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#ifndef SHARE_OOPS_ACCESSDECORATORS_HPP

#define SHARE_OOPS_ACCESSDECORATORS_HPP

#include "gc/shared/barrierSetConfig.hpp"

#include "memory/allocation.hpp"

#include "metaprogramming/integralConstant.hpp"

#include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"

// A decorator is an attribute or property that affects the way a memory access is performed in some way.

// There are different groups of decorators. Some have to do with memory ordering, others to do with,

// e.g. strength of references, strength of GC barriers, or whether compression should be applied or not.

// Some decorators are set at buildtime, such as whether primitives require GC barriers or not, others

// at callsites such as whether an access is in the heap or not, and others are resolved at runtime

// such as GC-specific barriers and encoding/decoding compressed oops.

typedef uint64_t DecoratorSet;

// The HasDecorator trait can help at compile-time determining whether a decorator set

// has an intersection with a certain other decorator set

template <DecoratorSet decorators, DecoratorSet decorator>

struct HasDecorator: public IntegralConstant<bool, (decorators & decorator) != 0> {};

// == Internal Decorators - do not use ==

// * INTERNAL_EMPTY: This is the name for the empty decorator set (in absence of other decorators).

// * INTERNAL_CONVERT_COMPRESSED_OOPS: This is an oop access that will require converting an oop

//   to a narrowOop or vice versa, if UseCompressedOops is known to be set.

// * INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP: Remember that the involved access is on oop rather than primitive.

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_EMPTY                    = UCONST64(0);

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_CONVERT_COMPRESSED_OOP   = UCONST64(1) << 1;

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP             = UCONST64(1) << 2;

// == Internal build-time Decorators ==

// * INTERNAL_BT_BARRIER_ON_PRIMITIVES: This is set in the barrierSetConfig.hpp file.

// * INTERNAL_BT_TO_SPACE_INVARIANT: This is set in the barrierSetConfig.hpp file iff

//   no GC is bundled in the build that is to-space invariant.

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_BT_BARRIER_ON_PRIMITIVES = UCONST64(1) << 3;

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_BT_TO_SPACE_INVARIANT    = UCONST64(1) << 4;

// == Internal run-time Decorators ==

// * INTERNAL_RT_USE_COMPRESSED_OOPS: This decorator will be set in runtime resolved

//   access backends iff UseCompressedOops is true.

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_RT_USE_COMPRESSED_OOPS   = UCONST64(1) << 5;

const DecoratorSet INTERNAL_DECORATOR_MASK           = INTERNAL_CONVERT_COMPRESSED_OOP | INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP |

                                                       INTERNAL_BT_BARRIER_ON_PRIMITIVES | INTERNAL_RT_USE_COMPRESSED_OOPS;

// == Memory Ordering Decorators ==

// The memory ordering decorators can be described in the following way:

// === Decorator Rules ===

// The different types of memory ordering guarantees have a strict order of strength.

// Explicitly specifying the stronger ordering implies that the guarantees of the weaker

// property holds too. The names come from the C++11 atomic operations, and typically

// have a JMM equivalent property.

// The equivalence may be viewed like this:

// MO_UNORDERED is equivalent to JMM plain.

// MO_VOLATILE has no equivalence in JMM, because it's a C++ thing.

// MO_RELAXED is equivalent to JMM opaque.

// MO_ACQUIRE is equivalent to JMM acquire.

// MO_RELEASE is equivalent to JMM release.

// MO_SEQ_CST is equivalent to JMM volatile.

//

// === Stores ===

//  * MO_UNORDERED (Default): No guarantees.

//    - The compiler and hardware are free to reorder aggressively. And they will.

//  * MO_VOLATILE: Volatile stores (in the C++ sense).

//    - The stores are not reordered by the compiler (but possibly the HW) w.r.t. other

//      volatile accesses in program order (but possibly non-volatile accesses).

//  * MO_RELAXED: Relaxed atomic stores.

//    - The stores are atomic.

//    - Guarantees from volatile stores hold.

//  * MO_RELEASE: Releasing stores.

//    - The releasing store will make its preceding memory accesses observable to memory accesses

//      subsequent to an acquiring load observing this releasing store.

//    - Guarantees from relaxed stores hold.

//  * MO_SEQ_CST: Sequentially consistent stores.

//    - The stores are observed in the same order by MO_SEQ_CST loads on other processors

//    - Preceding loads and stores in program order are not reordered with subsequent loads and stores in program order.

//    - Guarantees from releasing stores hold.

// === Loads ===

//  * MO_UNORDERED (Default): No guarantees

//    - The compiler and hardware are free to reorder aggressively. And they will.

//  * MO_VOLATILE: Volatile loads (in the C++ sense).

//    - The loads are not reordered by the compiler (but possibly the HW) w.r.t. other

//      volatile accesses in program order (but possibly non-volatile accesses).

//  * MO_RELAXED: Relaxed atomic loads.

//    - The loads are atomic.

//    - Guarantees from volatile loads hold.

