/*

 * Copyright (c) 2001, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

 *

 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation.

 *

 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

 * accompanied this code).

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

 *

 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

 * questions.

 *

 */

#include "precompiled.hpp"

#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"

#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"

#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"

#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"

#include "code/codeCache.hpp"

#include "code/icBuffer.hpp"

#include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"

#include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"

#include "memory/genMarkSweep.hpp"

#include "memory/genOopClosures.inline.hpp"

#include "memory/generation.inline.hpp"

#include "memory/modRefBarrierSet.hpp"

#include "memory/referencePolicy.hpp"

#include "memory/space.hpp"

#include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"

#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"

#include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"

#include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"

#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"

#include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"

#include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"

#include "utilities/copy.hpp"

#include "utilities/events.hpp"

#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux

# include "thread_linux.inline.hpp"

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris

# include "thread_solaris.inline.hpp"

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows

# include "thread_windows.inline.hpp"

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd

# include "thread_bsd.inline.hpp"

#endif

void GenMarkSweep::invoke_at_safepoint(int level, ReferenceProcessor* rp,

  bool clear_all_softrefs) {

  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be at a safepoint");

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

#ifdef ASSERT

  if (gch->collector_policy()->should_clear_all_soft_refs()) {

    assert(clear_all_softrefs, "Policy should have been checked earlier");

  }

#endif

  // hook up weak ref data so it can be used during Mark-Sweep

  assert(ref_processor() == NULL, "no stomping");

  assert(rp != NULL, "should be non-NULL");

  _ref_processor = rp;

  rp->setup_policy(clear_all_softrefs);

  TraceTime t1("Full GC", PrintGC && !PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);

  // When collecting the permanent generation methodOops may be moving,

  // so we either have to flush all bcp data or convert it into bci.

  CodeCache::gc_prologue();

  Threads::gc_prologue();

  // Increment the invocation count for the permanent generation, since it is

  // implicitly collected whenever we do a full mark sweep collection.

  gch->perm_gen()->stat_record()->invocations++;

  // Capture heap size before collection for printing.

  size_t gch_prev_used = gch->used();

  // Some of the card table updates below assume that the perm gen is

  // also being collected.

  assert(level == gch->n_gens() - 1,

         "All generations are being collected, ergo perm gen too.");

  // Capture used regions for each generation that will be

  // subject to collection, so that card table adjustments can

  // be made intelligently (see clear / invalidate further below).

  gch->save_used_regions(level, true /* perm */);

  allocate_stacks();

  mark_sweep_phase1(level, clear_all_softrefs);

  mark_sweep_phase2();

  // Don't add any more derived pointers during phase3

  COMPILER2_PRESENT(assert(DerivedPointerTable::is_active(), "Sanity"));

  COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTable::set_active(false));

  mark_sweep_phase3(level);

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(

    if (ValidateMarkSweep) {

      guarantee(_root_refs_stack->length() == 0, "should be empty by now");

    }

  )

  mark_sweep_phase4();

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(

    if (ValidateMarkSweep) {

      guarantee(_live_oops->length() == _live_oops_moved_to->length(),

                "should be the same size");

    }

  )

  restore_marks();

  // Set saved marks for allocation profiler (and other things? -- dld)

  // (Should this be in general part?)

  gch->save_marks();

  deallocate_stacks();

  // If compaction completely evacuated all generations younger than this

  // one, then we can clear the card table.  Otherwise, we must invalidate

  // it (consider all cards dirty).  In the future, we might consider doing

  // compaction within generations only, and doing card-table sliding.

  bool all_empty = true;

  for (int i = 0; all_empty && i < level; i++) {

    Generation* g = gch->get_gen(i);

    all_empty = all_empty && gch->get_gen(i)->used() == 0;

  }

  GenRemSet* rs = gch->rem_set();

  // Clear/invalidate below make use of the "prev_used_regions" saved earlier.

  if (all_empty) {

    // We've evacuated all generations below us.

