 : 0);

        int nameCursor = OUTARG_LIMIT;

        final int MTYPE_ARG    = customized ? -1 : nameCursor++;  // might be last in-argument

        final int CHECK_TYPE   = nameCursor++;

        final int LINKER_CALL  = nameCursor++;

        MethodType invokerFormType = mtype.invokerType();

        if (isLinker) {

            if (!customized)

                invokerFormType = invokerFormType.appendParameterTypes(MemberName.class);

        } else {

            invokerFormType = invokerFormType.invokerType();

        }

        Name[] names = arguments(nameCursor - INARG_LIMIT, invokerFormType);

        assert(names.length == nameCursor)

                : Arrays.asList(mtype, customized, which, nameCursor, names.length);

        if (MTYPE_ARG >= INARG_LIMIT) {

            assert(names[MTYPE_ARG] == null);

            BoundMethodHandle.SpeciesData speciesData = BoundMethodHandle.speciesData_L();

            names[THIS_MH] = names[THIS_MH].withConstraint(speciesData);

            NamedFunction getter = speciesData.getterFunction(0);

            names[MTYPE_ARG] = new Name(getter, names[THIS_MH]);

            // else if isLinker, then MTYPE is passed in from the caller (e.g., the JVM)

        }

        // Make the final call.  If isGeneric, then prepend the result of type checking.

        MethodType outCallType = mtype.basicType();

        Object[] outArgs = Arrays.copyOfRange(names, CALL_MH, OUTARG_LIMIT, Object[].class);

        Object mtypeArg = (customized ? mtype : names[MTYPE_ARG]);

        if (!isGeneric) {

            names[CHECK_TYPE] = new Name(NF_checkExactType, names[CALL_MH], mtypeArg);

            // mh.invokeExact(a*):R => checkExactType(mh, TYPEOF(a*:R)); mh.invokeBasic(a*)

        } else {

            names[CHECK_TYPE] = new Name(NF_checkGenericType, names[CALL_MH], mtypeArg);

            // mh.invokeGeneric(a*):R => checkGenericType(mh, TYPEOF(a*:R)).invokeBasic(a*)

            outArgs[0] = names[CHECK_TYPE];

        }

        names[LINKER_CALL] = new Name(outCallType, outArgs);

        lform = new LambdaForm(debugName, INARG_LIMIT, names);

        if (isLinker)

            lform.compileToBytecode();  // JVM needs a real methodOop

        if (isCached)

            lform = mtype.form().setCachedLambdaForm(which, lform);

        return lform;

    }

    /*non-public*/ static

    WrongMethodTypeException newWrongMethodTypeException(MethodType actual, MethodType expected) {

        // FIXME: merge with JVM logic for throwing WMTE

        return new WrongMethodTypeException("expected "+expected+" but found "+actual);

    }

    /** Static definition of MethodHandle.invokeExact checking code. */

    /*non-public*/ static

    @ForceInline

    void checkExactType(Object mhObj, Object expectedObj) {

        MethodHandle mh = (MethodHandle) mhObj;

        MethodType expected = (MethodType) expectedObj;

        MethodType actual = mh.type();

        if (actual != expected)

            throw newWrongMethodTypeException(expected, actual);

    }

    /** Static definition of MethodHandle.invokeGeneric checking code.

     * Directly returns the type-adjusted MH to invoke, as follows:

     * {@code (R)MH.invoke(a*) => MH.asType(TYPEOF(a*:R)).invokeBasic(a*)}

     */

    /*non-public*/ static

    @ForceInline

    Object checkGenericType(Object mhObj, Object expectedObj) {

        MethodHandle mh = (MethodHandle) mhObj;

        MethodType expected = (MethodType) expectedObj;

        return mh.asType(expected);

        /* Maybe add more paths here.  Possible optimizations:

         * for (R)MH.invoke(a*),

         * let MT0 = TYPEOF(a*:R), MT1 = MH.type

         *

         * if MT0==MT1 or MT1 can be safely called by MT0

         *  => MH.invokeBasic(a*)

         * if MT1 can be safely called by MT0[R := Object]

         *  => MH.invokeBasic(a*) & checkcast(R)

         * if MT1 can be safely called by MT0[* := Object]

         *  => checkcast(A)* & MH.invokeBasic(a*) & checkcast(R)

         * if a big adapter BA can be pulled out of (MT0,MT1)

         *  => BA.invokeBasic(MT0,MH,a*)

         * if a local adapter LA can cached on static CS0 = new GICS(MT0)

         *  => CS0.LA.invokeBasic(MH,a*)