//  * MO_ACQUIRE: Acquiring loads.

//    - An acquiring load will make subsequent memory accesses observe the memory accesses

//      preceding the releasing store that the acquiring load observed.

//    - Guarantees from relaxed loads hold.

//  * MO_SEQ_CST: Sequentially consistent loads.

//    - These loads observe MO_SEQ_CST stores in the same order on other processors

//    - Preceding loads and stores in program order are not reordered with subsequent loads and stores in program order.

//    - Guarantees from acquiring loads hold.

// === Atomic Cmpxchg ===

//  * MO_RELAXED: Atomic but relaxed cmpxchg.

//    - Guarantees from MO_RELAXED loads and MO_RELAXED stores hold unconditionally.

//  * MO_SEQ_CST: Sequentially consistent cmpxchg.

//    - Guarantees from MO_SEQ_CST loads and MO_SEQ_CST stores hold unconditionally.

// === Atomic Xchg ===

//  * MO_RELAXED: Atomic but relaxed atomic xchg.

//    - Guarantees from MO_RELAXED loads and MO_RELAXED stores hold.

//  * MO_SEQ_CST: Sequentially consistent xchg.

//    - Guarantees from MO_SEQ_CST loads and MO_SEQ_CST stores hold.

const DecoratorSet MO_UNORDERED      = UCONST64(1) << 6;

const DecoratorSet MO_VOLATILE       = UCONST64(1) << 7;

const DecoratorSet MO_RELAXED        = UCONST64(1) << 8;

const DecoratorSet MO_ACQUIRE        = UCONST64(1) << 9;

const DecoratorSet MO_RELEASE        = UCONST64(1) << 10;

const DecoratorSet MO_SEQ_CST        = UCONST64(1) << 11;

const DecoratorSet MO_DECORATOR_MASK = MO_UNORDERED | MO_VOLATILE | MO_RELAXED |

                                       MO_ACQUIRE | MO_RELEASE | MO_SEQ_CST;

// === Barrier Strength Decorators ===

// * AS_RAW: The access will translate into a raw memory access, hence ignoring all semantic concerns

//   except memory ordering and compressed oops. This will bypass runtime function pointer dispatching

//   in the pipeline and hardwire to raw accesses without going trough the GC access barriers.

//  - Accesses on oop* translate to raw memory accesses without runtime checks

//  - Accesses on narrowOop* translate to encoded/decoded memory accesses without runtime checks

//  - Accesses on HeapWord* translate to a runtime check choosing one of the above

//  - Accesses on other types translate to raw memory accesses without runtime checks

// * AS_NO_KEEPALIVE: The barrier is used only on oop references and will not keep any involved objects

//   alive, regardless of the type of reference being accessed. It will however perform the memory access

//   in a consistent way w.r.t. e.g. concurrent compaction, so that the right field is being accessed,

//   or maintain, e.g. intergenerational or interregional pointers if applicable. This should be used with

//   extreme caution in isolated scopes.

// * AS_NORMAL: The accesses will be resolved to an accessor on the BarrierSet class, giving the

//   responsibility of performing the access and what barriers to be performed to the GC. This is the default.

//   Note that primitive accesses will only be resolved on the barrier set if the appropriate build-time

//   decorator for enabling primitive barriers is enabled for the build.

const DecoratorSet AS_RAW                  = UCONST64(1) << 12;

const DecoratorSet AS_NO_KEEPALIVE         = UCONST64(1) << 13;

const DecoratorSet AS_NORMAL               = UCONST64(1) << 14;

const DecoratorSet AS_DECORATOR_MASK       = AS_RAW | AS_NO_KEEPALIVE | AS_NORMAL;

// === Reference Strength Decorators ===

// These decorators only apply to accesses on oop-like types (oop/narrowOop).

// * ON_STRONG_OOP_REF: Memory access is performed on a strongly reachable reference.

// * ON_WEAK_OOP_REF: The memory access is performed on a weakly reachable reference.

// * ON_PHANTOM_OOP_REF: The memory access is performed on a phantomly reachable reference.

//   This is the same ring of strength as jweak and weak oops in the VM.

// * ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF: The memory access is performed on a reference of unknown strength.

//   This could for example come from the unsafe API.

// * Default (no explicit reference strength specified): ON_STRONG_OOP_REF

const DecoratorSet ON_STRONG_OOP_REF  = UCONST64(1) << 15;

const DecoratorSet ON_WEAK_OOP_REF    = UCONST64(1) << 16;

const DecoratorSet ON_PHANTOM_OOP_REF = UCONST64(1) << 17;

const DecoratorSet ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF = UCONST64(1) << 18;

const DecoratorSet ON_DECORATOR_MASK  = ON_STRONG_OOP_REF | ON_WEAK_OOP_REF |

                                        ON_PHANTOM_OOP_REF | ON_UNKNOWN_OOP_REF;

// === Access Location ===

// Accesses can take place in, e.g. the heap, old or young generation and different native roots.