    Generation* g = gch->get_gen(level);

    rs->clear_into_younger(g, true /* perm */);

  } else {

    // Invalidate the cards corresponding to the currently used

    // region and clear those corresponding to the evacuated region

    // of all generations just collected (i.e. level and younger).

    rs->invalidate_or_clear(gch->get_gen(level),

                            true /* younger */,

                            true /* perm */);

  }

  Threads::gc_epilogue();

  CodeCache::gc_epilogue();

  JvmtiExport::gc_epilogue();

  if (PrintGC && !PrintGCDetails) {

    gch->print_heap_change(gch_prev_used);

  }

  // refs processing: clean slate

  _ref_processor = NULL;

  // Update heap occupancy information which is used as

  // input to soft ref clearing policy at the next gc.

  Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();

  // Update time of last gc for all generations we collected

  // (which curently is all the generations in the heap).

  gch->update_time_of_last_gc(os::javaTimeMillis());

}

void GenMarkSweep::allocate_stacks() {

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  // Scratch request on behalf of oldest generation; will do no

  // allocation.

  ScratchBlock* scratch = gch->gather_scratch(gch->_gens[gch->_n_gens-1], 0);

  // $$$ To cut a corner, we'll only use the first scratch block, and then

  // revert to malloc.

  if (scratch != NULL) {

    _preserved_count_max =

      scratch->num_words * HeapWordSize / sizeof(PreservedMark);

  } else {

    _preserved_count_max = 0;

  }

  _preserved_marks = (PreservedMark*)scratch;

  _preserved_count = 0;

#ifdef VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP

  if (ValidateMarkSweep) {

    _root_refs_stack    = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);

    _other_refs_stack   = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);

    _adjusted_pointers  = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);

    _live_oops          = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<oop>(100, true);

    _live_oops_moved_to = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<oop>(100, true);

    _live_oops_size     = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);

  }

  if (RecordMarkSweepCompaction) {

    if (_cur_gc_live_oops == NULL) {

      _cur_gc_live_oops           = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);

      _cur_gc_live_oops_moved_to  = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);

      _cur_gc_live_oops_size      = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);

      _last_gc_live_oops          = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);

      _last_gc_live_oops_moved_to = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);

      _last_gc_live_oops_size     = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);

    } else {

      _cur_gc_live_oops->clear();

      _cur_gc_live_oops_moved_to->clear();

      _cur_gc_live_oops_size->clear();

    }

  }

#endif

}

void GenMarkSweep::deallocate_stacks() {

  if (!UseG1GC) {

    GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

    gch->release_scratch();

  }

  _preserved_mark_stack.clear(true);

  _preserved_oop_stack.clear(true);

  _marking_stack.clear();

  _objarray_stack.clear(true);

  _revisit_klass_stack.clear(true);

  _revisit_mdo_stack.clear(true);

#ifdef VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP

  if (ValidateMarkSweep) {

    delete _root_refs_stack;

    delete _other_refs_stack;

    delete _adjusted_pointers;

    delete _live_oops;

    delete _live_oops_size;

    delete _live_oops_moved_to;

    _live_oops_index = 0;

    _live_oops_index_at_perm = 0;

  }

#endif

}

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase1(int level,

                                  bool clear_all_softrefs) {

  // Recursively traverse all live objects and mark them

  EventMark m("1 mark object");

  TraceTime tm("phase 1", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);

  trace(" 1");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking(false));

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  // Because follow_root_closure is created statically, cannot

  // use OopsInGenClosure constructor which takes a generation,

  // as the Universe has not been created when the static constructors

  // are run.

  follow_root_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));

  gch->gen_process_strong_roots(level,

                                false, // Younger gens are not roots.

                                true,  // activate StrongRootsScope

                                true,  // Collecting permanent generation.

                                SharedHeap::SO_SystemClasses,

                                &follow_root_closure,

                                true,   // walk code active on stacks

                                &follow_root_closure);

  // Process reference objects found during marking

  {

    ref_processor()->setup_policy(clear_all_softrefs);

    ref_processor()->process_discovered_references(

      &is_alive, &keep_alive, &follow_stack_closure, NULL);

  }

  // Follow system dictionary roots and unload classes

  bool purged_class = SystemDictionary::do_unloading(&is_alive);

  // Follow code cache roots

  CodeCache::do_unloading(&is_alive, &keep_alive, purged_class);

  follow_stack(); // Flush marking stack

  // Update subklass/sibling/implementor links of live klasses

  follow_weak_klass_links();

  assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "just drained");

  // Visit memoized MDO's and clear any unmarked weak refs

  follow_mdo_weak_refs();

  assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "just drained");

  // Visit interned string tables and delete unmarked oops

  StringTable::unlink(&is_alive);

  // Clean up unreferenced symbols in symbol table.