         * else

         *  => MH.asType(MT0).invokeBasic(A*)

         */

    }

    static MemberName linkToCallSiteMethod(MethodType mtype) {

        LambdaForm lform = callSiteForm(mtype, false);

        return lform.vmentry;

    }

    static MemberName linkToTargetMethod(MethodType mtype) {

        LambdaForm lform = callSiteForm(mtype, true);

        return lform.vmentry;

    }

    // skipCallSite is true if we are optimizing a ConstantCallSite

    private static LambdaForm callSiteForm(MethodType mtype, boolean skipCallSite) {

        mtype = mtype.basicType();  // normalize Z to I, String to Object, etc.

        final int which = (skipCallSite ? MethodTypeForm.LF_MH_LINKER : MethodTypeForm.LF_CS_LINKER);

        LambdaForm lform = mtype.form().cachedLambdaForm(which);

        if (lform != null)  return lform;

        // exactInvokerForm (Object,Object)Object

        //   link with java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(MethodHandle,Object,Object)Object/invokeSpecial

        final int ARG_BASE     = 0;

        final int OUTARG_LIMIT = ARG_BASE + mtype.parameterCount();

        final int INARG_LIMIT  = OUTARG_LIMIT + 1;

        int nameCursor = OUTARG_LIMIT;

        final int APPENDIX_ARG = nameCursor++;  // the last in-argument

        final int CSITE_ARG    = skipCallSite ? -1 : APPENDIX_ARG;

        final int CALL_MH      = skipCallSite ? APPENDIX_ARG : nameCursor++;  // result of getTarget

        final int LINKER_CALL  = nameCursor++;

        MethodType invokerFormType = mtype.appendParameterTypes(skipCallSite ? MethodHandle.class : CallSite.class);

        Name[] names = arguments(nameCursor - INARG_LIMIT, invokerFormType);

        assert(names.length == nameCursor);

        assert(names[APPENDIX_ARG] != null);

        if (!skipCallSite)

            names[CALL_MH] = new Name(NF_getCallSiteTarget, names[CSITE_ARG]);

        // (site.)invokedynamic(a*):R => mh = site.getTarget(); mh.invokeBasic(a*)

        final int PREPEND_MH = 0, PREPEND_COUNT = 1;

        Object[] outArgs = Arrays.copyOfRange(names, ARG_BASE, OUTARG_LIMIT + PREPEND_COUNT, Object[].class);

        // prepend MH argument:

        System.arraycopy(outArgs, 0, outArgs, PREPEND_COUNT, outArgs.length - PREPEND_COUNT);

        outArgs[PREPEND_MH] = names[CALL_MH];

        names[LINKER_CALL] = new Name(mtype, outArgs);

        lform = new LambdaForm((skipCallSite ? "linkToTargetMethod" : "linkToCallSite"), INARG_LIMIT, names);

        lform.compileToBytecode();  // JVM needs a real methodOop

        lform = mtype.form().setCachedLambdaForm(which, lform);

        return lform;

    }

    /** Static definition of MethodHandle.invokeGeneric checking code. */

    /*non-public*/ static

    @ForceInline

    Object getCallSiteTarget(Object site) {

        return ((CallSite)site).getTarget();

    }

    // Local constant functions:

    private static final NamedFunction

        NF_checkExactType,

        NF_checkGenericType,

        NF_getCallSiteTarget;

    static {

        try {

            NamedFunction nfs[] = {

                NF_checkExactType = new NamedFunction(Invokers.class

                        .getDeclaredMethod("checkExactType", Object.class, Object.class)),

                NF_checkGenericType = new NamedFunction(Invokers.class

                        .getDeclaredMethod("checkGenericType", Object.class, Object.class)),

                NF_getCallSiteTarget = new NamedFunction(Invokers.class

                        .getDeclaredMethod("getCallSiteTarget", Object.class))

            };

            for (NamedFunction nf : nfs) {

                // Each nf must be statically invocable or we get tied up in our bootstraps.

                assert(InvokerBytecodeGenerator.isStaticallyInvocable(nf.member)) : nf;

                nf.resolve();

            }

        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {

            throw newInternalError(ex);

        }

    }

    private static class Lazy {

        private static final MethodHandle MH_asSpreader;

        static {

            try {

                MH_asSpreader = IMPL_LOOKUP.findVirtual(MethodHandle.class, "asSpreader",

                        MethodType.methodType(MethodHandle.class, Class.class, int.class));

            } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {

                throw newInternalError(ex);

            }

        }

    }

}