// The location is important to the GC as it may imply different actions. The following decorators are used:

// * IN_HEAP: The access is performed in the heap. Many barriers such as card marking will

//   be omitted if this decorator is not set.

// * IN_NATIVE: The access is performed in an off-heap data structure pointing into the Java heap.

const DecoratorSet IN_HEAP            = UCONST64(1) << 19;

const DecoratorSet IN_NATIVE          = UCONST64(1) << 20;

const DecoratorSet IN_DECORATOR_MASK  = IN_HEAP | IN_NATIVE;

// == Boolean Flag Decorators ==

// * IS_ARRAY: The access is performed on a heap allocated array. This is sometimes a special case

//   for some GCs.

// * IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED: This property can be important to e.g. SATB barriers by

//   marking that the previous value is uninitialized nonsense rather than a real value.

// * IS_NOT_NULL: This property can make certain barriers faster such as compressing oops.

const DecoratorSet IS_ARRAY              = UCONST64(1) << 21;

const DecoratorSet IS_DEST_UNINITIALIZED = UCONST64(1) << 22;

const DecoratorSet IS_NOT_NULL           = UCONST64(1) << 23;

// == Arraycopy Decorators ==

// * ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST: This property means that the class of the objects in source

//   are not guaranteed to be subclasses of the class of the destination array. This requires

//   a check-cast barrier during the copying operation. If this is not set, it is assumed

//   that the array is covariant: (the source array type is-a destination array type)

// * ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT: This property means that it is known that the two array ranges

//   are disjoint.

// * ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF: The copy is in the arrayof form.

// * ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC: The accesses have to be atomic over the size of its elements.

// * ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED: The accesses have to be aligned on a HeapWord.

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST            = UCONST64(1) << 24;

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT             = UCONST64(1) << 25;

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF              = UCONST64(1) << 26;

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC               = UCONST64(1) << 27;

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED              = UCONST64(1) << 28;

const DecoratorSet ARRAYCOPY_DECORATOR_MASK       = ARRAYCOPY_CHECKCAST | ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT |

                                                    ARRAYCOPY_DISJOINT | ARRAYCOPY_ARRAYOF |

                                                    ARRAYCOPY_ATOMIC | ARRAYCOPY_ALIGNED;

// == Resolve barrier decorators ==

// * ACCESS_READ: Indicate that the resolved object is accessed read-only. This allows the GC

//   backend to use weaker and more efficient barriers.

// * ACCESS_WRITE: Indicate that the resolved object is used for write access.

const DecoratorSet ACCESS_READ                    = UCONST64(1) << 29;

const DecoratorSet ACCESS_WRITE                   = UCONST64(1) << 30;

// Keep track of the last decorator.

const DecoratorSet DECORATOR_LAST = UCONST64(1) << 30;

namespace AccessInternal {

  // This class adds implied decorators that follow according to decorator rules.

  // For example adding default reference strength and default memory ordering

  // semantics.

  template <DecoratorSet input_decorators>

  struct DecoratorFixup: AllStatic {

    // If no reference strength has been picked, then strong will be picked

    static const DecoratorSet ref_strength_default = input_decorators |

      (((ON_DECORATOR_MASK & input_decorators) == 0 && (INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP & input_decorators) != 0) ?

       ON_STRONG_OOP_REF : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    // If no memory ordering has been picked, unordered will be picked

    static const DecoratorSet memory_ordering_default = ref_strength_default |

      ((MO_DECORATOR_MASK & ref_strength_default) == 0 ? MO_UNORDERED : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    // If no barrier strength has been picked, normal will be used

    static const DecoratorSet barrier_strength_default = memory_ordering_default |

      ((AS_DECORATOR_MASK & memory_ordering_default) == 0 ? AS_NORMAL : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    static const DecoratorSet value = barrier_strength_default | BT_BUILDTIME_DECORATORS;

  };

  // This function implements the above DecoratorFixup rules, but without meta

  // programming for code generation that does not use templates.

  inline DecoratorSet decorator_fixup(DecoratorSet input_decorators) {

    // If no reference strength has been picked, then strong will be picked

    DecoratorSet ref_strength_default = input_decorators |

      (((ON_DECORATOR_MASK & input_decorators) == 0 && (INTERNAL_VALUE_IS_OOP & input_decorators) != 0) ?

       ON_STRONG_OOP_REF : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    // If no memory ordering has been picked, unordered will be picked

    DecoratorSet memory_ordering_default = ref_strength_default |

      ((MO_DECORATOR_MASK & ref_strength_default) == 0 ? MO_UNORDERED : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    // If no barrier strength has been picked, normal will be used

    DecoratorSet barrier_strength_default = memory_ordering_default |

      ((AS_DECORATOR_MASK & memory_ordering_default) == 0 ? AS_NORMAL : INTERNAL_EMPTY);

    DecoratorSet value = barrier_strength_default | BT_BUILDTIME_DECORATORS;

    return value;

  }

}

#endif // SHARE_OOPS_ACCESSDECORATORS_HPP