  SymbolTable::unlink();

  assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "stack should be empty by now");

}

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase2() {

  // Now all live objects are marked, compute the new object addresses.

  // It is imperative that we traverse perm_gen LAST. If dead space is

  // allowed a range of dead object may get overwritten by a dead int

  // array. If perm_gen is not traversed last a klassOop may get

  // overwritten. This is fine since it is dead, but if the class has dead

  // instances we have to skip them, and in order to find their size we

  // need the klassOop!

  //

  // It is not required that we traverse spaces in the same order in

  // phase2, phase3 and phase4, but the ValidateMarkSweep live oops

  // tracking expects us to do so. See comment under phase4.

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  Generation* pg = gch->perm_gen();

  EventMark m("2 compute new addresses");

  TraceTime tm("phase 2", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);

  trace("2");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking(false));

  gch->prepare_for_compaction();

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(_live_oops_index_at_perm = _live_oops_index);

  CompactPoint perm_cp(pg, NULL, NULL);

  pg->prepare_for_compaction(&perm_cp);

}

class GenAdjustPointersClosure: public GenCollectedHeap::GenClosure {

public:

  void do_generation(Generation* gen) {

    gen->adjust_pointers();

  }

};

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase3(int level) {

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  Generation* pg = gch->perm_gen();

  // Adjust the pointers to reflect the new locations

  EventMark m("3 adjust pointers");

  TraceTime tm("phase 3", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);

  trace("3");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking(false));

  // Needs to be done before the system dictionary is adjusted.

  pg->pre_adjust_pointers();

  // Because the two closures below are created statically, cannot

  // use OopsInGenClosure constructor which takes a generation,

  // as the Universe has not been created when the static constructors

  // are run.

  adjust_root_pointer_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));

  adjust_pointer_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));

  gch->gen_process_strong_roots(level,

                                false, // Younger gens are not roots.

                                true,  // activate StrongRootsScope

                                true,  // Collecting permanent generation.

                                SharedHeap::SO_AllClasses,

                                &adjust_root_pointer_closure,

                                false, // do not walk code

                                &adjust_root_pointer_closure);

  // Now adjust pointers in remaining weak roots.  (All of which should

  // have been cleared if they pointed to non-surviving objects.)

  CodeBlobToOopClosure adjust_code_pointer_closure(&adjust_pointer_closure,

                                                   /*do_marking=*/ false);

  gch->gen_process_weak_roots(&adjust_root_pointer_closure,

                              &adjust_code_pointer_closure,

                              &adjust_pointer_closure);

  adjust_marks();

  GenAdjustPointersClosure blk;

  gch->generation_iterate(&blk, true);

  pg->adjust_pointers();

}

class GenCompactClosure: public GenCollectedHeap::GenClosure {

public:

  void do_generation(Generation* gen) {

    gen->compact();

  }

};

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase4() {

  // All pointers are now adjusted, move objects accordingly

  // It is imperative that we traverse perm_gen first in phase4. All

  // classes must be allocated earlier than their instances, and traversing

  // perm_gen first makes sure that all klassOops have moved to their new

  // location before any instance does a dispatch through it's klass!

  // The ValidateMarkSweep live oops tracking expects us to traverse spaces

  // in the same order in phase2, phase3 and phase4. We don't quite do that

  // here (perm_gen first rather than last), so we tell the validate code

  // to use a higher index (saved from phase2) when verifying perm_gen.

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  Generation* pg = gch->perm_gen();

  EventMark m("4 compact heap");

  TraceTime tm("phase 4", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);

  trace("4");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking(true));

  pg->compact();

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking(false));

  GenCompactClosure blk;

  gch->generation_iterate(&blk, true);

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(compaction_complete());

  pg->post_compact(); // Shared spaces verification.

}